Article(id=1149741764786962927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, issueId=1149741761771258326, articleNumber=1003-3033(2024)02-0225-06, orderNo=null, doi=10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.02.0983, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1692288000000, receivedDateStr=2023-08-18, revisedDate=1700582400000, revisedDateStr=2023-11-22, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752049397894, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=1709049600000, pubDateStr=2024-02-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752049397894, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752049397894, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752049397894, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149741761771258326, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, year='2024', volume='34', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='252', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752049397175, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1756468934610, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1168278645379440971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, issueId=1149741761771258326, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1168278645379440972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, issueId=1149741761771258326, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=225, endPage=230, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149741765386748411, articleId=1149741764786962927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, language=EN, title=Assessment model of emergency response capability for coal and gas outburst accidents in mines, columnId=1149733268699918866, journalTitle=China Safety Science Journal, columnName=Emergency technology and management, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to reduce the casualties and property losses and improve the emergency rescue capability in coal and gas outburst accidents,an SSA optimized SVM was proposed to evaluate the emergency rescue capability of coal and gas outburst accidents. First,according to relevant literature and research reports,four first-level indicators,including emergency prevention ability,emergency preparedness ability,emergency response ability and recovery and rehabilitation ability,were constructed. These indicators were further subdivided into 18 second-level indicators,and the score data of each indicator was used as the model training dataset. Then,the network analytic Hierarchy process (ANP) and entropy weight method (EWM) were used to determine the subjective and objective weights of each evaluation indicator under the mutual influence,and the Lagrange function was used to merge the weights to obtain the optimal weights. SSA optimized the radial basis parameters g and penalty factor C of SVM. The result of optimal weight calculation was used as the input of the SSA-SVM model,and the expected value was used as the output for linear regression prediction. Finally,taking a mine in Hebei Province as an example,the prediction results of the SSA-SVM model was compared with the traditional SVM,particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) optimization SVM and Whale optimization algorithm (WOA) optimization SVM,and the predicted results and the expected values were analyzed. The results show that the prediction results of the SSA-SVM model are consistent with the reality,and the average absolute error decreases by 8.04%,5.15% and 4.82%,respectively,compared with other models,which proves the superiority of the proposed model. This model can be applied to the evaluation of the emergency rescue ability of coal and gas outburst accidents in actual mines.

, correspAuthors=Kailong XUE, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yun QI, Kailong XUE, Wei WANG, Xinchao CUI, Hongxiang WANG, Qingjie QI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149741772512871012, articleId=1149741764786962927, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, language=CN, title=矿井煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力评估模型, columnId=1149733268855108116, journalTitle=中国安全科学学报, columnName=应急技术与管理, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为降低煤矿井下煤与瓦斯突出事故中的人员伤亡和财产损失,提高突出事故中的应急救援能力,提出一种麻雀搜索算法(SSA)优化支持向量机(SVM)的煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力评估模型。首先,依据相关文献与研究报告构建包括应急预防能力、应急准备能力、应急响应能力和恢复善后能力在内的4项一级指标,其中包括18项二级指标,并以各指标的得分数据作为模型训练数据集;然后,利用网络层次分析法(ANP)与熵权法(EWM)分别确定各评估指标在相互影响下的主客观权重,通过拉格朗日函数将各权重融合得到最优权重,运用SSA算法优化SVM的径向基核参数g和惩罚因子C,将最优权重计算得出的结果作为SSA-SVM模型的输入,期望值作为输出进行线性回归预测;最后,以河北省某矿为例,将SSA-SVM模型与传统SVM、粒子群优化算法(PSO)优化SVM、鲸鱼优化算法(WOA)优化SVM 3种不同模型的预测结果分别与期望值作对比分析。结果表明:SSA-SVM模型的预测结果与实际相符,平均绝对误差相较于其他模型分别下降8.04%、5.15%、4.82%,证明所建模型的优越性,可将其应用于矿山企业实际矿井煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力评估。

, correspAuthors=薛凯隆, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
** 薛凯隆(2000—),男,山西吕梁人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为矿井灾害防治、应急管理技术。E-mail:
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祁 云 (1988—),男,安徽淮北人,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,主要从事矿井灾害防治、安全评价、应急技术与管理等方面研究。E-mail:

汪 伟 副教授

王宏祥 教授

齐庆杰 教授

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祁 云 (1988—),男,安徽淮北人,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,主要从事矿井灾害防治、安全评价、应急技术与管理等方面研究。E-mail:

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figureFileBig=o0JOCSjOrc5pMniXsitCkQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1168128656112100335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149741764786962927, language=CN, label=图2, caption=指标权重雷达图, figureFileSmall=WJdAAUNvWONrZ00yp5FOhQ==, figureFileBig=o0JOCSjOrc5pMniXsitCkQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1168128656170820592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149741764786962927, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Comparison of predicted and actual values for each model, figureFileSmall=g3X+6nTHU8XKC4+N0MSU3A==, figureFileBig=i0MUmBG4Tjtd7/6onE+TKg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1168128656237929457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149741764786962927, language=CN, label=图3, caption=各模型预测值与实际值对比, figureFileSmall=g3X+6nTHU8XKC4+N0MSU3A==, figureFileBig=i0MUmBG4Tjtd7/6onE+TKg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1168128656292455410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149741764786962927, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Indicator system for coal and gas outburst rescue capability assessment

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
目标层 一级指标 二级指标 二级指标说明
煤与瓦斯
突出事故
应急救援
能力U
应急预防能力U1 突出诱发因素识别U11 地应力、瓦斯压力等因素识别
突出早期预警系统U12 突出预警体系及监测技术覆盖情况
突出预防措施U13 是否具备监测煤体结构、坚固性的设备
应急法规建设U14 应急法规制订、落实情况
应急救援组织体系U15 应急救援领导机构、办事机构、管理部门
应急救援队伍建设U16 专业队伍、兼职队伍及管理人员
应急准备能力U2 应急救援培训及演练U21 员工及应急救援队伍培训、应急演练
应急预案的评估与建设U22 制定、修正和执行突出应急预案
应急通信系统完备性U23 保证应急通信和应急联动系统的正常运转
应急资源及装备保障U24 应急装备和物资的监管、生产储备和调配
自救与互救能力U25 被困人员的自救能力与互救意识
应急响应能力U3 应急救援响应速度U31 接警能力、突出应急救援响应速度
现场指挥与决策能力U32 现场突出事故应急协调能力、决策能力
应急救援设备的先进性U33 应急救援设备是否及时换代、正常工作
社会支持U34 能否与社会各方面的支持协调统一
恢复善后能力U4 生产恢复计划U41 是否及时制定并实施突出矿井的恢复计划
事故经验总结U42 总结经验,为突出危险识别提供教训
应急救援预案修订U43 是否依据救援经验修改应急预案
), ArticleFig(id=1168128656418284531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149741764786962927, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

煤与瓦斯突出救援能力评估指标体系

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
目标层 一级指标 二级指标 二级指标说明
煤与瓦斯
突出事故
应急救援
能力U
应急预防能力U1 突出诱发因素识别U11 地应力、瓦斯压力等因素识别
突出早期预警系统U12 突出预警体系及监测技术覆盖情况
突出预防措施U13 是否具备监测煤体结构、坚固性的设备
应急法规建设U14 应急法规制订、落实情况
应急救援组织体系U15 应急救援领导机构、办事机构、管理部门
应急救援队伍建设U16 专业队伍、兼职队伍及管理人员
应急准备能力U2 应急救援培训及演练U21 员工及应急救援队伍培训、应急演练
应急预案的评估与建设U22 制定、修正和执行突出应急预案
应急通信系统完备性U23 保证应急通信和应急联动系统的正常运转
应急资源及装备保障U24 应急装备和物资的监管、生产储备和调配
自救与互救能力U25 被困人员的自救能力与互救意识
应急响应能力U3 应急救援响应速度U31 接警能力、突出应急救援响应速度
现场指挥与决策能力U32 现场突出事故应急协调能力、决策能力
应急救援设备的先进性U33 应急救援设备是否及时换代、正常工作
社会支持U34 能否与社会各方面的支持协调统一
恢复善后能力U4 生产恢复计划U41 是否及时制定并实施突出矿井的恢复计划
事故经验总结U42 总结经验,为突出危险识别提供教训
应急救援预案修订U43 是否依据救援经验修改应急预案
), ArticleFig(id=1168128656506364916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149741764786962927, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Results of weighting calculation

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一级
指标
权重 二级
指标
ANP法
权重
EWM法
权重
组合
权重
U1 0.152 U11 0.019 0.043 0.028
U12 0.021 0.064 0.037
U13 0.039 0.039 0.039
U14 0.025 0.06 0.038
U15 0.009 0.081 0.035
U16 0.037 0.042 0.039
U2 0.246 U21 0.131 0.047 0.1
U22 0.041 0.059 0.048
U23 0.017 0.043 0.026
U24 0.014 0.049 0.027
U25 0.043 0.059 0.049
U3 0.551 U31 0.202 0.047 0.145
U32 0.197 0.038 0.139
U33 0.059 0.084 0.068
U34 0.096 0.083 0.091
U4 0.051 U41 0.007 0.042 0.019
U42 0.034 0.063 0.045
U43 0.009 0.057 0.027
), ArticleFig(id=1168128656565085173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149741764786962927, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

权重计算结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
一级
指标
权重 二级
指标
ANP法
权重
EWM法
权重
组合
权重
U1 0.152 U11 0.019 0.043 0.028
U12 0.021 0.064 0.037
U13 0.039 0.039 0.039
U14 0.025 0.06 0.038
U15 0.009 0.081 0.035
U16 0.037 0.042 0.039
U2 0.246 U21 0.131 0.047 0.1
U22 0.041 0.059 0.048
U23 0.017 0.043 0.026
U24 0.014 0.049 0.027
U25 0.043 0.059 0.049
U3 0.551 U31 0.202 0.047 0.145
U32 0.197 0.038 0.139
U33 0.059 0.084 0.068
U34 0.096 0.083 0.091
U4 0.051 U41 0.007 0.042 0.019
U42 0.034 0.063 0.045
U43 0.009 0.057 0.027
), ArticleFig(id=1168128656636388342, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149741764786962927, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Emergency rescue capability assessment level

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评价等级 等级标度
优秀 (0.85,1]
良好 (0.75,0.85]
一般 (0.6,0.75]
较差 (0.4,0.6]
(0,0.4]
), ArticleFig(id=1168128656695108599, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149741764786962927, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

应急救援能力评估等级

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
评价等级 等级标度
优秀 (0.85,1]
良好 (0.75,0.85]
一般 (0.6,0.75]
较差 (0.4,0.6]
(0,0.4]
), ArticleFig(id=1168128656825132024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149741764786962927, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Partial sample and test data

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U11 U33 U41 期望 等级
0.595 0.578 0.673 0.635 一般
0.810 0.778 0.436 0.686 一般
0.714 0.556 0.818 0.776 良好
0.429 0.667 0.873 0.615 一般
0.929 0.867 0.873 0.813 良好
0.690 0.644 0.818 0.667 一般
), ArticleFig(id=1168128656950961145, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149741764786962927, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

部分样本与检验数据

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U11 U33 U41 期望 等级
0.595 0.578 0.673 0.635 一般
0.810 0.778 0.436 0.686 一般
0.714 0.556 0.818 0.776 良好
0.429 0.667 0.873 0.615 一般
0.929 0.867 0.873 0.813 良好
0.690 0.644 0.818 0.667 一般
), ArticleFig(id=1168128657089373178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149741764786962927, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

Test sample results of each model

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实际期
望值
实际
等级
SVM PSO-SVM WOA-SVM SSA-SVM
预测值 预测等级 预测值 预测等级 预测值 预测等级 预测值 预测等级
0.614 一般 0.583 较差 0.654 一般 0.698 一般 0.643 一般
0.725 一般 0.579 较差 0.645 一般 0.651 一般 0.739 一般
0.763 良好 0.631 一般 0.771 良好 0.638 一般 0.757 良好
0.629 一般 0.694 一般 0.679 一般 0.681 一般 0.647 一般
0.807 良好 0.701 一般 0.712 一般 0.763 良好 0.802 良好
0.632 一般 0.764 良好 0.792 良好 0.672 一般 0.681 一般
), ArticleFig(id=1168128657169064955, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149741764786962927, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

各模型测试样本结果

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实际期
望值
实际
等级
SVM PSO-SVM WOA-SVM SSA-SVM
预测值 预测等级 预测值 预测等级 预测值 预测等级 预测值 预测等级
0.614 一般 0.583 较差 0.654 一般 0.698 一般 0.643 一般
0.725 一般 0.579 较差 0.645 一般 0.651 一般 0.739 一般
0.763 良好 0.631 一般 0.771 良好 0.638 一般 0.757 良好
0.629 一般 0.694 一般 0.679 一般 0.681 一般 0.647 一般
0.807 良好 0.701 一般 0.712 一般 0.763 良好 0.802 良好
0.632 一般 0.764 良好 0.792 良好 0.672 一般 0.681 一般
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矿井煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力评估模型
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祁云 1, 2, 3 , 薛凯隆 2, ** , 汪伟 1, 2, 3 , 崔欣超 2 , 王宏祥 1 , 齐庆杰 3, 4
中国安全科学学报 | 应急技术与管理 2024,34(2): 225-230
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中国安全科学学报 | 应急技术与管理 2024, 34(2): 225-230
矿井煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力评估模型
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祁云1, 2, 3 , 薛凯隆2, ** , 汪伟1, 2, 3, 崔欣超2, 王宏祥1, 齐庆杰3, 4
作者信息
  • 1 辽宁工业大学 机械工程与自动化学院,辽宁 锦州 121001
  • 2 山西大同大学 煤炭工程学院,山西 大同 037000
  • 3 辽宁工程技术大学 安全科学与工程学院,辽宁 阜新 123000
  • 4 中国煤炭科工集团 应急科学研究院,北京 100013
  • 祁 云 (1988—),男,安徽淮北人,博士,副教授,硕士生导师,主要从事矿井灾害防治、安全评价、应急技术与管理等方面研究。E-mail:

    汪 伟 副教授

    王宏祥 教授

    齐庆杰 教授

通讯作者:

** 薛凯隆(2000—),男,山西吕梁人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为矿井灾害防治、应急管理技术。E-mail:
Assessment model of emergency response capability for coal and gas outburst accidents in mines
Yun QI1, 2, 3 , Kailong XUE2, ** , Wei WANG1, 2, 3, Xinchao CUI2, Hongxiang WANG1, Qingjie QI3, 4
Affiliations
  • 1 Mechanical Engineering & Automation College,Liaoning University of Technology,Jinzhou Liaoning 121001,China
  • 2 School of Coal Engineering,Shanxi Datong University,Datong Shanxi 037000,China
  • 3 College of Safety Science and Engineering,Liaoning Technical University,Fuxin Liaoning 123000,China
  • 4 China Coal Research Institute,Beijing 100013,China
出版时间: 2024-02-28 doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.02.0983
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为降低煤矿井下煤与瓦斯突出事故中的人员伤亡和财产损失,提高突出事故中的应急救援能力,提出一种麻雀搜索算法(SSA)优化支持向量机(SVM)的煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力评估模型。首先,依据相关文献与研究报告构建包括应急预防能力、应急准备能力、应急响应能力和恢复善后能力在内的4项一级指标,其中包括18项二级指标,并以各指标的得分数据作为模型训练数据集;然后,利用网络层次分析法(ANP)与熵权法(EWM)分别确定各评估指标在相互影响下的主客观权重,通过拉格朗日函数将各权重融合得到最优权重,运用SSA算法优化SVM的径向基核参数g和惩罚因子C,将最优权重计算得出的结果作为SSA-SVM模型的输入,期望值作为输出进行线性回归预测;最后,以河北省某矿为例,将SSA-SVM模型与传统SVM、粒子群优化算法(PSO)优化SVM、鲸鱼优化算法(WOA)优化SVM 3种不同模型的预测结果分别与期望值作对比分析。结果表明:SSA-SVM模型的预测结果与实际相符,平均绝对误差相较于其他模型分别下降8.04%、5.15%、4.82%,证明所建模型的优越性,可将其应用于矿山企业实际矿井煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力评估。

煤与瓦斯突出  /  应急救援能力  /  评估模型  /  麻雀搜索算法(SSA)  /  支持向量机(SVM)  /  组合赋权

In order to reduce the casualties and property losses and improve the emergency rescue capability in coal and gas outburst accidents,an SSA optimized SVM was proposed to evaluate the emergency rescue capability of coal and gas outburst accidents. First,according to relevant literature and research reports,four first-level indicators,including emergency prevention ability,emergency preparedness ability,emergency response ability and recovery and rehabilitation ability,were constructed. These indicators were further subdivided into 18 second-level indicators,and the score data of each indicator was used as the model training dataset. Then,the network analytic Hierarchy process (ANP) and entropy weight method (EWM) were used to determine the subjective and objective weights of each evaluation indicator under the mutual influence,and the Lagrange function was used to merge the weights to obtain the optimal weights. SSA optimized the radial basis parameters g and penalty factor C of SVM. The result of optimal weight calculation was used as the input of the SSA-SVM model,and the expected value was used as the output for linear regression prediction. Finally,taking a mine in Hebei Province as an example,the prediction results of the SSA-SVM model was compared with the traditional SVM,particle swarm optimization algorithm (PSO) optimization SVM and Whale optimization algorithm (WOA) optimization SVM,and the predicted results and the expected values were analyzed. The results show that the prediction results of the SSA-SVM model are consistent with the reality,and the average absolute error decreases by 8.04%,5.15% and 4.82%,respectively,compared with other models,which proves the superiority of the proposed model. This model can be applied to the evaluation of the emergency rescue ability of coal and gas outburst accidents in actual mines.

coal and gas outburst  /  emergency response capability  /  assessment model  /  sparrow search algorithm (SSA)  /  support vector machine (SVM)  /  combinatorial assignment
祁云, 薛凯隆, 汪伟, 崔欣超, 王宏祥, 齐庆杰. 矿井煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力评估模型. 中国安全科学学报, 2024 , 34 (2) : 225 -230 . DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.02.0983
Yun QI, Kailong XUE, Wei WANG, Xinchao CUI, Hongxiang WANG, Qingjie QI. Assessment model of emergency response capability for coal and gas outburst accidents in mines[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024 , 34 (2) : 225 -230 . DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.02.0983
煤与瓦斯突出事故是煤矿安全事故中较为严重的事故类型,其形成机制异常复杂,防治难度极大[1]。随着我国矿井深度的不断增加,煤与瓦斯突出事故的风险也在不断攀升。因此,探究应急救援能力评估模型可帮助矿企全面了解其真实的应急救援水平[2],为应急救援工作提供科学指导,进一步提高矿企应急救援能力,大幅减少人员伤亡和财产损失。
近年来,国内外学者对应急救援能力的评估开展了大量研究。WADA等[3]提出基于移动自组网(Mobile Ad hoc Network,MANET)的应急救援急通信—疏散支持系统,为应急救援队伍提供最佳搜救路线和最佳疏散路线,在一定程度上减少了事故伤亡,提升了应急救援能力。杨悦等[4]利用梯形Vague集熵权法构建了煤矿应急救援能力效用值评价模型,运用Vague集成算子将指标权重进行有效融合,使得应急救援决策结果更加可靠。JHA等[5]运用计算机辅助设计软件模拟救援队伍应急救援最短路线,设计了基于图形用户界面的综合指挥中心软件,能在紧急情况下更直观地指挥应急救援队伍,使得工人生存率得以提高。成连华等[6]提出一种基于能力成熟度思想的煤矿应急救援能力评估模型,该模型从事前、事中、事后3个阶段评估煤矿应急救援的能力成熟度,可直观反映出煤矿应急救援能力的短板。杨力等[7]运用熵值法确定指标权重,并运用支持向量机(Support Vector Machines,SVM)评估煤矿应急救援能力,从而提高了评估结果的精确性。上述研究从多种角度分析了煤矿应急救援能力水平,但在指标权重分配、数据样本真实性上受主客观权重影响较大,在指标选取时未能充分考虑事故特征,且采用的评价方法过于单一,无法兼顾指标间的模糊性、离散性和不确定性,导致评价结果的可靠性不强。
鉴于此,笔者将网络层次分析法(Analytic Network Process,ANP)和熵权法(Entropy Weight Method,EWM)获取的各评估指标的主客观权重相融合,利用麻雀搜索算法(Sparrow Search Algorithm,SSA)所具有的稳定性好、全局搜索能力强等优势结合SVM构建矿井煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力模型,并开展河北某矿井煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力研究,以期为应急救援能力评估提供理论支持。
矿井煤与瓦斯突出事故的应急救援能力受到多种因素影响,因此,在构建应急救援能力评估指标体系时,根据煤与瓦斯突出事故的成因,结合《矿山救护规程》《煤矿安全规程》及文献[8],充分考虑引发突出事故的内因和外因,通过反复比较和筛选,建立煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力评估指标体系,见表1
ANP确定主观权重时是利用超级决策(Super Decisions,SD)软件,计算煤与瓦斯突出事故的应急救援能力的各项评价指标的权重,并进行一致性验证。
EWM法是一种客观权重赋予办法,通过信息熵来计算权重,具体步骤见文献[9]。
为准确反映矿井煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力,需要将主客观权重融合进行加权计算,为此,采用基于ANP与EWM法加权拉格朗日函数的决策模型,引入欧氏距离函数,获得最优的组合权重方案。其步骤如下:
1) 构建决策模型。
W j = α W A i + β W B j   α + β = 1
式中: W A i为ANP所得权重; W B j 为EWM所得权重; α β为主客观权重的偏好系数; W j为最优组合权重;其中,ij∈(1,2,…,n)。
2) 导入欧氏距离函数 D ( W A j - W B j )
D ( W A j - W B j ) = j = 1 n ( W A j - W B j ) 2   D ( W A j - W B j ) 2 = ( α - β ) 2
联立以上2式即可解得 α β W j
SVM是基于最小二乘支持向量回归的方法,该算法的目标是解决小样本问题,通过进行非线性变换,将数据映射到高维特征空间中,从而建立一个线性回归函数,以达到优化数据处理的目的[10]
SSA是由薛建凯在2020年提出的一种智能优化算法。SSA中麻雀种类被划分为发现者、加入者和侦察者3种,其具体步骤见文献[11]。
基于SSA-SVM建立煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力评估模型流程如下:①数据预处理。首先利用组合赋权获得的最优权重与专家对各个指标的打分值相乘确定样本数据集,并对所得数据作归一化处理。②初始化处理SSA算法的种群、SVM算法的径向基核参数g和惩罚因子C。③将样本分类。④计算预警值,更新发现者、追随者位置。⑤依据式(5)获取并更新麻雀位置。⑥获取适应度值与最优种群并更新麻雀位置。⑦判定是否符合终止条件,如不符合则重复执行第③步,若符合则停止迭代,输出最优参数,并将测试集样本数据导入最优模型,以获得预测评估的结果。
以河北某矿井为例,聘请矿业工程及安全评价领域的20位专家、矿企安全管理人员20位以及井下作业人员60位,对该矿井煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力评分,最终得到打分数据100组。并利用组合赋权与SSA-SVM综合评价模型评价该矿井煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力。
考虑到矿井煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力各指标之间的相互作用,运用SD软件[12]分析存在相互反馈关系的评价指标,构建ANP模型如图1所示。以ANP法的特点为基础,得出各评价指标的主观权重,并运用熵权法计算出各评价指标的客观权重,然后由式(1)与式(2)计算得出其主、客观偏好系数分别为α=0.635,β=0.365(该系数与所使用的主客观权重大小有关,不同矿井的权重不同时,该数值计算结果不同,并得到最优组合权重,见表2
利用Origin软件绘制指标权重雷达图,如图2所示。由图2可知:U21U32U22U34以及U31对矿井煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力影响较大,且对应急救援能力的影响程度呈U31>U32>U21>U34>U22的关系。将ANP法和EWM法组合后,得到的组合权重在雷达图中内圈分布较均匀,说明采用组合赋权法获取综合权重可以有效地降低主、客观因素对各指标权重的影响。
运用SSA-SVM的综合评估模型,评估矿井煤与瓦斯突出事故的应急救援能力,将矿井煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力评估等级划分为5个,即优秀、良好、一般、较差和差。其评估等级具体标度见表3。 归一化处理评分结果,将其作为SSA-SVM模型的输入样本数据,并将其中80%的数据作为训练样本,20%作为测试样本,见表4表4中,期望值为专家评分与各评估指标组合权重相乘后进行归一化所得。
引入SVM、PSO-SVM、WOA-SVM 3种模型,与所构建的SSA-SVM模型的预测结果作对比分析,各模型中种群数量与迭代次数统一设置为30、100,其测试样本结果见表5,各模型预测结果与实际期望值的对比如图3所示。
表5可知:SVM模型预测仅有1 个样本等级较为准确,其平均绝对误差为10.2%;PSO-SVM模型预测有4个样本等级预测准确,其平均绝对误差为7.31%;WOA-SVM模型等级预测准确数量为 5个,其平均绝对误差为6.98%;而SSA-SVM模型等级预测结果均正确,且平均绝对误差为2.16%,与其他3种模型相比,误差分别下降8.04%、5.15%、4.82%;最终预测结果说明,该矿井煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力等级处于一般与良好之间,且更接近于一般。综上,SSA-SVM模型具有较强的普适性与稳定性。此外,根据预测结果,提出以下建议:应急救援响应方面应与当地社会救援力量加强联系,在事故发生后保障其能及时迅速地投入应急救援工作中,同时,增加救援队伍的数量,提高应急资源的调度能力以及应急物资的保障能力;应急救援培训及演练方面需提高宣传推广水平,重视日常训练和演练,将理论和现实融合起来,利用演练,寻找应急管理能力的不足之处;应加强对应急预案的修订工作,将应急预案修订工作纳入日常生产计划中,并加强对应急人员的培训,从而提升应急预案修订能力。
1) 引入拉格朗日函数和欧氏距离函数,将主客观权重组合后得到的最优组合权重,可有效降低主、客观因素对评估指标权重的影响。
2) 根据矿井煤与瓦斯突出事故的应急救援能力评估模型所得到的组合权重可知:应急救援培训及演练U21、现场指挥与决策能力U32、应急预案的评估与建设U22、社会支持U34以及应急救援响应速度U31对矿井煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力影响较大,且对应急救援能力的影响程度呈现U31>U32>U21>U34>U22的关系。
3) 文中所建SSA-SVM模型预测该矿井煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力等级为一般,预测得到的等级均与实际等级一致,且与SVM、POS-SVM、WOA-SVM 3种模型相比,平均绝对误差分别下降8.04%、5.15%、4.82%,说明基于组合赋权与SSA-SVM相结合的矿井煤与瓦斯突出事故应急救援能力评估模型所得结果可靠性高,矿企的突出应急救援能力实际水平与评估结果偏离程度较小,可信度高。
  • 国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2018YFC0807900)
  • 山西省高等学校科技创新计划项目(2022L448)
  • 山西省高等学校科技创新计划项目(2022L449)
  • 山西大同大学博士启动金项目(2020-B-18)
  • 山西大同大学博士启动金项目(2020-B-08)
  • 山西大同大学研究生教育创新项目(23CX47)
  • 山西大同大学研究生教育创新项目(23CX49)
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2024年第34卷第2期
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doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.02.0983
  • 接收时间:2023-08-18
  • 首发时间:2025-07-09
  • 出版时间:2024-02-28
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  • 收稿日期:2023-08-18
  • 修回日期:2023-11-22
基金
国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2018YFC0807900)
山西省高等学校科技创新计划项目(2022L448)
山西省高等学校科技创新计划项目(2022L449)
山西大同大学博士启动金项目(2020-B-18)
山西大同大学博士启动金项目(2020-B-08)
山西大同大学研究生教育创新项目(23CX47)
山西大同大学研究生教育创新项目(23CX49)
作者信息
    1 辽宁工业大学 机械工程与自动化学院,辽宁 锦州 121001
    2 山西大同大学 煤炭工程学院,山西 大同 037000
    3 辽宁工程技术大学 安全科学与工程学院,辽宁 阜新 123000
    4 中国煤炭科工集团 应急科学研究院,北京 100013

通讯作者:

** 薛凯隆(2000—),男,山西吕梁人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为矿井灾害防治、应急管理技术。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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