Article(id=1228805179928150930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228805175335383281, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.04.013, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1704816000000, receivedDateStr=2024-01-10, revisedDate=1715097600000, revisedDateStr=2024-05-08, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1770899584991, onlineDateStr=2026-02-12, pubDate=1744214400000, pubDateStr=2025-04-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1770899584991, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-12, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1770899584991, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770899584991, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1228805175335383281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, year='2025', volume='38', issue='4', pageStart='663', pageEnd='888', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1770899583895, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770901458539, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1228813038325789525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228805175335383281, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1228813038329983830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228805175335383281, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=777, endPage=784, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1228805180179809183, articleId=1228805179928150930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, language=EN, title=A semi-active high static-low dynamic stiffness electromagnetic isolator, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Vibration Engineering, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To reduce the starting isolation frequency of the isolator,enhance adaptability to different vibration sources,and achieve superior vibration suppression effects compared to traditional passive isolators,this study proposes a high static-low dynamic stiffness(HSLDS)isolator with asymmetric stiffness structure employing electromagnetic coils nested with permanent magnets. It can adjust the system stiffness according to changes in vibration source frequency,thereby realizing semi-active vibration isolation. The incremental harmonic balance method is employed to obtain the displacement transmissibility characteristics of the system under different excitations and currents. Based on the system model of the isolator,a semi-active control strategy is proposed in this study,which can adjust the system stiffness according to changes in vibration source frequency. An experimental test platform was constructed for experimental research. The results show that the proposed HSLDS isolator can reduce the starting isolation frequency by 19.25%. Introducing the semi-active control strategy can attenuate the maximum acceleration amplitude by 54.7%.

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为了降低隔振器的起始隔振频率,增强对不同振动源的适应性,并获得比传统被动隔振器更出色的振动抑制效果,本文提出了一种采用电磁线圈嵌套永磁体的非对称刚度结构的高静-低动刚度(high static-low dynamic stiffness,HSLDS)隔振器。其能够根据不同振源频率的变化调整系统刚度,实现半主动隔振效果。采用增量谐波平衡法,获得了系统在不同激励、电流下的位移传递率特性。基于隔振器的系统模型,提出了一种半主动控制策略,该策略可以根据振源频率的变化来调节系统的刚度。搭建了试验测试平台,进行试验研究。结果显示,所提出的高静-低动刚度隔振器可以使起始隔振频率降低19.25%。系统通过引入半主动控制策略,可以将最大加速度振幅衰减54.7%。

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张明(1988—),男,博士,副教授。E-mail:
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Structural parameters

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参数单位取值定义
rm、Rmmm5、12磁环内、外径
rc、Rcmm15、30线圈内、外径
LmaLmb、Lcmm8、12、16磁环、线圈的厚度
smm1线圈线径
mkg0.4隔振质量
cN·s·m-13系统阻尼
BrT1.1剩余磁感应强度
μ0H/m4π×10-7真空磁导率
), ArticleFig(id=1229121417208459298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805179928150930, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

结构参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数单位取值定义
rm、Rmmm5、12磁环内、外径
rc、Rcmm15、30线圈内、外径
LmaLmb、Lcmm8、12、16磁环、线圈的厚度
smm1线圈线径
mkg0.4隔振质量
cN·s·m-13系统阻尼
BrT1.1剩余磁感应强度
μ0H/m4π×10-7真空磁导率
), ArticleFig(id=1229121417334288428, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805179928150930, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Comparison with previous studies

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
类型文献[11]文献[13]本文隔振器
布局水平水平垂直
电流范围/A0~20~1.50~8
轴向尺寸/mm13024162
径向尺寸/mm>89.260
线圈匝数7130480
承载质量/kg0.0750.170.4
隔振性能/dB@10Hz15-6.97.5
), ArticleFig(id=1229121417430757425, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805179928150930, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

与以往研究的比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
类型文献[11]文献[13]本文隔振器
布局水平水平垂直
电流范围/A0~20~1.50~8
轴向尺寸/mm13024162
径向尺寸/mm>89.260
线圈匝数7130480
承载质量/kg0.0750.170.4
隔振性能/dB@10Hz15-6.97.5
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一种半主动式高静-低动刚度电磁隔振器研究
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张明 , 李洪涛 , 崔浩东 , 孙凤 , 孙兴伟 , 周冉
振动工程学报 | 2025,38(4): 777-784
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振动工程学报 | 2025, 38(4): 777-784
一种半主动式高静-低动刚度电磁隔振器研究
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张明 , 李洪涛, 崔浩东, 孙凤, 孙兴伟, 周冉
作者信息
  • 沈阳工业大学机械工程学院,辽宁 沈阳 110870

通讯作者:

张明(1988—),男,博士,副教授。E-mail:
A semi-active high static-low dynamic stiffness electromagnetic isolator
Ming ZHANG , Hongtao LI, Haodong CUI, Feng SUN, Xingwei SUN, Ran ZHOU
Affiliations
  • School of Mechanical Engineering,Shenyang University of Technology,Shenyang 110870,China
出版时间: 2025-04-10 doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.04.013
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为了降低隔振器的起始隔振频率,增强对不同振动源的适应性,并获得比传统被动隔振器更出色的振动抑制效果,本文提出了一种采用电磁线圈嵌套永磁体的非对称刚度结构的高静-低动刚度(high static-low dynamic stiffness,HSLDS)隔振器。其能够根据不同振源频率的变化调整系统刚度,实现半主动隔振效果。采用增量谐波平衡法,获得了系统在不同激励、电流下的位移传递率特性。基于隔振器的系统模型,提出了一种半主动控制策略,该策略可以根据振源频率的变化来调节系统的刚度。搭建了试验测试平台,进行试验研究。结果显示,所提出的高静-低动刚度隔振器可以使起始隔振频率降低19.25%。系统通过引入半主动控制策略,可以将最大加速度振幅衰减54.7%。

半主动隔振  /  高静-低动刚度  /  频率  /  电流

To reduce the starting isolation frequency of the isolator,enhance adaptability to different vibration sources,and achieve superior vibration suppression effects compared to traditional passive isolators,this study proposes a high static-low dynamic stiffness(HSLDS)isolator with asymmetric stiffness structure employing electromagnetic coils nested with permanent magnets. It can adjust the system stiffness according to changes in vibration source frequency,thereby realizing semi-active vibration isolation. The incremental harmonic balance method is employed to obtain the displacement transmissibility characteristics of the system under different excitations and currents. Based on the system model of the isolator,a semi-active control strategy is proposed in this study,which can adjust the system stiffness according to changes in vibration source frequency. An experimental test platform was constructed for experimental research. The results show that the proposed HSLDS isolator can reduce the starting isolation frequency by 19.25%. Introducing the semi-active control strategy can attenuate the maximum acceleration amplitude by 54.7%.

semi-active isolation  /  high static-low dynamic stiffness  /  frequency  /  current
张明, 李洪涛, 崔浩东, 孙凤, 孙兴伟, 周冉. 一种半主动式高静-低动刚度电磁隔振器研究. 振动工程学报, 2025 , 38 (4) : 777 -784 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.04.013
Ming ZHANG, Hongtao LI, Haodong CUI, Feng SUN, Xingwei SUN, Ran ZHOU. A semi-active high static-low dynamic stiffness electromagnetic isolator[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering, 2025 , 38 (4) : 777 -784 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.04.013
隔振是一种用来减轻振动不利影响的有效方法。在工程实际应用中,通常采用线性隔振器来抑制振动[1]。然而,在火箭飞行过程中,低频振动是主要的威胁因素,严重影响火箭内部精密仪器、设备的稳定运行和使用寿命,若想要有效抑制低频振动,线性隔振器在不改变承载能力的情况下,需要通过降低自身刚度来降低固有频率,但同时会导致静态变形加剧,从而无法有效地进行隔振。因此,国内外的学者们提出了HSLDS隔振理论,以解决承载能力与固有频率之间的矛盾,对低频振动进行有效地抑制。
隔振分为被动隔振、主动隔振、半主动隔振三种方式,HSLDS隔振器同样以此分类[2]。具有HSLDS特性的被动隔振器因其具有较低的设计成本而最为常见。其中典型的被动隔振器有CARRELLA等提出的三弹簧结构[3-4],两个倾斜的弹簧提供负刚度与正刚度的竖直弹簧并联,正负刚度抵消,从而实现HSLDS特性,除此之外还有采用复杂机械结构提供负刚度的设计,如凸轮-滚轮机构、曲面-弹簧-滚子、欧拉梁等[5-7]。上述被动隔振方法虽然能够很好地实现HSLDS特性,但存在布局较大、结构复杂等缺点,不适用于空间有限的工作环境。而使用永磁材料可以获得更紧凑的体积,且结构相对简单。WU等[8]、ZHOU等[9]、李爽等[10]利用永磁体的吸引或排斥来产生负刚度。然而,以上提及的HSLDS隔振器都具有一个限制,即一旦确定结构参数,起始隔振频率无法改变,使其无法适应不同频率的振源。
主动隔振器可以通过反馈系统实现卓越的性能,但由于高成本而受到限制。半主动隔振器结合了两者的优点,具备实时适应性调整的能力,并且成本较低。LEDEZMA等[11-12]、ZHOU等[13-14]采用通电电磁线圈来生成负刚度,可以通过调整电流大小和方向来在线调整系统的刚度特性,从而增强了对振源的适应能力。然而,上述两种结构使用了尼龙丝和钢梁来提供正刚度,这导致了轴向平面结构不够紧凑,并且它们都为水平安装,这在具体应用中可能存在限制。
所以本文基于永磁体和电磁线圈,设计了一款可实时调节系统刚度的HSLDS隔振器,隔振器具有被动隔振和半主动隔振两种工作模式,这取决于电磁线圈是否通电。通过调整线圈中的电流可获得更低的起始隔振频率,从而适应振源。提出一种半主动控制策略,使其隔振性能进一步提升。该隔振器采用了永磁体嵌入线圈的设计结构,体积更加紧凑,并且可以垂直安装,提高了安装的灵活性。
提出一种具有HSLDS特性的非线性隔振器,如图1所示。它由三个同轴排列的环形永磁体和两个电磁线圈组成。三个永磁体轴向磁化,且相邻永磁体磁极相对。两端的电磁线圈与相应的永磁体同中心、同轴布置,并且线圈电流方向始终相同。两端的永磁体和线圈通过框架连接在特定位置,框架则刚性地连接在基座上。中间的永磁体与滑动轴固连,用于承载隔振质量。
永磁体嵌套在线圈中,减小了整体结构的尺寸。底部永磁体的厚度要更大一些,在平衡位置产生一个向上的磁力差,用于提供承载力。但这同时也会引起平衡位置两侧刚度不对称。
本文隔振器结构为轴向单自由度隔振结构。电磁线圈对称布置,因此,轴向电磁力会对中间环形永磁体产生影响。当电磁线圈中未通电或中间环形永磁体处于平衡位置时,施加在中间环形永磁体上的力为零。在这种情况下,系统的刚度由永磁体之间的轴向斥力所决定,这是一种非线性刚度。然而,当线圈载流并且环形永磁体运动偏离平衡位置时,线圈和中间环形永磁体间将会产生轴向电磁吸引力或排斥力,具体的方向取决于电流的极性。这些轴向力会与永磁体之间的轴向斥力相互叠加或抵消,从而增加或减小系统的等效刚度,如图2所示。
本文隔振器的尺寸参数以及符号含义如表1所示。基于分子电流法,假设永磁环由两组大小相等、方向相反的等效表面电流构成[15-17],线圈等效为多层极性相同的表面电流叠加[18]图3(a)和(b)分别展示一对磁环-磁环和线圈-磁环的分子电流模型,图中数字表示永磁体的电流表面。图中,rmRm分别为线圈-磁环模型中磁环的内、外径,Lm1Lm2分别为磁环1和2的厚度,rm1Rm2分别为磁环1的内、外径,rm3Rm4分别为磁环2的内、外径。根据图3(c)所示的等效电流面上的任意电流环间作用力示意图,可以推导出磁环-磁环中2面和3面间的轴向作用力为:
式中,i1、i2分别为面2、3的等效电流;h1、h2分别为面2、3上分子电流环的轴向位置;P、Q分别为在面2、3电流环上任意取的电流微元;θP、θQ分别为PQ点在Oxy坐标平面上相对于x的夹角;Lmg为两磁环间的气隙;r为点P和Q的标量距离。
同理,可推导出磁环-磁环中余下各电流面间的轴向磁力Fm13Fm14Fm24。因此,磁环-磁环间总轴向磁力为Fm1=Fm13+Fm14+Fm23+Fm24
本文隔振器可看作两对磁环-磁环轴向作用力的和,所以另一对磁环-磁环的轴向磁力为Fm2,系统中磁环产生的总轴向磁力为Fm=Fm1+Fm2
与磁环间轴向作用力推导步骤相同,可以得到线圈与磁环面1之间的轴向电磁力为:
式中,i3为线圈的等效电流;h为磁环面1上分子电流环轴向位置;ev分别为线圈上分子电流环的轴向和径向位置;Lcg为磁环与线圈间的气隙:LcLm分别为线圈和磁环的厚度;rcRc分别为线圈的内、外径;rcm为线圈上分子电流环与磁环上分子电流环的标量距离。
同理,可求得线圈与磁环面2之间的轴向电磁力Fc2,因此系统中单个线圈与磁环间的轴向电磁力为Fc12=Fc1+Fc2
因此,可得另一线圈对磁环的轴向电磁力Fc21。所以,系统中线圈对磁环的总轴向电磁力为Fc=Fc12+Fc21
系统的总轴向磁力Fz为:
隔振器静力学模型详细推导过程、结构尺寸对其特性的影响规律和优化过程参考文献[19]。
为了更方便地求解刚度和动力学方程,常用的方法是使用三次多项式来表示电磁力。本文后续需要对电流进行控制。因此,用最小二乘法拟合出带有电流项的三次电磁力近似表达式,可表达为:
式中,z为位移项;I为电流项;p0、p1、p2、p3、p4、p5、p6为拟合得到的多项式系数。
值得注意的是,在以前的研究中,所提出的结构多为刚度对称结构,二次项系数(p3+p4I)相较于三次项系数的10-2量级要小得多,量级为10-11。因此在计算时会被省略。然而,在本研究中,隔振器两侧刚度不对称,导致二次项系数的量级与三次项系数量级相同,均为10-2,若要省略二次项系数,必然导致求解结果存在误差,因此,本文在求解过程中考虑二次项的影响。将理论解与拟合电磁力近似表达式的解进行比较,如图4所示,近似表达式结果与理论结果吻合较好,平均误差小于10%,可以基本满足隔振系统的工程实际需求。
假设隔振系统承受额定隔振质量m时,隔振器的静平衡位置为零刚度点。此时,隔振器可以看作单自由度系统,在平衡位置的静力学方程为:
当系统在零刚度点时,p0mg的数值等大反向,所以在外部位移激励zb=Zbcos(ωbt)(Zb为基座激励幅值,ωb为基座激励频率)作用下,隔振系统在基座处的动力学方程为:
式中,c为系统阻尼;zb为基座的位移。
为了更好地进行对比,这里引入一个线性弹簧刚度ks,线性弹簧的固有频率为ωn=ks/m1/2。运动方程可以无量纲化为:
式中,τ为无量纲时间;为无量纲相对位移;ξ为等效阻尼比;β为无量纲激励频率;ηαγ分别为无量纲一次、二次、三次刚度系数。表达式分别如下:
在使用谐波平衡法求解时,一般只考虑解的基波。因此,无法考虑二次非线性项,若想要正确反映各刚度系数的影响,需要取更多的谐波项来进行求解,求解比较困难。所以本文采用增量谐波平衡法求解,考虑了二次和三次非线性项的影响[20-21]
β0是方程(7)的解,则其临近点可表示为β=β0β,其中、Δβ为增量。令βτ=ϕ,将、β代入方程(7),并略去高阶小量后得到增量方程:
设式(8)的解为:
将式(9)和(10)代入式(8)中,这里取项数N=5,求得a0~an、b0~bn的值,此时的值与相等。
由3.1节可得,无量纲相对位移幅值可表示为:
其中:
基座无量纲位移为,所以隔振质量的无量纲位移的和,表示如下:
所以位移传递率T定义为隔振质量响应对基座激励的均方根比:
由于HSLDS系统中存在二次和三次非线性项,该系统为非线性系统。为了说明这一点,进行了两组数值模拟,分别采用不同的激励振幅Zb(即0.5和1 mm)。表1列出了进行模拟所需的初始参数。在图5(a)中,当Zb=0.5 mm时,系统固有频率与位移传递率峰值均随着电流的增大而减小。当Zb=1 mm时,观察到曲线表现出渐硬弹簧特性,向右弯曲,如图5(b)所示。这是因为更大的激励振幅导致了更大的非线性项αγ
图6为试验装置的示意图。在试验中,隔振器被连接到VT6300-40型振动平台上。振动台的外部激励信号由VCS型振动控制器和SA3K型功率放大器控制。为了测量加速度信号,在振动平台和隔振质量上分别安置了型号为1A213E和1A113E的加速度传感器。加速度信号使用DH5922N采集器和DHDAS软件进行采集和处理。
在进行非线性隔振器的位移传递率测量时,需要对线圈分别加载不同电流信号,并对系统进行线性扫频试验。在本试验中,隔振质量为0.4 kg,而基座的激励幅值Zb=0.5 mm,采用正弦激励进行扫频。需要注意的是,在闭合线圈中移动的磁环会产生涡流阻尼。然而,在本文中,由于动磁环的运动在线圈的外部,所产生的涡流阻力与主动控制的电磁力不在同一数量级上。因此,在系统的建模与计算中,本文将忽略涡流阻尼的影响,将其视作常数。
隔振器位移传递率试验测量结果如图7所示,彩色曲线为试验测量,黑色点划线为模拟预测。当正向电流增加时,所提出的隔振器能够明显改善隔振性能,系统固有频率从10.62 Hz降低到8.64 Hz,并且相应过零点的起始隔振频率从14.86 Hz降低到12 Hz,传递率峰值从18.57 dB降到16.81 dB,振动衰减性能优于未载流时的被动系统。结果还表明,改变电流方向可以提高系统的固有频率和起始隔振频率。
为了更直观地体现隔振性能,分别进行了13.5、15、20和25 Hz的定频试验,橘色、蓝色、绿色和粉色分别表示基座、0 A、4 A和8 A测得的加速度信号。由图8(a)可以看到,在13.5 Hz频率下,未通入电流时,隔振质量的加速度信号大于基座加速度信号,此时无隔振效果,而通入4 A和8 A电流时,隔振质量加速度小于基座加速度,系统实现隔振。通入8 A电流时的加速度幅值相对于基座加速度幅值衰减20.34%。而在15 Hz(图8(b))、20 Hz(图8(c))、25 Hz(图8(d))频率下,都能达到衰减振动的效果,衰减率分别为50.81%、80.38%和90.29%,且随着频率的升高,隔振效果变得稳定。
图7表明,当系统通入正向8 A电流时,系统固有频率降到最低,此时系统刚度最小,而通入-8 A电流时,固有频率最高,系统刚度最大。当基座频率小于两条位移传递率曲线交点频率时,可以观察到,系统通入-8 A电流时的位移传递率幅值小于通入8 A电流时的位移传递率幅值。当基座频率大于交点频率时,结果则相反。这说明,在基座频率小于交点频率时,应当通过增大系统的刚度来抑制振动幅值,而当大于交点频率时,应减小系统的刚度。此外,从图8(d)中可以看出,当基座频率达到25 Hz时,随着电流的变化,隔振性能的差异并不明显。基于上述结论,设计一种半主动控制策略,以在不同频率的振源下实现最佳的振幅衰减。
图7所示,通入8 A和-8 A电流时的两条位移传递率曲线交点所对应的频率为f=9.65 Hz。所以当基座频率低于f时,电流将设置为-8 A;当激励频率大于f时,电流设置为8 A;当基座频率大于fg=25 Hz时,因为隔振性能差别不大,出于节能考虑,电流被设置为0。控制策略的详细过程如图9所示。具体实施如图6所示,通过加速度传感器1A213E采集基座的正弦曲线数据,经过DSP对信号进行低通滤波处理。随后,对信号进行频率的计算。根据计算的频率向Escon驱动器发送相应的控制电压信号。驱动器将根据接收的电压信号调整电磁线圈的控制电流。
通过扫频试验,验证所提出半主动控制策略的有效性,如图10(a)所示,在0~25 Hz频段中(频率与时间的对应关系如图10(b)所示),半主动隔振系统(蓝色曲线)抑制振幅的效果优于被动隔振系统(红色曲线),因为它能够将最大加速度的振幅衰减54.7%。在这个频段内,半主动系统能够更好地抑制振动,实现更低的加速度响应。当超过25 Hz时,由于控制策略不再进行控制,半主动系统的加速度幅值与被动系统相同。
图10(a)所示,在电流切换过程中,瞬态效应是不可避免的,这一短暂过程会使系统变为被动系统,从而使隔振质量加速度幅值向着被动模式的幅值变化,然而,本文所述装置在被动模式也具有高静-低动刚度特性,系统并没有出现失控或不稳定的情况。此外,隔振质量的加速度幅值突变依赖于等效刚度,并且最低等效刚度(I=8A时)仍然大于准零刚度,因此这种突变是可以接受的。图10(b)展示了控制器计算的频率结果,随着频率的提高,计算结果会出现小范围的波动。在实际工程中,振动通常不会呈现出连续的扫频特性,而是具有一定的频率范围。因此,在频率计算时,如果振动频率未达到预先设置的触发点,电流通常不会发生变化,如图10(c)所示。在这种情况下,频率计算出现的小范围误差是可以被接受的,因为它不会触发控制系统的动作。这种方法可以在一定程度上简化控制策略,并减少系统的计算和处理负载,同时保证控制系统的稳定性和可靠性。
表2中数据为本文隔振器的研究结果与之前同类型隔振器的研究结果进行的比较。本文所提出的隔振器结构更为紧凑,例如更小的体积和更少的线圈匝数,线圈匝数较小的原因是铜线具有较大的线径,因此允许线圈通入更大的电流。同时可以承载更大的隔振质量,更容易满足工程要求。
本文基于电磁线圈嵌套永磁体的结构,提出了一种半主动式高静-低动刚度电磁隔振器,并设计了基于频率测量的半主动控制策略。该结构包含被动和半主动隔振两种工作模式。通过调节线圈中的电流,可以实现系统刚度的可调,从而达到抑制振动的目的。
试验表明,此系统能够将固有频率从10.62 Hz降低到8.64 Hz,相应过零点的起始隔振频率从14.86 Hz降低到12 Hz。传递率峰值从18.57 dB降至16.81 dB。引入控制策略后,最大加速度幅值可以衰减54.7%。与传统的被动隔振器相比,该系统增加了对不同振动源的适应性,实现了更出色的振动抑制效果。
但是在研究过程中也发现了一些不足之处。例如,在电流切换过程中,尽管加速度幅值突变没有导致系统失控,但仍然会影响变化过程中的隔振器振动抑制效果。因此,在后续的研究中,需要进一步改善控制策略,尽量减少变化持续的时间。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52005344)
  • 辽宁省科技厅面上项目(2024-MSLH-372)
  • 国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFB3410002)
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2025年第38卷第4期
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doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.04.013
  • 接收时间:2024-01-10
  • 首发时间:2026-02-12
  • 出版时间:2025-04-10
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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-10
  • 修回日期:2024-05-08
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52005344)
辽宁省科技厅面上项目(2024-MSLH-372)
国家重点研发计划项目(2024YFB3410002)
作者信息
    沈阳工业大学机械工程学院,辽宁 沈阳 110870

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张明(1988—),男,博士,副教授。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
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genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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