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In order to investigate the spatio-temporal evolution of mining-induced fissures and change characteristics of pressure relief gas-enriched area in the overlying rock of the slowly inclined coal bed,physical similarity simulation and field monitoring method were used to analyze the evolution and distribution characteristics of the fissure in the overlying rock. The evolution characteristics of the pressure relief gas-enriched area were studied to determine the parameter arrangement scheme of the high directional drilling holes,and the effect test was carried out. The results show that the test working face has a height of 13 m along the caving zone of the coal bed,and the height of the fissure zone is 68.5 m. The fissure network along the working face is affected by the inclination angle of the coal bed,and the fracture angle of the working face is 54°-59°. The openness of the fissure development is gradually increasing upward from the working face,and the gas transportation channel is asymmetric. The whole life cycle of the gas extraction process by high directional drilling can be divided into the early stage of extraction,the middle stage of extraction,and the end stage of extraction according to the extraction volume fraction. In the early stage of extraction,the volume fraction is low. The middle stage of extraction has high efficiency in the whole life cycle of extraction. In the late stage of extraction,the volume fraction shows a sharp decline. After the implementation of the high directional and long drilling technology,the volume fractions of the gas in the upper corners of the working face and in the return-air tunnel are all less than 0.8%,indicating a good effect of the gas extraction,and the arrangement of the high drilling holes is reasonable.

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为探究缓斜煤层覆岩采动裂隙时空演化及卸压瓦斯富集区的变化特征,采用物理相似模拟和现场监测方法,分析采动覆岩裂隙演化和裂隙分布特征;研究卸压瓦斯富集区演化特征,确定高位定向钻孔的合理布置参数方案,并进行效果检验。结果表明:试验工作面沿煤层走向垮落带高度13 m,裂隙带高度68.5 m,沿工作面倾向裂隙网络受煤层倾角影响,工作面断裂角为54°~59°,裂隙发育的开度自工作面向上逐渐增大,瓦斯运移通道呈现出明显的非对称性特征;高位定向钻孔全生命周期瓦斯抽采过程依据其抽采体积分数可分为抽采初期、抽采中期和抽采末期3个阶段,其中抽采初期抽采体积分数偏低,抽采中期为钻孔抽采生命周期内的高效抽采阶段,进入抽采末期抽采体积分数呈现急剧下降的趋势;高位定向长钻孔抽采技术实施后,工作面上隅角、回风巷瓦斯体积分数均小于0.8%,瓦斯抽采效果良好,高位钻孔的布置方式较为合理。

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双海清 (1988—),男,陕西靖边人,博士,副教授,主要从事矿井瓦斯灾害防治、关停矿井开发利用等方面的研究。E-mail:

林海飞,教授;

周斌,副教授。

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2 Key Laboratory of Western Mine Exploitation and Hazard Prevention,Ministry of Education,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an Shaanxi 710054,China
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2 西安科技大学 西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710054
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2 Key Laboratory of Western Mine Exploitation and Hazard Prevention,Ministry of Education,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an Shaanxi 710054,China
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周斌,副教授。

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Distribution of coal beds of different lithologies

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
厚度/m 岩性 岩性描述
5.0 细砂岩 棕灰色,中部含少量方解石及菱铁矿,局部胶结有泥岩碎块
4.8 中粒砂岩 灰白色,中夹薄层砂质泥岩,含少重白云母及菱铁结核
1.4 细砂岩 惊黄色细砂岩,含自云母碎片
4.8 砂质泥岩 棕黄色及灰色砂质泥岩,下部0.9 m为浅灰色泥岩
1.9 砂质泥岩 黄灰色砂质泥岩中部含褐紫色菱铁矿结核
3.1 泥岩 浅灰色泥岩,含植物化石碎片,中部夹灰黄色砂质泥岩
1.9 砂质泥岩 深灰色、黑色砂质泥岩,含自云母碎片
2.1 细砂岩 灰黄色细砂岩,夹粉砂岩和白云母碎片
1.2 粗砂岩 灰色相砂岩,中部含少量泥质砂岩
1.8 粗砂岩 浅灰至灰白色粗砂岩,含白云母片
1.9 泥质砂岩 深灰色,下部为泥岩,局部夹薄层煤线
2.0 细砂岩 浅灰色细砂岩,中部含白云母
3.0 泥质砂岩 深灰色泥质砂岩
4.1 砂质泥岩 黑色砂质泥岩,平行层面含少里白云母碎片
3.5 15 黑色块状,光亮型煤
), ArticleFig(id=1167751379595571376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149754258800685357, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同岩性煤岩层的分布情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
厚度/m 岩性 岩性描述
5.0 细砂岩 棕灰色,中部含少量方解石及菱铁矿,局部胶结有泥岩碎块
4.8 中粒砂岩 灰白色,中夹薄层砂质泥岩,含少重白云母及菱铁结核
1.4 细砂岩 惊黄色细砂岩,含自云母碎片
4.8 砂质泥岩 棕黄色及灰色砂质泥岩,下部0.9 m为浅灰色泥岩
1.9 砂质泥岩 黄灰色砂质泥岩中部含褐紫色菱铁矿结核
3.1 泥岩 浅灰色泥岩,含植物化石碎片,中部夹灰黄色砂质泥岩
1.9 砂质泥岩 深灰色、黑色砂质泥岩,含自云母碎片
2.1 细砂岩 灰黄色细砂岩,夹粉砂岩和白云母碎片
1.2 粗砂岩 灰色相砂岩,中部含少量泥质砂岩
1.8 粗砂岩 浅灰至灰白色粗砂岩,含白云母片
1.9 泥质砂岩 深灰色,下部为泥岩,局部夹薄层煤线
2.0 细砂岩 浅灰色细砂岩,中部含白云母
3.0 泥质砂岩 深灰色泥质砂岩
4.1 砂质泥岩 黑色砂质泥岩,平行层面含少里白云母碎片
3.5 15 黑色块状,光亮型煤
), ArticleFig(id=1167751379666874545, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149754258800685357, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Simulation test similarity ratio

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相似比 几何比
αL
时间比
αt
容重比
αγ
应力比
ασ
强度比
αE
走向模型 100 10 1.5 150 150
倾向模型 200 14 1.5 300 300
), ArticleFig(id=1167751379780120754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149754258800685357, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

模拟试验相似比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
相似比 几何比
αL
时间比
αt
容重比
αγ
应力比
ασ
强度比
αE
走向模型 100 10 1.5 150 150
倾向模型 200 14 1.5 300 300
), ArticleFig(id=1167751379918532787, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149754258800685357, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Parameters of high directional drilling hole arrangement

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钻孔编号 距顶板
高度/m
距回风巷
下帮/m
钻孔长度/
m
下筛管
深度/m
1 18 25 522 489
2 21 30 525 510
3 24 35 525 327
4 27 38 522 457
5 30 43 513 501
6 36 48 501 501
), ArticleFig(id=1167751380019196084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149754258800685357, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

高位定向钻孔布置参数

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钻孔编号 距顶板
高度/m
距回风巷
下帮/m
钻孔长度/
m
下筛管
深度/m
1 18 25 522 489
2 21 30 525 510
3 24 35 525 327
4 27 38 522 457
5 30 43 513 501
6 36 48 501 501
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缓倾斜煤层高位定向长钻孔抽采卸压瓦斯技术研究
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双海清 1, 2, 3 , 刘子嘉 1 , 林海飞 1, 2, 3 , 周斌 1, 2, 3 , 张文琦 1 , 罗永刚 4
中国安全科学学报 | 安全工程技术 2024,34(S1): 102-108
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中国安全科学学报 | 安全工程技术 2024, 34(S1): 102-108
缓倾斜煤层高位定向长钻孔抽采卸压瓦斯技术研究
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双海清1, 2, 3 , 刘子嘉1, 林海飞1, 2, 3, 周斌1, 2, 3, 张文琦1, 罗永刚4
作者信息
  • 1 西安科技大学 安全科学与工程学院,陕西 西安 710054
  • 2 西安科技大学 西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710054
  • 3 煤炭行业西部矿井瓦斯智能抽采工程研究中心,陕西 西安 710054
  • 4 陕西长武亭南煤业有限责任公司,陕西 咸阳 713600
  • 双海清 (1988—),男,陕西靖边人,博士,副教授,主要从事矿井瓦斯灾害防治、关停矿井开发利用等方面的研究。E-mail:

    林海飞,教授;

    周斌,副教授。

Research on high directional and long drilling technology for extracting pressure relief gas in slowly inclined coal bed
Haiqing SHUANG1, 2, 3 , Zijia LIU1, Haifei LIN1, 2, 3, Bin ZHOU1, 2, 3, Wenqi ZHANG1, Yonggang LUO4
Affiliations
  • 1 College of Safety Science and Engineering,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an Shaanxi 710054,China
  • 2 Key Laboratory of Western Mine Exploitation and Hazard Prevention,Ministry of Education,Xi'an University of Science and Technology,Xi'an Shaanxi 710054,China
  • 3 Western Engineering Research Center of Mine Gas Intelligent Drainage for Coal Industry,Xi'an Shaanxi 710054,China
  • 4 Shaanxi Changwu Tingnan Coal Co.,Xianyang Shaanxi 713600,China
出版时间: 2024-06-30 doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.S1.0024
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为探究缓斜煤层覆岩采动裂隙时空演化及卸压瓦斯富集区的变化特征,采用物理相似模拟和现场监测方法,分析采动覆岩裂隙演化和裂隙分布特征;研究卸压瓦斯富集区演化特征,确定高位定向钻孔的合理布置参数方案,并进行效果检验。结果表明:试验工作面沿煤层走向垮落带高度13 m,裂隙带高度68.5 m,沿工作面倾向裂隙网络受煤层倾角影响,工作面断裂角为54°~59°,裂隙发育的开度自工作面向上逐渐增大,瓦斯运移通道呈现出明显的非对称性特征;高位定向钻孔全生命周期瓦斯抽采过程依据其抽采体积分数可分为抽采初期、抽采中期和抽采末期3个阶段,其中抽采初期抽采体积分数偏低,抽采中期为钻孔抽采生命周期内的高效抽采阶段,进入抽采末期抽采体积分数呈现急剧下降的趋势;高位定向长钻孔抽采技术实施后,工作面上隅角、回风巷瓦斯体积分数均小于0.8%,瓦斯抽采效果良好,高位钻孔的布置方式较为合理。

缓倾斜煤层  /  高位定向长钻孔  /  瓦斯抽采  /  卸压瓦斯  /  采动裂隙

In order to investigate the spatio-temporal evolution of mining-induced fissures and change characteristics of pressure relief gas-enriched area in the overlying rock of the slowly inclined coal bed,physical similarity simulation and field monitoring method were used to analyze the evolution and distribution characteristics of the fissure in the overlying rock. The evolution characteristics of the pressure relief gas-enriched area were studied to determine the parameter arrangement scheme of the high directional drilling holes,and the effect test was carried out. The results show that the test working face has a height of 13 m along the caving zone of the coal bed,and the height of the fissure zone is 68.5 m. The fissure network along the working face is affected by the inclination angle of the coal bed,and the fracture angle of the working face is 54°-59°. The openness of the fissure development is gradually increasing upward from the working face,and the gas transportation channel is asymmetric. The whole life cycle of the gas extraction process by high directional drilling can be divided into the early stage of extraction,the middle stage of extraction,and the end stage of extraction according to the extraction volume fraction. In the early stage of extraction,the volume fraction is low. The middle stage of extraction has high efficiency in the whole life cycle of extraction. In the late stage of extraction,the volume fraction shows a sharp decline. After the implementation of the high directional and long drilling technology,the volume fractions of the gas in the upper corners of the working face and in the return-air tunnel are all less than 0.8%,indicating a good effect of the gas extraction,and the arrangement of the high drilling holes is reasonable.

slowly inclined coal bed  /  high directional and long drilling holes  /  gas extraction  /  pressure relief gas  /  mining-induced fissures
双海清, 刘子嘉, 林海飞, 周斌, 张文琦, 罗永刚. 缓倾斜煤层高位定向长钻孔抽采卸压瓦斯技术研究. 中国安全科学学报, 2024 , 34 (S1) : 102 -108 . DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.S1.0024
Haiqing SHUANG, Zijia LIU, Haifei LIN, Bin ZHOU, Wenqi ZHANG, Yonggang LUO. Research on high directional and long drilling technology for extracting pressure relief gas in slowly inclined coal bed[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024 , 34 (S1) : 102 -108 . DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.S1.0024
煤层开采后会引发上覆岩层运动以及裂隙场的改变,采动裂隙场的形成会为卸压瓦斯的储存和运输提供通道[1-2]。针对煤层透气性低的特点,大部分采掘工作面以布置普通高位钻孔抽采卸压瓦斯为主[3-5]。相较水平煤层而言,倾斜煤层上覆岩层的运动和裂隙发育特征更为复杂[6-8]。为此,开展缓倾斜煤层的采动裂隙演化特征研究,成为实现缓倾斜工作面卸压瓦斯精准防治的基础。
目前,众多学者针对倾斜煤层开采后覆岩裂隙演化特征及瓦斯抽采技术开展了大量研究。冯锦艳[9]、王金安[10]等针对倾斜煤层,利用物理相似模拟手段分析了覆岩采动裂隙演化特征,并定量化描述了其裂隙分布特征。刘传安等[11]认为不同区域岩体构造破断的分区特征是导致大倾角煤层覆岩采动裂隙形态分布呈现不对称性特征的重要原因。李春元[12]、甘智慧[13]等运用数值模拟方法探究了倾斜煤层开采底板破裂及其应力分布特征。在此基础上,伍永平等[14]认为采场围岩具有不对称应力分布特征,并建立了大倾角煤层采场力学模型。解盘石等[15]分析了大倾角大采高采场顶板结构特征与演化特征,得到顶板结构与煤壁的相互作用特征。以上研究成果为倾斜煤层卸压瓦斯抽采技术的发展提供了一定理论基础,能够有针对性地描述采动覆岩裂隙的演化特征。然而,对于缓倾斜煤层而言,煤层产状同时具备倾斜煤层及水平煤层的空间分布特征,采动影响下的覆岩裂隙和卸压瓦斯抽采特征缺乏系统研究。
鉴于此,笔者拟通过物理相似模拟试验,探究缓倾斜煤层开采条件下的覆岩裂隙演化特征,进而确定卸压瓦斯富集区,提出了高位定向长钻孔布置方法并进行工程应用,以期为缓倾斜煤层煤与瓦斯共采提供理论支持。
试验工作面埋藏深度为514~573 m,主采己15煤,该煤层赋存条件稳定,煤层厚度为3.4~3.85 m,平均厚度3.6 m,煤层倾角平均为12°。工作面可采长度1 989.6 m,倾向宽度248 m,平均煤层瓦斯含量为9.66 m3/t,瓦斯压力为1.2 MPa,瓦斯放散初速度28.1 m/s,工作面不同岩性煤岩层分布情况见表1
根据几何、动力和时间相似条件及现场实际条件,得到物理相似模拟模型相似比见表2。试验平台选用2 m二维物理相似模拟试验台,试验台长和宽分别为2.0和0.2 m。另外还有1.5 m可变倾角物理相似模拟试验台,试验台长和宽分别为1.5和0.15 m。模拟工作面回采时,走向模型边界预留20 cm煤柱,倾向模型两侧分别各留14、20 cm煤柱。走向及倾向均为在煤层顶板5 cm的位置布置第1条测线,随后每10 cm布置1条测线,测线上隔10 cm为一固定测点,直至模型顶部,开采过程中同步记录煤层底板的应力变化。
不同推进距离下走向覆岩裂隙演化如图1所示。当工作面推进至36 m时,基本顶发生断裂,覆岩出现了明显的离层裂隙和破断裂隙,采空区覆岩基本顶初次来压,岩梁长度为28 m。当工作面继续推进至40 m,离层裂隙和破断裂隙明显增多,第1次周期来压后,垮落高度距煤层顶板的距离为9 m;工作面推进至102 m时,采空区覆岩破坏范围和裂隙高度进一步扩大,垮落高度为62 m左右,裂隙带上方岩层下沉,形成了较为明显的垮落带、裂隙带和弯曲下沉带;随着工作面的推进,顶板发生多次周期来压,工作面推进至154 m时,发生第9次周期来压,最终测量出走向模型的垮落带高度为13 m,裂隙带高度为68.5 m,该工作面初次来压步距为36 m,平均周期来压步距为12.9 m。采空区覆岩中间部位形成压实区,两侧裂隙发育较为完善,在工作面风流压力梯度作用下卸压瓦斯在裂隙通道内流动,使得裂隙通道内瓦斯富集。
沿煤层走向开釆后上覆岩层下沉量曲线如图2所示。10条测线的最大下沉量分别为0.3、0.9、1.3、1.8、1.9、2.2、2.5、3.3、3.4和3.5 m,采空区贯通时上覆岩层产生滑移导致各个测线下沉位移最大值向工作面切眼位置处靠近,其中,距离煤层顶板95 m的下沉量及其范围最小,距离煤层顶板85~25 m的7条测线最大下沉量较为接近,距离煤层顶板15~5 m的2条测线的下沉量明显大于其他几条测线并且范围最宽。
工作面倾向模型覆岩采动裂隙分布如图3所示,受到煤层倾角以及重力的影响,缓倾斜煤层工作面开采后的覆岩采动裂隙分布和水平煤层开采后的覆岩采动裂隙分布具有不同特征。缓倾斜煤层覆岩裂隙同样具有明显的垮落带和裂隙带特征,其覆岩采动裂隙分布具有不对称性,工作面上端头断裂角59°,下端头断裂角54°,上覆岩层最远破断裂隙距煤层顶板70 m,上端头离层裂隙宽度30 m,下端头离层裂隙宽度20 m。
根据应力、位移以及裂隙发育程度的不同,可将工作面从左侧至右侧分为进风裂隙区、压实区和回风裂隙区。受到煤层倾角和采动应力的影响,工作面上端头和中部区域的顶板垮落后向下端头产生一定滑移,工作面中部受上覆岩层压应力的影响,造成下端头一部分采动裂隙被压实。在采动回风裂隙区处,横向离层裂隙与纵向破断裂隙之间贯通,采动卸压影响范围内的次生裂隙逐渐形成宏观的裂隙网络,成为卸压瓦斯运移的主要通道。
沿煤层倾向开采后5条测线下沉量曲线如图4所示。5条测线的最大下沉量分别为2.7、2.9、3.0、3.1和3.5 m,工作面上方距煤层顶板10 m处下沉量最大。随着测线与顶板距离增大,上覆岩层下沉量逐渐减小。由图4可知:峰值位置位于距工作面下端头100 m处,偏离采场中心,由于重力影响导致上覆岩层破断后靠近下端头侧的顶板位移最大。
覆岩采动裂隙分布特征直接影响着卸压瓦斯的储运通道,受到煤层倾角的影响,工作面上端头的采动裂隙张开程度更加明显。采动覆岩垮落带内的垮落岩体主要为破碎状态,纵向裂隙较为发育。而裂隙带中主要以离层裂隙为主,纵向破断裂隙相对较少,透气性较好,为卸压瓦斯提供了良好的运移通道。卸压瓦斯由于升浮特性将会沿垮落带在裂隙区内向上端头运移,瓦斯在采动闭合裂隙和离层裂隙中储存。随着工作面的推进,采动裂隙区不断向高层位扩展,最终形成瓦斯富集区域,如图5所示。
根据物理相似模拟试验得到采动覆岩裂隙分布特征,靠近回风巷侧卸压充分且存在大量裂隙,瓦斯富集区位于上端头断裂角59°内的裂隙带,该区域是布设高位定向抽采钻孔的最佳区域,每个钻场设计6个高位定向长钻孔,钻孔直径为120 mm。同时,该钻场拟采用直径73 mm钢制筛管,用来防止钻孔塌孔等情况对抽采效果的影响。具体钻孔参数见表3
实测该高位定向钻场不同层位的钻孔瓦斯抽采体积分数,其钻孔瓦斯抽采变化特征如图6所示。由图6可知:钻孔抽采的全生命周期分为3阶段。①抽采初期阶段。此阶段内瓦斯抽采体积分数偏小且平缓,其上覆岩层裂隙发育未到钻孔位置,低层位瓦斯抽采体积分数维持在2%左右,高层位瓦斯抽采体积分数基本在3%波动。②抽采中期阶段。随着裂隙进一步向上发育到钻孔位置,钻孔终孔位置位于卸压瓦斯优势通道内,瓦斯抽采体积分数呈现出明显的上升趋势,该阶段是钻孔抽采高效期;低层位钻孔瓦斯抽采体积分数在4%~11%范围内浮动,高层位钻孔瓦斯抽采体积分数在4%~8%之间,该阶段钻场与工作面距离平均长度为175 m。③抽采末期阶段。此阶段钻孔终孔层位逐渐降低,离工作面的距离较近,各个层位钻孔的瓦斯抽采体积分数急剧下降,瓦斯抽采体积分数基本维持着较低值,其中,低层位瓦斯抽采体积分数最高,维持在4%以下,高层位钻孔抽采体积分数保持在2%以上。
该高位定向钻场各钻孔抽采阶段的抽采距离占比特征如图7所示。其中抽采中期持续时间平均占比达到53.9%,在4号钻孔抽采中期长度占比达到最大值65%,各钻孔抽采中期长度占比表现为逐渐升高,之后下降到最低值44%;抽采初期和抽采末期平均长度占比为19%、27%。对比不同层位高位定向长钻孔瓦斯抽采效果发现,当高位定向长钻孔层位进入瓦斯富集区时,瓦斯抽采体积分数逐渐提高,其中抽采初期长度占比维持在12%~27%之间,低层位钻孔抽采末期长度占比持续减少,最低达14%,随着钻孔层位上升抽采末期长度占比小幅回升,最大达37%。依据单个钻孔抽采卸压瓦斯机制,卸压瓦斯优势通道位置处布置不同层位的抽采钻孔,方可实现高层位钻孔高效抽采卸压瓦斯,低层位钻孔有效改变卸压瓦斯流场,最终确保高位钻孔在有效抽采时间内保障工作面卸压瓦斯体积分数不超限。
试验工作面上隅角瓦斯及回风巷瓦斯积聚情况如图8所示。由图8可知:工作面上隅角瓦斯体积分数为0.11%~0.71%,日均最大瓦斯体积分数为0.47%;回风巷瓦斯体积分数为0.14%~0.69%,日均瓦斯体积分数0.46%;工作面上隅角、回风巷瓦斯体积分数均小于该矿井制定的瓦斯体积分数警戒值0.8%,实现了工作面的安全开采。
1) 开采初期覆岩结构和裂隙活动程度较大,随着工作面推进采动裂隙不断向上发育,沿着煤层走向开采后,工作面垮落带高度13 m,裂隙带高度68.5 m。工作面断裂角54°~59°,且上端头断裂角大于下端头,其中,回风区域裂隙区大于进风区域。
2) 高位定向钻孔全生命周期瓦斯抽采依据抽采体积分数可分为抽采初期、抽采中期和抽采末期阶段。其中,抽采初期抽采体积分数偏低,抽采中期为钻孔抽采生命周期内的高效抽采阶段,进入抽采末期抽采体积分数呈现急剧下降的趋势。
3) 高位定向钻孔抽采瓦斯技术实施后,上隅角、回风巷最大瓦斯体积分数均小于0.8%,瓦斯治理取得良好效果,保障了试验工作面安全高效开采。
  • 国家自然科学青年项目(51904238)
  • 陕西省自然科学青年基金资助(2019JQ-337)
  • 陕西省自然科学青年基金资助(2022JQ-365)
  • 陕西省教育厅专项科学研究计划(22JK0460)
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2024年第34卷第S1期
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doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.S1.0024
  • 接收时间:2024-01-12
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
  • 出版时间:2024-06-30
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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-12
  • 修回日期:2024-04-15
基金
国家自然科学青年项目(51904238)
陕西省自然科学青年基金资助(2019JQ-337)
陕西省自然科学青年基金资助(2022JQ-365)
陕西省教育厅专项科学研究计划(22JK0460)
作者信息
    1 西安科技大学 安全科学与工程学院,陕西 西安 710054
    2 西安科技大学 西部矿井开采及灾害防治教育部重点实验室,陕西 西安 710054
    3 煤炭行业西部矿井瓦斯智能抽采工程研究中心,陕西 西安 710054
    4 陕西长武亭南煤业有限责任公司,陕西 咸阳 713600
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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