Article(id=1149754261422125383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, issueId=1149754257689194795, articleNumber=1003-3033(2024)S1-0072-07, orderNo=null, doi=10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.S1.0029, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1704988800000, receivedDateStr=2024-01-12, revisedDate=1715702400000, revisedDateStr=2024-05-15, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752052377323, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=1719676800000, pubDateStr=2024-06-30, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752052377323, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752052377323, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752052377323, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149754257689194795, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, year='2024', volume='34', issue='S1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='284', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752052376434, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1756362003807, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1167830145076311009, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, issueId=1149754257689194795, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1167830145076311010, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, issueId=1149754257689194795, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=72, endPage=78, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149754261677977930, articleId=1149754261422125383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, language=EN, title=Dust migration characteristics of mixed ventilation in drainage corridor constructed by TBM method, columnId=1149733269173878863, journalTitle=China Safety Science Journal, columnName=Safety engineering technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to solve the problems of serious dust accumulation and insignificant effect of ventilation and dust removal during the construction by full-section hard rock TBM method in the drainage corridor,the construction project of the drainage corridor of Jinyun Pumped Storage Power Station in Zhejiang Province was studied. Firstly,a three-dimensional model of the drainage corridor was established and meshed. Through mixed ventilation,the numerical simulation software Fluent was used to study the migration characteristics of airflow and dust. Then,by taking the three ventilation parameters of the distance between the dust removal air duct and the tunnel face,the distance between the ventilation air duct and the tunnel face,and the wind speed and pumping pressure ratio of the double duct as variables,the influence of the three parameters on the dust removal effect was explored respectively,and the three ventilation parameters were optimized. Finally,three preferred values were taken as the preferred scheme for field measurement to verify the dust removal effect of the scheme. The results show that the tunnel airflow presents different regions such as the jet zone,vortex zone,and recirculation zone. Dust diffusion is serious when forced ventilation (single ventilation duct) is adopted for energy saving. With the increase in the distance between the dust removal air duct and the ventilation air duct from the tunnel face,the dust mass concentration decreases first and then increases,and when the respective distances are 10 m and 12 m,the dust removal effect is better. When the pumping pressure ratio is 2,the dust removal effect is further improved. Compared with the original ventilation scheme,the optimized scheme achieves an average dust reduction rate of more than 95%,and the dust mass concentration in the staff concentration area is reduced to less than 2 mg/m3,which meets the relevant standards.

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为解决排水廊道全断面硬岩隧道掘进机法(TBM)施工过程中粉尘聚集严重,通风除尘效果不显著等问题,以浙江缙云抽水蓄能电站排水廊道施工工程为依托,首先,建立排水廊道三维模型并进行网格划分,通过混合式通风方式,利用数值模拟软件Fluent研究风流和粉尘的运移特征;然后,以除尘风筒、通风风筒距工作面的距离以及双风筒风速抽压比3种通风参数为变量,分别探究上述3种参数对除尘效果的影响,优选出3种通风参数值;最后,取3个优选值作为优选方案进行现场实测,验证该方案除尘效果。结果表明:隧道风流呈现射流区、涡流区以及回流区等不同区域;考虑节能而采用压入式通风(单通风风筒)方式时,粉尘扩散严重;随着除尘风筒和通风风筒距工作面距离的增大,粉尘质量浓度呈现先降低后增长的趋势,且当各自的距离分别为10 和12 m时,除尘效果较为良好;抽压比为2时,除尘效果进一步得到改善,与原有通风方案进行比较,优选方案实现了95%以上的平均降尘率,且工作人员集中区域粉尘质量浓度降至2 mg/m3以下,符合相关标准。

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何少云 (1975—),男,江西崇仁人,硕士,正高级工程师,主要从事水利水电工程方面的工作。E-mail:

刘孝轩,工程师;

吴小林,高级工程师;

王付利,正高级工程师;

唐骁,高级工程师。

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何少云 (1975—),男,江西崇仁人,硕士,正高级工程师,主要从事水利水电工程方面的工作。E-mail:

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何少云 (1975—),男,江西崇仁人,硕士,正高级工程师,主要从事水利水电工程方面的工作。E-mail:

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吴小林,高级工程师;

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articleId=1149754261422125383, language=EN, label=Fig.14, caption=Dust mass concentration at measuring points, figureFileSmall=U2218YP/at8NNiCloeH1Ow==, figureFileBig=Z35+ehD132uFimQ0HoRyPQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167751459966824925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149754261422125383, language=CN, label=图14, caption=各测点粉尘质量浓度, figureFileSmall=U2218YP/at8NNiCloeH1Ow==, figureFileBig=Z35+ehD132uFimQ0HoRyPQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167751460050711006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149754261422125383, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Dust source parameter setting

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粉尘喷射选项及参数 设置状态或参数值
粉尘类型 SiO2
密度/(kg·m-3) 2 320
喷射类型 面喷射
质量流率/(kg·s-1) 0.000 8
平均粒径/m 1×10-6
), ArticleFig(id=1167751460176540127, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149754261422125383, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

粉尘源参数设置

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粉尘喷射选项及参数 设置状态或参数值
粉尘类型 SiO2
密度/(kg·m-3) 2 320
喷射类型 面喷射
质量流率/(kg·s-1) 0.000 8
平均粒径/m 1×10-6
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啊啊啊TBM法施工排水廊道混合式通风粉尘运移特征
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何少云 1 , 刘孝轩 1 , 吴小林 1 , 王付利 2 , 唐骁 1
中国安全科学学报 | 安全工程技术 2024,34(S1): 72-78
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中国安全科学学报 | 安全工程技术 2024, 34(S1): 72-78
啊啊啊TBM法施工排水廊道混合式通风粉尘运移特征
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何少云1 , 刘孝轩1, 吴小林1, 王付利2, 唐骁1
作者信息
  • 1 浙江缙云抽水蓄能有限公司,浙江 缙云 321400
  • 2 中铁工程装备集团技术服务有限公司,河南 郑州 450016
  • 何少云 (1975—),男,江西崇仁人,硕士,正高级工程师,主要从事水利水电工程方面的工作。E-mail:

    刘孝轩,工程师;

    吴小林,高级工程师;

    王付利,正高级工程师;

    唐骁,高级工程师。

Dust migration characteristics of mixed ventilation in drainage corridor constructed by TBM method
Shaoyun HE1 , Xiaoxuan LIU1, Xiaolin WU1, Fuli WANG2, Xiao TANG1
Affiliations
  • 1 Zhejiang Jinyun Pumped Storage Power Co.,Ltd.,Jinyun Zhejiang 321400,China
  • 2 China Railway Engineering Equipment Group Technical Service Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou Henan 450016,China
出版时间: 2024-06-30 doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.S1.0029
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为解决排水廊道全断面硬岩隧道掘进机法(TBM)施工过程中粉尘聚集严重,通风除尘效果不显著等问题,以浙江缙云抽水蓄能电站排水廊道施工工程为依托,首先,建立排水廊道三维模型并进行网格划分,通过混合式通风方式,利用数值模拟软件Fluent研究风流和粉尘的运移特征;然后,以除尘风筒、通风风筒距工作面的距离以及双风筒风速抽压比3种通风参数为变量,分别探究上述3种参数对除尘效果的影响,优选出3种通风参数值;最后,取3个优选值作为优选方案进行现场实测,验证该方案除尘效果。结果表明:隧道风流呈现射流区、涡流区以及回流区等不同区域;考虑节能而采用压入式通风(单通风风筒)方式时,粉尘扩散严重;随着除尘风筒和通风风筒距工作面距离的增大,粉尘质量浓度呈现先降低后增长的趋势,且当各自的距离分别为10 和12 m时,除尘效果较为良好;抽压比为2时,除尘效果进一步得到改善,与原有通风方案进行比较,优选方案实现了95%以上的平均降尘率,且工作人员集中区域粉尘质量浓度降至2 mg/m3以下,符合相关标准。

隧道掘进机法(TBM)  /  排水廊道  /  混合式通风  /  粉尘  /  数值模拟

In order to solve the problems of serious dust accumulation and insignificant effect of ventilation and dust removal during the construction by full-section hard rock TBM method in the drainage corridor,the construction project of the drainage corridor of Jinyun Pumped Storage Power Station in Zhejiang Province was studied. Firstly,a three-dimensional model of the drainage corridor was established and meshed. Through mixed ventilation,the numerical simulation software Fluent was used to study the migration characteristics of airflow and dust. Then,by taking the three ventilation parameters of the distance between the dust removal air duct and the tunnel face,the distance between the ventilation air duct and the tunnel face,and the wind speed and pumping pressure ratio of the double duct as variables,the influence of the three parameters on the dust removal effect was explored respectively,and the three ventilation parameters were optimized. Finally,three preferred values were taken as the preferred scheme for field measurement to verify the dust removal effect of the scheme. The results show that the tunnel airflow presents different regions such as the jet zone,vortex zone,and recirculation zone. Dust diffusion is serious when forced ventilation (single ventilation duct) is adopted for energy saving. With the increase in the distance between the dust removal air duct and the ventilation air duct from the tunnel face,the dust mass concentration decreases first and then increases,and when the respective distances are 10 m and 12 m,the dust removal effect is better. When the pumping pressure ratio is 2,the dust removal effect is further improved. Compared with the original ventilation scheme,the optimized scheme achieves an average dust reduction rate of more than 95%,and the dust mass concentration in the staff concentration area is reduced to less than 2 mg/m3,which meets the relevant standards.

tunnel boring machine (TBM) method  /  drainage corridor  /  mixed ventilation  /  dust  /  numerical simulation
何少云, 刘孝轩, 吴小林, 王付利, 唐骁. 啊啊啊TBM法施工排水廊道混合式通风粉尘运移特征. 中国安全科学学报, 2024 , 34 (S1) : 72 -78 . DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.S1.0029
Shaoyun HE, Xiaoxuan LIU, Xiaolin WU, Fuli WANG, Xiao TANG. Dust migration characteristics of mixed ventilation in drainage corridor constructed by TBM method[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024 , 34 (S1) : 72 -78 . DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.S1.0029
为实现碳达峰、碳中和,调整我国能源结构,抽水蓄能电站日益受到人们关注[1]。由于传统钻爆法存在工期长、质量低等缺点,抽蓄电站排水廊道的施工越来越多地采用全断面硬岩隧道掘进机(Tunnel Boring Machine,TBM)法施工[2-3]。TBM掘进施工过程中,刀盘和带式输送机的运转,产生的大量可吸入性粉尘严重影响施工进度[4-5]。因此,开展混合式通风下粉尘运移特征研究,对优化TBM通风设计和现场实施具有重要意义[6-8]
为解决隧道粉尘扩散问题,国内外学者开展了大量研究,如龚晓燕等[9]获得不同通风参数粉尘浓度的回归数据,并通过构建双目标优化模型,得到了最优风流调控方案,除尘效果显著提高;TORANO等[10]利用流体计算模型研究辅助通风系统对粉尘扩散的影响,进一步优化了通风系统模型,避免了传统方式的繁琐计算;蒋仲安等[11]以高原矿井为研究对象,结合模拟结果分析粉尘的扩散路径,得到了合适的通风除尘参数;荆德吉等[12]提出一种新型喷雾降尘方案,并采用数值模拟方法研究粉尘运移情况,结果表明:该方案可有效控制胶带运输巷粉尘,除尘效率达94.1%;VREMAN等[13]对含固体颗粒的湍流通道进行了大涡模拟研究,揭示了固体颗粒在湍流通道中的运动特征,为优化颗粒分离过程提供了重要理论支持。此外,国内外还有大量针对TBM隧道通风除尘系统的研究成果[14-18]。相对于采用TBM施工的常规隧道,排水廊道具有更小的洞径以及更多的小转弯半径,粉尘运移特征复杂难定,繁琐的施工工序对通风除尘系统的要求更高,然而,现有关于该领域除尘系统的研究相对较少。
鉴于此,笔者以浙江缙云抽蓄电站排水廊道TBM法施工为例,分析混合式通风过程中粉尘运移特征,探究将粉尘质量浓度降至标准值以下的最佳通风系统设置,以期提高排水廊道施工的通风除尘效果。
浙江缙云抽水蓄能电站排水廊道全长3 834.338 m,均采用TBM施工,设备选用直径3.53 m超小半径紧凑型TBM。排水廊道TBM法施工段采用混合式通风除尘系统,通风风筒将新鲜空气送入工作面附近,卷吸粉尘后通过除尘风筒抽取污浊气流并排出隧道。洞内总计算需风量为280 m3/min,为满足供风要求,选用2台进口变频风机串联供风,最大功率为22 kW,最大风量300 m3/min。风机出口20 m左右采用承压的负压风筒,其余为普通风筒,双风筒均布置在距工作面20 m以内,风筒管径均为500 mm。
TBM掘进过程中,TBM主机刀盘破碎岩壁产生的粉尘占隧道内粉尘的90%以上,隧洞中含10%以下二氧化硅的粉尘最大质量浓度为2 mg/m3,施工现场所用的通风除尘设施应具备将粉尘质量浓度降低至规定值以下的能力[19]
利用三维建模软件按1∶1比例构建物理模型,模型断面直径3.53 m、长35 m,双风筒直径均为500.0 mm,对称分布于隧道两侧位置。将几何模型导入网格划分软件中进行非结构化网格划分,采取更小的单位网格尺寸划分双风筒、工作面及其到风筒进出口之间的空间,得到模型及网格划分如图1所示。
对隧道模型进行3次网格划分,网格数量分别是92万、107万和124万。以除尘风筒距工作面距离LO为10 m时,隧道轴向方向上粉尘质量浓度为网格独立性检验的参考依据,网格独立性检验如图2所示。从图2可以看出,3种网格数量下,结果曲线几乎重合且误差较小,表明3种网格数量均满足计算结果准确性的要求,为充分利用计算机算力,采用网格数量为92万的计算模型。
混合式通风双风筒的入口均设为速度入口,隧洞出口断面设为压力出口,水力直径取风筒直径,风速依据试验需求具体设置。连续相选择稳态计算和绝对速度,离散相选择瞬态计算。重力加速度数值为9.81 m/s2,方向为Y轴负方向。模型粉尘源参数设置见表1
取通风风筒距隧道工作面距离LI为12 m,入射风速VI为10 m/s;除尘风筒距隧道工作面距离LO=8 m,抽取风速VO=15 m/s;双风筒中心距隧道底部高度均为2.76 m。模拟得到Y=2.76 m平面上风流场速度云图及速度矢量图如图3所示。在图3上设置X1X8共8个测点,用以对比模拟风速与现场实测风速,从而验证模型的可靠性。
测得模拟风速与实测风速数据以及二者间相对误差如图4所示。
图3图4看出,新鲜风流形成射流并贴着隧洞侧壁向工作面方向流动,射流断面不断扩大,速度降低,并在撞击工作面后产生回转风流。随后2种方向的风流交汇形成涡流区,此时速度降至最低1.95 m/s。回转风流一部分受除尘风筒吸力作用,加速进入除尘风筒,速度最大15.17 m/s,另一小部分则形成回流区向后扩散。
由于TBM的空间限制,频繁调整除尘风机的位置严重降低了施工效率,并且增加能耗成本。而压入式通风在保证供风量的同时,同样可以达到一定的除尘效果。因此,文中引入压入式通风作为对照组,探究在仅有独头通风风筒情况下的粉尘运移特征,取上述VI为10 m/s,数值模拟结果如图5所示。
图5可以看出,在仅有通风系统,没有除尘系统的情况下,隧道前端12 m范围内粉尘虽然有所降低,但更多粉尘伴随风流向后扩散,在隧道中部15~22 m范围内严重聚集,并最终遍布整个隧道,考虑TBM施工隧道各处均有人员活动,因此,独头压入式通风并不可取,在掘进过程中增设除尘系统是必要的。
为探讨除尘风筒距工作面的距离对粉尘浓度的影响,将LO作为变量,结合排水廊道实际工程,建立LO为3、5、8、10和12 m的物理模型,通过数值计算得到合理的除尘风筒位置。设LI为12 m、VI为10 m/s、VO为12 m/s时,得到不同LO取值下人体呼吸带高度平面(Y=1.5 m平面)的隧道粉尘质量浓度分布云图,如图6所示。
图6可以看出,随着LO的增加,Y=1.5 m平面上粉尘质量浓度呈现先增加后降低的趋势。当LO为3、5 m时,由于除尘风筒入口距工作面过近,难以形成有效的抽压流场,导致粉尘难以有效排出;当LO为8、10 m时,回转风流自左下向右上移动,裹挟粉尘较为顺畅的被除尘风筒卷吸并排出,粉尘平均质量浓度降低,除尘效果明显。当LO为12 m时,除尘风筒距工作面距离过远,对于隧道前端的流场负压作用较小,粉尘进入涡流区并难以排出,除尘效果不明显。
LO取不同值时,粉尘分布亦不相同,其在隧道轴向方向上具体数值与运移特性如图7所示。
图7可知:粉尘浓度均逐渐下降,但下降的速度以及最终的质量浓度并不相同。相较而言,当LO为10 m时,粉尘质量浓度下降最快,在5 m左右便达到了较大幅度的下降,从98.3 mg/m3下降至36.7 mg/m3,且此后一直保持较低的质量浓度值,最终仅为8.36 mg/m3。因此,LO=10 m可以作为较合理的除尘风筒布置位置。
混合式通风方式应用中,双风筒距工作面的距离均对除尘效果有较大影响,在上述除尘距离优选值LO为10 m的基础上,分别取通风风筒距工作面距离LI为7、9、12、14和16 m开展数值模拟试验,得到人体呼吸带高度平面(Y=1.5 m平面)上粉尘质量浓度云图如图8所示。
图8可知:随着通风风筒距工作面距离的增加,呼吸带平面上粉尘质量浓度分布呈现先降低后增长的趋势。其中,当LI为16 m时,粉尘质量浓度最高且扩散距离最远,推测在抽取风力一定的情况下,缺少入射风流的隔绝作用,大部分粉尘进入涡流区难以排出,并随着工作面不断产尘,隧道内粉尘质量浓度越来越高,扩散距离越来越远。当LI为12 m时,入射风流与回风流形成风幕,且风幕位置位于除尘风筒风口后方,阻止前端粉尘向后方运动,除尘风筒处理的含尘回风流增多,有效降低了粉尘质量浓度。LI取不同值时,绘制隧道轴向方向上粉尘质量浓度变化趋势如图9所示。
由于选用优选值LO=10 m,粉尘的初始质量浓度有所下降,且在各LI取值下,粉尘质量浓度下降速度以及下降幅度均有所增加。相较而言,当LI为12 m时,粉尘大多数被阻隔在距工作面10 m范围内,质量浓度最低值仅为3.47 mg/m3,除尘效果显著。总体而言,随着LI在7~16 m 范围内变化,当LI为12 m时,除尘效果最佳。
LI=12 m、LO=10 m为优选值,设置抽压比K分别为1.0、1.5和2.0,固定其他因素进行模拟分析。结合缙云抽水蓄能电站排水廊道施工实际,取VI为10 m/s,则VO为10、15和20 m/s。粉尘平均质量浓度模拟结果如图10所示。
图10可知:隧洞内粉尘平均质量浓度随K增大而下降。当K为1.0时,入射气流经工作面碰撞返回后的气流无法全部被除尘风筒抽取,粉尘主要集中在工作面至通风与除尘风筒出口中间;当K为1.5时,除尘效果明显优于K为1.0时的除尘效果,仅有少量粉尘因风筒入口处复杂的空气流场未被完全抽取;当K为2.0时,工作面产生的粉尘在抽压风筒的联合作用下几乎完全被排出,除尘效果相较于前2组模拟更为明显。
抽压比K取不同值时,工作人员集中区域(距工作面10 m处)粉尘质量浓度随时间的变化如图11所示。
图11可知:随着K的增大,隧道工作人员集中区域内粉尘质量浓度降低的更快。随着TBM开始工作,前10 min粉尘质量浓度逐步升高,在此期间除尘系统也开始工作。当K为2.0时,粉尘质量浓度在初期便得到了有效抑制,相对于K为1.0和1.5的条件下,粉尘质量浓度升高的峰值不大;随着除尘系统持续工作,K为2.0时粉尘质量浓度下降速度更快且幅度更大,并最终降至2 mg/m3以下,达到安全施工的要求。故选用抽压比K为2.0为合理的通风参数。
为验证3.3,3.4和3.5节得到的优选模拟值对排水廊道的除尘效果,在现场采用模拟方案,每隔5 m设置测点进行实测,同时与原始现场通风方案对比,并计算降尘率,测点布置如图12所示。施工现场实测图如图13所示。
将前后2种通风方案得到的测点数据汇总,并绘制各测点数据如图14所示。
图14可知:使用现场方案时,全尘质量浓度最高82.53 mg/m3,呼尘质量浓度最高52.61 mg/m3,且工作人员集中区域(测点2位置)全尘质量浓度达到了28.52 mg/m3,呼尘质量浓度达到28.62 mg/m3,均不符合相关要求;而使用模拟方案时,粉尘质量浓度有了大幅度的下降且始终保持较低水平,测点2处全尘质量浓度仅有1.85 mg/m3,呼尘质量浓度只有1.07 mg/m3,降至2 mg/m3以下,且实现了95%以上的平均降尘率,符合国家标准规定。
1) 入射风流在射出风筒出口后速度逐渐递减,形成贴壁风流入射在工作面上。回转风流大部分被除尘风筒抽取,速度有所提升。小部分风速较小,风流平稳,从隧道出口排出。
2) 通过逐步数值模拟以及分析各位置粉尘质量浓度,得到较为合理的通风参数分别为LO=10 m、LI=12 m以及K=2.0。
3)对比模拟方案与原始现场方案,结果显示,模拟方案粉尘质量浓度降至2 mg/m3以下,平均降尘率在95%以上,除尘表现更佳,该模拟方案具有工程意义。
  • 国网新源公司科技项目资助(SGXYKJ-2022-095)
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2024年第34卷第S1期
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doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.S1.0029
  • 接收时间:2024-01-12
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
  • 出版时间:2024-06-30
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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-12
  • 修回日期:2024-05-15
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国网新源公司科技项目资助(SGXYKJ-2022-095)
作者信息
    1 浙江缙云抽水蓄能有限公司,浙江 缙云 321400
    2 中铁工程装备集团技术服务有限公司,河南 郑州 450016
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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Genus
种数
Number of
species
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species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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