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Article(id=1148106708494312329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, issueId=1148106698197295351, articleNumber=1003-3033(2025)02-0196-07, orderNo=null, doi=10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.02.1648, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1725811200000, receivedDateStr=2024-09-09, revisedDate=1731254400000, revisedDateStr=2024-11-11, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1751659570096, onlineDateStr=2025-07-05, pubDate=1740672000000, pubDateStr=2025-02-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1751659570096, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-05, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1751659570096, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1751659570096, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1148106698197295351, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, year='2025', volume='35', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='252', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1751659567641, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1757401525528, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1172190215188894212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, issueId=1148106698197295351, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1172190215188894213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, issueId=1148106698197295351, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=196, endPage=202, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1149767843866133333, articleId=1148106708494312329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, language=EN, title=Study on impact damage characteristics of roadway caused by double explosion source gas explosion, columnId=1149733269173878863, journalTitle=China Safety Science Journal, columnName=Safety engineering technology, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to study the damage characteristics of gas explosion from double explosion sources in roadway wall，the gas explosion model of roadway with double explosion sources was established by using LS-Dyna，and the pressure propagation and impact stress of shock wave in roadway under the gas explosion action of double explosion sources were analyzed. The change of axial pressure in the roadway and the damage to surrounding rock in the symmetrical section were measured when gas explosion with double explosion sources occurred. The research results show that the interaction between the shock waves generated by double explosion sources in the roadway results in a significant disparity in pressure compared to that of a single explosion source. At each axial position where the gas explosions from the double sources occur，there are two distinct pressure peaks，with the magnitude of the first peak negatively correlated with its proximity to the nearest explosion source. The value of the second peak pressure is negatively correlated with its distance from the collision surface where shock waves from two sources meet. The peak pressures before and after this collision were not a simply linear superimposition，but a sharp rise. The damage evolution process on surrounding rock wall surfaces resembles that of diffusion for shock wave pressure propagation and shock stress，although it is lagging these two phenomena. Furthermore，the duration of shock wave action plays a crucial role in determining the thickness of damage inflicted on surrounding rock formations，with roof damage being most severe in roadways subjected to double explosion source gas explosions.

, correspAuthors=Qing YE, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yangzhou TENG, Qing YE, Zhenzhen JIA), CN=ArticleExt(id=1148106716576735864, articleId=1148106708494312329, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, language=CN, title=双爆源瓦斯爆炸对巷道冲击破坏特性的影响研究, columnId=1149733269727526997, journalTitle=中国安全科学学报, columnName=安全工程技术, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

为探究巷道内双爆源瓦斯爆炸冲击波对巷道壁面的破坏特性，利用LS-Dyna建立巷道双爆源瓦斯爆炸模型，分析双爆源瓦斯爆炸作用下巷道内冲击波压力分布变化及围岩冲击应力分布变化，并测定双爆源瓦斯爆炸时巷道内轴向压力的变化和对称切面围岩损伤破坏演化情况。结果表明：巷道内双爆源冲击波之间的相互作用使得巷道内的冲击波压力情况与单爆源时有着较大区别，发生双爆源瓦斯爆炸的巷道轴向各位置将会出现2次压力峰值，第1次压力峰值的大小与该处与近爆源的距离呈负相关性，而第2次压力峰值的大小与该处离2爆源间冲击波碰撞面的距离呈负相关性，巷道内双爆源的冲击波碰撞前后压力峰值并非简单的线性叠加而是急剧攀升;围岩壁面的损伤演化过程与冲击波压力传播和冲击应力的扩散过程类似，但相比于两者具有滞后性，并且冲击波的作用时间对围岩的损伤深度起着关键作用，在发生双爆源瓦斯爆炸的巷道内顶板的损伤破坏最为严重。

, correspAuthors=叶青, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
**叶青(1976—)，男，江西贵溪人，博士，教授，主要从事瓦斯灾害防治理论与技术研究。E-mail：。
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滕洋洲 (2000—)，男，湖南衡阳人，硕士研究生，研究方向为瓦斯灾害防治等。E-mail：。

贾真真 副教授

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滕洋洲 (2000—)，男，湖南衡阳人，硕士研究生，研究方向为瓦斯灾害防治等。E-mail：。

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滕洋洲 (2000—)，男，湖南衡阳人，硕士研究生，研究方向为瓦斯灾害防治等。E-mail：。

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贾真真 副教授

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贾真真 副教授

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Error table of experimental and simulated values at different monitoring points

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监测点 测点试验压力
峰值/Pa		 测点模拟压力
峰值/Pa		 误差/%
A(10 m) 1.52×105 1.74×105 14.47
B(20 m) 1.45×105 1.57×105 8.28
C(40 m) 1.81×105 1.93×105 6.63
D(80 m) 1.67×105 1.75×105 4.8
E(160 m) 1.12×105 1.16×105 3.57
), ArticleFig(id=1165681993909023239, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1148106708494312329, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同监测点试验值及模拟值的误差表

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
监测点 测点试验压力
峰值/Pa		 测点模拟压力
峰值/Pa		 误差/%
A(10 m) 1.52×105 1.74×105 14.47
B(20 m) 1.45×105 1.57×105 8.28
C(40 m) 1.81×105 1.93×105 6.63
D(80 m) 1.67×105 1.75×105 4.8
E(160 m) 1.12×105 1.16×105 3.57
), ArticleFig(id=1165681994169070088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146031787341344770, articleId=1148106708494312329, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Damage thickness of surrounding rock at each measurement point of symmetrical cross section

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
测点
名		 L1/cm L2/cm L3/cm L/cm
A 3.75 3.5 3.25 3.5
B 2.5 2.45 2.6 2.55
C 1.25 2.05 1.2 1.5
D 2.5 2.55 2.45 2.5
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对称截面各测点围岩损伤厚度

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
测点
名		 L1/cm L2/cm L3/cm L/cm
A 3.75 3.5 3.25 3.5
B 2.5 2.45 2.6 2.55
C 1.25 2.05 1.2 1.5
D 2.5 2.55 2.45 2.5
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双爆源瓦斯爆炸对巷道冲击破坏特性的影响研究
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滕洋洲 1 , 叶青 1, 2, 3, ** , 贾真真 1, 2, 3
中国安全科学学报 | 安全工程技术 2025,35(2): 196-202
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中国安全科学学报 | 安全工程技术 2025, 35(2): 196-202
双爆源瓦斯爆炸对巷道冲击破坏特性的影响研究
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滕洋洲1 , 叶青1, 2, 3, ** , 贾真真1, 2, 3
作者信息
  • 1 湖南科技大学 资源环境与安全工程学院，湖南 湘潭 411201
  • 2 湖南科技大学 地下空间防火防爆材料与装备湖南省工程研究中心，湖南 湘潭 411201
  • 3 湖南科技大学 火灾爆炸防控与应急技术湖南省普通高等学校重点实验室，湖南 湘潭 411201

    • 滕洋洲 (2000—)，男，湖南衡阳人，硕士研究生，研究方向为瓦斯灾害防治等。E-mail：。

    贾真真 副教授

通讯作者:

**叶青(1976—)，男，江西贵溪人，博士，教授，主要从事瓦斯灾害防治理论与技术研究。E-mail：。
Study on impact damage characteristics of roadway caused by double explosion source gas explosion
Yangzhou TENG1 , Qing YE1, 2, 3, ** , Zhenzhen JIA1, 2, 3
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Resource，Environment and Safety Engineering，Hunan University of Science and Technology，Xiangtan Hunan 411201，China
  • 2 Hunan Engineering Research Center for Fire and Explosion Prevention Materials and Equipment in Underground Spaces，Xiangtan Hunan 411201，China
  • 3 Key Laboratory of Fire and Explosion Prevention and Emergency Technology in Hunan Province，Xiangtan Hunan 411201，China
出版时间: 2025-02-28 doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.02.1648
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摘要
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为探究巷道内双爆源瓦斯爆炸冲击波对巷道壁面的破坏特性，利用LS-Dyna建立巷道双爆源瓦斯爆炸模型，分析双爆源瓦斯爆炸作用下巷道内冲击波压力分布变化及围岩冲击应力分布变化，并测定双爆源瓦斯爆炸时巷道内轴向压力的变化和对称切面围岩损伤破坏演化情况。结果表明：巷道内双爆源冲击波之间的相互作用使得巷道内的冲击波压力情况与单爆源时有着较大区别，发生双爆源瓦斯爆炸的巷道轴向各位置将会出现2次压力峰值，第1次压力峰值的大小与该处与近爆源的距离呈负相关性，而第2次压力峰值的大小与该处离2爆源间冲击波碰撞面的距离呈负相关性，巷道内双爆源的冲击波碰撞前后压力峰值并非简单的线性叠加而是急剧攀升;围岩壁面的损伤演化过程与冲击波压力传播和冲击应力的扩散过程类似，但相比于两者具有滞后性，并且冲击波的作用时间对围岩的损伤深度起着关键作用，在发生双爆源瓦斯爆炸的巷道内顶板的损伤破坏最为严重。

双爆源  /  瓦斯爆炸  /  巷道  /  冲击波  /  冲击应力  /  破坏特性

In order to study the damage characteristics of gas explosion from double explosion sources in roadway wall，the gas explosion model of roadway with double explosion sources was established by using LS-Dyna，and the pressure propagation and impact stress of shock wave in roadway under the gas explosion action of double explosion sources were analyzed. The change of axial pressure in the roadway and the damage to surrounding rock in the symmetrical section were measured when gas explosion with double explosion sources occurred. The research results show that the interaction between the shock waves generated by double explosion sources in the roadway results in a significant disparity in pressure compared to that of a single explosion source. At each axial position where the gas explosions from the double sources occur，there are two distinct pressure peaks，with the magnitude of the first peak negatively correlated with its proximity to the nearest explosion source. The value of the second peak pressure is negatively correlated with its distance from the collision surface where shock waves from two sources meet. The peak pressures before and after this collision were not a simply linear superimposition，but a sharp rise. The damage evolution process on surrounding rock wall surfaces resembles that of diffusion for shock wave pressure propagation and shock stress，although it is lagging these two phenomena. Furthermore，the duration of shock wave action plays a crucial role in determining the thickness of damage inflicted on surrounding rock formations，with roof damage being most severe in roadways subjected to double explosion source gas explosions.

double explosion sources  /  gas explosion  /  roadway  /  shock wave  /  impact stress  /  damage characteristics
滕洋洲, 叶青, 贾真真. 双爆源瓦斯爆炸对巷道冲击破坏特性的影响研究. 中国安全科学学报, 2025 , 35 (2) : 196 -202 . DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.02.1648
Yangzhou TENG, Qing YE, Zhenzhen JIA. Study on impact damage characteristics of roadway caused by double explosion source gas explosion[J]. China Safety Science Journal, 2025 , 35 (2) : 196 -202 . DOI: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.02.1648
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0 引言
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瓦斯爆炸给煤矿安全生产带来了重大危害[1-2]，尤其是多爆源瓦斯爆炸事故。多爆源瓦斯爆炸由于受多源冲击波、火焰的相互作用，会对人员、巷道设施造成更大的破坏，因此，研究多爆源瓦斯爆炸破坏特性对煤矿安全生产具有重要意义。
近年来，国内众学者对受限空间内的爆炸物化性质进行了大量研究。例如：YE Qing等[3]研究了壁面热效应对矿井瓦斯爆炸的影响，发现壁面热效应对冲击波压力和传播速度等方面均有影响，且其影响程度与绝热度呈正相关。景国勋等[4]通过耦合不同质量浓度的煤尘爆炸试验，发现传播管道内最大压力随煤尘质量浓度的增加而增大，且最大压力与距爆源距离的平方根成反比。赵永耀等[5]探究了瓦斯爆炸反应动力学和爆炸波传播的致灾机制，得到各种煤样在不同当量比条件下的爆炸特征以及瓦斯爆炸造成人员伤亡的主要原因。杨书召等[5]研究了瓦斯爆炸冲击波和高速气流的破坏特性，得出冲击波的压力以及高速气流是造成矿井设施损坏的主要原因。XUE Yongzhi等[7]运用数值模拟方法研究了瓦斯爆炸作用下的隧道壁面的动力响应，发现爆炸压力、传播速度以及隧道壁面的有效应力均随着瓦斯气体量的增加及气云尺寸减小而增大。张世豪等[8]探究了爆源数量对混凝土中多点爆炸破坏情况，观测各工况各位置的压力值情况及多点爆炸的能量聚集现象并获得了各个工况下传播介质破坏形状;余俊[9]和LIN Shangjian[10]等研究了下多点爆炸特性，得出多爆源情况下的水下爆炸的压力增幅现象及强度。上述有关多爆源的研究大多集中于地下爆炸和水下爆炸等情况，却鲜有学者研究多爆源的煤矿巷道瓦斯爆炸破坏特性。
鉴于此，笔者拟采用LS-Dyna软件建立巷道双爆源瓦斯爆炸的数学物理模型，探究巷道内发生双爆源瓦斯爆炸时的冲击波流场特征、围岩冲击应力变化特征、围岩损伤演变过程，以期获得双爆源条件下的瓦斯爆炸对巷道壁面损伤破坏特性。
1 巷道数学模型
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1.1 瓦斯爆炸基本控制方程
在瓦斯爆炸过程中满足以下方程。
质量守恒方程：
∂ ρ ∂ t + ∂ ( ρ u ) ∂ x + ∂ ( ρ v ) ∂ y + ∂ ( ρ w ) ∂ z = 0
能量守恒方程：
∂ e ∂ t + u ∂ e ∂ x + v ∂ e ∂ y + w ∂ e ∂ z = 0
式中：x、y、z为坐标参数；ρ为流体密度，kg/m3；u、v、w分别为3个坐标方向的速度，m/s;t为时间，s;e为比能，J/kg。
1.2 基本假设及边界条件
为使模拟结果更贴近巷道真实结果，在模型除Y-Z对称面外均设置无反射边界;为防止模型在重力下发生不合理位移变形，在模型底部设置全约束边界。为简化计算，对模型作出如下假设:瓦斯气体处于常温常压状态且混合均匀(CH4体积分数为9.5%)；巷道内只存在2个瓦斯爆炸热源;巷道围岩为均匀连续的，且两端均为开口;巷道壁面光滑绝热，不考虑壁热效应;瓦斯爆炸反应不可逆且忽略反应中间过程。文中采用三硝基甲苯(Trinitrotoluene，TNT)当量法仿真求解双爆源瓦斯爆炸问题。
2 巷道瓦斯爆炸数值模型的建立
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2.1 物理模型的构建与网格划分
巷道模型断面以煤科总院重庆分院大型试验主巷道[11]为蓝本构建，为方便计算，根据几何模型的轴对称性，建立10m长的1/2的两端开口巷道模型，文中所用材料模型和参数均采用统一单位制，计算模型的长宽高分别为L=10m、W=6m、H=8m，巷道宽度2w=2m，顶拱半径为r=1m，巷道高度为h+r=2m，以巷道入口高1m处为原点构建坐标系，具体xyz轴方向如图1所示，通过关键字设置两起爆点坐标为(0，0，2.5)和(0，0，7.5)，起爆时间为0s，且点火能量一致，以扫掠法网格划分模型，网格划分最密处尺寸仅为0.05m，共划分网格数约103万个，均为六面体网格，划分网格后的模型如图2所示，采用拉格朗日单元建立围岩，欧拉(Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian，ALE)单元构建空气与TNT模块，采用欧拉方法建立模型并通过关键字*Constrained-lagrange-in-solid进行流固耦合控制。
2.2 材料模型
围岩采用HJC材料模型描述，参数见文献[12]。空气介质模型材料选用LS-Dyna中的*Mat-null，状态方程选用*Eos-liner-polynomial，参数见文献[13]。TNT材料模型选用*High-explosive-burn和JWL状态方程描述，参数见文献[13]。
2.3 观测点的布置
为观测巷道内的压力变化情况，在爆炸点所处的轴线方向布置M1—M5号测点，测点的位置为(0，0，3)到(0，0，5)每隔0.5m布置1个，共5个;为观测对称截面的损伤特征，在巷道对称截面上的拱顶、帮部、隅角、底板分别设置A、B、C、D共4个测点。具体测点布置如图3所示。
2.4 巷道瓦斯爆炸模型的有效性验证
为验证构建理论模型的有效性，以巷道单爆源所得研究数据[14]验证模型的有效性，相同条件下，模拟及试验结果见表1。可知：监测点在模拟和试验所观测到的压力峰值大小十分相近，误差值均低于15%，即说明所建理论模型有效。
3 瓦斯爆炸对巷道冲击破坏特性的影响
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3.1 巷道内双爆源瓦斯爆炸冲击波压力分析
笔者模拟的巷道内双爆源瓦斯爆炸所形成的冲击波压力云图如图4所示，由图4可知：观测到在2爆源分别产生的冲击波在相遇之前传播过程一致且互不干扰，冲击波分别由左右2起爆点以类球状扩散开来，传播一段距离后由于巷道壁面的限制，冲击波依次传播至巷道的拱顶、帮部、底板最后传播至离起爆点距离较远的隅角，同时于上述位置发生反射或透射，最终反射波与初始爆炸产生的冲击波汇合并以不规则弧面波的形式随着原来的方向沿巷道进行轴向传播(图4a—图4d)，随着冲击波沿巷道轴向传播的距离的增加，2爆源所产生的冲击波将于巷道的左右对称截面处发生碰撞，这也使得发生双爆源瓦斯爆炸的巷道内冲击波流场情况与单爆源的情况有着较大区别，2爆源所激发的冲击波相遇发生碰撞进而产生合成波后，合成波的传播方向和速度随时间不停改变，向巷道内其他各位置发散传播(图4e—图4f)，最后由于传播距离的增加，冲击波产生的能量逐渐耗散衰减直至消失。
基于流固耦合数值模型，得到双爆源瓦斯爆炸过程中各轴向测点的压力时程曲线如图5所示。从图5看出，近爆源的M5号观测点的第1个压力峰值为1.702MPa，与实际巷道内发生瓦斯爆炸产生的最大压力峰值相符[15]，由图5可知：M1—M4号测点的第1个压力峰值分别为7.08、0.701、0.778、0.889MPa，各测点第1波峰的峰值大小关系为M1>M5>M4>M3>M2，这是由于除M1号测点外其他测点第1次观测到的压力峰值是各个测点受巷道内的右侧爆源单个引发的冲击波造成，而M1号测点由于其位于左右爆源的对称截面上，故其观测到的第1波峰为两侧冲击波发生碰撞叠加后所产生的合成波的压力值，由此可以看出各个测点的第1波峰的压力值与测点跟近爆点的距离呈负相关，离起爆点的距离越远则第1次压力峰值越小。测得的M1—M5号测点第2个压力峰值分别为6.647、5.018、3.207、1.105、0.995MPa，由图5可知：各测点第2波峰的峰值大小关系为M1>M2>M3>M4>M5，这是由于第2次观测到的压力峰值是各个测点受左右2冲击波发生碰撞叠加产生的合成波向四周发散传播引起，由此可知：各个测点的第2波峰的压力值与距离2冲击波的碰撞面的距离呈负相关，距离冲击波碰撞面越远，则观测到的第2波峰越小，后续各测点的压力值发生小幅波动，这是由于合成波向巷道内扩散与巷道壁面发生反射造成。
将巷道内发生单、双爆源2种瓦斯爆炸情况下M1号测点位置的压力时程曲线绘于同1张图得到图6，由图6可知：当巷道内发生单爆源瓦斯爆炸时，冲击波传播到M1号测点位置时的时间为1.84ms，压力峰值为2.26MPa，而巷道内发生双爆源瓦斯爆炸时，冲击波传播到M1号测点位置时的时间为1.86ms，压力峰值为7.08MPa，由此看出，巷道内发生双爆源瓦斯爆炸与发生单爆源瓦斯爆炸时冲击波传播至M1测点位置的时间近似，而压力峰值有较大区别，这是由于巷道内发生瓦斯爆炸时冲击波的传播速度与点火能有较大关系，所以导致2种情况下冲击波的抵达时间近似，而双爆源在该点的压力峰值约为单爆源工况的3.13倍，这说明冲击波碰撞前后压力峰值之间的关系并非简单的线性叠加而是急剧攀升。
3.2 巷道内双爆源瓦斯爆炸作用下冲击破坏分析
3.2.1 巷道围岩冲击应力分析
当巷道内发生爆炸时，在冲击波传播及波系演化过程中，冲击波与巷道结构相互耦合，导致巷道结构产生动力响应而发生破坏，而从3.1小节可知：在2爆源的对称面上会因为冲击波的碰撞合成而发生更为严重的破坏。双爆源作用下巷道围岩的冲击应力云图如图7所示，从图7a看出，在双爆源瓦斯爆炸作用下，在0.03ms时冲击波最先到达围岩顶板产生冲击应力，此时最大应力达0.259MPa，之后冲击波依次抵达帮部-底板-隅角，从图7b可以看出，巷道壁面在隅角处发生了应力集中，这是由于“犄角结构”同时放大了两侧冲击波在此处的反射效应，导致隅角处的冲击应力激增，此时最大应力达20.75MPa。从图7c可以看出，随着时间推移，后续左右两侧爆源冲击波碰撞导致巷道的对称面处出现高应力区，最大应力达到12.1MPa，之后冲击波随着时间推移逐渐衰弱，围岩的冲击应力也随爆炸时间推移逐渐减小直至恢复常态。
3.2.2 巷道壁面的损伤破坏特性
巷道内发生瓦斯爆炸时，由于空间的限制，爆炸冲击波抵达巷道壁面后部分能量向巷道壁面传递，在冲击载荷的持续作用打破壁面的应力平衡，围岩内部产生剧烈的应力变化，壁面的变形、损伤随着应力变化中开始形成，巷道壁面材料的各向同性使其在外力作用下产生的形变，应力波在造成壁面材料形变的同时朝着围岩深部扩散并衰减，当壁面结构内部应力不足以使其产生塑性形变时，巷道的全部损伤破坏区域形成。
在模型中加入*EROSION关键字可以设置材料的破坏失效条件，用来模拟围岩在爆炸冲击作用下的破坏效果，当受限空间内的瓦斯发生爆炸后，产生的能量传递至巷道煤岩结构并被其吸收，这将会在巷道围岩结构中生成破坏区和裂隙区，通常情况下围岩结构将在最小2~4MPa的冲击波压力作用下发生损伤破坏[16]，假设围岩发生损伤破坏的破碎压力为3MPa，加入该关键字后重新计算模型，所得的壁面损伤的演化过程如图8所示，其中，黑色表示损伤岩体，白色表示未损伤岩体，从图8a可以看出，在冲击波的作用下围岩顶板处先产生破坏，从图8b—图8d可以看出，之后破坏区域沿两端扩散，逐渐覆盖将近整个围岩表面，观测到的损伤演化过程与上述冲击波流场及冲击应力的传播过程相吻合，只是围岩发生损伤的时间相较于该处观测到冲击波流场云图和冲击应力云图的时间滞后，这是由于围岩发生损伤不仅仅需要一定的冲击波压力大小还需要一定的冲击波作用时间。
根据上述对发生双爆源瓦斯爆炸的巷道的冲击波流场分析，在巷道对称截面处的冲击波会发生碰撞叠加产生更大的峰值压力，为更好地了解对称截面处的损伤破坏特性，在围岩全部损伤区域形成后，将对称截面各个测点附近的围岩损伤厚度进行3次随机测量，得到L1、L2、L3，将3次测量结果求得的平均损伤厚度L作为该位置的损伤破坏结果，见表2，由表2可知：巷道内发生双爆源瓦斯爆炸的情况下围岩的损伤厚度情况为LA(顶板)>LB(帮部)>LD(底板)>LC(隅角)，虽然隅角处出现应力集中，但由于冲击波作用时间比起其他位置较短，使得该处围岩的损伤厚度最小仅为1.5cm，其他位置由于作用时间相比于隅角较长，这也使得其他位置的围岩损伤厚度均比隅角要大，其中冲击波最先到达的顶板损伤厚度最大达3.5cm，帮部与底板由于冲击波抵达时间与作用强度近似，分别损伤了2.55、 2.5cm，可见，在发生双爆源瓦斯爆炸的巷道内顶板处的损伤最严重，观测点处的损伤厚度大小关系与上文中冲击波抵达先后顺序关系一致，冲击波越先抵达，则冲击波作用时间越久损伤厚度越大，由此发现，在瓦斯爆炸冲击波强度均可以对围岩造成损伤的前提下，冲击波的作用时间对围岩的损伤厚度起着关键作用，同时在可能发生双爆源瓦斯爆炸的巷道安全设计中需要着重注意巷道顶板的防护。
4 结论
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1) 巷道内发生双爆源瓦斯爆炸时，由于2个爆源冲击波的碰撞叠加，使得巷道内的冲击波流场情况与单爆源的情况产生较大差异，巷道轴向中心测点处发生双爆源瓦斯爆炸时的测点压力约为单爆源工况的3.13倍。
2) 巷道内发生双爆源瓦斯爆炸时，巷道内轴向测点将会出现2次压力峰值，各个测点第1次压力峰值和第2次压力峰值的大小分别与该处离近爆源的距离和冲击波碰撞面呈负相关，并且2爆源的冲击波碰撞前后压力峰值并非简单的线性叠加而是急剧攀升。
3) 巷道内发生双爆源瓦斯爆炸时，巷道围岩冲击应力的产生顺序为顶板-帮部-底板-隅角;围岩壁面的损伤破坏过程与冲击波流场云图和冲击应力云图的扩散过程类似，平均损伤厚度最大处为顶板达3.5cm。因此，在可能发生双爆源瓦斯爆炸的巷道安全设计中需要着重注意巷道顶板的防护。
基金
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  • 国家自然科学基金资助(52174177)
  • 国家自然科学基金资助(52174178)
文献
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2025年第35卷第2期
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doi: 10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.02.1648
  • 接收时间：2024-09-09
  • 首发时间：2025-07-05
  • 出版时间：2025-02-28
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  • 收稿日期：2024-09-09
  • 修回日期：2024-11-11
基金
国家自然科学基金资助(52174177)
国家自然科学基金资助(52174178)
作者信息
    1 湖南科技大学 资源环境与安全工程学院，湖南 湘潭 411201
    2 湖南科技大学 地下空间防火防爆材料与装备湖南省工程研究中心，湖南 湘潭 411201
    3 湖南科技大学 火灾爆炸防控与应急技术湖南省普通高等学校重点实验室，湖南 湘潭 411201

通讯作者:

**叶青(1976—)，男，江西贵溪人，博士，教授，主要从事瓦斯灾害防治理论与技术研究。E-mail：。
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zgaqkxxb/CN/10.16265/j.cnki.issn1003-3033.2025.02.1648
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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