Article(id=1228805180787983277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228805175335383281, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.04.015, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1689868800000, receivedDateStr=2023-07-21, revisedDate=1695571200000, revisedDateStr=2023-09-25, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1770899585196, onlineDateStr=2026-02-12, pubDate=1744214400000, pubDateStr=2025-04-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1770899585196, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-12, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1770899585196, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770899585196, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1228805175335383281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, year='2025', volume='38', issue='4', pageStart='663', pageEnd='888', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1770899583895, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770901458539, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1228813038325789525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228805175335383281, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1228813038329983830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228805175335383281, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=794, endPage=802, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1228805181014475701, articleId=1228805180787983277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, language=EN, title=Analysis of human-footbridge-MTMD coupled system and MTMD optimization design based on the pseudo-excitation method, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Vibration Engineering, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To establish the optimal design method of multiple tuned mass damper(MTMD)for the footbridge considering the vertical human-structure interaction,the parameters randomness of the mass-spring-damper(MSD)pedestrian model is simulated,and the vertical dynamic response of the random crowd-footbridge-MTMD system is calculated based on the pseudo-excitation method. Then,the effect of vertical human-structure interaction on the dynamic response of the footbridge-TMD system is demonstrated. Finally,based on the H2 performance of the acceleration transfer function and response surface methodology of the coupled system,an optimal design method of MTMD for footbridge vibration control considering vertical human-structure interaction is established. The results show that the dynamic response calculation method of the coupled system avoids a large number of nonlinear time history analyses,and the power spectrum and root mean square of the coupled system response can be obtained efficiently. The vertical human-structure interaction makes the TMD detuning effect significant,and the reduction rate of TMD with 3% mass ratio decreases by 37.19% when the crowd density increases from 0.25 person/m2 to 1.25 person/m2. The proposed MTMD optimization design method for footbridge has an average mitigation rate of over 70% for footbridge acceleration response.

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为建立考虑人-结构竖向相互作用的人行桥MTMD减振优化设计方法,通过模拟行人单自由度质量-弹簧-阻尼(MSD)模型参数的随机性,基于虚拟激励法求解了随机人群-人行桥-MTMD耦合系统的竖向振动响应;分析了人-结构竖向相互作用对人行桥TMD减振效果的影响规律;基于随机人群-人行桥-MTMD耦合系统的加速度传递函数H2范数与响应面优化,建立了考虑人-结构竖向相互作用的人行桥MTMD减振优化设计方法。结果表明:本文计算方法避免了大量非线性时程分析,可高效获得耦合系统振动响应的功率谱和均方根值;人-结构竖向相互作用使得TMD失谐效应显著,人群密度由0.25人/m2增至1.25人/m2,TMD(质量比为3%)减振率下降37.19%;考虑人-结构竖向相互作用的人行桥MTMD优化设计方法对人行桥加速度响应减振率均值达到70%以上。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
汪志昊(1980—),男,博士,教授。E-mail:
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温金龙(1996—),男,博士研究生。E-mail:

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温金龙(1996—),男,博士研究生。E-mail:

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温金龙(1996—),男,博士研究生。E-mail:

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figureFileBig=QVb58N4+y2pTFZ3uyNauAg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1229121420647780877, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805180787983277, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

The parameters of MTMD

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比例/%(z=3)TMD-1TMD-2TMD-3
频率比阻尼比频率比阻尼比频率比阻尼比
00.92260.04990.92260.04990.92260.0499
10.93180.05080.92260.04990.91340.0486
30.95030.05080.92260.04990.89490.0526
50.96870.05120.92260.04990.87650.0520
70.98720.05320.92260.04990.85800.4590
91.00560.05630.92260.04990.83960.0436
比例/%(z=5)TMD-1TMD-2TMD-3TMD-4TMD-5
频率比阻尼比频率比阻尼比频率比阻尼比频率比阻尼比频率比阻尼比
00.92260.04160.92260.04160.92260.04160.92260.04160.92260.0416
10.94110.04360.93180.04230.92260.04160.91340.04050.90420.0395
30.97880.04860.95030.04330.92260.04160.89490.03990.86810.0391
51.01720.04520.96870.04390.92260.04160.87650.03970.83260.0383
71.05630.04710.98720.04440.92260.04160.85800.03820.79800.0378
91.09610.04981.00560.04530.92260.04160.83960.03760.76400.0335
), ArticleFig(id=1229121420756832786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805180787983277, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

MTMD参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
比例/%(z=3)TMD-1TMD-2TMD-3
频率比阻尼比频率比阻尼比频率比阻尼比
00.92260.04990.92260.04990.92260.0499
10.93180.05080.92260.04990.91340.0486
30.95030.05080.92260.04990.89490.0526
50.96870.05120.92260.04990.87650.0520
70.98720.05320.92260.04990.85800.4590
91.00560.05630.92260.04990.83960.0436
比例/%(z=5)TMD-1TMD-2TMD-3TMD-4TMD-5
频率比阻尼比频率比阻尼比频率比阻尼比频率比阻尼比频率比阻尼比
00.92260.04160.92260.04160.92260.04160.92260.04160.92260.0416
10.94110.04360.93180.04230.92260.04160.91340.04050.90420.0395
30.97880.04860.95030.04330.92260.04160.89490.03990.86810.0391
51.01720.04520.96870.04390.92260.04160.87650.03970.83260.0383
71.05630.04710.98720.04440.92260.04160.85800.03820.79800.0378
91.09610.04981.00560.04530.92260.04160.83960.03760.76400.0335
), ArticleFig(id=1229121420932993561, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805180787983277, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Comparison of reduction performance between traditional TMD and MTMD

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
减振系统减振率均值/%减振率标准差/%
传统TMD57.5113.22
MTMD (z=3)70.584.30
MTMD (z=5)70.344.11
), ArticleFig(id=1229121421029462561, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805180787983277, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

传统TMD与MTMD减振性能对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
减振系统减振率均值/%减振率标准差/%
传统TMD57.5113.22
MTMD (z=3)70.584.30
MTMD (z=5)70.344.11
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基于虚拟激励法的人-桥-MTMD竖向耦合振动分析及其减振优化设计
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温金龙 1, 2 , 李阳 1 , 汪志昊 1, 3 , 陈爱玖 1 , 胡明祎 4
振动工程学报 | 2025,38(4): 794-802
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振动工程学报 | 2025, 38(4): 794-802
基于虚拟激励法的人-桥-MTMD竖向耦合振动分析及其减振优化设计
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温金龙1, 2 , 李阳1, 汪志昊1, 3 , 陈爱玖1, 胡明祎4
作者信息
  • 1.华北水利水电大学土木与交通学院,河南 郑州 450045
  • 2.昆明理工大学建筑工程学院,云南 昆明 650000
  • 3.河南省结构振动控制与健康监测工程技术研究中心,河南 郑州 450045
  • 4.国机集团科学技术研究院有限公司工程振动控制技术研究中心,北京 100083
  • 温金龙(1996—),男,博士研究生。E-mail:

通讯作者:

汪志昊(1980—),男,博士,教授。E-mail:
Analysis of human-footbridge-MTMD coupled system and MTMD optimization design based on the pseudo-excitation method
Jinlong WEN1, 2 , Yang LI1, Zhihao WANG1, 3 , Aijiu CHEN1, Mingyi HU4
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Civil Engineering and Communication,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450045,China
  • 2.Faculty of Civil Engineering and Mechanics,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650000,China
  • 3.Henan Engineering Research Center for Structural Vibration Control and Health Monitoring,Zhengzhou 450045,China
  • 4.Engineering Vibration Control Technology Research Center of State Machinery Group Science and Technology Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100083,China
出版时间: 2025-04-10 doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.04.015
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为建立考虑人-结构竖向相互作用的人行桥MTMD减振优化设计方法,通过模拟行人单自由度质量-弹簧-阻尼(MSD)模型参数的随机性,基于虚拟激励法求解了随机人群-人行桥-MTMD耦合系统的竖向振动响应;分析了人-结构竖向相互作用对人行桥TMD减振效果的影响规律;基于随机人群-人行桥-MTMD耦合系统的加速度传递函数H2范数与响应面优化,建立了考虑人-结构竖向相互作用的人行桥MTMD减振优化设计方法。结果表明:本文计算方法避免了大量非线性时程分析,可高效获得耦合系统振动响应的功率谱和均方根值;人-结构竖向相互作用使得TMD失谐效应显著,人群密度由0.25人/m2增至1.25人/m2,TMD(质量比为3%)减振率下降37.19%;考虑人-结构竖向相互作用的人行桥MTMD优化设计方法对人行桥加速度响应减振率均值达到70%以上。

人-结构竖向相互作用  /  人行桥  /  随机人群  /  MTMD减振  /  虚拟激励法

To establish the optimal design method of multiple tuned mass damper(MTMD)for the footbridge considering the vertical human-structure interaction,the parameters randomness of the mass-spring-damper(MSD)pedestrian model is simulated,and the vertical dynamic response of the random crowd-footbridge-MTMD system is calculated based on the pseudo-excitation method. Then,the effect of vertical human-structure interaction on the dynamic response of the footbridge-TMD system is demonstrated. Finally,based on the H2 performance of the acceleration transfer function and response surface methodology of the coupled system,an optimal design method of MTMD for footbridge vibration control considering vertical human-structure interaction is established. The results show that the dynamic response calculation method of the coupled system avoids a large number of nonlinear time history analyses,and the power spectrum and root mean square of the coupled system response can be obtained efficiently. The vertical human-structure interaction makes the TMD detuning effect significant,and the reduction rate of TMD with 3% mass ratio decreases by 37.19% when the crowd density increases from 0.25 person/m2 to 1.25 person/m2. The proposed MTMD optimization design method for footbridge has an average mitigation rate of over 70% for footbridge acceleration response.

vertical human-structure interaction  /  footbridge  /  random crowd  /  vibration control with MTMD  /  pseudo-excitation method
温金龙, 李阳, 汪志昊, 陈爱玖, 胡明祎. 基于虚拟激励法的人-桥-MTMD竖向耦合振动分析及其减振优化设计. 振动工程学报, 2025 , 38 (4) : 794 -802 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.04.015
Jinlong WEN, Yang LI, Zhihao WANG, Aijiu CHEN, Mingyi HU. Analysis of human-footbridge-MTMD coupled system and MTMD optimization design based on the pseudo-excitation method[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering, 2025 , 38 (4) : 794 -802 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.04.015
大跨轻质人行桥结构竖向自振频率较低,极易在人致荷载作用下产生振动舒适度问题,振动舒适度正逐渐成为控制人行桥设计的核心指标[1-3],而在随机人群激励作用下,人行桥动力响应的快速分析方法及高效减振技术已成为大跨轻质人行桥研究的关键问题[4-5]
准确有效地计算人致荷载作用下大跨人行桥的动力响应是评价振动舒适度的重要前提,而人致荷载包括行人动力学模型和行人荷载模型两部分。行人动力学模型通常简化为考虑人体动力特性的质量-刚度-阻尼(mass-spring-damper,MSD)模型以及质量-刚度-阻尼-附加质量(mass-spring-damper-added mass,MMSD)模型等[6]。ŽIVANOVIĆ[7]试验研究表明,行人MSD模型频率在1.0~2.6 Hz之间,阻尼比在0.10~0.27之间。JIMÉNEZ-ALONSO等[8]通过人行桥实测加速度得到行人MMSD模型频率满足均值为2.933、方差为0.191的正态分布,阻尼比满足均值为0.414、方差为0.098的正态分布。对于行人荷载模型,为表达荷载周期性通常将其定义为傅里叶级数形式的确定性荷载模型,通过时程分析得到结构动力响应[9-11]。但行人行走过程包含随机性,为此现有研究通过大量实测数据得到行人荷载模型参数的概率统计,采用Monte Carlo模拟对结构进行随机振动分析[12-13]。然而,该方法需要进行大量非线性时程分析,计算效率偏低。实际上,对于随机动力激励,如地震、强风和海浪作用等,通常可采用功率谱模型表示随机性,基于随机振动理论分析结构随机激励下的动力响应[14-15]。为提高计算效率,林家浩等[16]提出了虚拟激励法,该方法对矩阵运算具有显著优势,现已被广泛应用于结构随机振动分析[17-18]领域。
针对人致振动响应超限(振动舒适度差)的大跨人行桥,通常采用加装调谐质量阻尼器(tuned mass damper,TMD)的方式进行振动控制[19-20]。然而,单个TMD对结构控制频率的波动较为敏感,现有研究表明人-结构竖向相互作用会对结构动力特性造成影响,导致TMD极易失谐[21]。多重调谐质量阻尼器(multiple tuned mass damper,MTMD)覆盖较宽的控制频带,具有更好的有效性和鲁棒性[22-23]。樊健生等[24]以人行桥均方根加速度为优化目标,采用遗传算法得到了MTMD优化参数;MIGUEL等[25]基于鲸鱼算法(WOA)对人行桥MTMD耦合系统进行了参数优化。
综上,现有研究表明受人致荷载随机性影响,基于时程分析法的人行桥人致振动响应求解效率低,随机人群-结构竖向相互作用下人行桥TMD减振系统极易失谐导致效果下降,亟待开展考虑人-结构竖向相互作用的人行桥MTMD高效减振研究。因此,本文将虚拟激励法与Monte Carlo模拟相结合,求解了随机人群-人行桥-MTMD系统竖向耦合动力响应,获得了人-结构竖向相互作用对人行桥TMD减振效果的影响规律,提出了一种考虑人-结构竖向相互作用的人行桥MTMD减振优化设计方法。
随机人群-人行桥-MTMD系统如图1所示。图1中,L为全桥长;mpqcpqkpqxpq分别为第q个行人自身质量、阻尼、刚度及其所在位置;mtkctkktkxtk分别为第k个TMD质量、阻尼、刚度及其所在位置。其动力学方程为:
式中,MCK分别为系统的质量、阻尼和刚度矩阵;F为随机人群荷载;y为系统的位移响应。
基于虚拟激励法,构造虚拟激励代入式(1)可得:
对式(2)进行傅里叶变换,可得结构在虚拟激励下的动力响应为:
式中,H (ω)为系统的传递函数矩阵;ω为频率。
将行人激励的功率谱密度函数代入式(3),由虚拟激励法可得系统位移响应功率谱为:
式中,上标“*”和“T”分别为向量的共轭和转置。
基于随机振动理论,可得系统位移响应的均方根为:
同理,可基于式(6)求出该系统在随机激励下的任意动力响应。
图1可知,人-桥-MTMD耦合系统中行人及TMD的动力方程可表示为:
式中,yypqytk分别为人行桥、第q个行人和第k个TMD所在位置处的竖向位移。
利用振型分解法,可将式(7)表示为:
式中,N为考虑总模态阶数;qnt)和ϕnx)分别为第n阶广义位移和广义振型,对于简支梁桥,
基于虚拟激励法[16]可得:
式中,为步行荷载功率谱。
人行桥动力平衡方程可表示为:
式中,ωnξn分别为人行桥第n阶圆频率和阻尼比;QK分别为行人和TMD总个数。
结合式(9)~(10),随机人群-人行桥-MTMD系统的耦合动力方程可表示为:
其中:
其中:
其中:
其中:
对公式(11)进行傅里叶变换,得到人行桥人致荷载作用下第n阶动力响应:
经推导,可得人行桥、第q个行人质心加速度以及第t个TMD质心相对位移的传递函数分别为:
式中,μtk=mtk/Mnμpq=mpq/Mn,其中Mn为人行桥第n阶模态质量。
结合式(3),人行桥加速度功率谱密度为:
式中,上标“*”表示共轭复数。
人行桥均方根加速度可表示为:
式中,ωmax表示最大频率。
q个行人质心加速度功率谱为:
q个行人质心均方根加速度可表示为:
k个TMD质心相对位移功率谱为:
k个TMD质心均方根相对位移可表示为:
人行桥跨度L=36 m,桥梁横截面宽B=3 m,单位长度质量m=1500 kg/m,抗弯刚度EI=3.444×109 N·m2,前3阶模态阻尼比均为0.005,前3阶模态频率分别为1.836、7.337、16.481 Hz。由文献[26]可知,人致荷载作用下高阶模态对该人行桥动力响应影响较小,因此本文后续取其1阶模态进行分析。本文采用MSD模型模拟行人,由于现有研究对其参数没有统一的概率模型,因此参考文献[27]取值,即行人自身频率满足U(1.0,4.5)Hz的均匀分布,阻尼比满足U(0.1,0.6)的均匀分布,质量满足N(70,0.18)kg的正态分布。人致荷载模型采用陈隽等[15]基于实测数据得到的步行荷载功率谱。当人行桥上的人群密度确定后,稳定的行人流与原地行走的人群对结构的影响大致相同[28]。因此,本文假定行人均匀分布于人行桥。为探究人-结构竖向相互作用对人行桥TMD减振系统动力响应的影响规律,采用DEN HARTOG[29]提出的TMD最优参数:
式中,μ为TMD质量比。
定义TMD减振率为:
式中,amaxa΄max分别为减振前、后行人以正常步频行走时(1.5~2.5 Hz)人行桥最大加速度均方根值。
本节选取DEN HARTOG[29]提出的TMD优化参数,分析TMD在人-桥竖向相互作用下的失谐效应。 TMD减振率随行人模型参数的变化关系如图2所示,其中,人群密度为0.75人/m2、TMD质量比为3%。由图2可知,TMD减振率随行人自身频率的增大而增大。当行人自身阻尼比取为0.6时,随着行人自身频率由2.0 Hz增至4.5 Hz,TMD减振率增加36.48%;而当行人自身阻尼比取为0.2时,TMD减振率增加60.7%。可见:行人自身阻尼较小时,人-结构竖向相互作用显著,行人对于TMD减振率影响较大。
行人模型参数对于TMD减振率影响显著,因此评估TMD减振效果时有必要考虑行人模型参数的随机性。TMD减振率随人群密度的变化关系如图3所示,其中TMD减振率均由200次数值计算后取其平均值得到。
图3可知,保持TMD质量比不变,TMD减振率均值随人群密度的增大而减小。TMD质量比为3%、人群密度为1.25人/m2时,根据复模态法[26]可得随机人群-人行桥-TMD耦合系统自振频率较人行桥空载时下降13.12%,此时TMD减振率均值仅为40.55%,较人群密度为0.25人/m2时下降37.19%。因此,有必要建立考虑人-结构竖向相互作用的人行桥TMD减振方法。
针对人-结构竖向相互作用产生的TMD失谐效应,提出了一种考虑人-结构竖向相互作用的MTMD系统优化设计方法,如图4所示。对于振动舒适度不满足规范要求的大跨人行桥,首先,结合实际工程选定MTMD系统中子TMD个数、质量以及中心频率;其次,其余子TMD频率基于中心频率按照已选定的频率间距等比例缩放,并选定各子TMD阻尼比;再次,根据理论方法计算安装MTMD系统后人行桥动力响应aq以及MTMD中各子TMD的行程atk;最后,根据规范[9]评估人行桥振动舒适度,以及判断各子TMD行程atk是否满足实际安装空间,如不满足要求则重新调整MTMD系统参数。
传递函数的H2范数反映了单位能量输入时系统输出响应的均方根值(root mean square,RMS),并成为能够衡量结构响应程度的指标。本文以随机人群-人行桥-MTMD耦合系统加速度传递函数的H2范数为优化目标,开展不同人群密度下的TMD优化设计[30],以获得MTMD系统中心频率,表达式如下:
基于响应面法(response surface methodology,RSM)[31]对式(34)进行求解,其函数表达式如下:
式中,fiξo分别为TMD频率比和阻尼比;r为自变量个数;αiαiiαio为待定系数;α0为约束均值;ε为误差值。
采用中心复合设计(central composite design,CCD)减小有限数量测试点带来的误差[32-33]。为考虑行人模型参数随机性,每个工况计算200次后取其均值。当TMD质量比为5%、人群密度为0.25人/m2时,人行桥加速度传递函数的H2范数响应面如图5所示。
图6为TMD最优参数随人群密度的变化关系。由图6可知,当TMD质量比保持不变时,TMD最优频率比随人群密度的增大呈近线性下降。当TMD质量比为3%、人群密度由0.25人/m2增加至1.25人/m2时,TMD最优频率比下降8.43%。人群密度变化对TMD最优阻尼比的影响较小,而TMD质量比对TMD最优参数影响较大。因此,根据图4确定各子TMD频率后,应根据各子TMD质量比选定其阻尼比。
以人群密度为0.75人/m2所对应TMD最优频率为MTMD中心频率,通过等比例扩大各子TMD频率间距的方式设置子TMD频率,MTMD总质量比取为3%,均匀分配至各子TMD,基于各子TMD质量比选取TMD阻尼比,具体参数如表1所示。
图7为人群激励下MTMD系统(z=3,5)对于人行桥跨中的减振率。如图7所示,MTMD系统频率放大比例较小时,各子TMD的控制频带较为集中,中心频率对应人群密度(d=0.75人/m2)的MTMD减振率明显高于其他人群密度;随着频率放大比例增大,中心频率对应人群密度的MTMD减振率降低,但其他人群密度下MTMD减振率有所提升;当频率放大比例增至一定程度时,MTMD系统控制频带不能完全覆盖耦合系统自振频率的变化范围,MTMD系统中部分子TMD失去减振作用,MTMD系统减振效果下降。
图7中MTMD系统在各人群密度下减振率均值和标准差为性能指标,分析不同频率放大间距下MTMD系统的减振性能,表达式如下:
式中,ri为MTMD减震率;μrσr分别为MTMD减振率的均值和标准差;d为考虑人群密度的数量,d=5。
图8为MTMD系统(z=3,5)对于人行桥跨中的减振性能。由图8(a)可知,MTMD减振率均值随其频率放大比例的增大先增大后减小。以z=3为例,MTMD频率放大比例为7%时,MTMD减振率均值达到最大(70.34%);而z=5时MTMD系统中各子TMD控制频带更为分散,对频率放大比例更为敏感,当MTMD频率放大比例为5%时,其减振率均值达到最大(70.58%)。由图8(b)可知,MTMD系统减振率标准差随其频率放大比例的增大先减小后增大。当z=3、频率放大比例为7%时,MTMD系统减振率标准差最小(4.30);当z=5、频率放大比例为5%时,MTMD系统减振率标准差达到最小(4.11)。
根据图3计算结果,对比相同工况下传统TMD与MTMD的减振性能。由表2可知,经优化设计的MTMD系统(z=3,5)相较于与总质量比相同的TMD减振率均值分别提高12.41%和12.65%、减振率标准差分别下降67.51%和68.94%,MTMD系统在减振率和鲁棒性上均优于传统TMD,并且z=5时的MTMD系统减振性能优于z=3。对于MTMD系统,保持中心频率不变,适当调整其余子TMD频率放大比例可显著提高人行桥MTMD系统减振性能。
(1)综合虚拟激励法与Monte Carlo模拟建立的随机人群-人行桥-MTMD系统竖向耦合动力响应求解方法,在考虑行人动力学模型参数随机性的同时避免了大量非线性时程分析,可高效获得耦合动力响应的功率谱和均方根值。
(2)基于随机人群-人行桥-MTMD耦合系统的加速度传递函数H2范数与响应面优化,建立了考虑人-结构竖向相互作用的人行桥MTMD减振设计方法。经验证,人行桥MTMD优化设计方法对应不同密度的随机人群行走均能够有效降低人行桥的加速度响应,减振率均值达到70%以上。
  • 国家自然科学基金面上项目(52378300)
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2025年第38卷第4期
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doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.04.015
  • 接收时间:2023-07-21
  • 首发时间:2026-02-12
  • 出版时间:2025-04-10
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  • 收稿日期:2023-07-21
  • 修回日期:2023-09-25
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目(52378300)
河南省杰出青年科学基金资助项目(242300421014)
作者信息
    1.华北水利水电大学土木与交通学院,河南 郑州 450045
    2.昆明理工大学建筑工程学院,云南 昆明 650000
    3.河南省结构振动控制与健康监测工程技术研究中心,河南 郑州 450045
    4.国机集团科学技术研究院有限公司工程振动控制技术研究中心,北京 100083

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汪志昊(1980—),男,博士,教授。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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