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Article(id=1149735801753354986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, issueId=1149735800964825832, articleNumber=1003-3033(2024)11-0066-07, orderNo=null, doi=10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.11.1591, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1720713600000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-12, revisedDate=1726243200000, revisedDateStr=2024-09-14, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752047976196, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=1732723200000, pubDateStr=2024-11-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752047976196, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752047976196, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752047976196, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149735800964825832, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, year='2024', volume='34', issue='11', pageStart='1', pageEnd='252', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752047976008, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1756361988347, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1167830080236565470, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, issueId=1149735800964825832, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1167830080236565471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, issueId=1149735800964825832, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=66, endPage=72, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149735802051150573, articleId=1149735801753354986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, language=EN, title=Numerical simulation study of affecting spraying and dust reduction in deeply buried tunnels constructed by drill-and-blast method, columnId=1149733269173878863, journalTitle=China Safety Science Journal, columnName=Safety engineering technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Tunnel construction projects in China have developed rapidly，and significant dust hazards are associated with drilling and blasting construction. To improve the effectiveness of spraying to reduce dust in tunnels，this article uses digital simulation and a tunnel model was created using ANSYS. The variations in dust mass concentration distribution under different conditions，such as surrounding rock temperature，jet velocity，and nozzle diameter，were investigated in the study. The results show that as the surrounding rock temperature increases，dust movement becomes more intense，which significantly affects dust reduction efficiency. The dust capture effect of atomized water droplets decreases with the increase in surrounding rock temperature. With the increase of water jet velocity，the water pressure in the jet pipe increases，improving the dust capture effect of the droplets. Dust reduction efficiency decreases with increasing nozzle diameter. When the nozzle diameter is too large，the ability of water mist to capture particles weakens. Conversely，a smaller nozzle diameter improves dust reduction efficiency. However，if the nozzle diameter is too small，too much splash water spray rather than affect the efficiency of the dust.

, correspAuthors=Dingyi WEI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yuzhu ZHOU, Dingyi WEI, Weijie CAO, Zengxiong LU, Minglei LIN, Xiaokun DU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1149735816123039823, articleId=1149735801753354986, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, language=CN, title=钻爆法施工深埋隧道喷雾降尘数值模拟研究, columnId=1149733269727526997, journalTitle=中国安全科学学报, columnName=安全工程技术, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

我国隧道建设工程发展迅猛，钻爆法施工隧道粉尘危害严重，为提高钻爆法施工隧道喷雾降尘效果，运用数值模拟方法，采用ANSYS软件建立隧道模型，研究不同围岩温度、喷射水流速度及喷嘴直径等因素条件下深埋隧道内粉尘质量浓度分布变化特征。结果表明：随着围岩温度的升高，粉尘运动更加剧烈，对降尘效率影响越大，雾滴对粉尘的捕捉效果随围岩温度的升高而逐渐降低；随着喷射水流速度的增大，喷射管道内水压增大，雾滴对粉尘捕捉效果越好；降尘效率随喷嘴直径的增大而降低，喷嘴直径过大时雾滴对颗粒物的捕捉能力会减弱，当喷嘴直径较小时会提高降尘效率，但喷嘴直径过小时，过多的飞溅水雾反而影响降尘效率。

, correspAuthors=魏丁一, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
** 魏丁一(1991—)，男，河南禹州人，博士，讲师，主要从事职业健康安全方面的研究。E-mail：。
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=voh4NrEU9ROEXRzQPCNz1A==, magXml=rEWCS3whQfk2TUZvYMRn8Q==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=IILF8bcK45WLFj4BAfYilg==, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=hEZMOPl7oMDx2uAzoqVXaw==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

周玉竹 (1983—)，女，四川绵竹人，博士研究生，正高级工程师，主要研究方向为职业健康安全。E-mail：。

杜小坤，工程师。

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2 四川铸创安全科技有限公司，四川 成都 610040, bio={"img":"XAh/CuUmGWaETcsOn7gUyw==","content":"

周玉竹 (1983—)，女，四川绵竹人，博士研究生，正高级工程师，主要研究方向为职业健康安全。E-mail：。

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周玉竹 (1983—)，女，四川绵竹人，博士研究生，正高级工程师，主要研究方向为职业健康安全。E-mail：。

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杜小坤，工程师。

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杜小坤，工程师。

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Tunnel classifying in light of depth[J]. 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figureFileSmall=t9lEYj/UZHLntHh4g+3hCg==, figureFileBig=XcMD/EBFRo9T0abnMIk+dA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167815998494225068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149735801753354986, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Calculation model setting

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计算模型 模型设定
求解器 基于压力
能量方程 打开
湍流模型 k-ε模型
DPM 打开
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计算模型设定

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计算模型 模型设定
求解器 基于压力
能量方程 打开
湍流模型 k-ε模型
DPM 打开
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Discrete phase parameter setting

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DPM 模型设定
DPM迭代间隔 20
最大步数 50 000
虚拟质量力 打开
压力梯度力 打开
喷射源类型 面源
粒子类型 惰性
材料 灰质
质量流率/(kg·s-1) 5.71
阻力特征 球形颗粒
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离散相参数设定

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DPM 模型设定
DPM迭代间隔 20
最大步数 50 000
虚拟质量力 打开
压力梯度力 打开
喷射源类型 面源
粒子类型 惰性
材料 灰质
质量流率/(kg·s-1) 5.71
阻力特征 球形颗粒
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Boundary condition setting

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边界条件 参数设定
水力直径/m 2.84
湍流强度/% 10
出口边界类型 流出
DPM条件 逃逸/反弹
壁面 无滑移
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边界条件设定

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边界条件 参数设定
水力直径/m 2.84
湍流强度/% 10
出口边界类型 流出
DPM条件 逃逸/反弹
壁面 无滑移
), ArticleFig(id=1167815998989152946, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149735801753354986, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Simulate working conditions

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工况 围岩温度t/
℃		 喷射水流速度
v/(m·s-1)		 喷嘴直径d/
mm
1 20 10 10
2 20 20 15
3 20 30 20
4 20 40 25
5 25 10 15
6 25 20 10
7 25 30 25
8 25 40 20
9 30 10 20
10 30 20 25
11 30 30 10
12 30 40 15
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模拟工况条件

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工况 围岩温度t/
℃		 喷射水流速度
v/(m·s-1)		 喷嘴直径d/
mm
1 20 10 10
2 20 20 15
3 20 30 20
4 20 40 25
5 25 10 15
6 25 20 10
7 25 30 25
8 25 40 20
9 30 10 20
10 30 20 25
11 30 30 10
12 30 40 15
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钻爆法施工深埋隧道喷雾降尘数值模拟研究
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周玉竹 1, 2 , 魏丁一 3, ** , 曹伟杰 3 , 卢增雄 3 , 林明磊 1 , 杜小坤 2
中国安全科学学报 | 安全工程技术 2024,34(11): 66-72
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中国安全科学学报 | 安全工程技术 2024, 34(11): 66-72
钻爆法施工深埋隧道喷雾降尘数值模拟研究
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周玉竹1, 2 , 魏丁一3, ** , 曹伟杰3, 卢增雄3, 林明磊1, 杜小坤2
作者信息
  • 1 北京科技大学 土木与资源工程学院，北京 100083
  • 2 四川铸创安全科技有限公司，四川 成都 610040
  • 3 河南工程学院 资源与安全工程学院，河南 郑州 451191

    • 周玉竹 (1983—)，女，四川绵竹人，博士研究生，正高级工程师，主要研究方向为职业健康安全。E-mail：。

    杜小坤，工程师。

通讯作者:

** 魏丁一(1991—)，男，河南禹州人，博士，讲师，主要从事职业健康安全方面的研究。E-mail：。
Numerical simulation study of affecting spraying and dust reduction in deeply buried tunnels constructed by drill-and-blast method
Yuzhu ZHOU1, 2 , Dingyi WEI3, ** , Weijie CAO3, Zengxiong LU3, Minglei LIN1, Xiaokun DU2
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Civil and Resource Engineering，University of Science and Technology Beijing，Beijing 100083，China
  • 2 Sichuan Zhuchuang Safety Technology Co.，Ltd.，Chengdu Sichuan 610040，China
  • 3 School of Resource and Safety Engineering，Henan University of Engineering，Zhengzhou Henan 451191，China
出版时间: 2024-11-28 doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.11.1591
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摘要
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我国隧道建设工程发展迅猛，钻爆法施工隧道粉尘危害严重，为提高钻爆法施工隧道喷雾降尘效果，运用数值模拟方法，采用ANSYS软件建立隧道模型，研究不同围岩温度、喷射水流速度及喷嘴直径等因素条件下深埋隧道内粉尘质量浓度分布变化特征。结果表明：随着围岩温度的升高，粉尘运动更加剧烈，对降尘效率影响越大，雾滴对粉尘的捕捉效果随围岩温度的升高而逐渐降低；随着喷射水流速度的增大，喷射管道内水压增大，雾滴对粉尘捕捉效果越好；降尘效率随喷嘴直径的增大而降低，喷嘴直径过大时雾滴对颗粒物的捕捉能力会减弱，当喷嘴直径较小时会提高降尘效率，但喷嘴直径过小时，过多的飞溅水雾反而影响降尘效率。

钻爆法施工  /  深埋隧道  /  喷雾降尘  /  数值模拟  /  围岩温度  /  喷射水流速度  /  喷嘴直径

Tunnel construction projects in China have developed rapidly，and significant dust hazards are associated with drilling and blasting construction. To improve the effectiveness of spraying to reduce dust in tunnels，this article uses digital simulation and a tunnel model was created using ANSYS. The variations in dust mass concentration distribution under different conditions，such as surrounding rock temperature，jet velocity，and nozzle diameter，were investigated in the study. The results show that as the surrounding rock temperature increases，dust movement becomes more intense，which significantly affects dust reduction efficiency. The dust capture effect of atomized water droplets decreases with the increase in surrounding rock temperature. With the increase of water jet velocity，the water pressure in the jet pipe increases，improving the dust capture effect of the droplets. Dust reduction efficiency decreases with increasing nozzle diameter. When the nozzle diameter is too large，the ability of water mist to capture particles weakens. Conversely，a smaller nozzle diameter improves dust reduction efficiency. However，if the nozzle diameter is too small，too much splash water spray rather than affect the efficiency of the dust.

drilling and blasting construction  /  deep buried tunnels  /  spraying to reduce dust  /  numerical simulation  /  surrounding rock temperature  /  jet velocity  /  nozzle diameter
周玉竹, 魏丁一, 曹伟杰, 卢增雄, 林明磊, 杜小坤. 钻爆法施工深埋隧道喷雾降尘数值模拟研究. 中国安全科学学报, 2024 , 34 (11) : 66 -72 . DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.11.1591
Yuzhu ZHOU, Dingyi WEI, Weijie CAO, Zengxiong LU, Minglei LIN, Xiaokun DU. Numerical simulation study of affecting spraying and dust reduction in deeply buried tunnels constructed by drill-and-blast method[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2024 , 34 (11) : 66 -72 . DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.11.1591
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0 引言
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近年来，随着城市化进程的加速和交通运输需求的不断增加，隧道建设发展迅猛[1]。但隧道施工过程中产生大量粉尘，特别是开挖、钻爆施工和出渣等工序，产生大量粉尘，给工人生命安全与职业健康造成极大危害。
为解决粉尘带来的各种不安全因素，诸多专家研究了深埋隧道钻爆法施工过程中的粉尘治理问题。如郭敬中[2]、李刚[3]等以云雾除尘主机和气水源处置为主体，研发了巷道全断面云雾除尘技术，现场应用后回风流中全尘、呼吸尘的降尘效率分别为96.89%和96.04%。为确定最适合喷雾除尘的喷嘴参数，杨华等[4-5]采用欧拉-拉格朗日法，建立了空气相、粉尘相和喷雾相的三相耦合模型，模拟得到除尘效率随喷雾粒径的减小而增大，随流量和速度的增大而增大；CHEN Xi[6]、赵亦男[7]等基于计算流体动力学，研究了喷嘴内部的两相流动状态和雾滴在涡流场的破碎过程，得到最佳参数下各点总粉尘质量浓度和可吸入粉尘质量浓度最大抑制率分别达到 95.52% 和 96.84%;XU Changwei[8]、ZHANG Shaobo[9]等分析了不同粒径比和液滴初速度下液滴对粉尘的接触润湿和包裹过程，得到优化参数下各点的可吸入粉尘沉降效率平均达86.2%。
为解决煤矿粉尘污染问题，XU Changwei[10]、BAO Qiu[11]等分析了表面活性抑尘剂的类型及其在喷雾溶液中的浓度对煤粉润湿性和固化效果的影响，为喷雾降尘的应用提供指导；荆德吉等[12⇓-14]研制了一种新型超细螺旋雾化喷头，其对呼吸性粉尘的降尘效率为88.8%~91.58%;ZHAO Bo等[15]利用自主研发的声化学喷雾降尘模拟平台研究了声波对煤尘降尘效果的影响及其增效机制，得到可吸入粉尘降尘效率提高21.93%;HOU Jun等[16]开发了一种自供电感应喷雾除尘系统，并在红柳林煤矿25211运输巷道进行验证，得到该系统可使总尘质量浓度由11.78mg/m3降低至 3.88mg/m3，可吸入尘质量浓度由6.33mg/m3降低至 2.48mg/m3。
综上所述，当前研究多集中在喷雾降尘机制、矿山的喷雾降尘效果等方面，但是，目前埋深超过500m隧道越来越多，按照目前比较常见的分类[17]，埋深100~500m的隧道即为深埋隧道，研究钻爆法施工的深埋隧道作业点喷雾降尘效果的文献还比较鲜见。鉴于此，笔者拟采用数值模拟方法，研究深埋隧道钻爆法施工作业点喷雾降尘效果的主要影响因素，探究不同围岩温度、喷射水流速度及喷嘴直径等因素条件下深埋隧道内粉尘质量浓度分布变化特征，以期为钻爆法施工的深埋隧道作业点降尘效果和参数选取提供参考。
1 构建深埋隧道几何模型
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1.1 深埋隧道工程概况
以国内某深埋铁路隧道为例，该隧道围岩破碎、地质构造复杂，具有软岩大变形、涌水突泥、高地应力、高地震烈度和高地温等特点。运用数值模拟方法，采用ANSYS软件建立深埋隧道模型，隧道模型全长150m、宽5m、高4m，顶半圆弧段半径为2.5m，入口处风速为3m/s，右侧上方每隔3m设置降尘喷嘴，共设置50个喷嘴。隧道模型如图1所示。
隧道内空气及粉尘受各种因素影响，为方便计算，简化模型如下：
1) 空气无黏性且不可压缩。
2) 假设空气在隧道中为定常流动和湍流流动。
3) 隧道内无热源或热损失，即忽略温度对空气流动的影响。
4) 粉尘颗粒可以作为球形颗粒计算，粒径满足Rosin-Rammler分布。
5) 模拟粉尘在空气中的运动时，采用离散相模型(Discrete Phase Model，DPM)。
1.2 隧道模型网格划分
该网格采用默认的三面体作为单元，单元尺寸为0.15m。划分网格时分别在入风口、出风口和喷嘴处进行加密。共生成3 983 407个网格，763 763个节点。隧道网格如图2所示。
1.3 各影响因素的选取
在深埋隧道中围岩温度对粉尘运移特征有较大影响，因此，此次围岩温度选为20、25、30和35℃。设置喷射水流速度分别为10、20、30和40m/s。
通常喷嘴直径较大时，水雾颗粒也较大，但对颗粒物的捕集能力会减弱，同时水雾重量较大，降低了与颗粒物的接触机会，从而影响降尘效率。喷嘴直径越小，水雾颗粒越小，与颗粒物接触更好，提高降尘效果。但过小的喷嘴直径可能会形成覆盖颗粒物的水雾雾气，影响喷雾量和流动性能。此次选用离心式喷嘴且为面喷，喷嘴直径分别为10、15、20和25mm。
为探究钻爆法施工深埋隧道作业点喷雾降尘效果及质量浓度分布，选取围岩温度、喷射水流速度及喷嘴直径为影响因素。通过调研隧道实际情况，确定模型参数、离散相参数和边界条件参数，见表1—表3。
2 深埋隧道喷雾降尘数值模拟研究
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2.1 深埋隧道喷雾降尘数值模拟工况划分
选取围岩温度、喷射水流速度及喷嘴直径为研究因素，相应的模拟工况见表4。
2.2 各因素对喷雾降尘效率的影响分析
2.2.1 围岩温度影响分析
选取距工作面1.5和3m的截面为对象，不同围岩温度条件下的隧道颗粒质量浓度分布如图3所示。由图3可知：在围岩温度为20℃时，不同截面粉尘浓度也不同。Y=3m截面上，粉尘主要集中在喷嘴周围且浓度较大，这是因为雾化水滴对粉尘的吸附，且温度较低，粉尘运动不剧烈，故雾化水滴更易捕捉粉尘。Y=1.5m截面上粉尘分布范围小于Y=3m，粉尘分布集中在右侧，主要由于风流及喷射水流在右侧形成漩涡，使颗粒进入漩涡形成二次悬浮。当围岩温度为25℃时，Y=3和1.5m这2截面的粉尘质量浓度分布均小于围岩温度为20℃。这是由于自然风流及围岩温度对粉尘运动造成一定影响，导致粉尘分布发生变化。当围岩温度为30℃时，Y=3和1.5m这2截面粉尘质量浓度分布均小于20和25℃。随围岩温度的升高，喷雾降尘效果越不明显，且在重力及自然风的作用下，粉尘主要集中在隧道下部。在Y=1.5m截面处粉尘质量浓度为0μg/m3，说明喷雾降尘效果随着远离喷嘴明显减弱，而且此现象随围岩温度的升高变化更加明显。
随围岩温度的升高，X-Z截面上粉尘质量浓度逐渐降低，且粉尘体积、密度和运动速度等均会变化，导致捕捉效率变化。一般来说，较低温度下，粉尘形态较固定，相对容易被捕集；而高温条件下粉尘分子间隙较大，难以捕集，因此，需要提高喷雾流量和速度，以增强捕集能力。而且围岩温度为20和25℃时，粉尘在截面上的分布比围岩温度为30和35℃时密集。温度越高分子运动越剧烈，因此，高温条件下喷雾水滴对粉尘捕捉效果不如低温。
颗粒物主要分布在喷嘴附近，由于高温会加速液体的挥发和蒸发，降尘液在高温条件下可能会失去一部分液体成分，导致部分化学物质浓度偏高或偏低，影响喷雾效果。因此，高温条件下需要定期调整降尘液的配比，以确保喷雾效果。
2.2.2 喷射水流速度影响分析
不同喷射水流速度条件下的颗粒浓度分布如图4所示。由图4可知：随喷射水流速度的增大，粉尘质量浓度随之变大，并且管道内水压增大，雾化粒径越小，雾滴对粉尘捕捉效果越高。模拟效果表明：水流速度越大降尘效果越好，但当喷射水流速度过大时耗水量及耗电量增大，且高速水流对管道磨损较大，因而在保证降尘效果的前提下减少耗水量，降低成本。粉尘主要聚集在喷嘴附近，这是由于雾化水滴吸附粉尘引起的，通过喷雾，隧道内水气以粉尘为中心聚集，使尘粒质量和直径增加，当尘粒相互碰撞时，由于表面有水气包围，反弹力减少，尘粒便逐渐沉降。为进一步了解喷射水流速度与粉尘质量浓度的关系，选取喷射水流速度为20和30m/s时Y=1.5m的粉尘分布进行分析。在Y轴方向上，不同高度截面粉尘分布也不同，在水流速度为20 m/s时，粉尘呈圆柱状集中分布在喷嘴处，其他区域没有明显分布，粉尘集聚较少，面积较少；而在水流速度为30m/s时，粉尘在隧道呈较厚的不规则分布，分布面积大于水流速度为20 m/s，这是由于喷射水流速度较大，雾化程度较高，能更好地吸附粉尘，因而喷射水流速度较大时降尘效果更明显。
2.2.3 喷嘴直径影响分析
选取Y=3和1.5m截面进行分析，不同喷嘴直径条件下隧道断面颗粒质量浓度分布如图5所示，不同喷嘴直径条件下隧道粉尘运移矢量图如图6所示。由图5可知：喷嘴直径由10mm增加到25mm，相同温度下随喷嘴直径的增大，有效射程和雾化角随之增大，雾化角度的增大将扩大单位有效降尘面积，提高降尘效率，但降尘范围变化并不明显，不适合于远距离降尘。并且Y=1.5m截面上降尘效果远不如Y=3m截面上，但随喷嘴直径的增大，Y=1.5m截面粉尘质量浓度鲜有提升，因此，随喷嘴直径的增大降尘效果更加明显。随喷嘴直径的增大，喷嘴周围雾化水滴对粉尘吸附作用更微小，因此，较小喷嘴直径的降尘效果更好。
选取Y-Z截面，判断不同喷嘴直径对降尘及粉尘运移变化的影响。由于隧道内粉尘运移在隧道入口变化明显，因此，选取隧道入口处截面进行观察。
由图6可知：随喷嘴直径的增大，喷射水流对粉尘的吸附作用更明显，且由于隧道内自然风流及粉尘自身重力，粉尘逐渐从空中向地面沉降。在图6d中可以看到明显的风流旋涡，通过分析得到不同喷嘴直径对降尘的影响，且存在速度梯度，风流速度从左到右逐渐增大，到达隧道出口处最大而排出粉尘。隧道内粉尘在X=0m时速度最慢，靠近喷嘴侧粉尘运动较快，粉尘受自然风的影响，速度较小颗粒大量集聚在隧道两侧，而隧道两侧喷射的高速水流会带领粉尘颗粒向出口移动。
3 结论
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1) 通过数值模拟研究深埋隧道喷雾降尘影响因素，在喷射水流速度及喷嘴直径一定的情况下，隧道内围岩温度升高时，粉尘运动更加剧烈，围岩温度越高，对降尘效果影响越大。雾滴对粉尘的捕捉效果随围岩温度的升高而逐渐降低。
2) 随喷射水流速度的增大，管道内水压相应增大，雾化粒径越小，雾滴对粉尘捕捉效果越高。即喷射水流速度越高，雾滴对粉尘捕捉效果越好。
3) 降尘效率随喷嘴直径的增大而降低，喷嘴直径过大时液化水雾对颗粒物的捕捉能力会减弱，喷嘴直径较小时提高降尘效率，但当喷嘴直径过小时形成过多飞溅水雾进而影响降尘效率。因此，实际应用需根据具体情况选择合适的喷嘴直径。
基金
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  • 国家卫生健康委粉尘危害工程防护重点实验室开放课题(KLECDH20230201)
  • 河南省高等学校重点科研项目(23B440005)
  • 河南工程学院博士培育基金(D2022021)
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2024年第34卷第11期
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doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.11.1591
  • 接收时间：2024-07-12
  • 首发时间：2025-07-09
  • 出版时间：2024-11-28
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  • 收稿日期：2024-07-12
  • 修回日期：2024-09-14
基金
国家卫生健康委粉尘危害工程防护重点实验室开放课题(KLECDH20230201)
河南省高等学校重点科研项目(23B440005)
河南工程学院博士培育基金(D2022021)
作者信息
    1 北京科技大学 土木与资源工程学院，北京 100083
    2 四川铸创安全科技有限公司，四川 成都 610040
    3 河南工程学院 资源与安全工程学院，河南 郑州 451191

通讯作者:

** 魏丁一(1991—)，男，河南禹州人，博士，讲师，主要从事职业健康安全方面的研究。E-mail：。
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgaqkxxb/CN/10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.11.1591
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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