Article(id=1302192590145737524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301850032934322245, issueId=1302192562882761358, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.16.003, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1767628800000, receivedDateStr=2026-01-06, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1772640000000, acceptedDateStr=2026-03-05, onlineDate=1788396507059, onlineDateStr=2026-09-03, pubDate=1786809600000, pubDateStr=2026-08-16, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1788396507059, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-09-03, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1788396507059, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1788396507059, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1302192562882761358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301850032934322245, year='2026', volume='59', issue='16', pageStart='3465', pageEnd='3698', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1786809600000', pubDateStr='2026-08-16', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1788396500558, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1788405251849, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1302229268860264480, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301850032934322245, issueId=1302192562882761358, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1302229268860264481, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301850032934322245, issueId=1302192562882761358, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=3496, endPage=3508, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1302192590531613493, articleId=1302192590145737524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301850032934322245, language=EN, title=Effects of the GDSL Lipase Gene GhGELP23D from Gossypium hirsutum on Plant Cell Elongation Development, columnId=1302192563881005712, journalTitle=Scientia Agricultura Sinica, columnName=CROP GENETICS & BREEDING·GERMPLASM RESOURCES·MOLECULAR GENETICS, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

【Objective】 The GDSL esterase/lipase (GELP) family comprises a group of multifunctional hydrolases with broad substrate specificity and catalytic versatility, playing an essential role in plant growth and developmental processes. The GDSL lipase gene GhGELP23D from Gossypium hirsutum is highly expressed during cotton fiber elongation development. This study aims to investigate its function in plant cell elongation and provides references for the mechanism elucidation of GELP-mediated regulation of cell growth. 【Method】 The GhGELP23D was cloned from upland cotton fibers. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to characterize its physicochemical properties, structural features, and phylogenetic relationships. The promoter region was analyzed with PlantCARE to identify putative cis-elements. Expression patterns were detected based on public transcriptomic data and RT-qPCR validation. A GUS reporter construct driven by the GhGELP23D promoter was generated to examine the tissue-specific expression of GhGELP23D in stably transformed Arabidopsis. Subcellular localization of GhGELP23D was determined through transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Transgenic Arabidopsis lines heterologously expressing GhGELP23D (GhGELP23D-OE) were obtained using the floral-dip method, and phenotypic analyses were conducted. Additionally, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) was employed to suppress GhGELP23D expression in cotton. Silencing efficiency was verified by RT-qPCR, and the resulting changes in fiber length were assessed in GhGELP23D-VIGS plants. 【Result】 GhGELP23D encodes a 356-amino-acid protein that is stable, weakly basic, and hydrophilic, containing a typical signal peptide but no transmembrane domain. Transcriptomic analysis and RT-qPCR detection showed that GhGELP23D was highly expressed during cotton fiber elongation. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that GhGELP23D is predominantly localized to the extracellular space. Analysis of the GhGELP23D promoter indicated the presence of multiple cis-elements related to light responsiveness, hormone signaling, and stress response. Histochemical GUS staining showed that the GhGELP23D promoter can drive reporter gene expression in various Arabidopsis tissues, indicating broad tissue expression activity. Heterologous expression of GhGELP23D in Arabidopsis (GhGELP23D-OE) significantly enhanced plant growth and development, resulting in increased plant height and longer primary roots and root hairs. Furthermore, complementation of GhGELP23D in the mutant resulted in a pronounced recovery of primary root and root hair length similar to that of the wild type (WT). In cotton, the fiber length of GhGELP23D-VIGS lines was significantly reduced compared with that of empty-vector control plants, with an average decrease of approximately 13.14%.【Conclusion】 GhGELP23D encodes an extracellular GDSL lipase that is highly expressed during the fiber elongation stage of upland cotton and plays an important role in plant cell elongation development.

, authors=HaoHua CHEN, Gang CHEN, JianTing FENG, Jing XIE, QianQian LI, Fei WANG, HongBin LI, authorsList=HaoHua CHEN, Gang CHEN, JianTing FENG, Jing XIE, QianQian LI, Fei WANG, HongBin LI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1302192594407150406, articleId=1302192590145737524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301850032934322245, language=CN, title=陆地棉GDSL脂肪酶基因GhGELP23D对植物细胞伸长发育的影响, columnId=1302192564032000658, journalTitle=中国农业科学, columnName=作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

【目的】 GDSL脂肪酶(GDSL esterase/lipase,GELP)家族是一类多功能水解酶,具有广泛的底物识别与催化能力,在植物生长发育中具有重要作用。在棉纤维伸长发育中,陆地棉GDSL脂肪酶基因GhGELP23D显著高表达,分析其影响植物细胞伸长发育的功能,为GELP调控植物细胞发育的机制解析提供一定参考。【方法】 以陆地棉纤维为材料克隆GhGELP23D。采用生物信息学方法分析GhGELP23D蛋白的理化性质、结构特征及系统进化关系,利用PlantCARE预测其启动子顺式作用元件,结合公共转录组数据和RT-qPCR数据分析基因的表达特征。构建GhGELP23D启动子GUS报告载体,在拟南芥稳定转化体系中检测GhGELP23D的组织表达特异性。通过烟草叶片瞬时表达系统,对GhGELP23D蛋白进行亚细胞定位。利用花序浸染法获得异源表达GhGELP23D的转基因拟南芥株系GhGELP23D-OE,并分析其表型变化。同时,利用病毒诱导基因沉默(VIGS)技术在陆地棉中沉默GhGELP23D,通过RT-qPCR检测其沉默效率,并观察GhGELP23D-VIGS株系纤维长度的变化。【结果】 GhGELP23D编码一个由356个氨基酸组成的稳定、弱碱性、亲水性蛋白,其结构包含典型信号肽。转录组表达和RT-qPCR数据显示,GhGELP23D在纤维伸长期高表达。亚细胞定位结果表明,GhGELP23D蛋白定位在胞外间隙。启动子组成分析显示,GhGELP23D包含光、激素和胁迫等多种顺式作用元件;组织染色结果显示,GhGELP23D启动子在拟南芥多种组织中均可驱动报告基因表达,表明其具有广泛的组织表达特性。在异源表达GhGELP23D拟南芥中显著促进植株生长发育,GhGELP23D-OE拟南芥株系的株高显著增加,主根和根毛的长度显著提升,在突变体背景中回补表达GhGELP23D后,其主根和根毛长度得到明显恢复并基本达到野生型水平。GhGELP23D-VIGS棉花株系的纤维长度较空载对照植株显著降低,平均下降约13.14%。【结论】 GhGELP23D编码一类定位于胞外间隙的GDSL脂肪酶,在棉纤维伸长期高表达,并影响植物细胞伸长发育过程。

, authors=陈豪华, 陈港, 冯健庭, 解静, 李倩倩, 王斐, 李鸿彬, authorsList=陈豪华, 陈港, 冯健庭, 解静, 李倩倩, 王斐, 李鸿彬, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

陈豪华,E-mail:

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王斐,E-mail:
李鸿彬,E-mail:
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A: Hydrophilicity/Hydrophobicity analysis; B: Tertiary structure prediction; C: Transmembrane domain analysis; D: Signal peptide identification

, figureFileSmall=c/m6sFSpqt/V+UoF5FlGJg==, figureFileBig=Yd/wrBdsy7l+IOMDT7SzzQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1302192598836335482, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301850032934322245, articleId=1302192590145737524, language=CN, label=图1, caption=GhGELP23D蛋白的生物信息学分析

A:亲疏水性分析;B:三级结构预测;C:跨膜结构分析;D:信号肽预测

, figureFileSmall=c/m6sFSpqt/V+UoF5FlGJg==, figureFileBig=Yd/wrBdsy7l+IOMDT7SzzQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1302192599016690555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301850032934322245, articleId=1302192590145737524, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Expression analysis of GhGELP23D during fiber developmental stages

A: Analysis of the expression pattern of GhGELP23D based on transcriptome data; B: RT-qPCR analysis of GhGELP23D expression during fiber developmental stages. *P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001

, figureFileSmall=kddJ59kJ+8yOxDkB62cBBQ==, figureFileBig=vX3AVhmoejHmNhmO9pFqtg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1302192599108965244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301850032934322245, articleId=1302192590145737524, language=CN, label=图2, caption=GhGELP23D在纤维发育期的表达分析

A:转录组数据中GhGELP23D的表达特征;B:GhGELP23D在纤维发育期的RT-qPCR分析。*P<0.05,**P<0.01,***P<0.001

, figureFileSmall=kddJ59kJ+8yOxDkB62cBBQ==, figureFileBig=vX3AVhmoejHmNhmO9pFqtg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1302192599176074109, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301850032934322245, articleId=1302192590145737524, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Protein sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of GELP proteins from different crops

A: Multiple sequence alignment of proteins; B: Phylogenetic analysis. Gh: Gossypium hirsutum, XP016688499.1; Hc: Hibiscus cannabinus, KAL4332816.1; Cy: Craigia yunnanensis, XWS18929.1; Dt: Diplodiscus trichospermus, XVE88786.1; Rp: Reevesia pubescens, XVF26876.1; Gr: Gossypium raimondii, XP012456097.1; Hs: Hibiscus sabdariffa, KAK8608411.1; Ht: Hibiscus trionum, GMI77967.1; Tc: Theobroma cacao, WRX26395.1; Cc: Corchorus capsularis, OMO70926.1; Pk: Pterospermum kingtungense, XVF86727.1; Ci: Carya illinoinensis, XP042949469.1; Rl: Rubroshorea leprosula, GKV27208.1; Rc: Ricinus communis, EEF46352.1

, figureFileSmall=0UrRVPkTRapb8EpcrqEBwA==, figureFileBig=ZJNMiSroGFb9bPu8OL12Wg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1302192599247377278, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301850032934322245, articleId=1302192590145737524, language=CN, label=图3, caption=不同作物的GELP蛋白序列比对与进化分析

A:蛋白多序列比对;B:系统进化分析。Gh:陆地棉,XP016688499.1;Hc:大麻槿,KAL4332816.1;Cy:滇桐,XWS18929.1;Dt:海南椴,XVE88786.1;Rp:梭罗树,XVF26876.1;Gr:雷蒙德氏棉,XP012456097.1;Hs:玫瑰茄,KAK8608411.1;Ht:野西瓜苗,GMI77967.1;Tc:可可,WRX26395.1;Cc:黄麻,OMO70926.1;Pk:景东翅子树,XVF86727.1;Ci:薄壳山核桃,XP042949469.1;Rl:红柳桉,GKV27208.1;Rc:蓖麻,EEF46352.1

, figureFileSmall=0UrRVPkTRapb8EpcrqEBwA==, figureFileBig=ZJNMiSroGFb9bPu8OL12Wg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1302192599310291839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301850032934322245, articleId=1302192590145737524, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Analysis of conserved motifs of the GhGELP23D protein and cis-elements in its promoter

A: Conserved motif analysis and domain prediction of proteins; B: Cis-element prediction in the promoter

, figureFileSmall=kPe+93TJMzqZDCf7arer5w==, figureFileBig=rZ9V6gk3clOxJ60XSBzwHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1302192599389983616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301850032934322245, articleId=1302192590145737524, language=CN, label=图4, caption=GhGELP23D蛋白的保守基序与启动子的顺式作用元件分析

A:蛋白保守基序分析与结构域预测;B:启动子的顺式作用元件预测

, figureFileSmall=kPe+93TJMzqZDCf7arer5w==, figureFileBig=rZ9V6gk3clOxJ60XSBzwHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1302192599448703873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301850032934322245, articleId=1302192590145737524, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Tissue-specific expression pattern of the GhGELP23D promoter, figureFileSmall=fI9KBF44Yh6K3NIqWfTT6Q==, figureFileBig=LoOU4HflBGHd4lfeS1NMIg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1302192599511618434, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301850032934322245, articleId=1302192590145737524, language=CN, label=图5, caption=GhGELP23D启动子的组织表达分析, figureFileSmall=fI9KBF44Yh6K3NIqWfTT6Q==, figureFileBig=LoOU4HflBGHd4lfeS1NMIg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1302192599587115907, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301850032934322245, articleId=1302192590145737524, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Subcellular localization analysis of the GhGELP23D protein, figureFileSmall=fISxxG5Q84rCukuX2IrEfg==, figureFileBig=6irBquqWZ+ghsARFNgpcWw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1302192599658419076, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301850032934322245, articleId=1302192590145737524, language=CN, label=图6, caption=GhGELP23D蛋白的亚细胞定位分析, figureFileSmall=fISxxG5Q84rCukuX2IrEfg==, figureFileBig=6irBquqWZ+ghsARFNgpcWw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1302192599721333637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301850032934322245, articleId=1302192590145737524, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Genetic function analysis of GhGELP23D in regulating Arabidopsis cell elongation

A: Phenotypic observation of root in one-week-old wild-type and transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana; scale bar: 10 mm; B: Phenotypic observation of plant height in five-week-old mature wild-type and transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana; scale bar: 50 mm; C: Phenotypic observation of root hairs in one-week-old wild-type and transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana; scale bar: 500 μm; D: Determination and statistical assessment of primary root length in Arabidopsis thaliana; E: Determination and statistical assessment of plant height in Arabidopsis thaliana; F: Determination and statistical assessment of root hair length in Arabidopsis thaliana

, figureFileSmall=0e4gTJ8IG2nlZjckxcaVOA==, figureFileBig=/uEHLSwioYrAGaMFneTDaA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1302192599780053894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301850032934322245, articleId=1302192590145737524, language=CN, label=图7, caption=GhGELP23D影响拟南芥细胞伸长发育的功能分析

A:1周龄野生型和转基因拟南芥的根长观察;比例尺:10 mm;B:5周龄野生型和转基因拟南芥的株高观察;比例尺:50 mm;C:1周龄野生型和转基因拟南芥的根毛观察;比例尺:500 μm;D:拟南芥主根长度的测量和统计分析;E:拟南芥株高的测量和统计分析;F:拟南芥根毛长度的测量和统计分析

, figureFileSmall=0e4gTJ8IG2nlZjckxcaVOA==, figureFileBig=/uEHLSwioYrAGaMFneTDaA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1302192599847162759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301850032934322245, articleId=1302192590145737524, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=Genetic function analysis of GhGELP23D in regulating cotton fiber elongation

A: Overall phenotype of GhGELP23D-VIGS lines compared with CLCrVA plants; Scale bar: 200 mm; B: RT-qPCR analysis of GhGELP23D gene silencing efficiency; C: Fiber length of GhGELP23D-VIGS lines and control plants; Scale bar: 10 mm; D: Determination and statistical assessment of mature cotton fiber length. WT: Wild-type cotton. CLCrVA: pCLCrVA empty vector control plants. GhGELP23D-VIGS: GhGELP23D-silenced plants

, figureFileSmall=/tdWMarZl6eiiGHoa+wpMA==, figureFileBig=eKaCEKe4jC8FxLAqH8w0FA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1302192599918465928, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1301850032934322245, articleId=1302192590145737524, language=CN, label=图8, caption=GhGELP23D影响棉纤维发育的功能分析

A:GhGELP23D-VIGS株系与CLCrVA植株的整体表型,比例尺:200 mm;B:GhGELP23D沉默效率的RT-qPCR分析;C:GhGELP23D-VIGS株系与对照植株的纤维长度,比例尺:10 mm;D:成熟纤维长度的测量和统计分析。WT;野生型棉花。CLCrVA:pCLCrVA空载对照植株。GhGELP23D-VIGSGhGELP23D沉默植株

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陆地棉GDSL脂肪酶基因GhGELP23D对植物细胞伸长发育的影响
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陈豪华 , 陈港 , 冯健庭 , 解静 , 李倩倩 , 王斐 , 李鸿彬
中国农业科学 | 作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 2026,59(16): 3496-3508
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中国农业科学 |作物遗传育种·种质资源·分子遗传学 2026 , 59 (16) : 3496 -3508
陆地棉GDSL脂肪酶基因GhGELP23D对植物细胞伸长发育的影响
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陈豪华 , 陈港, 冯健庭, 解静, 李倩倩, 王斐 , 李鸿彬
作者信息
  • 石河子大学生命科学学院, 新疆石河子 832003
通讯作者:
王斐,E-mail:
李鸿彬,E-mail:
作者简介:

陈豪华,E-mail:

Effects of the GDSL Lipase Gene GhGELP23D from Gossypium hirsutum on Plant Cell Elongation Development
HaoHua CHEN , Gang CHEN, JianTing FENG, Jing XIE, QianQian LI, Fei WANG , HongBin LI
Affiliations
  • College of Life Sciences, Shihezi University, Shihezi 832003, Xinjiang
出版时间: 2026-08-16 doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.16.003
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【目的】 GDSL脂肪酶(GDSL esterase/lipase,GELP)家族是一类多功能水解酶,具有广泛的底物识别与催化能力,在植物生长发育中具有重要作用。在棉纤维伸长发育中,陆地棉GDSL脂肪酶基因GhGELP23D显著高表达,分析其影响植物细胞伸长发育的功能,为GELP调控植物细胞发育的机制解析提供一定参考。【方法】 以陆地棉纤维为材料克隆GhGELP23D。采用生物信息学方法分析GhGELP23D蛋白的理化性质、结构特征及系统进化关系,利用PlantCARE预测其启动子顺式作用元件,结合公共转录组数据和RT-qPCR数据分析基因的表达特征。构建GhGELP23D启动子GUS报告载体,在拟南芥稳定转化体系中检测GhGELP23D的组织表达特异性。通过烟草叶片瞬时表达系统,对GhGELP23D蛋白进行亚细胞定位。利用花序浸染法获得异源表达GhGELP23D的转基因拟南芥株系GhGELP23D-OE,并分析其表型变化。同时,利用病毒诱导基因沉默(VIGS)技术在陆地棉中沉默GhGELP23D,通过RT-qPCR检测其沉默效率,并观察GhGELP23D-VIGS株系纤维长度的变化。【结果】 GhGELP23D编码一个由356个氨基酸组成的稳定、弱碱性、亲水性蛋白,其结构包含典型信号肽。转录组表达和RT-qPCR数据显示,GhGELP23D在纤维伸长期高表达。亚细胞定位结果表明,GhGELP23D蛋白定位在胞外间隙。启动子组成分析显示,GhGELP23D包含光、激素和胁迫等多种顺式作用元件;组织染色结果显示,GhGELP23D启动子在拟南芥多种组织中均可驱动报告基因表达,表明其具有广泛的组织表达特性。在异源表达GhGELP23D拟南芥中显著促进植株生长发育,GhGELP23D-OE拟南芥株系的株高显著增加,主根和根毛的长度显著提升,在突变体背景中回补表达GhGELP23D后,其主根和根毛长度得到明显恢复并基本达到野生型水平。GhGELP23D-VIGS棉花株系的纤维长度较空载对照植株显著降低,平均下降约13.14%。【结论】 GhGELP23D编码一类定位于胞外间隙的GDSL脂肪酶,在棉纤维伸长期高表达,并影响植物细胞伸长发育过程。

陆地棉  /  GDSL脂肪酶  /  细胞伸长  /  GhGELP23D  /  亚细胞定位  /  病毒诱导基因沉默

【Objective】 The GDSL esterase/lipase (GELP) family comprises a group of multifunctional hydrolases with broad substrate specificity and catalytic versatility, playing an essential role in plant growth and developmental processes. The GDSL lipase gene GhGELP23D from Gossypium hirsutum is highly expressed during cotton fiber elongation development. This study aims to investigate its function in plant cell elongation and provides references for the mechanism elucidation of GELP-mediated regulation of cell growth. 【Method】 The GhGELP23D was cloned from upland cotton fibers. Bioinformatic analyses were performed to characterize its physicochemical properties, structural features, and phylogenetic relationships. The promoter region was analyzed with PlantCARE to identify putative cis-elements. Expression patterns were detected based on public transcriptomic data and RT-qPCR validation. A GUS reporter construct driven by the GhGELP23D promoter was generated to examine the tissue-specific expression of GhGELP23D in stably transformed Arabidopsis. Subcellular localization of GhGELP23D was determined through transient expression in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. Transgenic Arabidopsis lines heterologously expressing GhGELP23D (GhGELP23D-OE) were obtained using the floral-dip method, and phenotypic analyses were conducted. Additionally, virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS) was employed to suppress GhGELP23D expression in cotton. Silencing efficiency was verified by RT-qPCR, and the resulting changes in fiber length were assessed in GhGELP23D-VIGS plants. 【Result】 GhGELP23D encodes a 356-amino-acid protein that is stable, weakly basic, and hydrophilic, containing a typical signal peptide but no transmembrane domain. Transcriptomic analysis and RT-qPCR detection showed that GhGELP23D was highly expressed during cotton fiber elongation. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that GhGELP23D is predominantly localized to the extracellular space. Analysis of the GhGELP23D promoter indicated the presence of multiple cis-elements related to light responsiveness, hormone signaling, and stress response. Histochemical GUS staining showed that the GhGELP23D promoter can drive reporter gene expression in various Arabidopsis tissues, indicating broad tissue expression activity. Heterologous expression of GhGELP23D in Arabidopsis (GhGELP23D-OE) significantly enhanced plant growth and development, resulting in increased plant height and longer primary roots and root hairs. Furthermore, complementation of GhGELP23D in the mutant resulted in a pronounced recovery of primary root and root hair length similar to that of the wild type (WT). In cotton, the fiber length of GhGELP23D-VIGS lines was significantly reduced compared with that of empty-vector control plants, with an average decrease of approximately 13.14%.【Conclusion】 GhGELP23D encodes an extracellular GDSL lipase that is highly expressed during the fiber elongation stage of upland cotton and plays an important role in plant cell elongation development.

Gossypium hirsutum  /  GDSL lipase  /  cell elongation  /  GhGELP23D  /  subcellular localization  /  VIGS
陈豪华, 陈港, 冯健庭, 解静, 李倩倩, 王斐, 李鸿彬. 陆地棉GDSL脂肪酶基因GhGELP23D对植物细胞伸长发育的影响. 中国农业科学, 2026 , 59 (16) : 3496 -3508 . DOI: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.16.003
HaoHua CHEN, Gang CHEN, JianTing FENG, Jing XIE, QianQian LI, Fei WANG, HongBin LI. Effects of the GDSL Lipase Gene GhGELP23D from Gossypium hirsutum on Plant Cell Elongation Development[J]. Scientia Agricultura Sinica, 2026 , 59 (16) : 3496 -3508 . DOI: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.16.003
【研究意义】陆地棉(Gossypium hirsutum L.)是全球广泛栽培的纤维作物,为纺织工业提供了主要的植物纤维原料[1]。棉纤维是一种由胚珠表皮发育而来的独特单细胞结构,不仅具有重要的经济价值,还被广泛用作探究单细胞伸长与细胞壁合成的经典生物学模型[2]。棉纤维发育可分为4个重叠过程:纤维起始、伸长、次生壁加厚和成熟[3]。其中,快速伸长期决定了纤维的长度和品质,是影响棉花经济性状的关键时期。因此,探索纤维伸长的调控机制,为提升棉花纤维品质、推动纺织产业发展提供了关键支撑。【前人研究进展】植物细胞伸长是一个高度协调的过程,受到多层次转录调控和激素信号影响。GhMYB201和GhMYB212等转录因子可以通过激活细胞壁松弛基因、调控超长链脂肪酸合成、促进蔗糖转运等途径促进纤维伸长[4-5]。生长素通过调控AUX/IAA和ARF家族基因,促进纤维细胞极性生长[6]。在拟南芥根发育过程中,伸长区通过扩展蛋白和木葡聚糖内转糖苷酶/水解酶(xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase,XTH)协同作用松弛细胞壁,以促进细胞纵向伸长;而分化区则通过果胶脱酯化、木质素沉积等方式加固细胞壁,以适应特定功能[7]。Liu等[8]研究表明在干旱胁迫条件下,果胶合成缺陷的拟南芥突变体未观察到根细胞伸长反应,纤维素合成缺陷突变体的伸长表型与野生型无明显差异,提示细胞壁中果胶含量的变化可能影响胁迫条件下拟南芥的根细胞伸长。GDSL脂肪酶是一个具有广泛底物识别的脂肪酶亚家族,属于一类热稳定性极佳的水解酶,均包含一个保守的GDSL基序,在N端带有催化位点,对非水溶性和长链脂肪酸酯底物具有偏好,这与具有GxSxG保守序列的其他酯酶类型不同[9]。GDSL脂肪酶家族包含众多成员,在植物的形态建成、脂质代谢和生长发育中具有重要的生物学功能[10]。拟南芥TBR和TBL3包含GDSL结构域,通过调控果胶酯化状态影响次生细胞壁纤维素的积累,从而在细胞壁构建和细胞生长等过程中发挥重要作用[11]。Ji等[12]发现GDSL脂肪酶家族成员BrEXL6在可育花蕾的花药中高水平表达,特别是在花粉发育阶段的花药中表达最为显著,表明BrEXL6与花粉发育密切相关。水稻BS1是一种典型的GDSL酯酶,通过调控次生细胞壁木聚糖乙酰化,从而影响细胞壁结构与维管组织形态[13]。此外,脂肪酸在棉花纤维伸长中发挥着重要作用。外源施加棕榈酸(C16:0)显著促进棉纤维分化与伸长,尤其在5.0 μmol·L-1浓度下纤维平均长度较对照增加53.4%。木蜡酸也对纤维伸长有显著促进作用[14]。超长链脂肪酸(very long chain fatty acid,VLCFA)在棉花细胞伸长中起着重要作用,通过调节乙烯的合成进一步促进纤维的生长和发育[15]。【本研究切入点】目前,已有研究表明,GDSL脂肪酶在植物细胞伸长和细胞壁修饰过程中可能发挥重要作用,然而,在棉花纤维发育过程中的具体功能和调控机制仍不明确。基于前期工作中发现陆地棉GDSL脂肪酶基因GhGELP23D在棉纤维快速伸长期呈显著上调表达,提示其可能参与纤维细胞伸长相关过程。【拟解决的关键问题】本研究围绕GhGELP23D开展研究,进行序列特征分析、启动子顺式作用元件预测、亚细胞定位验证等分析,开展该基因在拟南芥和棉花中的遗传功能验证,为阐明GDSL脂肪酶影响植物细胞伸长发育的功能和分子调控机制提供重要参考。
试验于2024—2025年在石河子大学生命科学学院完成。
拟南芥(Arabidopsis thaliana)和陆地棉(Gossypium hirsutum L.)品种中棉49,以及质粒载体pCAMBIA1391、pCAMBIA1300和pCLCrVA均由石河子大学生命科学学院农业生物技术重点实验室提供。GhGELP23D同源基因突变体拟南芥(SALK_091361C)购买于福州爱若莎生物科技有限公司。
提取棉花叶片RNA,并反转录合成cDNA。根据实验室陆地棉基因组数据,用SnapGene 7.1.2软件设计该基因CDS片段的上、下游引物(附表1),进行PCR扩增,检测目的条带大小。纯化后的产物与C601载体连接,转化,挑取阳性克隆进行测序。
根据从棉花公共转录组数据中提取的每千碱基映射片段(Fragments Per Kilobase of transcript per Million mapped reads,FPKM)值,分析棉花不同组织中GhGELP23D的表达水平。采集陆地棉不同发育阶段的胚珠和纤维样品,胚珠取样时间为-3和0 DPA,纤维取样时间为5、10、15、20和25 DPA。使用SnapGene 7.1.2软件设计GhGELP23D特异性引物,以GhUBQ7为内参基因,进行RT-qPCR检测分析,3次生物学重复和3次技术重复。用2-ΔΔCt[16]计算基因相对表达量。
从ProtParam(https://web.expasy.org/protparam/)分析蛋白序列的理化性质;用ProtScale(https://web.expasy.org/protscale/)分析亲疏水性;分别用TMHMM 2.0(https://services.healthtech.dtu.dk/services/TMHMM-2.0/)和SignalP-6.0(https://services.healthtech.dtu.dk/services/SignalP-6.0/)分析跨膜结构域和信号肽;用Plant-mPLoc(http://www.csbio.sjtu.edu.cn/bioinf/Plant-multi/)分析亚细胞定位;利用SOPMA(https://npsa.lyon.inserm.fr/cgi-bin/npsaautomat.plpage=/NPSA/Npsa_sopma.html)和AlphaFold(https://alphafold.com/)预测蛋白质结构。分别通过MEME(https://meme-suite.org/meme/tools/meme)和CD-Search(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/cdd/)分析蛋白的保守基序和保守域,利用TBtools工具完成可视化;利用DNAMAN 8.0和GeneDoc软件进行多序列比对,用MEGA 11.0软件构建系统发育树。利用实验室数据库调取GhGELP23D转录起始位点上游2 000 bp的序列作为基因启动子序列。利用PlantCARE(https://bioinformatics.psb.ugent.be/webtools/plantcare/html/)进行顺式作用元件预测。
BamHⅠ和SalⅠ双酶切植物表达载体pCAMBIA1300-eGFP,并将酶切成功的载体片段与GhGELP23D的CDS序列重组连接,构建35S:: GhGELP23D::eGFP融合载体。通过PCR获得GhGELP23D的启动子片段,并与BamHⅠ和HindⅢ双酶切的pCAMBIA1391-GUS载体连接,构建pGhGELP23D::GUS重组载体。根据SGN VIGS Tool(https://vigs.solgenomics.net/)网站选择特异的病毒诱导基因沉默(virus-induced gene silencing,VIGS)片段[17],通过PCR获得VIGS片段,并与SpeⅠ和AscⅠ双酶切的pCLCrVA载体连接,构建pCLCrVA:: GhGELP23D沉默载体。
将含GhGELP23D启动子的重组载体pGhGELP23D::GUS转化农杆菌GV3101,获得阳性菌株。按照花序浸染法[18]侵染野生型拟南芥(WT)。收取的成熟种子经潮霉素抗性筛选鉴定,获得T3代稳定转基因株系。利用GUS染色试剂盒对转基因拟南芥的幼苗、花、茎生叶和果荚4种组织染色,经70%乙醇脱色3次后,拍照观察,以35S::GUS转基因拟南芥为阳性对照。
根据生物信息学分析结果,GhGELP23D蛋白可能定位于胞外间隙。为验证其具体位置,构建35S::GhGELP23D::eGFP重组载体,并以35S::eGFP空载体为对照。实验室提供的胞外间隙定位标记载体(mCherry标记)[19]用于共定位分析。将上述载体分别转化农杆菌GV3101,获得阳性菌株后,在生长4—5周的烟草叶片中进行瞬时表达。侵染后,黑暗静置过夜,然后正常培养48—72 h。使用激光共聚焦显微镜观察荧光信号的分布,并对图像进行拍摄与分析。
将构建成功的重组载体35S::GhGELP23D::eGFP转化农杆菌GV3101,获得阳性菌株。GhGELP23D在拟南芥中的同源基因为AtGELP67。按照花序浸染法分别转化野生型拟南芥和atgelp67-1突变体拟南芥。经潮霉素抗性筛选,获得T3代稳定转基因株系,用于后续分析。
以陆地棉品种中棉49为材料,选取生长约一周、子叶完全展开的幼苗叶片进行侵染。将pCLCrVB(辅助载体)、pCLCrVA空载载体、pCLCrVA::GhPDS(阳性对照)和pCLCrVA::GhGELP23D重组载体分别转化农杆菌LBA4404。将含有pCLCrVB与其他3种载体的农杆菌侵染液按等比例混合,注入棉花子叶。侵染后,将植株黑暗过夜,然后正常培养18—20 d,观察阳性对照植株是否出现白化表型,以验证VIGS体系构建的有效性。白化表型出现后,用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测GhGELP23D沉默植株(GhGELP23D-VIGS)、空载对照植株和野生型植株中GhGELP23D的表达水平。以GhUBQ7为内参基因。
经PCR扩增,获得预期大小的目的条带(附图1),经测序与序列比对,成功获得GhGELP23D。通过对GhGELP23D蛋白的基本特征进行分析,结果显示,GhGELP23D蛋白包含356个氨基酸,理论分子量为38.43 kDa,理论等电点为8.62;脂溶指数为82.84,平均亲疏水性指数(grand average of hydropathy,GRAVY)为-0.004,表明该蛋白整体呈弱亲水性;蛋白的不稳定指数为18.65,表明其为稳定蛋白。GhGELP23D蛋白的亲水性指数为-1.989—3.200,GhGELP23D蛋白整体偏亲水性(图1-A)。TMHMM 2.0预测分析显示,GhGELP23D蛋白为一个不含跨膜螺旋结构域的蛋白,整条多肽链定位于胞外区域。说明GhGELP23D蛋白可能为分泌型蛋白(图1-C)。信号肽预测显示,该蛋白含有典型的Sec/SPI型信号肽(图1-D)。Plant-mPLoc网站分析显示,GhGELP23D蛋白定位在胞外间隙。结构预测显示,其构象以无规卷曲为主,占比高达46.07%;同时含有较高比例的α-螺旋(38.20%)和少量延伸链(15.73%),表明具有一定的结构灵活性。利用AlphaFold工具预测其三级结构,与二级结构预测相符(图1-B)。
基于公共转录组数据,分析陆地棉GhGELP23D在棉花组织中的表达特征。结果显示,该基因在花萼和纤维发育阶段中表达水平较高(图2)。在纤维发育过程中,其表达呈现动态变化,在纤维发育快速伸长期(3—10 DPA)特异性高表达,而在其他发育时期维持在相对较低水平。为进一步验证GhGELP23D在棉花纤维发育过程中的作用,利用RT-qPCR检测GhGELP23D在不同发育阶段的胚珠和纤维中的表达水平。结果显示,GhGELP23D在纤维伸长期显著上调,尤其在10 DPA纤维中达到峰值,表达水平提高了超过200倍,该表达趋势与转录组分析结果呈现出较高的一致性。表明GhGELP23D可能在棉花纤维的快速伸长过程中发挥重要作用。
利用NCBI中BLASTP工具,以GhGELP23D蛋白为查询序列,收集了13个不同物种的同源蛋白序列,经多序列比对和系统发育分析。结果显示,蛋白整体相似度为80.49%,所有蛋白均包含一个N端的信号肽和核心的SGNH_plant_lipase_like结构域(图3-A),表明GELP在不同植物物种中高度保守。系统发育树显示,陆地棉GhGELP23D与大麻槿(Hibiscus cannabinus)的HcGELP聚为一支,且序列相似度达82.05%(图3-B)。表明二者亲缘关系较近,可能来源于共同祖先并在进化过程中保持了功能的保守性。这些结果与序列相似性分析相互印证,共同说明植物GDSL家族脂酶类似蛋白在长期进化过程中保持了结构与功能的保守性。
保守基序与保守结构域分析显示,所有蛋白均包含核心的SGNH_plant_lipase_like结构域,且保守基序的组成与排列模式高度一致(图4-A)。在线网站PlantCARE分析结果显示,GhGELP23D启动子上除了典型的CAAT-box和TATA-box外,还存在光相关元件I-box和Box4;与激素响应相关的元件MYC、MYB-related、AuxRR-core、ABRE;与应激响应相关的元件STRE、ARE、LTR;以及与次生代谢或防御反应相关的元件W-box和chs-CMA2a(图4-B)。表明GhGELP23D的转录调控可能受激素信号和胁迫等多种因素影响。
为分析GhGELP23D启动子在植物体内的组织表达特异性,将全长启动子与pCAMBIA1391载体连接,并转化拟南芥。GUS染色结果显示,GhGELP23D启动子在转基因拟南芥幼苗的根、茎和莲座叶中具有较高的活性,在成熟转基因拟南芥植株的茎生叶、花和果荚中同样具有较高的驱动活性(图5)。表明GhGELP23D启动子具有较广泛的组织表达特性,可在拟南芥多种组织中驱动基因表达。
为验证GhGELP23D蛋白的亚细胞定位,构建GhGELP23D与eGFP的融合表达载体,利用烟草叶片瞬时侵染技术进行定位分析(图6)。结果显示,空载35S::eGFP在细胞核和细胞质中显示出绿色荧光。35S::GhGELP23D::eGFP与胞外定位的阳性对照(mCherry标记)共转化烟草叶片后,eGFP信号与mCherry信号高度重叠,表明GhGELP23D蛋白主要分布于胞外间隙。这一定位结果与生物信息学预测一致,表明GhGELP23D蛋白可能通过分泌途径发挥其功能。
为验证GhGELP23D的生物学功能,构建35S::GhGELP23D载体,并通过花序浸染法分别转化野生型拟南芥(WT)和atgelp67-1突变体,获得GhGELP23D过表达株系(GhGELP23D-OE),以及在atgelp67-1突变体背景中由CaMV 35S启动子驱动的功能性回补株系(atgelp67-1/GhGELP23D)。经拟南芥基因组DNA鉴定,成功获得GhGELP23D转基因拟南芥株系(附图2)。通过对WT、GhGELP23D-OEatgelp67-1atgelp67-1/GhGELP23D的株高、主根长度和根毛长度的表型进行观察和统计(图7)。结果显示,在异源表达GhGELP23D拟南芥中株高显著增加(图7-B、E);与野生型相比,GhGELP23D-OE株系主根长度和根毛长度均显著增加,而atgelp67-1突变体主根和根毛长度均显著降低;在atgelp67-1突变体中回补表达GhGELP23D后,其主根和根毛长度得到一定恢复,并基本达到WT的水平(图7-A、C、F)。表明GhGELP23D是一个功能性基因能正向调控拟南芥主根和根毛细胞的伸长发育。
利用VIGS技术对陆地棉GhGELP23D进行基因表达沉默处理。在接种后18—20 d,阳性对照(pCLCrVA::GhPDS)植株表现出明显的白化症状,并在后续棉铃发育阶段持续存在,说明基因沉默效果显著且稳定。随后分别取沉默株系GhGELP23D-VIGS、空载对照(CLCrVA)植株和野生型棉花(WT)叶片进行RT-qPCR分析,结果显示,目标基因在GhGELP23D-VIGS中的表达量显著下降(图8-B),说明GhGELP23D已被有效沉默。待棉株生长至结铃期后,观察到GhGELP23D-VIGS株系的株高较CLCrVA空载对照植株有所降低(图8-A)。纤维长度测定结果显示,GhGELP23D-VIGS株系的纤维长度较空载对照植株显著降低,平均下降约13.14%(图8-C、D)。结果表明,GhGELP23D可能影响棉纤维的伸长发育过程。
GDSL脂肪酶家族包含众多成员,在植物的形态建成、脂质代谢和生长发育中具有重要的生物学功能[20-21]。奈婕菲等[22]克隆获得毛果杨中一个GDSL家族基因,并构建其过表达载体遗传转化拟南芥,通过荧光信号分析发现该基因主要定位于根部细胞壁,表明其可能参与了毛果杨(Populus trichocarpa)生长相关的细胞壁构建或修饰过程。拟南芥2个GDSL脂肪酶成员——CDEF1EXL4参与了花粉水合、花粉管穿透和细胞壁降解,促进细胞扩展[23-24]。QTL定位和功能验证表明,GbGELP的过表达能够促进根系生长和毛状体形成,而其沉默则显著抑制纤维伸长[25]。基于前期工作结果,本研究以GhGELP23D为研究对象。转录组数据和RT-qPCR数据显示,其在纤维发育快速伸长期(3—10 DPA)特异性高表达(图2)。通过在拟南芥中异源表达,GhGELP23D能够影响植株营养生长,正向调控拟南芥主根和根毛细胞的伸长发育(图7)。鉴于棉纤维与拟南芥表皮毛在起源与伸长机制上的相似性[26],提示GhGELP23D可能在棉纤维伸长过程中发挥类似作用。为进一步验证其在棉纤维发育中的作用,研究利用病毒诱导的基因沉默技术,通过构建VIGS载体对GhGELP23D进行基因表达沉默处理。结果显示,GhGELP23D-VIGS株系的纤维长度较空载对照显著降低,平均下降约13.14%(图8-C、D)。这些结果表明,GhGELP23D在棉花纤维细胞的正常伸长中发挥重要作用。
已有研究表明,在山核桃(Carya illinoensis)GDSL家族中,亚细胞定位试验证实部分成员定位于胞外基质[27]。类似地,拟南芥GDSL脂肪酶AtGELP7被报道可分泌到胞外,在质膜外侧催化木聚糖去乙酰化,进而影响细胞壁结构[28]。亚细胞定位结果显示,GhGELP23D蛋白主要存在于胞外间隙(图6)。此外,GDSL脂肪酶作为广谱底物特异性的水解酶,能够催化多种脂质底物的酯键断裂或重排,参与细胞壁脂质和多糖的修饰,从而调节细胞壁可塑性[29-32]。结合其胞外定位特征,推测GhGELP23D可能通过影响细胞壁结构或脂质代谢途径,促进细胞的纵向伸长。
植物细胞伸长是一个由转录网络和激素信号精密协调调控的过程。bHLH家族成员GhACE1促进纤维伸长,GhFP2则拮抗其作用,二者通过调控细胞膜蛋白和膨胀蛋白表达实现对伸长的精细调控[33]。GhWRKY16通过激活GhHOX3GhMYB109等下游基因,促进纤维起始和伸长[34]。ARF蛋白可直接结合目标基因启动子的AuxRE(auxin response element),调控GhCTR1GhXTH9等基因的转录活性,促进或抑制纤维细胞的生长[35]。GA不仅直接促进纤维伸长,还通过上调独脚金内酯(strigolactone,SL)生物合成基因(DWARF27),增强SL信号,形成GA-SL级联调控[36]GhGELP23D启动子顺式作用元件分析显示,其上游区域含有多种与激素和转录调控相关的顺式作用元件,如MYB-related、AuxRR-core和ABRE等(图4-B)。结果表明,GhGELP23D可能通过激素信号通路及转录因子调控影响棉纤维伸长发育。
本研究表明,GhGELP23D编码的蛋白质是一种定位于胞外间隙的GDSL脂肪酶,在拟南芥中正向调控主根和根毛细胞的伸长发育,而表达沉默则显著降低棉纤维长度。GhGELP23D启动子区含有多种激素响应和转录因子结合元件,其表达可能受到复杂的上游调控。综上所述,GhGELP23D在植物细胞伸长发育过程中发挥重要作用,并可能作为连接上游发育调控网络与下游细胞壁重塑及脂质代谢过程的关键调控节点。
GhGELP23D编码356个氨基酸,蛋白定位于胞外间隙。GhGELP23D在棉纤维发育快速伸长期具有较高的表达水平。其启动子区域包含多种与光信号、激素和逆境响应相关的顺式作用元件,并在拟南芥多种组织中具有转录活性。在异源表达GhGELP23D拟南芥中显著增加株高并促进主根和根毛细胞的伸长发育。在陆地棉中沉默GhGELP23D显著降低纤维长度。GhGELP23D在植物细胞伸长发育过程中发挥重要作用。
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  • 新疆维吾尔自治区天山英才项目(2022TSYCCX0121)
  • 国家自然科学基金面上项目(32570642)
  • 新疆维吾尔自治区科技项目(2024A02002-3)
  • 新疆生产建设兵团科技项目(2023ZD052)
  • 石河子大学科技项目(RCZK202471)
  • 石河子大学科技项目(GJHZ202302)
  • 石河子大学科技项目(CXBJ202309)
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2026年第59卷第16期
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doi: 10.3864/j.issn.0578-1752.2026.16.003
  • 接收时间:2026-01-06
  • 首发时间:2026-09-03
  • 出版时间:2026-08-16
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  • 收稿日期:2026-01-06
  • 录用日期:2026-03-05
基金
新疆维吾尔自治区天山英才项目(2022TSYCCX0121)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(32570642)
新疆维吾尔自治区科技项目(2024A02002-3)
新疆生产建设兵团科技项目(2023ZD052)
石河子大学科技项目(RCZK202471)
石河子大学科技项目(GJHZ202302)
石河子大学科技项目(CXBJ202309)
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    石河子大学生命科学学院, 新疆石河子 832003

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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