智能化农业装备学报（中英文）

谷物联合收获机喂入量检测技术研究现状与发展趋势

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陈旭 ¹^,² , 何勋 ¹^,² , 朱晨辉 ¹^,² , 王宝山 ¹^,² , 王万章 ¹^,²^,^*^,^*

智能化农业装备学报（中英文） | 2025,6(1): 71-80

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智能化农业装备学报（中英文） | 2025 , 6 (1) : 71 -80

谷物联合收获机喂入量检测技术研究现状与发展趋势

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陈旭¹^,², 何勋¹^,², 朱晨辉¹^,², 王宝山¹^,², 王万章¹^,²^,^*^,^*

作者信息

^1.河南农业大学机电工程学院，河南郑州，450002

^2.河南省低碳农业智能装备工程技术研究中心，河南郑州，450002

通讯作者:

^* 王万章，男，1963年生，河南洛阳人，教授，博士生导师；研究方向为智能农机装备。E-mail：wangwz@henau.edu.cn

作者简介:

陈旭，男，1994年生，河北邯郸人，博士研究生；研究方向为农业装备结构设计与智能化控制。E-mail：chenxu1994@stu.henau.edu.cn

Research status and development trend of feed quantity detection technology for grain combine harvester

Xu CHEN¹^,², Xun HE¹^,², Chenhui ZHU¹^,², Baoshan WANG¹^,², Wanzhang WANG¹^,²

Affiliations

^1.College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China

^2.Henan Province Low Carbon Agriculture Intelligent Equipment Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou 450002, China

Corresponding Author:

^* WANG Wanzhang, E-mail: wangwz@henau.edu.cn

CHEN Xu, E-mail: chenxu1994@stu.henau.edu.cn

出版时间: 2025-02-15 doi: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2025.01.007

文章导航

摘要

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我国谷物联合收获机普遍存在作业性能和效率难以兼顾、故障率高、自动化水平低等问题，喂入量是谷物联合收获机的重要参数之一，其对机器的作业性能、整机可靠性以及经济效益有着直接影响；只有当喂入量稳定在额定范围内，收获机才能发挥出最佳效能。研究从喂入量对机器性能的影响至关重要为切入点，着重介绍了国内外联合收获机借助传感技术实现对喂入量的检测功能，主要通过扭矩传感器测量关键工作部件传动轴扭矩或功率和利用压力传感器检测物料对机械结构壳体的挤压力来反映喂入量；其次，采用机器视觉和激光雷达技术识别作物密度以及利用力传感器测定作物茎秆的弯曲力来间接表示喂入量；另外，对影响喂入量检测信号处理的原因及联合收获机喂入量的自动调控等方面的关键技术与应用做了梳理分析。最后，该研究提出了现有谷物联合收获机喂入量检测技术所存在的问题以及未来的研究重点和发展趋势。虽然国内联合收获机喂入量检测方法较多，但均存在检测精度不高、系统稳定性差及只适用于单一作物，难以大面积推广应用等问题。因此，我国联合收获机喂入量检测技术仍有很大的提升空间，应加大对高精度农业传感器和控制器的研发力度，提高检测系统整体的稳定性；未来联合收获机将向着大型化、智能化、集成化方向迈进。

关键词

联合收获机 / 喂入量检测 / 机器视觉 / 传感器 / 自动调控 / 智能化

Abstract

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There are common problems in Chinese grain combine harvester, such as difficulty in balancing operational performance and efficiency, high failure rate, and low automation level. Feed quantity is one of the important parameters of grain combine harvester, which directly affects the machine's operational performance, overall reliability, and economic benefits. Only when the feeding quantity stabilizes within the rated range can the harvester achieve optimal efficiency. Starting from the fact that feeding amount has a vital impact on machine performance, this paper focuses on the detection function of feeding amount by domestic and foreign combine harvesters with the help of sensing technology. The feeding quantity is mainly reflected by measuring the torque or power of the transmission shaft of key working components through torque sensors and detecting the extrusion force of materials on the mechanical structure shell through pressure sensors. Secondly, machine vision and laser radar technology are used to identify crop density and the bending force of crop stems is measured by force sensor to indirectly represent the feeding quantity. In addition, the reasons that affect the signal processing of feed quantity detection and the key technologies and applications of automatic control of feed quantity in combine harvesters were analyzed and sorted out. Finally, this study proposes the problems existing in the feeding rate detection technology of existing grain combine harvesters, as well as future research priorities and development trends. Although there are many methods for detecting the feeding quantity of domestic combine harvester, they all have low detection accuracy, poor system stability, and are only suitable for a single crop, making it difficult to promote and apply on a large scale. Therefore, there is still great room for improvement in Chinese technology for detecting the feeding quantity of combine harvester. We should increase our research and development efforts on high-precision agricultural sensors and controllers to improve the overall stability of the detection system; The future combine harvester will move towards large-scale, intelligent, and integrated directions.

Key words

combine harvester / feeding quantity detection / machine vision / sensors / automatic control / intelligent

引用本文

陈旭, 何勋, 朱晨辉, 王宝山, 王万章. 谷物联合收获机喂入量检测技术研究现状与发展趋势. 智能化农业装备学报（中英文）, 2025 , 6 (1) : 71 -80 . DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2025.01.007

Xu CHEN, Xun HE, Chenhui ZHU, Baoshan WANG, Wanzhang WANG. Research status and development trend of feed quantity detection technology for grain combine harvester[J]. Journal of Intelligent Agricultural Mechanization, 2025 , 6 (1) : 71 -80 . DOI: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2025.01.007

基金

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国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项—小麦机械化技术(CARS-03)

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WANG Zhiwen. Research on speed control system of combine harvester based on feed quantity forecast [D]. Zhenjiang: Jiangsu University, 2021.

2025年第6卷第1期

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doi: 10.12398/j.issn.2096-7217.2025.01.007

接收时间：2024-03-04
首发时间：2026-11-05
出版时间：2025-02-15

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收稿日期：2024-03-04
修回日期：2024-04-11

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The China Agriculture Research System: Wheat Mechanization Technology(CARS-03)

国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项—小麦机械化技术(CARS-03)

作者信息

^1.河南农业大学机电工程学院，河南郑州，450002

^2.河南省低碳农业智能装备工程技术研究中心，河南郑州，450002

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^* 王万章，男，1963年生，河南洛阳人，教授，博士生导师；研究方向为智能农机装备。E-mail：wangwz@henau.edu.cn

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

科 Family	属数 Number of genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)	属 Genus	种数 Number of species	占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae	2	11	5.26	鹅膏菌属 Amanita	10	4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae	2	12	5.74	丝盖伞属 Inocybe	5	2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae	8	14	6.70	蜡蘑属 Laccaria	5	2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae	3	23	11.00	小皮伞属 Marasmius	6	2.87
				小菇属 Mycena	11	5.26
				光柄菇属 Pluteus	5	2.39
				红菇属 Russula	17	8.13
				栓菌属 Trametes	5	2.39

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