智能化农业装备学报（中英文）

油莎豆高效低损机械收获技术研究现状与趋势

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赵越云 ¹^,² , 王鹏 ² , 杜新武 ¹^,² , 金鑫 ¹^,²^,^*^,^* , 肖利强 ¹^,² , 王淑嵩 ²

智能化农业装备学报（中英文） | 2025,6(4): 24-39

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智能化农业装备学报（中英文） | 2025 , 6 (4) : 24 -39

油莎豆高效低损机械收获技术研究现状与趋势

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赵越云¹^,², 王鹏², 杜新武¹^,², 金鑫¹^,²^,^*^,^*, 肖利强¹^,², 王淑嵩²

作者信息

^1.河南科技大学农业装备工程学院，河南洛阳，471000

^2.龙门实验室农机装备产业研究院，河南洛阳，471000

通讯作者:

^* 金鑫，男，1986年生，河南信阳人，博士，教授；研究方向为成套智能农机装备设计与研发。E-mail：jx.771@163.com

作者简介:

赵越云，男，1986年生，河南兰考人，中级工程师；研究方向为农业机械装备设计。E-mail：zhaoyueyun@126.com

Research status and trend of high-efficiency and low-damage mechanical harvesting technology for Cyperus esculentus

Yueyun ZHAO¹^,², Peng WANG², Xinwu DU¹^,², Xin JIN¹^,², Liqiang XIAO¹^,², Shusong WANG²

Affiliations

^1.School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China

^2.Agricultural Machinery Equipment Industry Research Institute, Longmen laboratory, Luoyang 471000, China

Corresponding Author:

^* JIN Xin, E-mail: jx.771@163.com

ZHAO Yueyun, E-mail: zhaoyueyun@126.com

出版时间: 2025-11-15 doi: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2025.04.003

文章导航

摘要

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油莎豆是一种集粮、油、牧、饲于一体的新兴绿色经济作物，抗旱节水，高产稳产，可在生态保护、农民增收、产业扶贫等领域发挥重要作用。尽管油莎豆具有诸多优势，其产业发展却面临着一个关键瓶颈——收获难题。由于缺乏先进的适用收获装备，油莎豆的种植规模增长缓慢，机械化收获水平较低，这已成为制约整个产业链高质量发展的主要障碍。这一问题不仅影响了油莎豆的经济效益，也限制了其在农业现代化进程中的应用。本研究从近年来国内外学者发表的有关油莎豆收获技术领域的研究出发，针对油莎豆种植特点及联合收获作业要求，分析了收获装备挖掘技术、输运技术和筛分技术等方面的研究进展和存在问题，例如，作业效率低下、损失率较高以及适应性较差等，这些问题的存在严重影响了油莎豆的机械化收获效果。此外，从结构设计、优化改进及适用性的角度出发，提炼了油莎豆收获关键环节的技术瓶颈和突破方向，包括挖掘装置的高效性和低损性，输运系统的稳定性和可靠性，筛分技术的清洁度和效率等。这些技术发展方向能够为进一步优化改进现有收获技术和创制新型收获装备提供借鉴，推动机械化收获在油莎豆生产中的广泛应用。这不仅有助于扩大油莎豆的种植规模，还能提高农民的生产效率和收入水平，为产业扶贫提供新的经济增长点。

关键词

油莎豆 / 收获装备 / 低损挖掘 / 高效输运 / 筛分清选

Abstract

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Cyperus esculentus is an emerging green economic crop that integrates grain, oil, forage, and feed production. It is drought-resistant, water-saving, high-yielding, and stable in production, making it highly valuable for ecological protection, increasing farmers' income, and poverty alleviation efforts. Although Cyperus esculentus has many advantages, its industrial development is facing a key bottleneck-the problem of harvesting. Due to the lack of advanced and applicable harvesting equipment, the planting scale of Cyperus esculentus grows slowly, and the level of mechanized harvesting is relatively low. This has become a major obstacle restricting the high-quality development of the entire industrial chain. This problem not only affects the economic benefits of Cyperus esculentus, but also limits its application in the process of agricultural modernization. This paper starts from the research published by domestic and international scholars in recent years on tiger nut harvesting technology. Focusing on the cultivation characteristics of Cyperus esculentus and the requirements for combined harvesting operations, it analyzes the research progress and existing issues in aspects such as digging technologies, conveying technologies, and screening technologies of harvesting equipment. For instance, there are issues like low operation efficiency, high loss rate, and poor adaptability, which seriously affect the mechanized harvesting effect of Cyperus esculentus. Furthermore, from the angles of structural design, optimization and improvement, and applicability, this paper extracts the research trends and key issues in the critical technological aspects of tiger nut harvesting, including the high efficiency and low-loss of the digging device, the stability and reliability of the transporting system, and the cleanliness and efficiency of the screening technology, etc. The development direction of these technologies can provide reference for further optimizing and improving the existing harvesting technology and creating new types of harvesting equipment, thereby promoting the wide application of mechanized harvesting in the production of Cyperus esculentus. This not only helps to expand the planting scale of Cyperus esculentus, but also improves the production efficiency and income level of farmers, providing a new economic growth point for industrial poverty alleviation.

Key words

Cyperus esculentus / harvest equipment / low-loss digging / efficient transportation / screening and selection

引用本文

赵越云, 王鹏, 杜新武, 金鑫, 肖利强, 王淑嵩. 油莎豆高效低损机械收获技术研究现状与趋势. 智能化农业装备学报（中英文）, 2025 , 6 (4) : 24 -39 . DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2025.04.003

Yueyun ZHAO, Peng WANG, Xinwu DU, Xin JIN, Liqiang XIAO, Shusong WANG. Research status and trend of high-efficiency and low-damage mechanical harvesting technology for Cyperus esculentus[J]. Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization, 2025 , 6 (4) : 24 -39 . DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2025.04.003

基金

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河南省重大科技专项项目(龙门实验室拨投结合项目0000200024)
河南省重点研发专项(241112220200)

参考文献

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文献

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2025年第6卷第4期

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doi: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2025.04.003

接收时间：2025-08-07
首发时间：2026-11-05
出版时间：2025-11-15

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收稿日期：2025-08-07
修回日期：2025-09-09

基金

Henan Province Major Science and Technology Special Project(龙门实验室拨投结合项目0000200024)

河南省重大科技专项项目(龙门实验室拨投结合项目0000200024)

Henan Province Key Research and Development Project(241112220200)

河南省重点研发专项(241112220200)

作者信息

^1.河南科技大学农业装备工程学院，河南洛阳，471000

^2.龙门实验室农机装备产业研究院，河南洛阳，471000

通讯作者:

^* 金鑫，男，1986年生，河南信阳人，博士，教授；研究方向为成套智能农机装备设计与研发。E-mail：jx.771@163.com

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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