Article(id=1148106728694084402, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, issueId=1148106708670477182, articleNumber=1003-3033(2025)03-0204-08, orderNo=null, doi=10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.03.0223, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1728835200000, receivedDateStr=2024-10-14, revisedDate=1734451200000, revisedDateStr=2024-12-18, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1751659574911, onlineDateStr=2025-07-05, pubDate=1743091200000, pubDateStr=2025-03-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1751659574911, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-05, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1751659574911, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1751659574911, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1148106708670477182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, year='2025', volume='35', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='268', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1751659570138, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1757401518130, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1172190184155238915, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, issueId=1148106708670477182, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1172190184155238916, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, issueId=1148106708670477182, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=204, endPage=211, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149767356206985749, articleId=1148106728694084402, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, language=EN, title=Gas knowledge bidirectional encoder representations from transformers model based on knowledge injection, columnId=1149733270084042840, journalTitle=China Safety Science Journal, columnName=Public safety, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
In order to enhance emergency management in the field of gas pipeline networks,Gas-kBERT model was proposed. The model incorporated data from the gas pipeline network field expanded by Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer,(ChatGPT)and Chinese Gas Language Understanding Subject-Predicate-Object(CGLU-Spo) and related corpora were constructed in this field. By altering the model's masking (MASK) mechanism,domain knowledge was successfully injected into the model. Considering the professionalism and specificity of the gas pipeline network field,Gas-kBERT was pre-trained on various scales and contents of corpora and fine-tuned on named entity recognition and classification tasks within this field. Experimental results demonstrated that,compared to the general BERT model,Gas-kBERT exhibited significant performance improvements in F1-score in text mining tasks in the gas pipeline network field. Specifically,in the named entity recognition task,the F1-score was increased by 29.55%,and in the text classification task,the F1-score improvement reached up to 83.33%. This study proves that the Gas-kBERT model performs exceptionally well in text mining tasks in the gas pipeline network field.
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为提高燃气管网领域的应急管理水平,提出燃气知识双向变换器(Gas-kBERT)模型。该模型结合聊天生成预训练转换器(ChatGPT)扩充的燃气管网领域数据,以及构建的中文燃气语言理解-三元组(CGLU-Spo)和相关语料库,通过改变模型的掩码(MASK)机制,成功将领域知识注入模型中。考虑到燃气管网领域的专业性和特殊性,Gas-kBERT在不同规模和内容的语料库上进行预训练,并在燃气管网领域的命名实体识别和分类任务上进行微调。结果表明:与通用的双向变换器(BERT)模型相比,Gas-kBERT在燃气管网领域的文本挖掘任务中F1值表现出显著的提升。在命名实体识别任务中,F1值提高29.55%;在文本分类任务中,F1值提升高达83.33%。由此证明Gas-kBERT模型在燃气管网领域的文本挖掘任务中具有出色的表现。
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Gas-kBERT model structure diagram, figureFileSmall=s/b0KnruwTTzWTPTZWP3Dw==, figureFileBig=VwLh3S+yBu+8aZSRch4C5w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1165678286907650958, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1148106728694084402, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
Gas-kBERT模型结构, figureFileSmall=s/b0KnruwTTzWTPTZWP3Dw==, figureFileBig=VwLh3S+yBu+8aZSRch4C5w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1165678286962176913, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1148106728694084402, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Expanded Text from CGLU-spo, figureFileSmall=CR+fWp+2kH0QXFJXvS4EuQ==, figureFileBig=tRdoR38dxKIBCOGS0ck33w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1165678287033480082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1148106728694084402, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
CGLU-spo扩充后的文本, figureFileSmall=CR+fWp+2kH0QXFJXvS4EuQ==, figureFileBig=tRdoR38dxKIBCOGS0ck33w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1165678287079617427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1148106728694084402, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
The masking mechanism of the model, figureFileSmall=tiRJCT3dePvzm0zcGHRFOA==, figureFileBig=TsBwmg0wr5GPoNq+7VtEEw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1165678287138337684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1148106728694084402, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
模型的掩码机制, figureFileSmall=tiRJCT3dePvzm0zcGHRFOA==, figureFileBig=TsBwmg0wr5GPoNq+7VtEEw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1165678287192863637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1148106728694084402, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Gas-kBERT model overall training process, figureFileSmall=PwH6Dzuj7wQ3maC/RYXh2A==, figureFileBig=shKx5XM3x9W8X3yPnoQF0g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1165678287243195286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1148106728694084402, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
Gas-kBERT模型整体训练流程, figureFileSmall=PwH6Dzuj7wQ3maC/RYXh2A==, figureFileBig=shKx5XM3x9W8X3yPnoQF0g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1165678287293526935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1148106728694084402, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Pre-training corpus
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 数据 | 大小 (原始 文本) | 大小 (ChatGPT 增强后) | 领域 |
| 新闻语料(News_zh_2016) | — | 1.6 G | 通用 领域 |
| 维基百科(Wiki_zh_2019) | — | 1.2 G | 通用 领域 |
| 燃气事故报告(Gas Accident Report,GAR) | 5.1M | 20.3 M | 燃气 管网 |
| 燃气标准(Gas standards,GS) | 3.4M | 16.9 M | 燃气 管网 |
| 燃气新闻(Gas News,GN)、燃气应急预案(Gas Emergency Plan,GEP)等 | 2.7 M | 13.7M | 燃气 管网 |
), ArticleFig(id=1165678287348052888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1148106728694084402, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
预训练语料
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 数据 | 大小 (原始 文本) | 大小 (ChatGPT 增强后) | 领域 |
| 新闻语料(News_zh_2016) | — | 1.6 G | 通用 领域 |
| 维基百科(Wiki_zh_2019) | — | 1.2 G | 通用 领域 |
| 燃气事故报告(Gas Accident Report,GAR) | 5.1M | 20.3 M | 燃气 管网 |
| 燃气标准(Gas standards,GS) | 3.4M | 16.9 M | 燃气 管网 |
| 燃气新闻(Gas News,GN)、燃气应急预案(Gas Emergency Plan,GEP)等 | 2.7 M | 13.7M | 燃气 管网 |
), ArticleFig(id=1165678287410967449, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1148106728694084402, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Pre-training task corpus combination
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 模型 | 语料组合 |
| BERT | News+Wiki |
| Gas-kBERT(raw) | GAR+GS+GN+ GEP(原始文本) |
Gas-kBERTv1.0(GAR+GS+ GN+GEP) | GAR+GS+GN+GEP (ChatGPT增强后文本) |
Gas-kBERTv1.1(+GAR+ GS+GN+GEP) | News+Wiki+GAR+GS+GN+ GEP(ChatGPT增强后文本) |
), ArticleFig(id=1165678287461299098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1148106728694084402, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
预训练任务语料组合
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 模型 | 语料组合 |
| BERT | News+Wiki |
| Gas-kBERT(raw) | GAR+GS+GN+ GEP(原始文本) |
Gas-kBERTv1.0(GAR+GS+ GN+GEP) | GAR+GS+GN+GEP (ChatGPT增强后文本) |
Gas-kBERTv1.1(+GAR+ GS+GN+GEP) | News+Wiki+GAR+GS+GN+ GEP(ChatGPT增强后文本) |
), ArticleFig(id=1165678287507436443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1148106728694084402, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=
Fine-tuning task dataset
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| 测试任务 | 数据 | 训练集 | 验证集 | 测试集 |
命名实 体识别 | GS | 558,458 | 260,614 | 111,692 |
| 事故报告 | 309,782 | 119,238 | 2,016 |
| 分类 | 应急预案 | 1,152 | 384 | 128 |
| 事故报告 | 612 | 116 | 84 |
), ArticleFig(id=1165678287666819996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1148106728694084402, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
微调任务数据集
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| 测试任务 | 数据 | 训练集 | 验证集 | 测试集 |
命名实 体识别 | GS | 558,458 | 260,614 | 111,692 |
| 事故报告 | 309,782 | 119,238 | 2,016 |
| 分类 | 应急预案 | 1,152 | 384 | 128 |
| 事故报告 | 612 | 116 | 84 |
), ArticleFig(id=1165678287717151645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1148106728694084402, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=
NER task test results in the gas pipeline network field %
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| 数据 | 评价 指标 | BERT | Gas-kBERT(raw) | Gas-kBERT v1.0 | Gas-kBERT v1.1 |
(+news_zh_2016+ wiki_zh_2019) | GAR+GS+GN+GEP (原始文本) | (GAR+GS+GN+GEP) (ChatGPT增强后文本) | (+news_zh_2016+ wiki_zh_2019+ GAR+GS+GN+GEP) (ChatGPT增强后文本) |
| GAR | P | 11.11 | 24.22 | 55.56 | 55.56 |
| R | 13.33 | 35.19 | 66.67 | 33.33 |
| F1 | 12.12 | 30.68 | 60.61 | 41.67 |
| GN | P | 30.3 | 40.02 | 46.10 | 40.40 |
| R | 16.67 | 20.15 | 14.60 | 43.01 |
| F1 | 41.67 | 50.26 | 69.82 | 51.34 |
), ArticleFig(id=1165678287771677598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1148106728694084402, language=CN, label=表4, caption=
燃气管网领域NER任务测试结果
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| 数据 | 评价 指标 | BERT | Gas-kBERT(raw) | Gas-kBERT v1.0 | Gas-kBERT v1.1 |
(+news_zh_2016+ wiki_zh_2019) | GAR+GS+GN+GEP (原始文本) | (GAR+GS+GN+GEP) (ChatGPT增强后文本) | (+news_zh_2016+ wiki_zh_2019+ GAR+GS+GN+GEP) (ChatGPT增强后文本) |
| GAR | P | 11.11 | 24.22 | 55.56 | 55.56 |
| R | 13.33 | 35.19 | 66.67 | 33.33 |
| F1 | 12.12 | 30.68 | 60.61 | 41.67 |
| GN | P | 30.3 | 40.02 | 46.10 | 40.40 |
| R | 16.67 | 20.15 | 14.60 | 43.01 |
| F1 | 41.67 | 50.26 | 69.82 | 51.34 |
), ArticleFig(id=1165678287830397855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1148106728694084402, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=
CLASS task results in the field of gas pipeline network %
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 数据 | 模型 | 评价 指标 | BERT | Gas-kBERT(raw) | Gas-kBERT v1.0 | Gas-kBERT v1.1 |
| 类型 | (+news_zh_2016+ wiki_zh_2019) | GAR+GS+GN+ GEP(原始文本) | (GAR+GS+GN+GEP) (ChatGPT增强后文本) | (+news_zh_2016+ wiki_zh_2019+ GAR+GS+GN+GEP) (ChatGPT增强后文本) |
| GEP | 总则 | P | 42.42 | 50.13 | 62.50 | 60.87 |
| R | 93.33 | 93.12 | 100 | 93.33 |
| F | 58.33 | 70.23 | 76.92 | 73.68 |
应急组 织体系 及职责 | P | 64.91 | 40.29 | 81.82 | 41.38 |
| R | 94.87 | 90.26 | 92.31 | 30.77 |
| F1 | 77.08 | 70.33 | 86.75 | 35.29 |
| 监测、预警 | P | 100 | 50.21 | 66.67 | 52.63 |
| R | 8.33 | 70.92 | 83.33 | 83.33 |
| F1 | 15.38 | 60.71 | 74.07 | 64.52 |
| 应急响应 | P | 45.95 | 60.07 | 63.16 | 66.67 |
| R | 73.91 | 60.91 | 52.17 | 52.17 |
| F1 | 56.67 | 56.34 | 57.14 | 58.54 |
信息报告 与发布 | P | 0 | 10.19 | 25 | 20 |
| R | 0 | 8.28 | 12.50 | 12.50 |
| F1 | 0 | 10.07 | 16.67 | 15.38 |
| 善后恢复 | P | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| R | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| F1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 保障措施 | P | 0 | 40.43 | 55.56 | 47.06 |
| R | 0 | 56.67 | 71.43 | 57.14 |
| F1 | 0 | 45.13 | 62.50 | 51.61 |
宣传教育、 培训和应 急演练 | P | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| R | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| F1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 附则 | P | 0 | 80.27 | 100 | 100 |
| R | 0 | 70.19 | 71.43 | 71.43 |
| F1 | 0 | 79.62 | 83.33 | 83.33 |
| GAR | 事故伤亡人 员、事故 损失 | P | 86.21 | 90.30 | 92.59 | 92 |
| R | 69.44 | 87.93 | 92.59 | 85.19 |
| F1 | 76.92 | 80.51 | 92.59 | 88.46 |
| 事故原因 | P | 92.31 | 93.33 | 95.65 | 95.65 |
| R | 85.71 | 95.25 | 100 | 100 |
| F1 | 88.89 | 96.14 | 97.78 | 97.78 |
| 性质 | P | 47.37 | 60.19 | 100 | 63.64 |
| R | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| F1 | 64.29 | 70.21 | 100 | 77.78 |
事故发 生经过 | P | 60.00 | 70.01 | 71.43 | 100 |
| R | 54.55 | 60.06 | 62.50 | 62.50 |
| F1 | 57.14 | 62.15 | 66.67 | 76.92 |
), ArticleFig(id=1165678287901701024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1148106728694084402, language=CN, label=表5, caption=
燃气管网领域CLASS任务结果
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| 数据 | 模型 | 评价 指标 | BERT | Gas-kBERT(raw) | Gas-kBERT v1.0 | Gas-kBERT v1.1 |
| 类型 | (+news_zh_2016+ wiki_zh_2019) | GAR+GS+GN+ GEP(原始文本) | (GAR+GS+GN+GEP) (ChatGPT增强后文本) | (+news_zh_2016+ wiki_zh_2019+ GAR+GS+GN+GEP) (ChatGPT增强后文本) |
| GEP | 总则 | P | 42.42 | 50.13 | 62.50 | 60.87 |
| R | 93.33 | 93.12 | 100 | 93.33 |
| F | 58.33 | 70.23 | 76.92 | 73.68 |
应急组 织体系 及职责 | P | 64.91 | 40.29 | 81.82 | 41.38 |
| R | 94.87 | 90.26 | 92.31 | 30.77 |
| F1 | 77.08 | 70.33 | 86.75 | 35.29 |
| 监测、预警 | P | 100 | 50.21 | 66.67 | 52.63 |
| R | 8.33 | 70.92 | 83.33 | 83.33 |
| F1 | 15.38 | 60.71 | 74.07 | 64.52 |
| 应急响应 | P | 45.95 | 60.07 | 63.16 | 66.67 |
| R | 73.91 | 60.91 | 52.17 | 52.17 |
| F1 | 56.67 | 56.34 | 57.14 | 58.54 |
信息报告 与发布 | P | 0 | 10.19 | 25 | 20 |
| R | 0 | 8.28 | 12.50 | 12.50 |
| F1 | 0 | 10.07 | 16.67 | 15.38 |
| 善后恢复 | P | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| R | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| F1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 保障措施 | P | 0 | 40.43 | 55.56 | 47.06 |
| R | 0 | 56.67 | 71.43 | 57.14 |
| F1 | 0 | 45.13 | 62.50 | 51.61 |
宣传教育、 培训和应 急演练 | P | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| R | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| F1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| 附则 | P | 0 | 80.27 | 100 | 100 |
| R | 0 | 70.19 | 71.43 | 71.43 |
| F1 | 0 | 79.62 | 83.33 | 83.33 |
| GAR | 事故伤亡人 员、事故 损失 | P | 86.21 | 90.30 | 92.59 | 92 |
| R | 69.44 | 87.93 | 92.59 | 85.19 |
| F1 | 76.92 | 80.51 | 92.59 | 88.46 |
| 事故原因 | P | 92.31 | 93.33 | 95.65 | 95.65 |
| R | 85.71 | 95.25 | 100 | 100 |
| F1 | 88.89 | 96.14 | 97.78 | 97.78 |
| 性质 | P | 47.37 | 60.19 | 100 | 63.64 |
| R | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
| F1 | 64.29 | 70.21 | 100 | 77.78 |
事故发 生经过 | P | 60.00 | 70.01 | 71.43 | 100 |
| R | 54.55 | 60.06 | 62.50 | 62.50 |
| F1 | 57.14 | 62.15 | 66.67 | 76.92 |
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