中南林业科技大学学报

针阔混交林对人工林土壤微生物特征影响的研究进展

PDF下载

方晰 ¹^,² , 陈柯时 ¹ , 李文隽 ¹ , 黄文君 ¹

中南林业科技大学学报 | 特稿 2026,46(6): 1-17

收起

中南林业科技大学学报 |特稿 2026 , 46 (6) : 1 -17

针阔混交林对人工林土壤微生物特征影响的研究进展

全屏

方晰¹^,², 陈柯时¹, 李文隽¹, 黄文君¹

作者信息

^1.中南林业科技大学　生态环境学院，湖南　长沙　410004

^2.湖南会同杉木林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站，湖南　会同　438107

作者简介:

方晰（fangxizhang@sina.com），教授，博士，博士研究生导师。

Advances in the effects of mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests on soil microbial characteristics

Xi FANG¹^,², Keshi CHEN¹, Wenjun LI¹, Wenjun HUANG¹

Affiliations

^1.School of Ecology and Environment, Central South University of Forestry & Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan, China

^2.Huitong National Field Station for Scientific Observation and Research of Chinese Fir Plantation Ecosystem in Hunan Province, Huitong 438107, Hunan, China

出版时间: 2026-06-25 doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.06.001

文章导航

摘要

收起

土壤微生物是驱动森林生态系统生物地球化学循环的引擎。为应对针叶树种人工纯林经营带来的土壤退化等生态问题，发展针阔混交林已成为提升人工林生态系统功能的关键途径，但针阔混交林如何影响土壤微生物群落构建，其内在机制仍缺乏系统梳理。为此，本文以地上/地下差异化资源输入-土壤生境筛选-微生物群落响应-生态系统功能输出为主线，综述了针阔混交林影响人工林土壤微生物特征的研究进展。重点阐释了3个方面的内容：1）混交林通过凋落物数量、质量及混合分解的非加性效应，结合根际过程（根系空间互补、分泌物互作、菌根真菌网络连接），形成的差异化资源输入途径；2）差异化输入如何改善土壤物理结构、调控化学环境（如pH、养分有效性、氧化还原状况），进而施加特异性的环境筛选压力；3）土壤微生物在生物量扩增、胞外酶活性重分配、群落结构重组及互作网络复杂化方面的响应规律。在此基础上，突出了混交林林分结构与树种多样性对上述过程的放大作用，指出现有研究在机制解析（如化感作用、群落构建规则）、时空动态及系统整合方面的不足，提出未来研究应结合多组学、同位素示踪、长期定位观测与过程模型，构建基于植物功能性状的微生物功能预测框架，为发展面向碳汇提升和地力维持的针阔混交林精准经营提供理论依据。

关键词

针阔混交林 / 差异化资源输入 / 生境筛选 / 根际互作 / 共同真菌网络 / 微生物多样性

Abstract

收起

Soil microorganisms serve as pivotal biogeochemical engines in forest ecosystems. In response to ecological challenges, particularly soil degradation associated with intensive management of pure coniferous plantations, the transition toward mixed coniferous–broadleaved forests has emerged as a strategic approach to enhance the functional integrity and resilience of artificial forest ecosystems. However, the mechanisms by which such mixed forests influence soil microbial community assembly remain insufficiently synthesized. This review adopts a mechanistic framework centered on differential above- and belowground resource inputs, soil habitat filtering, microbial community responses, and downstream ecosystem functional outcomes. We critically synthesized recent advances regarding how mixed coniferous-broadleaved forests shape the composition, structure, and functioning of forest soil microbial communities. Specifically, we addressed: 1) non-additive effects arising from interspecific differences in litter quantity and quality, decomposition dynamics, and root-zone processes, including spatial complementarity of root systems, rhizodeposition-mediated biochemical interactions, and mycorrhizal network connectivity, which collectively generate heterogeneous resource input pathways; 2) how these differentiated inputs improve soil physical architecture (e.g., aggregation, porosity) and modulate chemical conditions (e.g., pH, nutrient availability, redox status), thereby imposing selective environmental filtering pressures on microbial taxa; 3) corresponding microbial responses, including shifts in total biomass, spatial redistribution of extracellular enzyme activities, restructuring of taxonomic and functional community composition, and increased complexity of interspecific interaction networks. Furthermore, we emphasized how mixed stand structural complexity and tree species diversity amplify these cascading effects. Finally, we identified critical knowledge gaps in current research, particularly concerning underlying biological mechanisms (e.g., allelopathic interactions, deterministic versus stochastic community assembly rules), temporal and spatial scaling of microbial responses, and integration across hierarchical ecological levels. We proposed that future progress hinges on synergistic integration of multi-omics approaches, stable isotope probing, long-term in situ monitoring, and process-based modeling—ultimately enabling the development of a predictive framework linking plant functional traits to microbial functional attributes. Such a framework would provide a robust scientific foundation for precision-oriented management of mixed coniferous–broadleaved forests aimed at enhancing carbon sequestration and sustaining soil fertility.

Key words

mixed coniferous–broadleaved forest / diversified resource input / habitat screening / rhizosphere interaction / common fungal networks / microbial diversity

引用本文

方晰, 陈柯时, 李文隽, 黄文君. 针阔混交林对人工林土壤微生物特征影响的研究进展. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2026 , 46 (6) : 1 -17 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.06.001

Xi FANG, Keshi CHEN, Wenjun LI, Wenjun HUANG. Advances in the effects of mixed coniferous and broad-leaved forests on soil microbial characteristics[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2026 , 46 (6) : 1 -17 . DOI: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.06.001

基金

收起

国家自然科学基金项目(U23A20154)

参考文献

收起

文献

收起

参考文献引证文献

排序方式：

[1]

GUO

J H

, KNEESHAW

, PENG

C H

, et al. Positive effects of species mixing on biodiversity of understory plant communities and soil health in forest plantations[J]. PNAS, 2025, 122(11): e2418090122.

[2]

宋战超, 王晖, 刘世荣, 等. 南亚热带混交人工林树种丰富度与土壤微生物多样性和群落组成的关系[J]. 生态学报, 2020, 40(22): 8265-8273.

SONG

Z C

, WANG

, LIU

S R

, et al. Relationship between tree species richness and soil microbial diversity and community composition in a mixed planted south subtropical forest[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2020, 40(22): 8265-8273.

[3]

唐万鹏, 李吉跃, 漆良华, 等. 江汉平原连栽杨树人工林对土壤化学性质的影响[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2009, 29(5): 72-76.

TANG

W P

, LI

J Y

, QI

L H

, et al. Effects of poplar successive plantation on soil chemical characteristics in Jianghan plain[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2009, 29(5): 72-76.

[4]

Y X

, JIANG

Y H

, CHHIN

, et al. Alleviating monoculture-induced soil degradation in Chinese fir plantations in southern China: optimizing understory mixtures balances stoichiometry and microbial diversity[J]. Industrial Crops and Products, 2025, 232: 121254.

[5]

QIANG

, GUNINA

, KUZYAKOV

Y K

, et al. Decoupled response of microbial taxa and functions to nutrients: the role of stoichiometry in plantations[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2024, 365: 120574.

[6]

杨承栋. 发展有群落结构混交林是维护、恢复和提高森林土壤功能实现人工林可持续经营的关键技术[J]. 林业科学, 2022, 58(8): 26-40.

YANG

C D

. Development mixed forest with community structure is the key technologies to maintain, restore, and improve the functions of forest soil and to achieve the sustainable management of plantation[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(8): 26-40.

[7]

尹再芳, 孙洪刚, 谭梓峰, 等. 混交林生产力研究进展[J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(11): 3135-3143.

YIN

Z F

, SUN

H G

, TAN

Z F

, et al. Research progress on productivity of mixed forest[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2023, 34(11): 3135-3143.

[8]

LÓPEZ-ANGULO

, DE LA CRUZ

, CHACÓN-LABELLA

, et al. The role of root community attributes in predicting soil fungal and bacterial community patterns[J]. New Phytologist, 2020, 228: 1070-1082.

[9]

, KUANG

L H

, MOU

Z J

, et al. Accelerated soil carbon accumulation in an afforested multispecies forest compared with a monoculture driven by larger soil phosphorus mobilization[J]. Journal of Environmental Management, 2025, 395: 127955.

[10]

QIN

F C

, YANG

F C

, MING

A G

, et al. Mixture enhances microbial network complexity of soil carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus cycling in Eucalyptus plantations[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2024, 553: 121632.

[11]

杨慧琴, 向涌旗, 吕倩, 等. 3种混交林造林初期土壤真菌群落结构特征[J]. 生态学报, 2024, 44(8): 3360-3371.

YANG

H Q

, XIANG

Y Q

, LYU

, et al. A comparative study on the soil fungal community structure across three mixed forests at the initial stage of afforestation[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2024, 44(8): 3360-3371.

[12]

GUO

J H

, FENG

H L

, MCNIE

, et al. Species mixing improves soilproperties and enzynatic activities in Chinese fir plantations: ameta-analysis[J]. Catena, 2023, 220: 106723.

[13]

GILLESPIE

L M

, HÄTTENSCHWILER

, MILCU

, et al. Tree species mixing affects soil microbial functioning indirectly via root and litter traits and soil parameters in European forests[J]. Functional Ecology, 2021, 35: 2190-2204.

[14]

DING

, LU

, ZHANG

Y T

, et al. Depth-dependent effects of forest diversification on soil functionality and microbial community characteristics in subtropical forests[J]. Microbiological Research, 2024, 289: 127931.

[15]

JING

Y L

, TIAN

, WANG

Q K

, et al. Effects of root dominates over aboveground litter on soil microbial biomass in global forest ecosystems[J]. Forest Ecosystems, 2021, 8: 38.

[16]

ZHANG

W P

, FORNARA

, YANG

, et al. Plant litter strengthens positive biopersity-ecosystem functioning relationships over time[J]. Trends in Ecology & Evolution, 2023, 38(5): 473-484.

[17]

林德喜, 樊后保. 马尾松林下补植阔叶树后森林凋落物量、养分含量及周转时间的变化[J]. 林业科学, 2005, 41(6): 7-15.

LIN

D X

, FAN

H B

. Changes in amount, nutrient contents and turnover time of forest litter after inter-planting hardwood species under Masson pine stand[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2005, 41(6): 7-15.

[18]

张佐玉, 周凤娇, 张喜, 等. 黔东南杉木纯林及其混交林凋落物年产量与月动态变化[J]. 西部林业科学, 2017, 46(2): 20-26.

ZHANG

Z Y

, ZHOU

F J

, ZHANG

, et al. Annual production and monthly dynamics of Cunninghamia lanceolata litterfall of pure plantation and mixed-species plantation in southeastern Guizhou[J]. Journal of West China Forestry Science, 2017, 46(2): 20-26.

[19]

罗欣宇, 何鹏, 刘润洪, 等. 不同林龄马尾松与红锥混交对凋落物和土壤碳储量的影响[J]. 广西植物, 2025, 45(9): 1711-1723.

LUO

X Y

, HE

, LIU

R H

, et al. Effects of mixed plantation of Pinus massoniana and Castanopsis hystrix at different stand ages on litter and soil carbon storage[J]. Guihaia, 2025, 45(9): 1711-1723.

[20]

FAROOQ

T H

, LI

Z W

, YAN

W D

, et al. Variations in litterfall dynamics, C∶N∶P stoichiometry and associated nutrient return in pure and mixed stands of camphor tree and masson pine forests[J]. Frontiers in Environmental Science, 2022, 10: 903039.

[21]

徐旺明, 闫文德, 李洁冰, 等. 亚热带4种森林凋落物量及其动态特征[J]. 生态学报, 2013, 33(23): 7570-7575.

W M

, YAN

W D

, LI

J B

, et al. Amount and dynamic characteristics of litterfall in four forest types in subtropical China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2013, 33(23): 7570-7575.

[22]

张家武, 廖利平, 李锦芳, 等. 马尾松火力楠混交林凋落物动态及其对土壤养分的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 1993, 4(4): 359-363.

ZHANG

J W

, LIAO

L P

, LI

J F

, et al. Litter dynamics of Pinus massoniana and Michelia macclurei mixed forest and its effect on soil nutrients[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 1993, 4(4): 359-363.

[23]

杨智杰, 陈光水, 谢锦升, 等. 杉木、木荷纯林及其混交林凋落物量和碳归还量[J]. 应用生态学报, 2010, 21(9): 2235-2240.

YANG

Z J

, CHEN

G S

, XIE

J S

, et al. Litter fall production and carbon return in Cunninghamia lanceolata, Schima superba, and their mixed plantations[J]. Chinese Journal Applied Ecology, 2010, 21(9): 2235-2240.

[24]

杨玉盛, 谢锦升, 陈银秀, 等. 杉木观光木混交林凋落物数量、组成及动态[J]. 林业科学, 2001, 37(增刊1): 30-34.

YANG

Y S

, XIE

J S

, CHEN

Y X

, et al. Amount‚composition and seasonal dynamics of litterfall in mixed forest of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Tsoongiodendron odorum[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2001, 37(Suppl. 1): 30-34.

[25]

林瑞余, 陈银秀, 黄荣臻. 等.杉木观光木混交林凋落物养分特征及动态变化[J]. 东北林业大学学报, 2002, 30(1): 17-23.

LIN

R Y

, CHEN

Y X

, HUANG

R Z

, et al. Nutrient dynamics of litterfall in a mixed forest of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Tsoongiodendron odorum[J]. Journal of Northeast Forestry University, 2002, 30(1): 17-23.

[26]

周东雄. 杉木乳源木莲混交林凋落物研究[J]. 生态学杂志, 2005, 24(6): 595-598.

ZHOU

D X

. Litter of mixed forest of Cunninghamia lanceolata and Manglietia yuyuanensis[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2005, 24(6): 595-598.

[27]

刘春江. 北京西山地区人工油松栓皮栎混交林生物量和营养元素循环的研究[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 1987, 9(1): 1-10.

LIU

C J

. Studies on the biomass and nutrient cycling of the mixed plantation of Pinus tabulaeformis and Quercus variabilis in Xishan region, Beijing[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 1987, 9(1): 1-10.

[28]

张玉虎, 周亚运, 柳勇, 等. 鸡公山自然保护区4种森林植被凋落物量及动态[J]. 云南农业大学学报(自然科学), 2017, 32(2): 310-315.

ZHANG

Y H

, ZHOU

Y Y

, LIU

, et al. Amount and seasonal dynamics of litterfall in four vegetation types in Jigong mountain nature reserve[J]. Journal of Yunnan Agricultural University (Natural Science), 2017, 32(2): 310-315.

[29]

张德强, 叶万辉, 余清发, 等. 鼎湖山演替系列中代表性森林凋落物研究[J]. 生态学报, 2000, 20(6): 938-944.

ZHANG

D Q

, YE

W H

, YU

Q F

, et al. The litter-fall of representative forests of successional series in Dinghushan[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2000, 20(6): 938-944.

[30]

张新平, 王襄平, 朱彪, 等. 我国东北主要森林类型的凋落物产量及其影响因素[J]. 植物生态学报, 2008, 32(5): 1031-1040.

ZHANG

X P

, WANG

X P

, ZHU

, et al. Litter fall production in relation to environmental factors in northeast China's forests[J]. Journal of Plant Ecology, 2008, 32(5): 1031-1040.

[31]

DING

B B

, ZHANG

Y E

, YU

X X

, et al. Effects of forest cover type and ratio changes on runoff and its components[J]. International Soil and Water Conservation Research, 2022, 10(3): 445-456.

[32]

CHEN

X B

, SU

Y R

, HE

X Y

, et al. Comparative analysis of basidiomycetous laccase genes in forest soils reveals differences at the cDNA and DNA levels[J]. Plant and Soil, 2013, 366: 321-331.

[33]

张晓曦, 周雯星, 李佳佳, 等. 早期分解中油松与阔叶树种凋落叶混合分解效应及其相互影响[J]. 植物科学学报, 2019, 37(3): 303-311.

ZHANG

X X

, ZHOU

W X

, LI

J J

, et al. Mixed decomposition and interspecific effects during early decomposition of litter mixtures of Pinus tabuliformis Carrière and broadleaved species[J]. Plant Science Journal, 2019, 37(3): 303-311.

[34]

熊勇, 许光勤, 吴兰. 混合凋落物分解非加和性效应研究进展[J]. 环境科学与技术, 2012, 35(9): 56-60.

XIONG

, XU

G Q

, WU

. Progress on non-additive effects of mixed litter decomposition[J]. Environmental Science & Technology, 2012, 35(9): 56-60.

[35]

DONG

X D

, GAO

, ZHOU

, et al. Changing characteristics and influencing factors of the soil microbial community during litter decomposition in a mixed Quercus acutissima Carruth. and Robinia pseudoacacia L. forest in northern China[J]. Catena, 2021, 196: 104811.

[36]

LIU

Y C

, TIAN

H M

, LIU

S R

, et al. Asymmetric effects between tree and understorey litters on mixed litter decomposition in temperate Quercus variabilis forest[J]. Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 806: 150939.

[37]

JIANG

, HÄTTENSCHWILER

, MA

, et al. Root mixing effects on belowground decomposition depend on mycorrhizal type[J]. Nature Communications, 2025, 16: 10274.

[38]

GARTNER

T B

, CARDON

Z G

. Decomposition dynamics in mixed-species leaf litter MIINI- in mixed-species decomposition dynamics leaf litter[J]. Oikos, 2004, 104: 230-246.

[39]

蔡子慧, 陈有超, 王毅焕, 等. 毛竹林混合凋落物分解的非加和效应与土壤细菌群落响应[J]. 土壤通报, 2025, 56(2): 513-519.

CAI

Z H

, CHEN

Y C

, WANG

Y H

, et al. Non-additive effects of litter mixture on decomposition and the response of soil bacterial communities in a Moso bamboo forest[J]. Chinese Journal of Soil Science, 2025, 56(2): 513-519.

[40]

李宜浓, 周晓梅, 张乃莉, 等. 陆地生态系统混合凋落物分解研究进展[J]. 生态学报, 2016, 36(16): 4977-4987.

Y N

, ZHOU

X M

, ZHANG

N L

, et al. The research of mixed litter effects on litter decomposition in terrestrial ecosystems[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2016, 36(16): 4977-4987.

[41]

HUANG

C Y

, CHEN

H Y H

, CHANG

S X

, et al. Species mixtures increase fine root length to support greater stand productivity in a natural boreal forest[J]. Journal of Ecology, 2023, 111: 1139-1150.

[42]

, SONG

H Q

, LIU

R H

, et al. Tree species mixing effects on root exudation rate and exudate metabolome: variations across forest stand age[J]. Tree Physiology, 2025, 45(8): tpaf082.

[43]

WANG

X H

, WU

Y T

, ZHAO

W Q

, et al. The rhizosphere and hyphosphere differentially regulate microbiomes and nutrient cycling within soil aggregates in an ectomycorrhiza-dominated forest[J]. Geoderma, 2025, 463: 117570.

[44]

BAI

Y X

, WEI

, MING

A G

, et al. Tree species mixing begets admixture of soil microbial communities: variations along bulk soil, rhizosphere soil and root tissue[J]. Geoderma, 2023, 438: 116638.

[45]

LIANG

M X

, SHI

L Q

, BRUSIEM

D F R P

, et al. Soil fungal networks moderate density-dependent survival and growth of seedlings[J]. New Phytologist, 2021, 230(5): 2061-2071.

[46]

T T

, PHILLIPS

R P

, RILLIG

M C

, et al. Mycorrhizal allies: synergizing forest carbon and multifunctional restoration[J]. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 2025, 40(10): 983-994.

[47]

W T

, LIU

Q H

, XIE

L L

, et al. Interspecific plant-plant interactions increase the soil microbial network stability, shift keystone microbial taxa, and enhance their functions in mixed stands[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2023, 533: 120851.

[48]

DUAN

S L

, FENG

, LIMPENS

, et al. Cross-kingdom nutrient exchange in the plant-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus-bacterium continuum[J]. Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2024, 22: 773-790.

[49]

郭钰, 姚佳峰, 董媛, 等. 油松和刺槐纯林及混交林根系分布特征[J]. 应用生态学报, 2023, 34(11): 2881-2888.

GUO

, YAO

J F

, DONG

, et al. Root distribution characteristics of monoculture and mixture of Pinus tabuliformis and Robinia pseudoacacia plantation[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2023, 34(11): 2881-2888.

[50]

王筱迪, 张勇, 叶丽敏, 等. 浙西南山区典型混交林分地下竞争分析研究[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2025, 41(4): 517-524.

WANG

X D

, ZHANG

, YE

L M

, et al. Analysis of below-ground competition in typical mixed forest stands in the Southwest mountainous area of Zhejiang Province[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2025, 41(4): 517-524.

[51]

韩小美, 黄则月, 程飞, 等. 望天树人工林根际土壤理化性质及微生物群落特征[J]. 应用生态学报, 2020, 31(10): 3365-3375.

HAN

X M

, HUANG

Z Y

, CHENG

, et al. Physiochemical properties and microbial community characteristics of rhizosphere soil in Parashorea chinensis plantation[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2020, 31(10): 3365-3375.

[52]

章晴. 杨-桤混交林根系碳分泌及其对根际土壤氮转化的影响[D]. 南京: 南京林业大学, 2016.

ZHANG

. Root exudation and effect of root exudate to soil nitrogen transformation in poplar and alder mixed plantation[D]. Nanjing: Nanjing Forestry University, 2016.

[53]

王水良, 王平, 王趁义. 铝胁迫下马尾松幼苗有机酸分泌和根际pH值的变化[J]. 生态与农村环境学报, 2010, 26(1): 87-91.

WANG

S L

, WANG

C Y

. Changes in rhizosphere pH and exudation of organic acids of Masson pine (Pinus massoniana) seedlings under aluminum stress[J]. Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment, 2010, 26(1): 87-91.

[54]

王焱, 肖以华, 付志高, 等. 不同杉木-阔叶树混交林土壤碳氮磷含量及酶活性[J]. 应用生态学报, 2025, 36(10): 2909-2919.

WANG

, XIAO

Y H

, FU

Z G

, et al. Soil carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus contents and enzyme activities in different mixed fir and broad-leaved plantations[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 36(10): 2909-2919.

[55]

王亚茹, 林鑫宇, 惠昊, 等. 杨树人工林类型对土壤磷组分的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2021, 40(6): 1549-1556.

WANG

Y R

, LIN

X Y

, HUI

, et al. Effects of poplar plantation types on soil phosphorus fractions[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2021, 40(6): 1549-1556.

[56]

JIAN

, LIN

, MU

C L

, et al. Short-term effects of three tree species on soil physicochemical properties and microbial communities during land-Use change from farmland to forests[J]. Forests, 2025, 16(2): 362.

[57]

唐琨, 朱伟文, 周文新, 等. 土壤pH对植物生长发育影响的研究进展[J]. 作物研究, 2013, 27(2): 207-212.

TANG

, ZHU

W W

, ZHOU

W X

, et al. Research progress on effects of soil pH on plant growth and development[J]. Crop Research, 2013, 27(2): 207-212.

[58]

LEI

, WU

H B

, LI

X Y

, et al. Response of rhizosphere bacterial communities to near natural forest management and tree species within Chinese fir plantations[J]. Microbiology Spectrum, 2023, 11(1): 1-20.

[59]

GAO

Y X

, WU

Y T

, CHANG

P F

, et al. Mycorrhizal network and symbiotic N-fixer jointly enhance the interplant nitrogen sharing[J]. Ecology Letters, 2025, 28: e70204.

[60]

YAN

, FRESCHET

G T

, WANG

H M

, et al. Mycorrhizal symbiosis pathway and edaphic fertility frame root economics space among tree species[J]. New Phytologist, 2022, 234(5): 1639-1653.

[61]

MAO

Z K

, WIEGAND

, CORRALES

, et al. Mycorrhizal types regulate tree spatial associations in temperate forests: ectomycorrhizal trees might favour species coexistence[J]. Ecology Letters, 2024, 27(10): e70005.

[62]

X F

, LIMPENS

. Networking via mycorrhizae[J]. Frontier of Agricultural Science Engineering, 2025, 12(1): 37-46.

[63]

RILLIG

M C

, LEHMANN

, MOUNTS

I R

, et al. Concurrent common fungal networks formed by different guilds of fungi[J]. New Phytologist, 2025, 246(1): 33-38.

[64]

AWAYDUL

, ZHU

W Y

, YUAN

Y G

, et al. Common mycorrhizal networks influence the distribution of mineral nutrients between an invasive plant, Solidago canadensis, and a native plant, Kummerowa striata[J]. Mycorrhiza, 2019, 29: 29-38.

[65]

CHEN

, LI

, CAO

, et al. Comparison of bacterial communities in five ectomycorrhizal fungi mycosphere soil[J]. Microorganisms, 2024, 12(7): 1329.

[66]

HUANG

X M

, LIU

S R

, YOU

Y M

, et al. Microbial community and associated enzymes activity influence soil carbon chemical composition in Eucalyptus urophylla plantation with mixing N₂-fixing species in subtropical China[J]. Plant and Soil, 2017, 414: 199-212.

[67]

李雅, 孟喜悦, 李睿, 等. 凋落物多样性对土壤微生物特性影响的研究进展[J]. 现代农业研究, 2024, 30(5): 48-53.

, MENG

X Y

, LI

, et al. Research progress on the effect of litter diversity on soil microbial characteristics[J]. Modern Agriculture Research, 2024, 30(5): 48-53.

[68]

FENG

J Y

, WANG

C Y

, GAO

J J

, et al. Changes in plant litter and root carbon inputs alter soil respiration in three different forests of a climate transitional region[J]. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2024, 358: 110212.

[69]

宋小艳, 张丹桔, 张健, 等. 马尾松人工林林窗对土壤团聚体及有机碳分布的影响[J]. 应用生态学报, 2014, 25(11): 3083-3090.

SONG

X Y

, ZHANG

D J

, ZHANG

, et al. Effects of gaps on distribution of soil aggregates and organic carbon in Pinus massoniana plantation[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2014, 25(11): 3083-3090.

[70]

张曼夏, 季猛, 李伟, 等. 土地利用方式对土壤团聚体稳定性及其结合有机碳的影响[J]. 应用与环境生物学报, 2013, 19(4): 598-604.

ZHANG

M X

, JI

, LI

, et al. Effect of land use patterns on soil aggregate stability and aggregate-associated organic carbon[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology, 2013, 19(4): 598-604.

[71]

区晓琳, 陈志彪, 陈志强, 等. 亚热带侵蚀红壤区植被恢复过程中土壤团聚体化学计量特征[J]. 土壤学报, 2018, 55(5): 1156-1167.

X L

, CHEN

Z B

, CHEN

Z Q

, et al. Stoichiometrc characteristics of soil aggregates in subtropical eroded red soil under vegetation restoration[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2018, 55(5): 1156-1167.

[72]

邓仕坚, 张家武, 陈楚莹, 等. 不同树种混交林及其纯林对土壤理化性质影响的研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 1994, 5(2): 126-132.

DENG

S J

, ZHANG

J W

, CHEN

C Y

, et al. Effect of pure and mixed stands on soil physical and chemical properties[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 1994, 5(2): 126-132.

[73]

秦娟, 唐心红, 杨雪梅. 马尾松不同林型对土壤理化性质的影响[J]. 生态环境学报, 2013, 22(4): 598-604.

QIN

, TANG

X H

, YANG

X M

. Effects of soil physical and chemical properties on different forest types of Pinus massoniana[J]. Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 2013, 22(4): 598-604.

[74]

谭玲, 何友均, 覃林, 等. 南亚热带红椎、马尾松纯林及其混交林土壤理化性质比较[J]. 西部林业科学, 2014, 43(2): 35-41.

TAN

, HE

Y J

, QIN

, et al. Comparison of soil physical and chemical properties of pure Castanopsis hystrix, pure Pinus massoniana and mixed-species tree plantation in south subtropical area[J]. Journal of West China Forestry Science, 2014, 43(2): 35-41.

[75]

郭琦, 王新杰. 不同混交模式杉木人工林林下植被生物量与土壤物理性质研究[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2014, 34(5): 70-74.

GUO

, WANG

X J

. Undergrowth biomass and soil physical properties under Cunninghamia lanceolata with different patterns of mixed forests[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2014, 34(5): 70-74.

[76]

王凌云, 喻荣岗, 万佳蕾, 等. 马尾松纯林与枫香木荷混交林土壤微生态环境差异分析[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2015, 35(12): 82-86.

WANG

L Y

, YU

R G

, WAN

J L

, et al. Variation analysis on soil micro-eco-environment of Pinus massoniana pure forest and Liquidambar formosana + Schima superba mixed forest[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2015, 35(12): 82-86.

[77]

林德喜, 樊后保, 苏兵强, 等. 马尾松林下套种阔叶树土壤理化性质的研究[J]. 土壤学报, 2004, 41(4): 655-659.

LIN

D X

, FAN

H B

, SUN

B Q

, et al. Effect of interplantation of broad-leaved trees in Pinus massoniana forest on physical and chemical properties of the soil[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinice, 2004, 41(4): 655-659.

[78]

陈永康, 谭许脉, 李萌, 等. 珍贵固氮树种降香黄檀与二代巨尾桉混交种植对土壤微生物群落结构和功能的影响[J]. 广西植物, 2021, 41(9): 1476-1485.

CHEN

Y K

, TAN

X M

, LI

, et al. Effects of mixture of valuable nitrogen-fixing tree species Dalbergia odorifera and second-generation Eucalyptus urophylla on structure and function of soil microbial community in subtropical China[J]. Guihaia, 2021, 41(9): 1476-1485.

[79]

姜俊, 刘宪钊, 贾宏炎, 等. 杉木人工林近自然化改造对林下植被多样性和土壤理化性质的影响[J]. 北京林业大学学报, 2019, 41(5): 170-177.

JIANG

, LIU

X Z

, JIA

H Y

, et al. Effects of stand density on understory species diversity and soil physicochemical properties after close-to-nature transformation management of Chinese fir plantation[J]. Journal of Beijing Forestry University, 2019, 41(5): 170-177.

[80]

JIANG

Y M

, LYU

M K

, LU

Y M

, et al. Lignin-microbial necromass carbon coupling drives the vertical stratification mechanism of deep soil carbon sequestration in subtropical forests[J]. Journal of Applied Ecology, 2025, 62(12): 3550-3564.

[81]

杨凯, 朱教君, 张金鑫, 等. 不同林龄落叶松人工林土壤微生物生物量碳氮的季节变化[J]. 生态学报, 2009, 29(10): 5500-5507.

YANG

, ZHU

J J

, ZHANG

J X

, et al. Seasonal dynamics of soil microbial biomass C and N in two larch plantation forests with different ages in northeastern China[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2009, 29(10): 5500-5507.

[82]

刘旭军, 田慧霞, 程小琴, 等. 凋落物处理对不同林龄华北落叶松针阔混交林土壤磷组分的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2019, 38(10): 3024-3032.

LIU

X J

, TIAN

H X

, CHENG

X Q

, et al. Effects of litter manipulation on soil phosphorus fractions in Larix principis-rupprechtii conifer and broadleaved forests at different ages[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2019, 38(10): 3024-3032.

[83]

张瑞, 温达志, 张玲玲, 等. 南亚热带桉树混交林土壤酶活性及其化学计量比特征[J]. 热带亚热带植物学报, 2026, 34(2): 125-134.

ZHANG

, WEN

D Z

, ZHANG

L L

, et al. Soil enzyme activity and stoichiometry of Eucalyptus mixed plantations in subtropical China[J]. Journal of Tropical and Subtropical Botany, 2026, 34(2): 125-134.

[84]

万仁平, 唐剑东, 何博, 等. 巨桉皆伐迹地营造混交林对土壤胞外酶及化学计量的影响[J]. 土壤学报, 2025, 62(6): 1888-1901.

WAN

R P

, TANG

J D

, HE

, et al. Effects of constructing mixed forests on extracellular enzyme activities and stoichiometry in soil after clear-cutting of Eucalyptus grandis[J]. Acta Pedologica Sinica, 2025, 62(6): 1888-1901.

[85]

王曼, 姜永孟, 张世良, 等. 树种混交对侵蚀退化地马尾松林土壤酶活性和碳利用效率的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2024, 38(6): 264-272.

WANG

, JIANG

Y M

, ZHANG

S L

, et al. Effects of mixing tree species on soil enzyme activity and carbon-use efficiency in eroded Masson pine forest[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conserv ation, 2024, 38(6): 264-272.

[86]

邵文哲, 周晓果, 温远光, 等. 桉树与红锥混交对土壤水解酶活性及其化学计量特征的影响[J]. 广西植物, 2022, 42(4): 543-555.

SHAO

W Z

, ZHOU

X G

, WEN

Y G

, et al. Effect of mixing Eucalyptus and Castanopsis hystrix on soil hydrolytic enzyme activities and ecoenzymatic stoichiometry[J]. Guihaia, 2022, 42(4): 543-555.

[87]

胡靓达, 李远发, 周海菊, 等. 细叶云南松混交林土壤微生物群落功能特性及与林分结构关系的研究[J]. 西北林学院学报, 2022, 37(3): 16-23.

J D

, LI

Y F

, ZHOU

H J

, et al. Relationships between soil microbial community function and stand structure of Pinus yunnanensis var. tenuifolia mixed forests[J]. Journal of Northwest Forestry University, 2022, 37(3): 16-23.

[88]

秦佳琪. 针阔人工混交林及其纯林对土壤碳循环功能基因相对丰度与功能微生物群落组成的影响[D]. 南宁: 广西大学, 2024.

QIN

J Q

. Effect of monoculture and mixed plantation with coniferous and broadleaved tree on the relative abundance of functional genes and functional microbial community composition of soil carbon cycling[D]. Nanning: Guangxi University, 2024.

[89]

喻理飞, 朱守谦, 叶镜中, 等. 退化喀斯特森林自然恢复过程中群落动态研究[J]. 林业科学, 2002, 38(1): 1-7.

L F

, ZHU

S Q

, YE

J Z

, et al. Dynamics of a degraded karst forest in the process of natural restoration[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2002, 38(1): 1-7.

[90]

李万年, 罗益敏, 黄则月, 等. 望天树人工幼林混交对土壤微生物功能多样性与碳源利用的影响[J]. 植物生态学报, 2022, 46(9): 1109-1124.

W N

, LUO

Y M

, HUANG

Z Y

, et al. Effects of mixed young plantations of Parashorea chinensis on soil microbial functional diversity and carbon source utilization[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2022, 46(9): 1109-1124.

[91]

王慧钦, 吕茂奎, 姜永孟, 等. 松阔混交对侵蚀退化地土壤有机碳和微生物群落结构的影响[J]. 中国水土保持科学(中英文), 2024, 22(1): 12-20.

HUANG

H Q

, LYU

M K

, JIANG

Y M

, et al. Effect of coniferous and broadleaf tree mixture on soil organic carbon and microbial community composition in eroded and degraded lands[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation, 2024, 22(1): 12-20.

[92]

李延茂, 胡江春, 张晶, 等. 杉木连栽土壤微生物多样性的比较研究[J]. 应用生态学报, 2005, 16(7): 1275-1278.

Y M

, HU

J C

, ZHANG

, et al. Microbial diversity in continuously planted Chinese fir soil[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2005, 16(7): 1275-1278.

[93]

黄雪蔓, 刘世荣, 尤业明. 固氮树种对第二代桉树人工林土壤微生物生物量和结构的影响[J]. 林业科学研究, 2014, 27(5): 612-620.

HUANG

X M

, LIU

S R

, YOU

Y M

, et al. Effects of N-fixing tree species on soil microbial biomass and community structure of the second rotation Eucalyptus plantations[J]. Forest Research, 2014, 27(5): 612-620.

[94]

张美曼, 范少辉, 官凤英, 等. 竹阔混交林土壤微生物生物量及酶活性特征研究[J]. 土壤, 2020, 52(1): 97-105.

ZHANG

M M

, FAN

S H

, GUAN

F Y

, et al. Study on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities in mixed forest of bamboo and broad-leaved trees[J]. Soils, 2020, 52(1): 97-105.

[95]

王薪琪, 韩轶, 王传宽. 帽儿山不同林龄落叶阔叶林土壤微生物生物量及其季节动态[J]. 植物生态学报, 2017, 41(6): 597-609.

WANG

X Q

, HAN

, WANG

C K

, et al. Soil microbial biomass and its seasonality in deciduous broadleaved forests with different stand ages in the Mao'ershan region, northeast China[J]. Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology, 2017, 41(6): 597-609.

[96]

CLEVELAND

, LIPTZIN

. C∶N∶P stoichiometry in soil: is there a “Redfield ratio” for the microbial biomass?[J]. Biogeochemistry, 2007, 85(3): 235-252.

[97]

LUO

H Q

, YU

J L

, LI

R X

, et al. Microbial biomass C∶N∶P as a better indicator than soil and ecoenzymatic C∶N∶P for microbial nutrient limitation and C dynamics in Zoige Plateau peatland soils[J]. International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation, 2022, 175: 105492.

[98]

管鸿智, 黄荣珍, 朱丽琴, 等. 红壤区不同生态恢复林分的土壤微生物群落差异[J]. 森林与环境学报, 2023, 43(2): 177-184.

GUAN

H Z

, HUANG

R Z

, ZHU

L Q

, et al. Differences in soil microbial communities in different ecological restoration forests in red soil regions[J]. Journal of Forest and Environment, 2023, 43(2): 177-184.

[99]

邓娇娇, 周永斌, 杨立新, 等. 落叶松和水曲柳带状混交对土壤微生物群落功能多样性的影响[J]. 生态学杂志, 2016, 35(10): 2684-2691.

DENG

J J

, ZHOU

Y B

, YANG

L X

, et al. Effects of mixed Fraxinus mandshurica and Larix olgensis plantation on the function diversity of soil microbial community[J]. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2016, 35(10): 2684-2691.

[100]

K J

, WANG

J Y

, ZHOU

Z H

, et al. Nitrogen enrichment reverses microbial biomass-function relationships over time in a global meta-analysis[J]. Global Change Biology, 2025, 31: e70514.

[101]

LIU

Z X

, GU

H D

, HU

X J

, et al. Enhancing microbial carbon use efficiency in organic rice farming through improved soil nutrient availability and microbial resource acquisition strategies[J]. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 2026, 397: 110097.

[102]

TAO

S Q

, VEEN

G F

, ZHANG

N L

, et al. Tree and shrub richness modifies subtropical tree productivity by regulating the diversity and community composition of soil bacteria and archaea[J]. Microbiome, 2023, 11(1): 261.

[103]

ZHANG

D J

, LI

J J

, HUANG

Y M

, et al. Root-soil facilitation in mixed Eucalyptus grandis plantations including nitrogen-fixing species[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2022, 516: 120215.

[104]

LIU

S J

, WU

J D

, CHENG

, et al. Microbe-mediated stress resistance in plants: the roles played by core and stress-specific microbiota[J]. Microbiome, 2025, 13(1): 111.

[105]

ZHOU

S Y D

, LIE

Z Y

, LEI

C T

, et al. Multi-scale evidence for declining microbial carbon fixation along forest succession gradients[J]. ISME Journal: Multidisciplinary Journal of Microbial Ecology, 2025, 19(1): wraf191.

[106]

CHEN

R J

, GUO

X L

, GE

Y X

, et al. Tree species mixing effects on the radial growth of Pinus massoniana and Castanopsis hystrix: a comparison between even-aged and uneven-aged stands[J]. Forest Ecology and Management, 2024, 566: 122058.

[107]

冯沛. 红锥纯林和混交林生长效应对比分析[J]. 农村科学实验, 2025(20): 136-138.

FENG

. Comparative analysis of growth effects between pure forest and mixed forest of Castanopsis hystrix[J]. Rural Scientific Experiment, 2025(20): 136-138.

[108]

王思琪, 田佳歆, 董利虎. 不同比例长白落叶松-水曲柳混交林碳氮磷化学计量特征研究[J]. 西南林业大学学报(自然科学), 2025, 45(2): 132-141.

WANG

S Q

, TIAN

J X

, DONG

L H

, et al. Stoichiometric characteristics of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus in mixed plantation of Larix olgensis-Fraxinus mandshurica under different mixed proportions[J]. Journal of Southwest University (Natural Science), 2025, 45(2): 132-141.

[109]

赵保国. 木林子国家级自然保护区生态系统服务功能与价值研究[D]. 恩施: 湖北民族大学, 2022.

ZHAO

B G

. Study on ecosystem service function and value of Mulinzi national nature reserve[D]. Enshi: Hubei Minzu University, 2022.

[110]

MISHRA

A K

, SUDALAIMUTHUASARI

, HAZZOURI

, et al. Tapping into plant-microbiome interactions through the lens of multi-omics techniques[J]. Cells, 2022, 11(20): 3254.

[111]

杨立学. 地下因子驱动的人工混交林生产力提高机制[J]. 中南林业科技大学学报, 2024, 44(11): 1-10.

YANG

L X

. Productivity improvement mechanism of mixed forest plantations driven by underground factors[J]. Journal of Central South University of Forestry & Technology, 2024, 44(11): 1-10.

[112]

FAN

X Y

, GE

A H

, QI

S S

, et al. Root exudates and microbial metabolites: signals and nutrients in plant-microbe interactions[J]. Science China Life Sciences, 2025, 68: 2290-2302.

[113]

TSAI

H H

, TANG

, JIANG

, et al. Localized glutamine leakage drives the spatial structure of root microbial colonization[J]. Science, 2025, 390: eadu4235.

[114]

蔡秀亭, 吕洁华, 王成齐. 中国森林生态安全空间关联的网络特征及其驱动机制[J]. 自然资源学报, 2022, 37(8): 2137-2152.

CAI

X T

, LYU

J H

, WANG

C Q

. The network characteristics and driving mechanism of the spatial correlation of forest ecological security in China[J]. Journal of Natural Resources, 2022, 37(8): 2137-2152.

[115]

YUE

, XU

Z H

, WANG

Y J

, et al. Soil-dwelling Naegleria enhances plant performance by stimulating beneficial bacterial functions in the rhizosphere[J]. Nature Communications, 2025, 16: 9079.

[116]

CHENG

S S

, XUE

W F

, GONG

, et al. Reconciling plant and microbial ecological strategies to elucidate cover crop effects on soil carbon and nitrogen cycling[J]. Journal of Ecology, 2024, 112: 2901-2916.

[117]

MALIK

A A

, MARTINY

J B H

, BRODIE

E L

, et al. Defining trait-based microbial strategies with consequences for soil carbon cycling under climate change[J]. ISME Journal, 2020, 14: 1-9.

[118]

刘世荣, 杨予静, 王晖. 中国人工林经营发展战略与对策: 从追求木材产量的单一目标经营转向提升生态系统服务质量和效益的多目标经营[J]. 生态学报, 2018, 38(1): 1-10.

LIU

S R

, YANG

Y J

, WANG

. Development strategy and management countermeasures of planted forests in China: transforming from timber-centered single objective management towards multi-purpose management for enhancing quality and benefits of ecosystem services[J]. Acta Ecologica Sinica, 2018, 38(1): 1-10.

[119]

GONG

H Y

, WANG

H X

, WANG

, et al. Topological change of soil microbiota networks for forest resilience under global warming[J]. Physics of Life Reviews, 2025, 50: 228-251.

2026年第46卷第6期

PDF下载

引用本文

BibTeX

文章信息

doi: 10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.06.001

接收时间：2026-02-04
首发时间：2026-10-30
出版时间：2026-06-25

补充材料

相关文章

文章信息

作者

出版历史

收稿日期：2026-02-04
修回日期：2026-05-14

基金

国家自然科学基金项目(U23A20154)

作者信息

^1.中南林业科技大学　生态环境学院，湖南　长沙　410004

^2.湖南会同杉木林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站，湖南　会同　438107

参考文献

分享链接

https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/znlykj/CN/10.14067/j.cnki.1673-923x.2026.06.001

分享至

全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文

BibTeX

本文的引用情况

2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

关闭全屏

BibTeX
EndNote
RefWorks
TxT