智能化农业装备学报（中英文）

农业低空技术及装备现状与未来发展趋势

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王国宾 ¹^,²^,³ , 方通政 ¹^,²^,³ , 陈盛德 ⁴^,⁵ , 马聪 ⁶ , 薛新宇 ⁷ , 兰玉彬 ¹^,²^,³^,⁴^,⁵^,^*^,^*

智能化农业装备学报（中英文） | 2026,7(2): 51-65

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智能化农业装备学报（中英文） | 2026 , 7 (2) : 51 -65

农业低空技术及装备现状与未来发展趋势

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王国宾¹^,²^,³, 方通政¹^,²^,³, 陈盛德⁴^,⁵, 马聪⁶, 薛新宇⁷, 兰玉彬¹^,²^,³^,⁴^,⁵^,^*^,^*

作者信息

^1.山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院，山东淄博，255049

^2.山东理工大学生态无人农场研究院，山东淄博，255049

^3.国家精准农业航空施药技术国际联合研究中心山东理工大学分中心，山东淄博，255049

^4.华南农业大学人工智能与低空技术学院，广东广州，510642

^5.国家精准农业航空施药技术国际联合研究中心，广东广州，510642

^6.宁夏农林科学院农业经济与信息技术研究所，宁夏银川，750000

^7.农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所，江苏南京，210014

通讯作者:

^* 兰玉彬，男，1961年生，吉林农安人，博士，教授；研究方向为精准农业航空技术与装备。E-mail：ylan@scau.edu.cn

作者简介:

王国宾，男，1991年生，山东莱芜人，博士，副教授；研究方向为精准农业航空技术与装备。E-mail：guobinwang@sdut.edu.cn

Current status and future development trends of low-altitude agricultural technology and equipment

Guobin Wang¹^,²^,³, Tongzheng Fang¹^,²^,³, Shengde Chen⁴^,⁵, Cong Ma⁶, Xinyu Xue⁷, Yubin Lan¹^,²^,³^,⁴^,⁵

Affiliations

^1.College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China

^2.Academy of Ecological Unmanned Farm, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255049, China

^3.College of Artificial Intelligence and Low-Altitude Technology, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China

^4.Shandong University of Technology Sub-center of National Center for International Collaboration Research on Precision Agricultural Aviation Pesticide Spraying Technology, Zibo 255049, China

^5.National Center for International Collaboration Research on Precision Agriculnural Aviation Pesticide Spraying Technology, Guangzhou 510642, China

^6.Institute of Agricultural Economy and Information Technology, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Yinchuan 750000, China

^7.Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China

Corresponding Author:

^* Lan Yubin, E-mail: ylan@scau.edu.cn

Wang Guobin, E-mail: guobinwang@sdut.edu.cn

出版时间: 2026-05-15 doi: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2026.02.005

文章导航

摘要

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随着低空经济被纳入国家战略性新兴产业，农业低空技术与装备在农业生产中的应用不断深化，已成为推动农业现代化与智慧农业发展的重要支撑。研究围绕农业低空技术与装备的发展现状与趋势，系统梳理我国在政策体系、关键技术及典型应用场景方面的研究进展。首先，从低空飞行平台与智能控制技术角度，总结多旋翼、单旋翼及复合翼无人机的发展现状及其在动力系统、飞控算法与导航定位等方面的关键技术演进，围绕低空通信、云端管控与多机协同，归纳农业低空智能管控技术的发展现状；其次，围绕农业低空感知与精准作业技术，重点分析无人机低空遥感在作物监测中的应用，以及精准施药与精准撒播技术的发展路径与核心技术体系，指出变量作业、智能控制已成为精准作业研究的关键方向。结合农业低空装备检测评价与标准体系建设，分析当前在作业规范、质量评价及系统化标准方面存在的不足。研究表明，农业低空技术虽在作业效率与资源利用方面展现出显著优势，但仍面临装备适配性不足、复杂环境下作业稳定性不高、多源信息融合与智能决策能力有待提升以及标准体系尚不完善等问题。未来，应重点加强多源感知融合、智能控制与数据驱动决策技术研究，完善标准与评价体系，推动农业低空技术向精准化、智能化与规模化方向发展。研究可为农业低空技术研究、装备研发及政策制定提供参考。

关键词

农业低空装备 / 农用无人机 / 低空感知 / 精准作业 / 智能管控

Abstract

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As the low-altitude economy joins the ranks of national strategic emerging industries, the integration of low-altitude agricultural technology and equipment into agricultural production continues to deepen, serving as a cornerstone for promoting agricultural modernization and intelligent agriculture. This paper systematically evaluates the development status and future trends of low-altitude agricultural technology and equipment in China, focusing on policy frameworks, key technologies, and typical application scenarios. First, from the perspective of aerial platforms and intelligent control, the paper summarizes the current development of multi-rotor, single-rotor, and hybrid unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and traces the evolution of key technologies in power systems, flight control algorithms, and navigation positioning. Concurrently, the progress of intelligent control technologies is outlined with an emphasis on low-altitude communication, cloud-based management, and multi-UAV coordination. Second, regarding low-altitude sensing and precision operations, the paper highlights the applications of UAV-based remote sensing in crop monitoring, alongside the technological pathways of precision spraying and broadcast sowing, identifying variable-rate operations and intelligent control as pivotal research frontiers. Finally, by examinging the inspection and evaluation systems and standardization frameworks of low-altitude agricultural equipment, the paper identifies existing challenges in operational specifications, quality evaluation, and systematic standards. The analysis reveals that although low-altitude agricultural technology offers significant advantages in operational efficiency and resource utilization, it remains constrained by insufficient equipment adaptability, limited operational stability in complex environments, inadequate multi-source information fusion and weak intelligent decision-making capabilities, and incomplete standard systems. Future research should prioritize multi-source sensing fusion, intelligent control, and data-driven decision-making technologies, while improving standard and evaluation systems, to promote the development of low-altitude agricultural technology toward precision, intelligence, and large-scale applications. This study provides a reference for research, equipment development, and policymaking in the field of low-altitude agriculture.

Key words

low-altitude agricultural equipment / agricultural UAV / low-altitude sensing / precision operations / intelligent management and control

引用本文

王国宾, 方通政, 陈盛德, 马聪, 薛新宇, 兰玉彬. 农业低空技术及装备现状与未来发展趋势. 智能化农业装备学报（中英文）, 2026 , 7 (2) : 51 -65 . DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2026.02.005

Guobin Wang, Tongzheng Fang, Shengde Chen, Cong Ma, Xinyu Xue, Yubin Lan. Current status and future development trends of low-altitude agricultural technology and equipment[J]. Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization, 2026 , 7 (2) : 51 -65 . DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2026.02.005

基金

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宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2024BBF01013)
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2000200)

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2026年第7卷第2期

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doi: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2026.02.005

接收时间：2026-04-23
首发时间：2026-11-05
出版时间：2026-05-15

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出版历史

收稿日期：2026-04-23
修回日期：2026-05-08

基金

Ningxia Key Research and Development Plan(2024BBF01013)

宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划项目(2024BBF01013)

National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFD2000200)

国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2000200)

作者信息

^1.山东理工大学农业工程与食品科学学院，山东淄博，255049

^2.山东理工大学生态无人农场研究院，山东淄博，255049

^3.国家精准农业航空施药技术国际联合研究中心山东理工大学分中心，山东淄博，255049

^4.华南农业大学人工智能与低空技术学院，广东广州，510642

^5.国家精准农业航空施药技术国际联合研究中心，广东广州，510642

^6.宁夏农林科学院农业经济与信息技术研究所，宁夏银川，750000

^7.农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所，江苏南京，210014

通讯作者:

^* 兰玉彬，男，1961年生，吉林农安人，博士，教授；研究方向为精准农业航空技术与装备。E-mail：ylan@scau.edu.cn

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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