Article(id=1149733271266832941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, issueId=1149733267617788430, articleNumber=1003-3033(2024)12-0056-08, orderNo=null, doi=10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2024.12.0713, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1726243200000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-14, revisedDate=1731859200000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-18, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1752047372881, onlineDateStr=2025-07-09, pubDate=1735315200000, pubDateStr=2024-12-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1752047372881, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1752047372881, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1752047372881, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1149733267617788430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, year='2024', volume='34', issue='12', pageStart='1', pageEnd='228', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1752047372010, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1756361981736, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1167830052499628941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, issueId=1149733267617788430, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1167830052499628942, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, issueId=1149733267617788430, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=56, endPage=63, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149733271958893122, articleId=1149733271266832941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, language=EN, title=Tunnel construction safety domain named entity recognition based on BERT-BiLSTM-CRF, columnId=1149733269173878863, journalTitle=China Safety Science Journal, columnName=Safety engineering technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
To solve the problems existing in the traditional NER methods in the domain of tunnel construction safety,such as fuzzy entity boundary,difficulty in small-sample learning,and insufficiently comprehensive extraction of feature information,an entity recognition method for tunnel construction accident text based on the BERT-BiLSTM-CRF model was proposed. Firstly,the BERT model was used to encode the tunnel construction accident text to obtain word vectors containing semantic features. Then,the word vectors output after the training of the BERT model were input into the BiLSTM model to further obtain the context feature of the tunnel construction accident text and conduct label probability prediction. Finally,by utilizing the constraints of the annotation rules of the CRF layer,the output result of the BiLSTM model was corrected,and the maximum probability sequence annotation result was obtained,so as to realize the intelligent classification of the labels of the tunnel construction accident texts. Comparative experiments were conducted between this model and other four commonly used traditional NER models on the tunnel construction safety accident corpus dataset. The results show that the recognition accuracy rate,recall rate and F1 value of the BERT-BiLSTM-CRF model are 88%,89% and 88% respectively,and the entity recognition effect is better than other benchmark models. By using the established NER model to recognize the entities in the actual tunnel construction accident texts,its application effect in the domain of tunnel construction safety is verified.
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为解决隧道施工安全领域传统命名实体识别(NER)方法存在的实体边界模糊、小样本学习困难、特征信息提取不够全面准确等问题,提出一种基于变换器的双向编码器表征(BERT)-双向长短时记忆(BiLSTM)网络-条件随机场 (CRF)模型的隧道施工事故文本实体识别方法。首先,利用BERT模型将隧道施工事故文本编码得到蕴含语义特征的词向量;然后,将BERT模型训练后输出的词向量输入BiLSTM模型进一步获取隧道施工事故文本的上下文特征并进行标签概率预测;最后,利用CRF层的标注规则的约束,修正BiLSTM模型的输出结果,得到最大概率序列标注结果,从而实现对隧道施工事故文本标签的智能分类。将该模型与其他4种常用的传统NER模型在隧道施工安全事故语料数据集上进行对比试验,试验结果表明:BERT-BiLSTM-CRF模型的识别准确率、召回率和F1值分别达到88%、89%和88%,实体识别效果优于其他基准模型。利用所建立的NER模型识别实际隧道施工事故文本中的实体,验证了其在隧道施工安全领域中的应用效果。
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, authorsList=张念, 周彩凤, 万飞, 刘非, 王耀耀, 徐栋梁)}, authors=[Author(id=1167743086928081675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=zhangnian@tyut.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1167743087011967758, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, authorId=1167743086928081675, language=EN, stringName=Nian ZHANG, firstName=Nian, middleName=null, lastName=ZHANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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1 College of Civil Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan Shanxi 030024,China
2 Research Center of Tunneling and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1167743087070688015, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, authorId=1167743086928081675, language=CN, stringName=张念, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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1 太原理工大学 土木工程学院,山西 太原 030024
2 北京交通大学 隧道及地下工程教育部工程研究中心,北京 100044, bio={"img":"hzokjd1td/E2BditVn8diQ==","content":"
张 念 (1984—),男,湖北襄阳人,博士,副教授,主要从事隧道及地下工程安全与防灾方面的研究。E-mail:zhangnian@tyut.edu.cn。
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张 念 (1984—),男,湖北襄阳人,博士,副教授,主要从事隧道及地下工程安全与防灾方面的研究。E-mail:zhangnian@tyut.edu.cn。
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1 College of Civil Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan Shanxi 030024,China
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1 太原理工大学 土木工程学院,山西 太原 030024
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1 太原理工大学 土木工程学院,山西 太原 030024)]), AuthorCompany(id=1167743086743532291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1167743086751920900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, companyId=1167743086743532291, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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3 Research Institute of Highway Ministry of Transport,Beijing 100088,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1167743087527867162, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, authorId=1167743087385260823, language=CN, stringName=万飞, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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3 交通运输部 公路科学研究所,北京 100088, bio={"content":"
万飞,研究员。
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万飞,研究员。
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1 太原理工大学 土木工程学院,山西 太原 030024, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1167743086638674688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1167743086642868993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, companyId=1167743086638674688, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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1 太原理工大学 土木工程学院,山西 太原 030024)])]), Author(id=1167743087771136801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1167743087829857059, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, authorId=1167743087771136801, language=EN, stringName=Yaoyao WANG, firstName=Yaoyao, middleName=null, lastName=WANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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1 College of Civil Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan Shanxi 030024,China
2 Research Center of Tunneling and Underground Engineering of Ministry of Education,Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1167743088123458346, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, authorId=1167743087951491878, language=CN, stringName=徐栋梁, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=
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1 太原理工大学 土木工程学院,山西 太原 030024
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51(9): 2087-2091,2 102., articleTitle=Chinese named entity recognition method based on BERT-BiLSTM-MHA-CRF model, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1167743090623263566, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, awardId=YDZJSX20231A021, language=CN, fundingSource=中央引导地方科技发展资金资助(YDZJSX20231A021), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1167743090887504719, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, awardId=QG2021-3-14-1, language=CN, fundingSource=交通运输部公路科学研究所(院)交通强国试点项目(QG2021-3-14-1), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1167743090946224976, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, awardId=TUC2024-03, language=CN, fundingSource=隧道及地下工程教育部工程研究中心(北京交通大学)开放研究基金资助(TUC2024-03), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1167743086638674688, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1167743086642868993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, companyId=1167743086638674688, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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Overall frame of model, figureFileSmall=nFto8sutU1ELArCUieRUrw==, figureFileBig=mxEFt8HdDC/UnpI/fbQePQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167743089188811579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
模型整体框架, figureFileSmall=nFto8sutU1ELArCUieRUrw==, figureFileBig=mxEFt8HdDC/UnpI/fbQePQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167743089239143228, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Annotating process, figureFileSmall=TWIY/3ty+JXU38NEXLR0qA==, figureFileBig=77I9DlRfhrS62LOzS+/c2w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167743089302057789, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
标注过程, figureFileSmall=TWIY/3ty+JXU38NEXLR0qA==, figureFileBig=77I9DlRfhrS62LOzS+/c2w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167743089352389438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Example of corpus annotation result, figureFileSmall=mQtgfsyd30OKH1RrlgRHWw==, figureFileBig=xBEvURxJW6vSutTfwmtEBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167743089415303999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
语料标注结果示例, figureFileSmall=mQtgfsyd30OKH1RrlgRHWw==, figureFileBig=xBEvURxJW6vSutTfwmtEBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167743089520161600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Change trend of evaluation indexes of BERT-BiLSTM-CRF model, figureFileSmall=mAye50RmfHoRHk0eyHcBRg==, figureFileBig=Sbh52YuVt3CxcMTZ0/qSow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167743089578881857, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
BERT-BiLSTM-CRF模型评价指标变化趋势, figureFileSmall=mAye50RmfHoRHk0eyHcBRg==, figureFileBig=Sbh52YuVt3CxcMTZ0/qSow==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167743089625019202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Change curve of training loss function of BERT-BiLSTM-CRF model, figureFileSmall=jsfxHapE2ZLDaxQbH68iwg==, figureFileBig=1ive380P7StymbBoVhRBtw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167743089675350851, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
BERT-BiLSTM-CRF模型训练损失函数变化曲线, figureFileSmall=jsfxHapE2ZLDaxQbH68iwg==, figureFileBig=1ive380P7StymbBoVhRBtw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167743089721488196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Recognition results of BERT-BiLSTM-CRF model, figureFileSmall=hG9SUlk9VhBIQ4ENrfpgrQ==, figureFileBig=Hxwq4L68eivAzOCtzJfLmA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167743089805374277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
BERT-BiLSTM-CRF 模型识别结果, figureFileSmall=hG9SUlk9VhBIQ4ENrfpgrQ==, figureFileBig=Hxwq4L68eivAzOCtzJfLmA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1167743089851511622, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Experimental environment
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| 试验环境名称 | 配置 |
| 操作系统 | 64位Windows10系统 |
| 编程语言 | Python3.7 |
| 深度学习框架 | Pytorch1.10.2+cu113 |
| GPU | NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1650 |
| GPU加速器 | cuDA 11.3,CUDNN 8.0 |
| 内存/GB | 16 |
| 代码编写平台 | PyCharm Professional Edition 2021.2.4 |
), ArticleFig(id=1167743089927009095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
试验环境
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| 试验环境名称 | 配置 |
| 操作系统 | 64位Windows10系统 |
| 编程语言 | Python3.7 |
| 深度学习框架 | Pytorch1.10.2+cu113 |
| GPU | NVIDIA GeForce GTX 1650 |
| GPU加速器 | cuDA 11.3,CUDNN 8.0 |
| 内存/GB | 16 |
| 代码编写平台 | PyCharm Professional Edition 2021.2.4 |
), ArticleFig(id=1167743090031866696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Parameter configuration
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| 参数名称 | 参数值 | 参数注释 |
| max_seq_len | 256 | 最大序列长度 |
| lstm_hidden | 128 | LSTM隐藏层单元 |
| dropout | 0.5 | 随机失活率 |
| learning rate | 3×10-5 | 学习率 |
| optimizer | Adam | 优化器 |
| batch_size | 6 | 每批次训练样本数 |
), ArticleFig(id=1167743090170278729, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
参数配置
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| 参数名称 | 参数值 | 参数注释 |
| max_seq_len | 256 | 最大序列长度 |
| lstm_hidden | 128 | LSTM隐藏层单元 |
| dropout | 0.5 | 随机失活率 |
| learning rate | 3×10-5 | 学习率 |
| optimizer | Adam | 优化器 |
| batch_size | 6 | 每批次训练样本数 |
), ArticleFig(id=1167743090300302154, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Comparison of experimental results of different models
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| 模型 | P | R | F1 |
| BERT | 0.87 | 0.87 | 0.87 |
| BiLSTM-CRF | 0.82 | 0.78 | 0.80 |
| BiLSTM | 0.70 | 0.70 | 0.70 |
| BERT-CRF | 0.88 | 0.88 | 0.88 |
| BERT-BiLSTM-CRF | 0.88 | 0.89 | 0.88 |
), ArticleFig(id=1167743090379993931, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
不同模型试验结果对比
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| 模型 | P | R | F1 |
| BERT | 0.87 | 0.87 | 0.87 |
| BiLSTM-CRF | 0.82 | 0.78 | 0.80 |
| BiLSTM | 0.70 | 0.70 | 0.70 |
| BERT-CRF | 0.88 | 0.88 | 0.88 |
| BERT-BiLSTM-CRF | 0.88 | 0.89 | 0.88 |
), ArticleFig(id=1167743090455491404, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
Results of model experiment
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| 实体类别 | P | R | F1 |
| 事故地点 | 0.81 | 0.86 | 0.86 |
| 事故时间 | 0.91 | 0.94 | 0.92 |
| 事故类型 | 0.84 | 0.95 | 0.84 |
| 伤亡损失 | 0.88 | 0.90 | 0.89 |
| 隧道名称 | 0.93 | 0.93 | 0.93 |
), ArticleFig(id=1167743090514211661, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1149733271266832941, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
模型试验结果
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 实体类别 | P | R | F1 |
| 事故地点 | 0.81 | 0.86 | 0.86 |
| 事故时间 | 0.91 | 0.94 | 0.92 |
| 事故类型 | 0.84 | 0.95 | 0.84 |
| 伤亡损失 | 0.88 | 0.90 | 0.89 |
| 隧道名称 | 0.93 | 0.93 | 0.93 |
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