智能化农业装备学报（中英文）

海南大叶茶种质资源品质性状的多样性分析

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苏凡 ¹^,²^,³ , 赵雅琦 ¹ , 胡云彬 ⁴ , 顾文亮 ¹^,^*^,^*

智能化农业装备学报（中英文） | 2025,6(4): 103-110

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智能化农业装备学报（中英文） | 2025 , 6 (4) : 103 -110

海南大叶茶种质资源品质性状的多样性分析

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苏凡¹^,²^,³, 赵雅琦¹, 胡云彬⁴, 顾文亮¹^,^*^,^*

作者信息

^1.中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所，海南万宁，571533

^2.农业农村部香辛饮料作物遗传资源利用重点实验室，海南万宁，571533

^3.海南省热带香辛饮料作物遗传改良与品质调控重点实验室，海南万宁，571533

^4.云南农业大学热带作物学院，云南普洱，665000

通讯作者:

^* 顾文亮，1984年生，湖北黄石人，博士，副研究员；研究方向为茶树植物资源收集与利用。E-mail：gwl84@126.com

作者简介:

苏凡，女，1992年生，海南定安人，硕士，助理研究员；研究方向为香料饮料植物资源收集与利用。E-mail：xyssufan@163.com

Quality traits diversity analysis of Camellia Sinensis var. assamica in Hainan germplasm resources

Fan SU¹^,²^,³, Yaqi ZHAO¹, Yunbin HU⁴, Wenliang GU¹

Affiliations

^1.Spice and Beverage Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Wanning 571533, China

^2.Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources Utilization of Spice and Beverage Crops, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wanning 571533, China

^3.Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Genetic Improvement and Quality Regulation for Tropical Spice and Beverage Crops, Wanning 571533, China

^4.Tropical Crops College, Yunnan Agricultural University, Puer 665000, China

Corresponding Author:

^* GU Wenliang, E-mail: gwl84@126.com

SU Fan, E-mail: xyssufan@163.com

出版时间: 2025-11-15 doi: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2025.04.010

文章导航

摘要

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海南大叶茶是海南极具代表性的本土重要茶树种质资源，对推动海南茶产业发展意义重大。为深入挖掘其生物资源和经济价值，研究以50份海南大叶茶种质为材料，对水浸出物、咖啡碱、茶氨酸、茶多酚、酚氨比5个品质性状展开研究。研究结果显示，海南大叶茶种质资源具有丰富的遗传多样性，5个品质性状平均变异系数达16.87%，平均多样性指数为3.984，且变异系数以咖啡碱最高47.44%，酚氨比最低0.22%。性状相关性分析表明，水浸出物与咖啡碱、茶多酚及酚氨比呈极显著正相关，茶氨酸与茶多酚及酚氨比呈负相关。主成分分析提取出两个主成分，累积贡献率为79.12%，涵盖了基础品质和风味特异性的关键指标。适制性分析发现，海南大叶茶酚氨比均小于8，整体适合发展绿茶。其中，万宁地区的茶氨酸含量高、酚氨比低，适制高鲜爽型绿茶；五指山的茶多酚含量高，在红茶和黑茶制作方面潜力较大；陵水吊罗山的咖啡碱含量较高，适宜发展乌龙茶。聚类分析将种质分为4个类群，第二、四类群（中等及中下水平）占比76%，第一类群（高含量组）和第三类群（低含量组）可作为定向育种的互补材料。综上所述，海南大叶茶在茶叶品种选育、加工工艺优化和特色茶产品开发等方面潜力巨大。未来应结合遗传标记分析深入解析其品质性状遗传基础，并通过感官审评验证制茶品质，以实现资源的精准利用，推动海南茶产业高质量发展。

关键词

海南大叶茶 / 种质资源 / 品质性状 / 遗传多样性

Abstract

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Camellia Sinensis var. assamica in Hainan serves as a representative and critical local germplasm resource in Hainan, playing a pivotal role in the development of the Hainan tea industry. To further explore its biological resources and economic value, 50 samples of Camellia Sinensis var. assamica germplasm were analyzed based on five quality traits: water extract, caffeine, theanine, tea polyphenols, and the phenol-ammonia ratio. The results indicate that the germplasm resources of Camellia Sinensis var. assamica possess rich genetic diversity. The average coefficient of variation for the five quality traits was 16.87%, with an average diversity index of 3.984. Caffeine exhibited the highest coefficient of variation at 47.44%, while the phenol-ammonia ratio had the lowest at 0.22%. Correlation analysis revealed that the water extract was positively correlated with theanine, tea polyphenols, and the phenol-ammonia ratio, whereas theanine showed negative correlations with tea polyphenols and the phenol-ammonia ratio. Principal component analysis identified two principal components, accounting for a cumulative contribution rate of 79.12%, which reflect key indicators of basic quality and flavor specificity. Suitability analysis demonstrated that the phenol-ammonia ratio of Camellia Sinensis var. assamica is less than 8, making it suitable for green tea production. Notably, the Wanning region is characterized by high theanine content and a low phenol-ammonia ratio, ideal for producing high-quality fresh green tea. Wuzhishan tea exhibits high polyphenol content, showing great potential for black tea and dark tea production. Lingshui Mountain tea has a high caffeine content, suitable for oolong tea development. Cluster analysis grouped the germplasm into four clusters, with the second and fourth clusters (medium and lower-middle levels) comprising 76%. The first cluster (high-content group) and the third cluster (low-content group) can serve as complementary materials for directional breeding. To sum up, Camellia Sinensis var. assamica exhibits significant potential in tea variety breeding, processing technology optimization, and the development of distinctive tea products. In future research, it is essential to integrate genetic marker analysis to further elucidate the genetic basis of its quality traits. Additionally, the quality of tea production should be rigorously evaluated through sensory assessment to ensure precise resource utilization and thereby promote the high-quality development of the Hainan tea industry.

Key words

Camellia Sinensis var. assamica in Hainan / germplasm resources / quality traits / genetic diversity

引用本文

苏凡, 赵雅琦, 胡云彬, 顾文亮. 海南大叶茶种质资源品质性状的多样性分析. 智能化农业装备学报（中英文）, 2025 , 6 (4) : 103 -110 . DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2025.04.010

Fan SU, Yaqi ZHAO, Yunbin HU, Wenliang GU. Quality traits diversity analysis of Camellia Sinensis var. assamica in Hainan germplasm resources[J]. Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization, 2025 , 6 (4) : 103 -110 . DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2025.04.010

基金

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海南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(323QN274)

参考文献

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2025年第6卷第4期

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doi: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2025.04.010

接收时间：2025-06-07
首发时间：2026-11-05
出版时间：2025-11-15

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收稿日期：2025-06-07
修回日期：2025-09-06

基金

Hainan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(323QN274)

海南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(323QN274)

作者信息

^1.中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所，海南万宁，571533

^2.农业农村部香辛饮料作物遗传资源利用重点实验室，海南万宁，571533

^3.海南省热带香辛饮料作物遗传改良与品质调控重点实验室，海南万宁，571533

^4.云南农业大学热带作物学院，云南普洱，665000

通讯作者:

^* 顾文亮，1984年生，湖北黄石人，博士，副研究员；研究方向为茶树植物资源收集与利用。E-mail：gwl84@126.com

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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