中南林业科技大学学报

广西余甘子天然群体遗传多样性及其与生境因子的相关性

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王彩云 ¹^,² , 尹明宇 ¹ , 吴俊多 ³ , 刘子哲 ¹ , 郭俊杰 ¹ , 曾杰 ¹

中南林业科技大学学报 | 生态学 2026,46(6): 153-163

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中南林业科技大学学报 |生态学 2026 , 46 (6) : 153 -163

广西余甘子天然群体遗传多样性及其与生境因子的相关性

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王彩云¹^,², 尹明宇¹, 吴俊多³, 刘子哲¹, 郭俊杰¹, 曾杰¹

作者信息

^1.中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所，广东　广州　510520

^2.南京林业大学，江苏　南京　210037

^3.中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心，广西　凭祥　532600

通讯作者:

郭俊杰（guojunjie@caf.ac.cn），研究员，博士。

作者简介:

王彩云（1170939325@qq.com），博士研究生。

Genetic diversity of natural populations of Phyllanthus emblica and its correlation with habitat factors in Guangxi

Caiyun WANG¹^,², Mingyu YIN¹, Junduo WU³, Zizhe LIU¹, Junjie GUO¹, Jie ZENG¹

Affiliations

^1.Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, Guangdong, China

^2.Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, Jiangsu, China

^3.Experimental Center of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Pingxiang 532600, Guangxi, China

出版时间: 2026-06-25 doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.06.015

文章导航

摘要

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【目的】

基于SSR标记分析广西余甘子天然群体的遗传多样性及遗传结构，揭示影响其遗传多样性的生境因子，为余甘子种质资源保护和良种选育提供理论依据。

【方法】

本研究以广西18个余甘子天然群体398个单株为对象，采用13对引物开展SSR分析，运用PolyGene、GenAlEx和STRUCTURE软件揭示余甘子群体遗传多样性和遗传结构，应用R语言进行相关性热图分析。

【结果】

13个SSR位点共检测出145个等位基因，平均每个位点有11.154个等位基因。平均观察杂合度（H_o）、期望杂合度（H_e）、多态性信息含量（PIC）和Shannon-Wiener多样性指数（I）分别为0.515、0.635、0.595和1.412。18个群体中，BSLL群体的遗传多样性最高，其H_e和I分别为0.630和1.327，而GLPL群体遗传多样性最低，H_e、I分别为0.494、0.875。干热河谷群体的H_e、I显著高于湿润区。余甘子遗传多样性与温度相关的因子（最冷月份最低温Bio6、最湿季度平均温度Bio8、最冷季度平均温度Bio11）呈显著正相关，与降水相关的因子呈显著负相关（年平均降水量Bio12、最湿月份降水量Bio13、最冷季度降水量Bio19）。分子方差分析结果表明，9.134%的变异来自群体间，90.866%的变异来自群体内。当Delta K取值为2、3和4时，干热河谷群体均聚为一个类群，显著区别于湿润区群体。

【结论】

广西余甘子天然群体遗传多样性水平中等，群体间存在明显的遗传分化，尤其是干热河谷和湿润区群体间遗传多样性存在显著差异，与两者间温度和降水因子差异有关。因此，建议针对干热河谷、湿润区等不同生态型群体实施保护以及种质资源收集、保存和应用，以有效保护其遗传多样性并促进种质资源的合理利用。

关键词

余甘子 / 遗传分化 / 分子标记 / 生境因子

Abstract

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【Objective】

This study utilized SSR markers to assess the genetic diversity and structure of natural Phyllanthus emblica populations in Guangxi, China, and revealed habitat factors influencing genetic variation, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation for germplasm conservation and elite variety breeding of P. emblica.

【Method】

Genetic diversity and population structure of P. emblica were analyzed across 18 natural populations (398 individuals) from Guangxi using 13 SSR primer pairs. Genetic analyses were performed with PolyGene, GenAlEx and STRUCTURE software, and correlation heatmaps were generated using R software.

【Result】

A total of 145 alleles were detected across 13 SSR loci, with an average of 11.154 alleles per locus. The mean observed heterozygosity (H_o), expected heterozygosity (H_e), polymorphism information content (PIC), and Shannon-Wiener diversity index (I) for each locus were 0.515, 0.635, 0.595, and 1.412, respectively. Among the 18 populations, BSLL exhibited the highest genetic diversity, with H_e and I of 0.630 and 1.327, while GLPL showed the lowest, with H_e and I of 0.494 and 0.875, respectively. Dry-hot valley populations displayed significantly higher H_e and I than humid area populations. Genetic diversity was significantly positively correlated with temperature-related factors (Bio6: minimum temperature of the coldest month; Bio8: mean temperature of the wettest quarter; Bio11: mean temperature of the coldest quarter) and negative correlation with precipitation-related variables (Bio12: Annual precipitation; Bio13: precipitation of the wettest month; Bio19: precipitation of the coldest quarter). Analysis of molecular variation (AMOVA) indicated that 9.134% of genetic variation occurred among populations, while 90.866% within populations. STRUCTURE analyses (Delta K=2, 3, 4) consistently group dry-hot valley populations into a distinct cluster, demonstrating significant differentiation from humid area population.

【Conclusion】

Natural P. emblica populations in Guangxi possess moderate genetic diversity, with significant inter-population differentiation. Notably, dry-hot valley populations are genetically distinct from humid area populations, driven by divergent temperature and rainfall regimes. Therefore, it is recommended to implement targeted conservation strategies, including germplasm collection, preservation, and utilization-specific to distinct ecotypes such as dry-hot valley and humid area populations. This approach will effectively conserve genetic diversity and facilitate the rational exploitation of germplasm resources for future breeding programs.

Key words

Phyllanthus emblica / genetic differentiation / molecular markers / habitat factors

引用本文

王彩云, 尹明宇, 吴俊多, 刘子哲, 郭俊杰, 曾杰. 广西余甘子天然群体遗传多样性及其与生境因子的相关性. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2026 , 46 (6) : 153 -163 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.06.015

Caiyun WANG, Mingyu YIN, Junduo WU, Zizhe LIU, Junjie GUO, Jie ZENG. Genetic diversity of natural populations of Phyllanthus emblica and its correlation with habitat factors in Guangxi[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2026 , 46 (6) : 153 -163 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.06.015

基金

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中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CAFYBB2020ZB003; CAFYBB2025QF013)

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2026年第46卷第6期

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文章信息

doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.06.015

接收时间：2025-06-27
首发时间：2026-10-30
出版时间：2026-06-25

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收稿日期：2025-06-27
修回日期：2025-08-24

基金

中央级科研院所基本科研业务费专项(CAFYBB2020ZB003; CAFYBB2025QF013)

作者信息

^1.中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所，广东　广州　510520

^2.南京林业大学，江苏　南京　210037

^3.中国林业科学研究院热带林业实验中心，广西　凭祥　532600

通讯作者:

郭俊杰（guojunjie@caf.ac.cn），研究员，博士。

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/znlykj/CN/10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.06.015

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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