Article(id=1148106731546206295, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, issueId=1148106709542892487, articleNumber=1003-3033(2025)04-0009-09, orderNo=null, doi=10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.04.1231, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1733328000000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-05, revisedDate=1739808000000, revisedDateStr=2025-02-18, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1751659575591, onlineDateStr=2025-07-05, pubDate=1745769600000, pubDateStr=2025-04-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1751659575591, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-05, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1751659575591, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1751659575591, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1148106709542892487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, year='2025', volume='35', issue='4', pageStart='1', pageEnd='264', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1751659570346, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1757560692417, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1172857809499730113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, issueId=1148106709542892487, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1172857809499730114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, issueId=1148106709542892487, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=9, endPage=17, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149758071297196041, articleId=1148106731546206295, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, language=EN, title=Numerical simulation of CO2 injection for fire prevention in a goaf affected by normal fault influence, columnId=1149733269173878863, journalTitle=China Safety Science Journal, columnName=Safety engineering technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To address the issue of natural coal ignition in goaf under normal fault geological structures,the oxygen consumption rate and heat release intensity of coal samples were measured using a temperature-programmed oxidation device. Based on a porous media model of the goaf and the gas component transport equation,a numerical model for CO2 injection via side pressure into the goaf influenced by normal faults was established. The numerical model was used to simulate the mechanism by which the variation in the distance between the working face and the fault affects the width of spontaneous combustion oxidation band in the goaf,and analyze gas migration characteristics under different CO2 injection locations and flow rates. The results indicate that as the distance between the working face and the fault increases,the width of the oxidation band initially increases and then decreases,reaching a maximum width at 70 m from the fault. With the increase of CO2 injection depth,the oxidation band width initially decreases and then increases again,reaching a minimum width when the CO2 injection position is 40 m from the working face. Furthermore,with the increase of CO2 injection volume,the width of the oxidation band width decreases following a negative exponential trend. When the CO2 injection rate is 1000m3/h and CO2 volume fraction at the working face is below 0.4% for safety,width of the oxidation band reaches its minimum.

, correspAuthors=Xiao CUI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Jiayong ZHANG, Zuxin LYU, Xiao CUI, Liwen GUO, Jianguo WU, Jingbin FU), CN=ArticleExt(id=1148106740916282032, articleId=1148106731546206295, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, language=CN, title=正断层影响下采空区注CO2防灭火数值模拟研究, columnId=1149733269727526997, journalTitle=中国安全科学学报, columnName=安全工程技术, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为解决正断层地质构造下采空区遗煤自然发火的问题,利用程序升温氧化装置测定煤样的耗氧速率和放热强度,基于采空区多孔介质模型与气体组分运输方程,构建正断层影响下采空区进风侧压注CO2数值模型,模拟工作面距断层位置变化对采空区自燃氧化带宽度的影响机制,并分析不同注CO2位置和注CO2流量下采空区内气体运移特征。研究结果表明:随着工作面与断层距离的增加,采空区氧化带宽度呈先增大后减小的趋势,在距断层70 m处时,氧化带宽度达到最大。随着CO2注入位置的深入,氧化带宽度呈先减小后增加的趋势,当CO2注入位置距工作面40 m时,氧化带宽度达到最小;随着CO2注入量的增加,氧化带宽度呈负指数减小趋势,当CO2注入量为1 000 m3/h时,且在工作面CO2体积分数低于0.4%的安全前提下,氧化带宽度达到最小。

, correspAuthors=崔啸, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
**崔 啸(1992—),男,河北卢龙人,博士,讲师,主要从事矿井瓦斯方面的研究。E-mail:
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张嘉勇 (1977—),男,河南南阳人,博士,教授,主要从事矿山安全理论与技术、安全管理与评价等方面的研究。E-mail:

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张嘉勇 (1977—),男,河南南阳人,博士,教授,主要从事矿山安全理论与技术、安全管理与评价等方面的研究。E-mail:

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张嘉勇 (1977—),男,河南南阳人,博士,教授,主要从事矿山安全理论与技术、安全管理与评价等方面的研究。E-mail:

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caption=工作面CO2体积分数与时间的关系, figureFileSmall=GKS2104q4BLtc97l0mbt0A==, figureFileBig=7yNrCEX3SF++vxmVdDgldg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1165198375914845019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1148106731546206295, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Parameter Settings

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
名 称 参 数
能量 打开
湍流模型 k-ε模型
组分运输 甲烷-空气
风流入口类型 速度入口
风流出口类型 自由出口
注气口类型 速度入口
入口风量/(m-3·s) 19.21
新鲜风流温度/℃ 20
风流入口O2体积分数/% 20.9
注入CO2体积分数/% 99
重力/(N·kg-1) -9.81
组分方程收敛指标 10-5
能量收敛指标 10-6
), ArticleFig(id=1165198375981953885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1148106731546206295, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

参数设定

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
名 称 参 数
能量 打开
湍流模型 k-ε模型
组分运输 甲烷-空气
风流入口类型 速度入口
风流出口类型 自由出口
注气口类型 速度入口
入口风量/(m-3·s) 19.21
新鲜风流温度/℃ 20
风流入口O2体积分数/% 20.9
注入CO2体积分数/% 99
重力/(N·kg-1) -9.81
组分方程收敛指标 10-5
能量收敛指标 10-6
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正断层影响下采空区注CO2防灭火数值模拟研究
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张嘉勇 教授 1, 2 , 吕祖欣 1 , 崔啸 1, 2, 3, ** , 郭立稳 教授 1, 2 , 武建国 3 , 付京斌 4
中国安全科学学报 | 安全工程技术 2025,35(4): 9-17
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中国安全科学学报 | 安全工程技术 2025, 35(4): 9-17
正断层影响下采空区注CO2防灭火数值模拟研究
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张嘉勇 教授1, 2 , 吕祖欣1, 崔啸1, 2, 3, ** , 郭立稳 教授1, 2, 武建国3, 付京斌4
作者信息
  • 1 华北理工大学 应急管理与安全工程学院,河北 唐山 063210
  • 2 河北省矿业开发与安全技术重点实验室,河北 唐山 063210
  • 3 开滦(集团)有限责任公司,河北 唐山 063000
  • 4 冀中能源峰峰集团有限责任公司,河北 邯郸 056001
  • 张嘉勇 (1977—),男,河南南阳人,博士,教授,主要从事矿山安全理论与技术、安全管理与评价等方面的研究。E-mail:

通讯作者:

**崔 啸(1992—),男,河北卢龙人,博士,讲师,主要从事矿井瓦斯方面的研究。E-mail:
Numerical simulation of CO2 injection for fire prevention in a goaf affected by normal fault influence
Jiayong ZHANG1, 2 , Zuxin LYU1, Xiao CUI1, 2, 3, ** , Liwen GUO1, 2, Jianguo WU3, Jingbin FU4
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Emergency Management and Safety Engineering,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan Hebei 063210,China
  • 2 Key Laboratory of Mining Development and Safety Technology of Hebei Province,Tangshan Hebei 063210,China
  • 3 Kailuan (Group) Limited Liability Company,Tangshan Hebei 063000,China
  • 4 Jizhong Energy Fengfeng Group limited Liability Company,Handan Hebei 056001,China
出版时间: 2025-04-28 doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.04.1231
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为解决正断层地质构造下采空区遗煤自然发火的问题,利用程序升温氧化装置测定煤样的耗氧速率和放热强度,基于采空区多孔介质模型与气体组分运输方程,构建正断层影响下采空区进风侧压注CO2数值模型,模拟工作面距断层位置变化对采空区自燃氧化带宽度的影响机制,并分析不同注CO2位置和注CO2流量下采空区内气体运移特征。研究结果表明:随着工作面与断层距离的增加,采空区氧化带宽度呈先增大后减小的趋势,在距断层70 m处时,氧化带宽度达到最大。随着CO2注入位置的深入,氧化带宽度呈先减小后增加的趋势,当CO2注入位置距工作面40 m时,氧化带宽度达到最小;随着CO2注入量的增加,氧化带宽度呈负指数减小趋势,当CO2注入量为1 000 m3/h时,且在工作面CO2体积分数低于0.4%的安全前提下,氧化带宽度达到最小。

采空区  /  正断层  /  CO2防灭火  /  数值模拟  /  煤自燃  /  氧化带宽度

To address the issue of natural coal ignition in goaf under normal fault geological structures,the oxygen consumption rate and heat release intensity of coal samples were measured using a temperature-programmed oxidation device. Based on a porous media model of the goaf and the gas component transport equation,a numerical model for CO2 injection via side pressure into the goaf influenced by normal faults was established. The numerical model was used to simulate the mechanism by which the variation in the distance between the working face and the fault affects the width of spontaneous combustion oxidation band in the goaf,and analyze gas migration characteristics under different CO2 injection locations and flow rates. The results indicate that as the distance between the working face and the fault increases,the width of the oxidation band initially increases and then decreases,reaching a maximum width at 70 m from the fault. With the increase of CO2 injection depth,the oxidation band width initially decreases and then increases again,reaching a minimum width when the CO2 injection position is 40 m from the working face. Furthermore,with the increase of CO2 injection volume,the width of the oxidation band width decreases following a negative exponential trend. When the CO2 injection rate is 1000m3/h and CO2 volume fraction at the working face is below 0.4% for safety,width of the oxidation band reaches its minimum.

goaf  /  normal fault  /  CO2 fire prevention  /  numerical simulation  /  coal spontaneous combustion  /  oxidation band width
张嘉勇 教授, 吕祖欣, 崔啸, 郭立稳 教授, 武建国, 付京斌. 正断层影响下采空区注CO2防灭火数值模拟研究. 中国安全科学学报, 2025 , 35 (4) : 9 -17 . DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.04.1231
Jiayong ZHANG, Zuxin LYU, Xiao CUI, Liwen GUO, Jianguo WU, Jingbin FU. Numerical simulation of CO2 injection for fire prevention in a goaf affected by normal fault influence[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2025 , 35 (4) : 9 -17 . DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.04.1231
矿井火灾是威胁煤矿安全的重大灾害之一,其中90%~94%的火灾是由煤自燃引起的[1-2]。煤自燃不仅造成资源损失,还会诱发煤尘瓦斯燃烧和爆炸,威胁人员生命安全[3]。随着煤矿开采向深部延伸,地质构造的复杂性加剧,断层附近煤自燃灾害形势愈发严峻[4]
断层导致煤层内部裂隙增多,为氧气渗透提供了便利通道,进而加速煤的氧化自燃过程[5-6]。郭晓洁[7]利用低温N2和CO2吸附法研究发现,断层构造会提升烟煤中微孔-中孔结构的复杂度,加速煤氧反应速率。李宗翔等[8-9]开展红外光谱、热重分析和低温N2吸附等试验,揭示出断裂构造煤的活性基团含量升高,特征温度降低,孔隙结构增大,自燃倾向性增大。DONG Jun等[10]利用压汞法与物理吸附法分析原生煤与构造煤的孔径分布特征,发现构造作用加剧了煤体孔隙结构的曲折复杂程度。杨元勋等[11]针对过断层期间诱发的煤自燃问题,提出2巷煤体固化与封填堵漏等综合防灭火技术。综上,煤体孔隙在断层构造区域的高度发育,导致煤体的吸附解析性能增加,煤体自燃现象更容易发生。国内外普遍采用注浆、阻化剂及惰性气体等防灭火方法有效控制采空区煤自燃,其中,注CO2防灭火技术因具有吸附阻氧、惰化抑爆、冷却降温等作用,逐渐受到重视并被广泛应用[12]。叶庆树[13]的热分析结果表明:煤样的表观活化能随CO2含量的增加而升高。HU Jian等[14]发现,CO2对煤自燃的抑制作用表现为燃烧能和活化能的增加以及活性官能团的减少。李宗翔等[15]基于临界氧含量和耗氧速率构建注CO2防灭火数值模型,研究CO2注入量和注入位置对采空区的惰化作用。白刚等[16]通过构建采空区氧化带二次回归响应曲面模型,数值模拟得到注CO2参数对氧化带最大宽度的影响顺序。王继仁等[17]通过构建采空区非均匀多孔介质数学模型,研究注CO2位置和流量对采空区内氧体积分数场及温度场的影响。当前关于正断层采空区注CO2防灭火技术方面的研究还鲜见报导。
鉴于此,笔者拟根据试验矿井采空区遗煤的赋存状态及氧化特性,开展程序升温试验,测定正断层影响下煤样耗氧速率和放热强度,构建正断层采空区注CO2防灭火模型,数值模拟分析工作面距断层位置变化对氧化带宽度的影响,确定采空区最佳注CO2位置和注CO2流量,以期为正断层采空区煤自燃防治提供一定的理论参考。
试验矿井为低瓦斯矿井,煤层具有爆炸性风险,属于Ⅱ类自燃煤层。工作面采用“U”型通风方式,走向长度1 553m,倾向长度170m,煤层倾角忽略不计,平均煤厚2.6m。工作面采用走向长壁后退式综合机械化采煤法,回采率为85%。井田内断层主要沿东西(EW)及北东(NE)-南西(SW)方向分布,以张性、张扭性高角度斜交正断层为主导,断层面一般比较光滑,具有上盘下沉,下盘抬升的地质特点。
将采集的煤块破碎、筛分为100~200目和60~80目煤样。通过工业分析得到煤样的水分、灰分、挥发分和固定碳的含量分别为3.61%、28.08%、28.63%和40.69%,元素分析测定煤中C、H、O和N含量分别为62.26%、3.94%、15.22%和0.95%。
采用程序升温装置测定煤样的耗氧速率与放热强度,试验流程如图1所示。将60g粒径为60~80目的煤样加入煤样罐,设定空气流量为100 mL/min,升温范围为30~230℃,升温速率为0.5 ℃/min。试验过程中每间隔10℃取样一次,采用气相色谱仪测定气体组分和含量。
1) 耗氧速率分析。耗氧速率作为衡量煤样氧化程度的指标,可间接反映煤的自燃倾向[18]
v ( T ) = Q C 1 S L l n C 1 C 2
式中:v(T)为煤样的耗氧速率,mol/(cm3·s);T为温度,K;S为煤样罐供风面积,cm2Q为供风量,L/min;C1为煤样罐入口的氧气,mol/m3C2为煤样罐出口的氧气,mol/m3L为氧气经煤样罐的距离,cm。
煤样在氧化初期耗氧速率缓慢,当温度超过120℃后,煤样的耗氧速率明显增大。煤样的耗氧速率随煤体温度的升高而增加,如图2所示。
2) 放热强度分析。放热强度是衡量煤与氧气反应时释放热量能力的关键指标[19]。假设煤样氧化升温期间仅生成CO和CO2,利用键能估算法估算煤样的最大放热强度[20-21]
q m a x ( T ) = V C O 0 ( T ) V C O 0 ( T ) + V C O 2 0 ( T ) · V O 2 0 ( T ) · Δ H C O + V C O 2 0 ( T ) V C O 0 ( T ) + V C O 2 0 ( T ) · V O 2 0 ( T ) · Δ H C O 2
式中:qmax(T)为煤氧化估算的最大放热强度,J/(cm3·s); V C O 0 T V C O 2 0 ( T )分别为给定条件下的CO和CO2的产生率,mol/(cm3·s);ΔHCO Δ H C O 2分别为煤氧化反应生成CO和CO2的放热量,分别取311.9和446.7kJ/mol。煤样的放热强度随煤样温度的升高而呈指数增加(图3)。
基于采空区氧含量、地质构造及遗煤粒径非均匀分布等复杂因素对煤自燃的影响,得到遗煤耗氧速率v0(T)和放热强度q0(T)修正式:
v 0 ( T ) = ( C 2 / C 1 ) · k b · k h · 0.163 · e x p ( 0.018   7 T )
q 0 ( T ) = ( C 2 / C 1 ) · k b · k h · 19.238 · e x p ( 0.019   5 T )
式中:C1C2分别为入口和出口氧气体积分数,C1取21%;kbkh分别为粒径和煤厚影响系数,分别取0.25和0.31。
数值模拟注入CO2后采空区内气体流动分布的基本方程主要包括质量守恒方程、动量守恒方程、能量守恒方程和组分运输方程[22-23]。采空区注CO2流量Qc(m3/s)[24]为:
Q c = 60 K Q 0 C a - C b C c + C - 1
式中:Q0为采空区氧化带漏风量,m3/min;CaCb分别为采空区氧化带内氧气体积分数均值和采空区惰化防火指标,%;Cc为注入CO2的体积分数,%;K为备用系数。计算得到采空区注CO2流量为400m3/h。
基于采空区实际参数构建正断层采空区物理模型,如图4所示。采空区长270m,宽170m,高36m;工作面长170m,宽5m,高2.6m;进、回风巷长30m,宽4m,高2.6m。断层倾角为50°,断层断距为8m。网格采用自动生成的六面体网格,对CO2注入口区域进行局部加密。
采空区设置为多孔介质区域,边界面设置为无滑移边界,具体参数见表1
利用氧含量法划分采空区自燃三带,O2体积分数>18%(质量分数19.1%)的区域为散热带,O2体积分数[18%]的区域为氧化带,O2体积分数<8%(质量分数8.49%)的区域为窒息带。
靠近断层的煤体破碎程度增大,采空区的漏风问题更为严重。设置工作面到断层的距离分别为50、70、90、110、130和150m,以距离采空区Z=1.5m的平面为参照基准,数值模拟得到工作面距正断层不同位置下采空区内O2分布云图,如图5所示。
图5可知:随着工作面的不断推进,采空区O2体积分数整体呈逐渐下降趋势。O2由进风巷流入,在采空区孔隙率和漏风风流的影响下,由进风巷侧扩散至回风巷侧,由采空区浅部扩散至采空区深部。随着采空区走向长度和倾向长度的增加,O2含量逐渐降低。工作面距离断层位置较远时,O2的分布受到不均匀漏风作用的影响,随风流不断向回风侧进行扩散蔓延。工作面距断层较近时,回风侧及断层上盘O2含量明显增加,采空区内散热带宽度逐渐增加,窒息带宽度逐渐减小,且在断层位置有明显的O2体积分数分割线。
工作面距断层位置的变化会显著影响采空区的风流路径和氧气分布,进而改变氧化带的位置和范围。工作面距正断层位置与氧化带宽度的变化关系,如图6所示。
图6可知:采空区氧化带的宽度随开采距离的增加,表现为先增大后减小的变化趋势。当工作面距断层50~70m时,采空区自燃氧化带宽度逐渐增大,至70m时达到最大宽度。此距离时断层可能作为漏风通道,加剧采空区的漏风强度,从而影响氧气含量的分布。在距断层70~150m时,采空区氧化带宽度逐渐缩短。采空区风流成为影响O2分布的关键因素,在风流的作用下,O2从进风侧逐渐向回风侧扩散,其含量呈逐渐降低趋势。
在CO2注入量为400m3/h的条件下,设定CO2注气口与工作面距离分别为10、20、30、40、50和60m,采空区内气体分布云图如图7图8所示。
图7图8可知:注CO2气体后,进风巷侧的O2体积分数相较于回风巷侧显著降低。此现象归因于采空区注气口处形成的局部高压区域,该区域通过风压效应影响漏风流场,促使CO2与O2在采空区内混合,有效地降低深部O2含量,延缓煤的氧化进程。此外,CO2因其物理特性,倾向于在采空区底板积聚,这一行为驱替了底板附近的O2并促使其向顶板移动。此过程可有效降低底板遗煤与新鲜O2的直接接触,从而降低煤自燃危险性。
CO2注入位置与自燃氧化带宽度的拟合曲线,如图9所示。可以看出,CO2注入位置与自燃氧化带宽度呈非线性变化趋势。注CO2位置在10~40m范围内时,自燃氧化带宽度呈逐渐缩减的趋势。然而,在距离工作面40~60m处,氧化带宽度有逐渐增加的趋势。采空区自然氧化带宽度在CO2注气点距工作面40m处最小。
在距工作面40m处,分别注入流量为400、600、800、1 000、1 200和1 400m3/h的CO2,数值模拟得到采空区内气体分布云图如图10图11所示。可以看出,随CO2注入量的增大,采空区中的O2含量呈下降趋势。水平方向上表现为氧化带宽度的缩减及位置的前移;垂直方向上CO2倾向于在底板积聚,推动O2向采空区顶板处迁移。随着CO2注入量的不断增大,采空区内CO2的扩散速度和覆盖范围逐渐上升,其中采空区中部底板附近CO2显著升高,有效降低了遗煤自燃风险。
CO2注入流量与自燃氧化带宽度的拟合曲线,如图12所示。可以看出,随着CO2注入量的增大,氧化带宽度呈线性缩减趋势,减少幅度约为27m,充分证明了CO2防灭火技术的有效性。随着CO2注入量的增加,其对采空区内O2的驱替效应越显著,抑制煤氧反应效果越明显。但过高的注入量会增大采空区内气压,增加工作面区域的漏风量,影响矿井的通风效果。
工作面回风巷侧CO2体积分数随时间的变化曲线如图13所示。随着注CO2位置的加深和注气流量的增大,回风巷内CO2体积分数呈上升趋势。CO2注入后,在矿井风流作用下,沿采空区裂隙向深部扩散,并与风流混合后导向回风巷方向。
根据《煤矿安全规程》规定[25],采煤工作面进风流中CO2体积分数不得超过0.5%;采区回风巷、采掘工作面回风巷中,CO2体积分数不得超过1.5%。由图13a可知:随着CO2注入位置的延伸,工作面CO2含量逐渐增大,但均保持在0.35%的安全阈值之下,表明在此范围内进行CO2注入是安全可行的。由图13b可知:CO2注入流量的增加显著影响工作面的CO2含量。当注入量超过1 200m3/h时,工作面CO2体积分数明显高于0.5%;而CO2注入量小于1 000m3/h时,工作面的CO2体积分数能够稳定地维持在0.4%以下。基于采空区中CO2体积分数的最低安全要求,当以1 000m3/h的速率注入CO2时,既能确保采空区内CO2均匀分布,充分覆盖关键风险区域,又能有效防止局部含量过高可能引发的潜在问题,降低煤炭自燃的风险。
1) 基于采空区遗煤的耗氧速率和放热强度方程,构建正断层采空区数值模型,发现随着工作面与断层距离的增加,氧化带宽度呈先增大后减小的趋势。在距正断层70m处,氧化带宽度最大。
2) 在CO2注入量相同时,随着注CO2位置的延伸,采空区氧化带宽度先减少后增加,且在距工作面40m处注入CO2时,氧化带宽度最小。
3) 在CO2注入位置相同时,随着注CO2流量的增大,采空区氧化带宽度呈负指数减小趋势,最优注气流量为1 000m3/h。
4) 在正断层采空区距离工作面40m处,注入了1 000m3/h流量的CO2后。CO2在风流的作用下,从正断层的下盘迁移至上盘,并深入采空区内部,降低O2含量的同时还减少了其与遗煤的接触面积,从而实现惰化采空区,防治遗煤自燃的目的。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助(52174182)
  • 河北省省级科技计划项目(21376202D)
  • 河北省自然科学基金资助(E2020209074)
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2025年第35卷第4期
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doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.04.1231
  • 接收时间:2024-12-05
  • 首发时间:2025-07-05
  • 出版时间:2025-04-28
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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-05
  • 修回日期:2025-02-18
基金
国家自然科学基金资助(52174182)
河北省省级科技计划项目(21376202D)
河北省自然科学基金资助(E2020209074)
作者信息
    1 华北理工大学 应急管理与安全工程学院,河北 唐山 063210
    2 河北省矿业开发与安全技术重点实验室,河北 唐山 063210
    3 开滦(集团)有限责任公司,河北 唐山 063000
    4 冀中能源峰峰集团有限责任公司,河北 邯郸 056001

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**崔 啸(1992—),男,河北卢龙人,博士,讲师,主要从事矿井瓦斯方面的研究。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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