智能化农业装备学报（中英文）

海南大叶茶种质资源研究与鉴定评价

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胡云彬 ¹^,²^,³^,⁴ , 王星画 ¹ , 苏凡 ¹^,²^,³^,^*^,^*

智能化农业装备学报（中英文） | 2026,7(1): 158-166

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智能化农业装备学报（中英文） | 2026 , 7 (1) : 158 -166

海南大叶茶种质资源研究与鉴定评价

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胡云彬¹^,²^,³^,⁴, 王星画¹, 苏凡¹^,²^,³^,^*^,^*

作者信息

^1.中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所，海南万宁，571533

^2.农业农村部香辛饮料作物遗传资源利用重点实验室，海南万宁，571533

^3.海南省热带香辛饮料作物遗传改良与品质调控重点实验室，海南万宁，571533

^4.云南农业大学热带作物学院，云南普洱，665000

通讯作者:

^* 苏凡，女，1992年生，海南定安人，硕士，助理研究员；研究方向为香料饮料植物资源收集与利用。E-mail：xyssufan@163.com

作者简介:

胡云彬，女，2003年生，云南昭通人；研究方向为海南大叶茶资源收集与鉴定。E-mail：2473136861@qq.com

Research and evaluation of germplasm resources of Camellia sinensis var. assamica in Hainan

Yunbin HU¹^,²^,³^,⁴, Xinghua WANG¹, Fan SU¹^,²^,³

Affiliations

^1.Spice and Beverage Research Institute, CATAS, Wanning 571533, China

^2.Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning 571533, China

^3.Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Quality Regulation for Tropical Spice and Beverage Crops of Hainan Province, Wanning 571533, China

^4.Tropical crops college, Yunnan Agricultural University, Puer 665000, China

Corresponding Author:

^* SU Fan, E-mail: xyssufan@163.com

HU Yunbin, E-mail: 2473136861@qq.com

出版时间: 2026-02-15 doi: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2026.01.017

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摘要

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本研究以海南省7个地区60份海南大叶茶（Camellia sinensis var．assamica）种质为材料，系统调查了28个表型性状（包括19个质量性状和9个数量性状），并采用多样性分析、相关性分析、主成分分析及K-means聚类等方法，全面评价其形态变异与遗传多样性。结果表明：海南大叶茶种质具有丰富的表型变异，9个数量性状多样性指数平均为4.13，19个质量性状平均为4.29，其中芽长、一芽两叶长和叶基等性状变异尤为突出。性状间存在复杂关联，叶长与叶脉对数、芽叶茸毛呈显著正相关，叶形与叶尖、叶齿密度与锐度呈负相关。主成分分析提取的前9个主成分累计方差贡献率达76.77%，分别表征叶片形态、树型结构、果实形状等关键性状组合。聚类分析将60份种质划分为5个表型类群，各类群特征差异明显，与生态适应性相关。本研究构建的表型数据库为海南大叶茶种质资源保护、品种选育及茶园机械化生产如修剪设备优化、输送带防损伤设计等提供了重要的形态学依据。

关键词

海南大叶茶 / 表型性状 / 多样性分析 / 相关性 / 主成分分析 / 聚类分析

Abstract

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This study selected 60 accessions of Camellia sinensis var. assamica from 7 regions in Hainan Province as research materials. It systematically examined 28 phenotypic traits (comprising 19 qualitative traits and 9 quantitative traits) and comprehensively assessed their morphological variation and genetic diversity through diversity analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis, and K-means clustering. The findings indicated that the accessions of Camellia sinensis var. assamica in Hainan exhibited rich phenotypic variation with an average diversity index of 4.13 for the 9 quantitative traits and 4.29 for the 19 qualitative traits. Among these traits, the variations in bud length, the length of one bud with two leaves, and leaf base were especially notable. There were intricate correlations among the traits. Leaf length was significantly and positively correlated with the number of leaf veins and bud-leaf trichomes, whereas leaf shape was negatively correlated with leaf tip, leaf tooth density, and sharpness. The cumulative variance contribution rate of the first 9 principal components extracted by principal component analysis was 76.77%, which respectively represented key trait combinations such as leaf morphology, tree structure, and fruit shape. The clustering analysis classified the 60 accessions into 5 phenotypic groups, and the characteristics of each group differed significantly, which were associated with ecological adaptability. The phenotypic database established in this study provided an important morphological foundation for the conservation of Camellia sinensis var. assamica germplasm resources in Hainan, variety breeding, and mechanized production in tea gardens, such as the optimization of pruning equipment and the design of conveyor belts to prevent damage.

Key words

Camellia sinensis var. assamica in Hainan / phenotypic traits / analysis of diversity / relevance assessment / principal component analysis (PCA) / cluster analysis

引用本文

胡云彬, 王星画, 苏凡. 海南大叶茶种质资源研究与鉴定评价. 智能化农业装备学报（中英文）, 2026 , 7 (1) : 158 -166 . DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2026.01.017

Yunbin HU, Xinghua WANG, Fan SU. Research and evaluation of germplasm resources of Camellia sinensis var. assamica in Hainan[J]. Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization, 2026 , 7 (1) : 158 -166 . DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2026.01.017

基金

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海南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(323QN274)

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2026年第7卷第1期

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文章信息

doi: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2026.01.017

接收时间：2025-06-07
首发时间：2026-11-03
出版时间：2026-02-15

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出版历史

收稿日期：2025-06-07
修回日期：2025-12-03

基金

Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(323QN274)

海南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(323QN274)

作者信息

^1.中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所，海南万宁，571533

^2.农业农村部香辛饮料作物遗传资源利用重点实验室，海南万宁，571533

^3.海南省热带香辛饮料作物遗传改良与品质调控重点实验室，海南万宁，571533

^4.云南农业大学热带作物学院，云南普洱，665000

通讯作者:

^* 苏凡，女，1992年生，海南定安人，硕士，助理研究员；研究方向为香料饮料植物资源收集与利用。E-mail：xyssufan@163.com

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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