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Article(id=1317870272095564387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781486805975183, issueId=1317870111650861922, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202509018, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1758988800000, receivedDateStr=2025-09-28, revisedDate=1766160000000, revisedDateStr=2025-12-20, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1792134357712, onlineDateStr=2026-10-16, pubDate=1792425600000, pubDateStr=2026-10-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1792134357712, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-16, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1792134357712, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1792134357712, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1317870111650861922, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781486805975183, year='2026', volume='45', issue='10', pageStart='973', pageEnd='1112', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1792425600000', pubDateStr='2026-10-20', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1792134319460, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1792134412817, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1317870503340131086, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781486805975183, issueId=1317870111650861922, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1317870503340131087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781486805975183, issueId=1317870111650861922, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1096, endPage=1105, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1317870272284308068, articleId=1317870272095564387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781486805975183, language=EN, title=Synergistic La-Ce Modification of Inclusions in U71Mn Heavy Rail Steel and Its Strengthening-Toughening, columnId=1317870145079464010, journalTitle=Materials China, columnName=Research Report, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Rare-earth elements, as modifiers, exhibit high effectiveness in microalloying, inclusion modification, microstructural optimization, and grain refinement. To improve the comprehensive mechanical properties and service performance of heavy rail steel for complex railway operating conditions, U71Mn heavy rail steels with different La-Ce mixed rare-earth contents were melted in a vacuum induction furnace. The evolution of inclusions was characterized and analyzed using FactSage, SEM, and automatic inclusion analysis software. Vickers microhardness, impact resistance at room and low temperatures, and tensile properties were also tested, together with fracture morphology analysis. The results showed that rare-earth addition transformed the inclusion system from MnS- and silicate-dominated inclusions to (La, Ce)2O2S-dominated inclusions. Owing to spheroidization modification, the inclusion morphology evolved from irregular shapes to spherical or ellipsoidal forms. The number of inclusions within the scanned field progressively decreased, with the increasing of rare-earth content. As the total mixed rare-earth content increased from 0 to 0.026%, the microhardness increased from 278 to 287 and 294 HV3, the yield strength increased from 538 to 582 and 610 MPa, the tensile strength increased from 907 to 948 and 978 MPa, and the elongation after fracture increased from 8.00% to 11.73% and 19.13%. The impact energies at room temperature, -20 and -40 ℃ reached maximum values of 7.6, 7.4, and 6.8 J, respectively, with maximum increases of 52.00%, 54.17% and 112.5% compared with the steel without rare-earth addition. The coefficient of variation of microhardness first increased and then decreased, reaching a minimum of approximately 4.80% at a total rare-earth content of 0.026%, indicating improved homogeneity of the microstructure and mechanical properties.

, authors=Ximing YANG1, Lei REN1, 2, Jichun YANG1, 2, Xinfang ZHANG1, 2, authorsList=Ximing YANG, Lei REN, Jichun YANG, Xinfang ZHANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Lei REN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1317870272527577701, articleId=1317870272095564387, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1316781486805975183, language=CN, title=La-Ce协同改性U71Mn重轨钢夹杂物及其强韧化研究, columnId=1317870145259819084, journalTitle=中国材料进展, columnName=研究论文, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

稀土元素作为改性剂，在微合金化、改性夹杂物、改善组织、细化晶粒等方面具有高能效性。为提高重轨钢的综合力学性能以及服役性能，使其适用于复杂的铁路工况，采用真空感应炉冶炼了不同La-Ce混合稀土含量梯度的U71Mn重轨钢，通过FactSage、扫描电子显微镜、全自动夹杂物分析软件对夹杂物演变规律进行分析表征，并测试维氏显微硬度、室温与低温抗冲击性能及拉伸性能，同时开展断口形貌分析。结果表明：稀土加入使夹杂体系由“MnS、硅酸盐主导”转变为“（La，Ce）2O2S主导”，基于球化改性作用，夹杂物形貌由不规则状演化为球形或椭球形，随稀土含量提高，在扫描视场内的夹杂物数量逐级减少。力学性能随稀土含量递增而协同提升：混合稀土质量分数由0增加至0.0127%和0.026%，显微硬度由278增至287与294 HV3；屈服强度由538增至582与610 MPa，抗拉强度由907增至948与978 MPa；断后延伸率由8.00%增至11.73%与19.13%。实验钢在20，-20及-40 ℃下的冲击功分别最高提升至7.6，7.4与6.8 J，相对未加稀土样品最大增幅达52.00%，54.17%与112.5%。显微硬度离散系数先增后降，在混合稀土质量分数为0.026%条件下达到最低（≈4.80%），表明组织与性能更加均质化。

, authors=杨希明1, 任磊1, 2, 杨吉春1, 2, 张新房1, 2, authorsList=杨希明, 任磊, 杨吉春, 张新房, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=任磊, authorNote=

杨希明，男，2001年生，硕士研究生

, correspAuthorsNote=
任磊，男，1989年生，教授，博士生导师，Email：
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杨希明，男，2001年生，硕士研究生

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杨希明，男，2001年生，硕士研究生

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La-Ce协同改性U71Mn重轨钢夹杂物及其强韧化研究
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杨希明 1 , 任磊 1, 2 , 杨吉春 1, 2 , 张新房 1, 2
中国材料进展 | 研究论文 2026,45(10): 1096-1105
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中国材料进展 |研究论文 2026 , 45 (10) : 1096 -1105
La-Ce协同改性U71Mn重轨钢夹杂物及其强韧化研究
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杨希明，男，2001年生，硕士研究生

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杨希明1, 任磊1, 2 , 杨吉春1, 2, 张新房1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.内蒙古科技大学稀土产业学院，内蒙古　包头　014010
  • 2.轻稀土资源绿色提取与高效利用教育部重点实验室（内蒙古科技大学），内蒙古　包头　014010
通讯作者:
任磊，男，1989年生，教授，博士生导师，Email：
作者简介:

杨希明，男，2001年生，硕士研究生

Synergistic La-Ce Modification of Inclusions in U71Mn Heavy Rail Steel and Its Strengthening-Toughening
Ximing YANG1, Lei REN1, 2 , Jichun YANG1, 2, Xinfang ZHANG1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Rare Earth Industry, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, China
  • 2.Key Laboratory of Green Extraction & Efficient Utilization of Light Rare-Earth Resources (Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology), Ministry of Education, Baotou 014010, China
出版时间: 2026-10-20 doi: 10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202509018
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摘要
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稀土元素作为改性剂，在微合金化、改性夹杂物、改善组织、细化晶粒等方面具有高能效性。为提高重轨钢的综合力学性能以及服役性能，使其适用于复杂的铁路工况，采用真空感应炉冶炼了不同La-Ce混合稀土含量梯度的U71Mn重轨钢，通过FactSage、扫描电子显微镜、全自动夹杂物分析软件对夹杂物演变规律进行分析表征，并测试维氏显微硬度、室温与低温抗冲击性能及拉伸性能，同时开展断口形貌分析。结果表明：稀土加入使夹杂体系由“MnS、硅酸盐主导”转变为“（La，Ce）2O2S主导”，基于球化改性作用，夹杂物形貌由不规则状演化为球形或椭球形，随稀土含量提高，在扫描视场内的夹杂物数量逐级减少。力学性能随稀土含量递增而协同提升：混合稀土质量分数由0增加至0.0127%和0.026%，显微硬度由278增至287与294 HV3；屈服强度由538增至582与610 MPa，抗拉强度由907增至948与978 MPa；断后延伸率由8.00%增至11.73%与19.13%。实验钢在20，-20及-40 ℃下的冲击功分别最高提升至7.6，7.4与6.8 J，相对未加稀土样品最大增幅达52.00%，54.17%与112.5%。显微硬度离散系数先增后降，在混合稀土质量分数为0.026%条件下达到最低（≈4.80%），表明组织与性能更加均质化。

稀土  /  夹杂物  /  改性  /  U71Mn重轨钢  /  热力学  /  MnS

Rare-earth elements, as modifiers, exhibit high effectiveness in microalloying, inclusion modification, microstructural optimization, and grain refinement. To improve the comprehensive mechanical properties and service performance of heavy rail steel for complex railway operating conditions, U71Mn heavy rail steels with different La-Ce mixed rare-earth contents were melted in a vacuum induction furnace. The evolution of inclusions was characterized and analyzed using FactSage, SEM, and automatic inclusion analysis software. Vickers microhardness, impact resistance at room and low temperatures, and tensile properties were also tested, together with fracture morphology analysis. The results showed that rare-earth addition transformed the inclusion system from MnS- and silicate-dominated inclusions to (La, Ce)2O2S-dominated inclusions. Owing to spheroidization modification, the inclusion morphology evolved from irregular shapes to spherical or ellipsoidal forms. The number of inclusions within the scanned field progressively decreased, with the increasing of rare-earth content. As the total mixed rare-earth content increased from 0 to 0.026%, the microhardness increased from 278 to 287 and 294 HV3, the yield strength increased from 538 to 582 and 610 MPa, the tensile strength increased from 907 to 948 and 978 MPa, and the elongation after fracture increased from 8.00% to 11.73% and 19.13%. The impact energies at room temperature, -20 and -40 ℃ reached maximum values of 7.6, 7.4, and 6.8 J, respectively, with maximum increases of 52.00%, 54.17% and 112.5% compared with the steel without rare-earth addition. The coefficient of variation of microhardness first increased and then decreased, reaching a minimum of approximately 4.80% at a total rare-earth content of 0.026%, indicating improved homogeneity of the microstructure and mechanical properties.

rare-earth  /  inclusions  /  modification  /  U71Mn heavy rail steel  /  thermodynamics  /  MnS
杨希明, 任磊, 杨吉春, 张新房. La-Ce协同改性U71Mn重轨钢夹杂物及其强韧化研究. 中国材料进展, 2026 , 45 (10) : 1096 -1105 . DOI: 10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202509018
Ximing YANG, Lei REN, Jichun YANG, Xinfang ZHANG. Synergistic La-Ce Modification of Inclusions in U71Mn Heavy Rail Steel and Its Strengthening-Toughening[J]. Materials China, 2026 , 45 (10) : 1096 -1105 . DOI: 10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202509018
基金
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  • 国家自然科学基金项目(52464043; 52264045)
  • 内蒙古自治区杰出青年基金项目(2025JQ004)
  • 2023年青年科技人才培养项目(NJYT23117)
  • 内蒙古自治区一流学科专项(YLXKZX-NKD-010; YLXKZX-NKD-001)
  • 内蒙古科技大学基础科研业务费专项(0406082229)
  • 白云鄂博稀土资源研究与综合利用国家重点实验室开放项目(NKDHX2025016)
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2026年第45卷第10期
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doi: 10.7502/j.issn.1674-3962.202509018
  • 接收时间：2025-09-28
  • 首发时间：2026-10-16
  • 出版时间：2026-10-20
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  • 收稿日期：2025-09-28
  • 修回日期：2025-12-20
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(52464043; 52264045)
内蒙古自治区杰出青年基金项目(2025JQ004)
2023年青年科技人才培养项目(NJYT23117)
内蒙古自治区一流学科专项(YLXKZX-NKD-010; YLXKZX-NKD-001)
内蒙古科技大学基础科研业务费专项(0406082229)
白云鄂博稀土资源研究与综合利用国家重点实验室开放项目(NKDHX2025016)
作者信息
    1.内蒙古科技大学稀土产业学院，内蒙古　包头　014010
    2.轻稀土资源绿色提取与高效利用教育部重点实验室（内蒙古科技大学），内蒙古　包头　014010

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任磊，男，1989年生，教授，博士生导师，Email：
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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