智能化农业装备学报（中英文）

谷物联合收获清选技术研究进展及豆类收获适用性分析

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郭子怡 ¹^,²^,³ , 夏先飞 ¹^,²^,³^,^*^,^* , 陈伟 ¹^,²^,³ , 杨光 ¹^,²^,³ , 吴今姬 ¹^,²^,³ , 王申莹 ¹^,²^,³

智能化农业装备学报（中英文） | 2026,7(1): 105-117

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智能化农业装备学报（中英文） | 2026 , 7 (1) : 105 -117

谷物联合收获清选技术研究进展及豆类收获适用性分析

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郭子怡¹^,²^,³, 夏先飞¹^,²^,³^,^*^,^*, 陈伟¹^,²^,³, 杨光¹^,²^,³, 吴今姬¹^,²^,³, 王申莹¹^,²^,³

作者信息

^1.农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所，江苏南京，210014

^2.农业农村部现代农业装备重点实验室，江苏南京，210014

^3.苏州中农院华东农业科技中心，江苏苏州，215300

通讯作者:

^* 夏先飞，男，1987年生，重庆人，博士，研究员；研究方向为收获机械化及农业机器人技术。E-mail：xiaxianfei@caas.cn

作者简介:

郭子怡，女，2002年生，河北石家庄人，硕士研究生；研究方向为农业机械化工程。E-mail：13021897226@163.com

Research progress on grain combined harvesting and cleaning technology and analysis of its applicability to legume harvesting

Ziyi GUO¹^,²^,³, Xianfei XIA¹^,²^,³, Wei CHEN¹^,²^,³, Guang YANG¹^,²^,³, Jinji WU¹^,²^,³, Shenying WANG¹^,²^,³

Affiliations

^1.Nanjing Institute of Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China

^2.Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing 210014, China

^3.East China Agricultural Science and Technology Center, Suzhou 215300, China

Corresponding Author:

^* XIA Xianfei, E-mail: xiaxianfei@caas.cn

GUO Ziyi, E-mail: 13021897226@163.com

出版时间: 2026-02-15 doi: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2026.01.011

文章导航

摘要

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清选是谷物和豆类机械化收获过程中的重要工序，联合收获机中的清选装置是决定收获质量的关键部件。随着农业机械化水平的提高和豆类种植规模的扩大，谷物联合收获机在豆类收获过程中的不适配问题愈发突出，清选环节质量低、损失大，亟须研究适用于豆类收获的高效、高质、低损清选技术与装置。通过阐述国内外联合收获机清选装置整体研究进展以及在筛面结构、运动形式、风机结构等清选装置关键部件方面的研究成果，重点梳理了清选装置气流场、物料颗粒运动方面的研究方法与内容，总结了智能化技术在联合收获机清选装置过程监测与自适应调节方面的研究与应用情况，对谷物联合收获机清选技术研究进行了分析与总结；通过对比豆类与谷物在籽粒特性与杂质种类方面存在的不同，论述了豆类在联合收获清选作业中存在的易破损、清选损失高、脱出物含水率高等特殊点与难点，对谷物联合收获机清选技术在豆类收获的适用性进行分析，总结了当前适用于豆类清选的技术与装置；最后指出了现有联合收获机清选装置存在的清选效果不稳定、适应性与智能化水平低等问题，并针对现有问题对未来豆类联合收获机清选装置的发展趋势进行展望，相关研究成果可为联合收获机清选装置对豆类的适用性改进提供参考。

关键词

谷物 / 豆类 / 联合收获 / 清选装置 / 智能化 / 农业机械

Abstract

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Cleaning is a critical process in the mechanized harvesting of grains and legumes, with the cleaning device in combine harvesters being the key component determining harvest quality. As agricultural mechanization advances and legume cultivation expands, the mismatch between grain combine harvesters and legume harvesting has become increasingly prominent. This results in low cleaning quality and significant losses, urgently requiring research into efficient, high-quality, low-loss cleaning technologies and devices suitable for legume harvesting. By reviewing global research progress on combine harvester cleaning systems and key component developments, which include sieve structure, motion patterns, and fan design, this study systematically examines research methodologies and findings related to airflow dynamics and material particle movement within cleaning mechanisms. It summarizes the application of intelligent technologies for process monitoring and adaptive adjustment in combine harvester cleaning systems, providing an analytical overview of grain combine cleaning technology research. By contrasting differences in seed characteristics and impurity types between legumes and grains, this section discusses the unique challenges in legume harvesting, which include susceptibility to damage, high cleaning losses, and high moisture content in separated materials, and analyzes the applicability of grain combine cleaning technology to legume harvesting. It summarizes current cleaning technologies and devices suitable for legumes. Finally, it highlights existing issues with current combined cleaning devices, including unstable cleaning performance, low adaptability, and inadequate intelligence levels. Based on these challenges, it outlines future development trends for bean combine cleaning devices. The research findings provide valuable references for enhancing the suitability of combined cleaning systems for bean harvesting.

Key words

grains / legumes / combine harvesters / cleaning equipment / intelligent / agricultural machinery

引用本文

郭子怡, 夏先飞, 陈伟, 杨光, 吴今姬, 王申莹. 谷物联合收获清选技术研究进展及豆类收获适用性分析. 智能化农业装备学报（中英文）, 2026 , 7 (1) : 105 -117 . DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2026.01.011

Ziyi GUO, Xianfei XIA, Wei CHEN, Guang YANG, Jinji WU, Shenying WANG. Research progress on grain combined harvesting and cleaning technology and analysis of its applicability to legume harvesting[J]. Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization, 2026 , 7 (1) : 105 -117 . DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2026.01.011

基金

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国家自然科学基金（32472018）；国家重点研发计划（2021YFD1600602）；湖北省技术创新专项（2022BEC053）；财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系-食用豆（CARS-08）资助；新疆维吾尔自治区2025年农机研发制造推广应用一体化试点项目（YTHSD2025-08）

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2026年第7卷第1期

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doi: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2026.01.011

接收时间：2025-08-14
首发时间：2026-11-03
出版时间：2026-02-15

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收稿日期：2025-08-14
修回日期：2026-01-05

基金

国家自然科学基金（32472018）；国家重点研发计划（2021YFD1600602）；湖北省技术创新专项（2022BEC053）；财政部和农业农村部：国家现代农业产业技术体系-食用豆（CARS-08）资助；新疆维吾尔自治区2025年农机研发制造推广应用一体化试点项目（YTHSD2025-08）

作者信息

^1.农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所，江苏南京，210014

^2.农业农村部现代农业装备重点实验室，江苏南京，210014

^3.苏州中农院华东农业科技中心，江苏苏州，215300

通讯作者:

^* 夏先飞，男，1987年生，重庆人，博士，研究员；研究方向为收获机械化及农业机器人技术。E-mail：xiaxianfei@caas.cn

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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