Article(id=1228805277378609442, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228805274362904818, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.05.010, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1687968000000, receivedDateStr=2023-06-29, revisedDate=1693497600000, revisedDateStr=2023-09-01, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1770899608225, onlineDateStr=2026-02-12, pubDate=1746806400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1770899608225, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-12, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1770899608225, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770899608225, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1228805274362904818, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, year='2025', volume='38', issue='5', pageStart='889', pageEnd='1132', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1770899607506, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770901500406, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1228813213828051801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228805274362904818, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1228813213828051802, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228805274362904818, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=984, endPage=993, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1228805277655433518, articleId=1228805277378609442, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, language=EN, title=Dynamic modelling and vibration energy harvesting performance of tuning fork piezoelectric cantilever beam, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Vibration Engineering, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Ambient vibration energy harvesting technology can provide green self-powered supply technology for low-power electronic devices in the Internet of Things (IoTs). In response to the shortcomings of traditional linear cantilever beam energy harvesters with high natural frequencies and low energy capture efficiency, a tuning fork-shaped cantilever beam structure is proposed to collect vibration energy in the environment. This overcomes the disadvantage of traditional cantilever beam structures, where the free end section, due to its small strain during vibration, is not conducive to energy collection. As a result, the energy harvesting efficiency of the system is significantly enhanced. The Lagrange equation is used to establish the dynamic equation of a tuning fork piezoelectric cantilever beam under harmonic excitation. The influence of structure size, added tip-mass and load resistance on the energy capture characteristics of the system are analyzed through a combination of the theoretical analysis, finite element simulation (FEM) and experimental results. The results show that introducing a bifurcation structure at the free end of the cantilever beam can reduce the fundamental frequency of the system, proving that the tuning fork piezoelectric cantilever beam energy harvester is more conducive to low-frequency ambient vibration energy harvesting. When the acceleration excitation amplitude is 0.5 m/s2, the peak output power of the system is 7 mW. Further optimization of the structure by adding a 20 g tip-mass at the free end increases the peak energy capture output power to 18 mW. Design a piezoelectric energy capture interface circuit to collect and convert electrical energy directly to power LED lights (light emitting diodes). Experimental results can simultaneously light up 50 LED lights. The research results can provide theoretical support for energy collection in low-frequency vibration environments and for achieving self-powered design of low-power IoT sensors below 80 Hz.
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环境振动能量采集技术可为物联网低功耗电子设备提供绿色无源自供电技术,针对传统平直悬臂梁俘能器结构固有频率高,俘能效率较低的不足,提出一类叉型悬臂梁结构用于环境中振动能量的采集,克服传统悬臂梁结构自由端部分因振动时应变较小而不利于能量采集的缺点,从而提升系统的俘能效率。利用Lagrange方程建立音叉压电悬臂梁在谐波激励下的动力学方程,求解系统固有频率,综合对比理论解析、有限元仿真和试验结果,分析了结构尺寸、附加质量块以及负载电阻对系统俘能特性的影响。结果表明:在悬臂梁结构自由端处引入分叉结构可以降低系统的固有频率,证明音叉压电悬臂梁俘能器更有利于低频环境振动俘能;在加速度激励幅值为0.5 m/s2时,系统俘能输出功率峰值为7 mW;进一步优化结构,在自由端引入20 g附加质量块,系统俘能输出功率峰值提升至18 mW;设计压电俘能接口电路,采集转换的电能直接为LED灯(发光二极管)供电,可同时点亮50个LED灯。研究结果可为适配80 Hz以下的低频振动环境的能量采集以及实现低功耗物联网传感器的自供电设计提供理论支撑。
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结构几何参数和附加总质量对固有频率的影响, figureFileSmall=TeDAMT488WETXA355czycQ==, figureFileBig=GrbXHCranHTswggfunh/ag==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805284752196364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=
Optimum load resistance, figureFileSmall=MW4EXEnIUr+0LDgmqW81Yg==, figureFileBig=HclmZHFB0C5FbNqpqEfoIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805284873831188, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
最佳负载电阻, figureFileSmall=MW4EXEnIUr+0LDgmqW81Yg==, figureFileBig=HclmZHFB0C5FbNqpqEfoIQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805284982883100, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=
Theoretical and simulated output voltage responses under different loads conditions, figureFileSmall=7HRYOp5FDCrcUvo7euErzQ==, figureFileBig=CakMXkNfLrUErXCqYCu4QQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805285070963492, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
不同负载情况下的理论和仿真输出电压响应, figureFileSmall=7HRYOp5FDCrcUvo7euErzQ==, figureFileBig=CakMXkNfLrUErXCqYCu4QQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805285171626791, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=
Theoretical and simulated power responses under different loads conditions, figureFileSmall=UkhmUOCh2fg17lrtpsv2vg==, figureFileBig=hIkGKY+7I0pd3kQdWNYFeA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805285318427441, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
不同负载情况下的理论和仿真功率响应, figureFileSmall=UkhmUOCh2fg17lrtpsv2vg==, figureFileBig=hIkGKY+7I0pd3kQdWNYFeA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805285414896439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=
Displacement responses of the end points of each beam segment, figureFileSmall=XjwGRhlhUFJJQ5axwGkBQA==, figureFileBig=pc+PY+6YztzhJnnVcLGUug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805285494588220, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
各梁段末端端点位移响应, figureFileSmall=XjwGRhlhUFJJQ5axwGkBQA==, figureFileBig=pc+PY+6YztzhJnnVcLGUug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805285599445830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=
Schematic diagram of experimental system, figureFileSmall=NbVXTPS/IZwzmqGw6Mg2RQ==, figureFileBig=YP7FOE7qJK+5UtCmBXZrTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805285679137613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
试验系统示意图, figureFileSmall=NbVXTPS/IZwzmqGw6Mg2RQ==, figureFileBig=YP7FOE7qJK+5UtCmBXZrTA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805285737857875, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=EN, label=Fig. 9, caption=
Waveform diagram of open circuit voltage, figureFileSmall=XFaZ1nDXKRmNRoxwUkvVWQ==, figureFileBig=ryOddoTdQ0LnVVu6t4QrpQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805285830132571, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
开路电压波形图, figureFileSmall=XFaZ1nDXKRmNRoxwUkvVWQ==, figureFileBig=ryOddoTdQ0LnVVu6t4QrpQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805285905630050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=EN, label=Fig. 10, caption=
Output voltage under 80 kΩ load resistance, figureFileSmall=N5LOGsXeQEN05wttwpcmug==, figureFileBig=/btNmIueyEm6qAEPQdUB2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805286010487656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
80 kΩ负载电阻下的输出电压, figureFileSmall=N5LOGsXeQEN05wttwpcmug==, figureFileBig=/btNmIueyEm6qAEPQdUB2g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805286090179441, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=EN, label=Fig. 11, caption=
Voltage response and power under end attached mass block, figureFileSmall=fLgjTs8GulYhB4Vgb2AvvA==, figureFileBig=2u1bgPt4/SHovJkicVGo+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805286161482616, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=CN, label=图11, caption=
端部附加质量块时的电压响应和功率, figureFileSmall=fLgjTs8GulYhB4Vgb2AvvA==, figureFileBig=2u1bgPt4/SHovJkicVGo+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805286228591487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=EN, label=Fig. 12, caption=
50 LEDs were lighted by experiment, figureFileSmall=cgJhoxPMchEMvSmJD8H/GQ==, figureFileBig=hEjw8Q9FmDQFkT8FWNJ/Pg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805286295700356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=CN, label=图12, caption=
试验点亮50个LED灯, figureFileSmall=cgJhoxPMchEMvSmJD8H/GQ==, figureFileBig=hEjw8Q9FmDQFkT8FWNJ/Pg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805286367003531, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=EN, label=Fig. 13, caption=
Schematic diagram of three cantilever beam structure, figureFileSmall=U6fGDF0pPuBKHBoG9nHS2Q==, figureFileBig=RU58nifTTbDd67qx/9/AOQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805286455083918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=CN, label=图13, caption=
三种悬臂梁结构示意图, figureFileSmall=U6fGDF0pPuBKHBoG9nHS2Q==, figureFileBig=RU58nifTTbDd67qx/9/AOQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805286538970005, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=EN, label=Fig. 14, caption=
Comparison of energy harvesting power of bifurcated cantilever beam, figureFileSmall=LzVr/5p0AxHf5lMa9o7ymA==, figureFileBig=k2mY8p3N+5bqO+IcgsIFwQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805286610273178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=CN, label=图14, caption=
二分叉悬臂梁俘能功率对比, figureFileSmall=LzVr/5p0AxHf5lMa9o7ymA==, figureFileBig=k2mY8p3N+5bqO+IcgsIFwQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805286694159264, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=EN, label=Fig. 15, caption=
Comparison of energy harvesting power of trifurcated cantilever beam, figureFileSmall=R0AG+PiwCx0l9KDF0hPEqQ==, figureFileBig=7To6fjmbMGW+71mf7xpx+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805286790628258, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=CN, label=图15, caption=
三分叉悬臂梁俘能功率对比, figureFileSmall=R0AG+PiwCx0l9KDF0hPEqQ==, figureFileBig=7To6fjmbMGW+71mf7xpx+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228805286882902953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=
Material parameters and dimensional parameters
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 符号 | 取值 |
|---|
| 第一段梁的长度 | l1 | 60 mm |
| 第二段梁的长度 | l2 | 3 mm |
| 第三段梁的长度 | l3 | 60 mm |
| 第四段梁的长度 | l4 | 60 mm |
| 第一段梁的厚度 | hs1 | 1.4 mm |
| 第二段梁的厚度 | hs2 | 10 mm |
| 第三段梁的厚度 | hs3 | 1 mm |
| 第四段梁的厚度 | hs4 | 1 mm |
| 压电片厚度 | hp | 0.2 mm |
| 梁宽度 | b | 20 mm |
| 铜基板密度 | ρs | 8940 kg/m3 |
| 铜基板样式模量 | Es | 90×109 Pa |
| 压电层密度 | ρp | 7500 kg/m3 |
| 压电层弹性模量 | Ep | 60.6×109 Pa |
| 压电常数 | e31 | −16.6 C/m2 |
| 介电常数 | ε33S | 21 |
| 第一阶模态阻尼比 | ξ1 | 0.02 |
), ArticleFig(id=1228805286958400427, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
材料参数和尺寸参数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 参数 | 符号 | 取值 |
|---|
| 第一段梁的长度 | l1 | 60 mm |
| 第二段梁的长度 | l2 | 3 mm |
| 第三段梁的长度 | l3 | 60 mm |
| 第四段梁的长度 | l4 | 60 mm |
| 第一段梁的厚度 | hs1 | 1.4 mm |
| 第二段梁的厚度 | hs2 | 10 mm |
| 第三段梁的厚度 | hs3 | 1 mm |
| 第四段梁的厚度 | hs4 | 1 mm |
| 压电片厚度 | hp | 0.2 mm |
| 梁宽度 | b | 20 mm |
| 铜基板密度 | ρs | 8940 kg/m3 |
| 铜基板样式模量 | Es | 90×109 Pa |
| 压电层密度 | ρp | 7500 kg/m3 |
| 压电层弹性模量 | Ep | 60.6×109 Pa |
| 压电常数 | e31 | −16.6 C/m2 |
| 介电常数 | ε33S | 21 |
| 第一阶模态阻尼比 | ξ1 | 0.02 |
), ArticleFig(id=1228805287075840947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=
Comparison of theoretical and simulated natural frequencies
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 结果 | ω1/Hz | ω2/Hz | ω3/Hz |
|---|
| 理论分析结果 | 50.38 | 142.45 | 248.63 |
| 有限元仿真结果 | 50.826 | 143.05 | 251.09 |
| 误差/% | 1.95 | 0.42 | 0.98 |
), ArticleFig(id=1228805287172309940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
理论和仿真的固有频率对比
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 结果 | ω1/Hz | ω2/Hz | ω3/Hz |
|---|
| 理论分析结果 | 50.38 | 142.45 | 248.63 |
| 有限元仿真结果 | 50.826 | 143.05 | 251.09 |
| 误差/% | 1.95 | 0.42 | 0.98 |
), ArticleFig(id=1228805287264584635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=
Natural frequencies of three cantilever beam structures
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 悬臂梁结构 | ω1/Hz | ω2/Hz | ω3/Hz |
|---|
| 传统平直悬臂梁 | 86.846 | 509.96 | 949.2 |
| 二分叉悬臂梁 | 57.925 | 65.846 | 311.53 |
| 三分叉悬臂梁 | 38.589 | 39.911 | 54.975 |
), ArticleFig(id=1228805287373636542, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805277378609442, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
三种悬臂梁结构固有频率
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 悬臂梁结构 | ω1/Hz | ω2/Hz | ω3/Hz |
|---|
| 传统平直悬臂梁 | 86.846 | 509.96 | 949.2 |
| 二分叉悬臂梁 | 57.925 | 65.846 | 311.53 |
| 三分叉悬臂梁 | 38.589 | 39.911 | 54.975 |
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