Article(id=1228805177549975806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228805175335383281, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.04.008, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1695139200000, receivedDateStr=2023-09-20, revisedDate=1699545600000, revisedDateStr=2023-11-10, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1770899584423, onlineDateStr=2026-02-12, pubDate=1744214400000, pubDateStr=2025-04-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1770899584423, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-12, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1770899584423, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770899584423, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1228805175335383281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, year='2025', volume='38', issue='4', pageStart='663', pageEnd='888', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1770899583895, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770901458539, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1228813038325789525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228805175335383281, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1228813038329983830, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228805175335383281, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=731, endPage=738, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1228805177789051136, articleId=1228805177549975806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, language=EN, title=Spectral geometry-incremental harmonic balance solutions for nonlinear vibrations of FGP beams, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Vibration Engineering, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

A spectral geometry-incremental harmonic balance method(SGM-IHBM)is proposed to study the nonlinear vibration characteristics of functionally graded porous(FGP)beams with geometric nonlinearities. The geometrically nonlinear strain-displacement relationship of the beam structure is obtained according to the Von-Karman theory,and the Lagrange energy function of the FGP beam is derived based on the Timoshenko theory. The spectral geometric series are used to characterize each displacement component of the beam structure,and the linear modal components are introduced to establish the nonlinear reduced-order equations of the FGP beams,and then the incremental harmonic balance(IHB)method is used to trace the dynamical response solution of the reduced-order model of the FGP beams. The correctness of the nonlinear model in this paper is verified by comparing the SGM-IHBM solution with the literature solution,and then the effects of porosity,thickness,and excitation amplitude on the nonlinear vibration characteristics of FGP beams are analyzed.

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针对含几何非线性因素的功能梯度多孔(FGP)梁动力学问题,提出一种谱几何-增量谐波平衡法(SGM-IHBM)研究其非线性振动特性。根据von Karman理论获得梁结构的几何非线性应变-位移关系,基于Timoshenko理论推导FGP梁的拉格朗日能量泛函。使用谱几何级数表征梁结构的各位移分量,并引入线性模态分量建立FGP梁的非线性降阶方程,进而采用增量谐波平衡(IHB)法追踪FGP梁降阶模型的动力学响应解。通过SGM-IHBM解与文献解的对比验证了本文非线性模型的正确性,进而分析了孔隙率、厚度、激励幅值等对FGP梁非线性振动特性的影响。

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王青山(1989—),男,博士,副教授。E-mail:
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钟锐(1993—),男,博士研究生。E-mail:

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language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=Variation of frequency and nonlinear amplitudefrequency responses of FGP beams with e0, figureFileSmall=pgPE0JpMJp43AGCW572mrg==, figureFileBig=n+2IlPrpTsOBh+Q6JTePdQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1229121421394374925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805177549975806, language=CN, label=图8, caption=FGP梁的频率特性和非线性幅频响应随e0的变化, figureFileSmall=pgPE0JpMJp43AGCW572mrg==, figureFileBig=n+2IlPrpTsOBh+Q6JTePdQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1229121421495038229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805177549975806, language=EN, label=Fig. 9, caption=Variation of nonlinear responses with the excitation amplitude F, figureFileSmall=Ovfz/MJT4C+jfx96+HFKtA==, figureFileBig=s/9hPYl6PapHvEryElueOQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1229121421599895832, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805177549975806, language=CN, label=图9, caption=非线性响应随激励幅值F的变化, figureFileSmall=Ovfz/MJT4C+jfx96+HFKtA==, figureFileBig=s/9hPYl6PapHvEryElueOQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1229121421692170525, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805177549975806, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Comparison of dimensionless frequencies of FGP beams with different boundaries

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边界L/h文献[14]ANSYS[14]本文方法
SS100.27980.27780.2803
500.05710.05710.0571
CC100.59440.61010.5994
500.12910.12890.1292
CS100.42420.42270.4263
500.08910.08910.0891
CF100.10080.10070.1009
500.02040.02040.0204
), ArticleFig(id=1229121421776056607, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805177549975806, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同边界下FGP梁的无量纲频率比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
边界L/h文献[14]ANSYS[14]本文方法
SS100.27980.27780.2803
500.05710.05710.0571
CC100.59440.61010.5994
500.12910.12890.1292
CS100.42420.42270.4263
500.08910.08910.0891
CF100.10080.10070.1009
500.02040.02040.0204
), ArticleFig(id=1229121421872525604, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805177549975806, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Nonlinear frequency ratio ωnl/ω1 for isotropic beams with different boundaries

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
wmax/RSS边界CC边界CS边界
文献[17]文献[18]文献[19]本文方法文献[17]文献[18]文献[19]本文方法文献[17]文献[18]文献[19]本文方法
11.11921.11801.11801.11811.03031.02831.02951.02951.05921.05821.06411.0611
21.41801.41351.41411.41431.11521.11051.11271.11281.21791.21501.23181.2227
31.80921.80271.80261.80291.24191.23361.23771.23781.44021.43681.46031.4460
42.24512.23612.23592.23631.39831.38561.3921.39211.69581.68221.7211.7034
52.69252.69232.69281.55741.56591.56601.91801.9991.9802
), ArticleFig(id=1229121421981577514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228805177549975806, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同边界下各向同性梁非线性频率比ωnl/ω1

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
wmax/RSS边界CC边界CS边界
文献[17]文献[18]文献[19]本文方法文献[17]文献[18]文献[19]本文方法文献[17]文献[18]文献[19]本文方法
11.11921.11801.11801.11811.03031.02831.02951.02951.05921.05821.06411.0611
21.41801.41351.41411.41431.11521.11051.11271.11281.21791.21501.23181.2227
31.80921.80271.80261.80291.24191.23361.23771.23781.44021.43681.46031.4460
42.24512.23612.23592.23631.39831.38561.3921.39211.69581.68221.7211.7034
52.69252.69232.69281.55741.56591.56601.91801.9991.9802
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FGP梁非线性振动的谱几何-增量谐波平衡解法
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钟锐 1, 2 , 王瑞华 1, 2 , 王青山 1, 2
振动工程学报 | 2025,38(4): 731-738
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振动工程学报 | 2025, 38(4): 731-738
FGP梁非线性振动的谱几何-增量谐波平衡解法
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钟锐1, 2 , 王瑞华1, 2, 王青山1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.中南大学机电工程学院,湖南 长沙 410083
  • 2.中南大学极端服役性能精准制造全国重点实验室,湖南 长沙 410083
  • 钟锐(1993—),男,博士研究生。E-mail:

通讯作者:

王青山(1989—),男,博士,副教授。E-mail:
Spectral geometry-incremental harmonic balance solutions for nonlinear vibrations of FGP beams
Rui ZHONG1, 2 , Ruihua WANG1, 2, Qingshan WANG1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China
  • 2.State Key Laboratory of Precision Manufacturing for Extreme Service Performance,Central South University,Changsha 410083,China
出版时间: 2025-04-10 doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.04.008
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针对含几何非线性因素的功能梯度多孔(FGP)梁动力学问题,提出一种谱几何-增量谐波平衡法(SGM-IHBM)研究其非线性振动特性。根据von Karman理论获得梁结构的几何非线性应变-位移关系,基于Timoshenko理论推导FGP梁的拉格朗日能量泛函。使用谱几何级数表征梁结构的各位移分量,并引入线性模态分量建立FGP梁的非线性降阶方程,进而采用增量谐波平衡(IHB)法追踪FGP梁降阶模型的动力学响应解。通过SGM-IHBM解与文献解的对比验证了本文非线性模型的正确性,进而分析了孔隙率、厚度、激励幅值等对FGP梁非线性振动特性的影响。

非线性振动  /  FGP梁  /  谱几何  /  增量谐波平衡法

A spectral geometry-incremental harmonic balance method(SGM-IHBM)is proposed to study the nonlinear vibration characteristics of functionally graded porous(FGP)beams with geometric nonlinearities. The geometrically nonlinear strain-displacement relationship of the beam structure is obtained according to the Von-Karman theory,and the Lagrange energy function of the FGP beam is derived based on the Timoshenko theory. The spectral geometric series are used to characterize each displacement component of the beam structure,and the linear modal components are introduced to establish the nonlinear reduced-order equations of the FGP beams,and then the incremental harmonic balance(IHB)method is used to trace the dynamical response solution of the reduced-order model of the FGP beams. The correctness of the nonlinear model in this paper is verified by comparing the SGM-IHBM solution with the literature solution,and then the effects of porosity,thickness,and excitation amplitude on the nonlinear vibration characteristics of FGP beams are analyzed.

nonlinear vibration  /  FGP beam  /  spectral geometry  /  incremental harmonic balance method
钟锐, 王瑞华, 王青山. FGP梁非线性振动的谱几何-增量谐波平衡解法. 振动工程学报, 2025 , 38 (4) : 731 -738 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.04.008
Rui ZHONG, Ruihua WANG, Qingshan WANG. Spectral geometry-incremental harmonic balance solutions for nonlinear vibrations of FGP beams[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering, 2025 , 38 (4) : 731 -738 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.04.008
功能梯度多孔(FGP)材料以其独特的优势在航空航天、船舶交通、医疗器械等领域获得了广泛应用。与常规均质材料相比,FGP材料具有重量轻、强度高、抗冲击、可设计性好等优点,这使得FGP材料成为梁类工程结构的理想材料之一。在实际服役过程中,梁结构通常承受复杂动态载荷作用,而产生大幅非线性振动,使其服役可靠性降低。因此,从物理本质上研究FGP梁的非线性动力学特性,对此类结构的动力学环境适应性设计、评估等具有重要的参考价值。
近年来,随着理论研究的深入和设计标准的提高,FGP梁的非线性振动研究成为学者们关注的焦点之一。基于Timoshenko梁理论和微分变换法,滕兆春等[1]推导了功能梯度多孔梁的非线性微分方程,并探讨了孔隙分布类型、梯度等对结构非线性频率的影响。蒲刚等[2]采用修正偶应力理论和假设模态法建立了夹层楔形功能梯度多孔梁的动力学模型,并研究了该类结构的非线性频率及时域响应特性。考虑气热效应与几何非线性因素,周凯等[3]采用Newmark法结合牛顿迭代算法研究了多孔功能梯度梁的非线性气弹性动力学问题。CHEN等[4]研究了功能梯度石墨烯增强多孔纳米复合梁的非线性频率特性及后屈曲行为。考虑孔隙分布和外部几何缺陷,ZHANG等[5]讨论了热环境中双向功能梯度梁的非线性振动和屈曲问题。
谱几何法是近十几年来发展的结构动力学建模方法,其在结构线性振动问题的应用研究已较为充分。鲍四元等[6]采用谱几何法研究了弹性边界条件下连续多段梁的自由振动问题。李海虹等[7]综合考虑了梁的横向、纵向和扭转振动,采用谱几何法分析了任意约束边界下梁的振动特性。增量谐波平衡方法结合了增量迭代法与谐波平衡法的特点,具有算法收敛精度控制灵活的优点,是目前求解强/弱非线性问题较为常用的方法之一[8-9]。赵倩等[10]通过与Newmark-β方法的比较,验证了IHB方法在求解Bouc-Wen滞回力-悬臂梁系统非线性动力学响应时具有精度和效率优势。黄建亮等[11]应用IHB方法和Floquet理论,对两端固定的梁结构在不同屈曲程度下的非线性振动响应进行了稳定性和分岔分析。
研究发现,目前关于FGP梁非线性振动问题的研究主要聚焦于非线性自由振动及时域响应,关于非线性幅频响应特性的研究鲜有报道。此外,谱几何法在梁、板、壳等结构线性动力学问题的研究已较为丰富,但关于非线性动力学问题的研究尚未见报道,作者此前通过对板壳耦合系统[12-13]线性动力学问题的研究发现,谱几何法具有收敛性好、便于参数化分析等优点,具备向非线性问题拓展的数值潜力。因此,本文结合谱几何法与增量谐波平衡法的各自特点,以FGP梁为研究对象,提出谱几何-增量谐波平衡解法,建立FGP梁结构非线性动力学模型,并以文献解为依据验证SGM-IHBM模型的正确性,进而探讨厚度、孔隙参数等对FGP梁非线性振动特性的影响。
图1所示,FGP梁两端分别受两个线性边界弹簧(kukw)和一个旋转边界弹簧(kφ)约束,用以模拟不同的边界条件。梁的几何特征可以通过其在xyz方向上的长L、宽b和厚度h描述。符号uw分别表示中面上任意一点在xz方向上的位移分量,符号φ则表示转角分量。
本文采用对称分布的FGP材料模型,其材料性能沿厚度方向呈现连续的余弦梯度变化。如图2所示,弹性模量、剪切模量和密度的最大值(EmaxGmaxρmax)出现在FGP梁的顶面和底面,而最小值(EminGminρmin)出现在中面。根据参考文献[14],该材料模型表达式为:
式中,孔隙参数e0和质量密度系数em的表达式及两者间的关系式如下[14]
基于Timoshenko梁理论,FGP梁中任意一点的位移分量UW可以表示为:
根据von Karman理论,FGP梁的法向应变εx和剪切应变γxz可以表示为:
FGP梁的正应力σx和剪应力τxz方程如下:
式中,κs=5/6表示剪切修正系数;弹性常数Q11z)和Q66(z)为厚度坐标z的函数,其表达式如下:
式中,μz)为材料的泊松比。
FGP梁的动能Tt表达式为:
根据已建立的应力-应变关系,可以确定FGP梁的应变能Us表达式:
如前所述,FGP梁的边界条件通过设置合适的边界弹簧刚度获得,此时梁的边界势能考虑为:
此外,施加于FGP梁上的外部载荷fx、fwfφ所做的功Wf为:
根据式(7)~(10),FGP梁在外部荷载作用下的整体能量泛函ϒ可以表示为:
基于谱几何法,FGP梁的位移函数可以表示为:
式中,为未知级数展开系数,其中m为正整数,而谱几何级数ψmx)的具体表达式为:
将位移函数代入整体能量泛函,并考虑结构阻尼的影响[15]。通过拉格朗日方程的变分运算可得FGP梁的非线性动力学方程:
式中,MCdKKNL分别表示结构的质量矩阵、阻尼矩阵、线性刚度矩阵和非线性刚度矩阵;qF分别表示广义位移系数向量和外力向量,Ω为激励频率。
式(14)自由度数较高,不利于梁的非线性动力学特性求解与参数化研究,因而需通过模型降阶提升计算效率。具体而言,通过忽略式(14)中非线性项、阻尼项和外力项,可得线性自由振动方程:
通过求解式(15)的特征值/特征向量,位移向量q可由模态矩阵Φ和模态坐标p以如下形式表示:
式中,下标“N”表示模态分量数目;p=[p1 …  pn…  pN]T,其中pn表示第n个模态坐标。
将式(16)代入式(14),等式两边同时左乘,整理可得:
其中:
式中,IEN维单位矩阵;ωjj=1,…,N)表示第j阶圆频率,ξj表示第j个模态分量对应的阻尼比,结构阻尼可参考文献[15]。式(17)中包含平方及立方非线性项,本文采用IHB方法求解该简谐激励下非线性动力学方程。
引入时间变量τ=Ωt,则式(17)可表述为:
假设在某个时刻,方程(19)的近似解为(pτ0Ω0),其近似解的邻近状态(pτΩ)可表示为:
将上式代入式(19),忽略高阶微量,可得线性化的增量方程:
式中,R为误差向量,当(pτ0Ω0)为式(19)的精确解时,R=0,其表达式为:
以傅里叶谐波函数为基函数,近似表征pτ0和Δpτ,则pτ0,n和Δpτ,n可表示为:
式中,分别为余、正弦谐波系数;nc为余弦谐波数;CnAn和ΔAn分别表示由谐波项、谐波系数和增量系数()组成的向量:
于是,pτ0和Δpτ可以表示为:
其中:
将式(25)代入增量方程,并利用Galerkin过程可得:
将式(27)积分并整理为以∆A和∆Ω为未知量的代数方程组:
其中:
其中:
采用IHB法求解时,需预先给定初始猜想解,这里线性振动响应解作为IHB法的初始解,然后结合振幅增量、频率增量或弧长增量等求解即可得到FGP梁非线性振动响应。
本节通过数值算例验证FGP梁模型的有效性,并探讨孔隙系数、厚度等对梁振动特性的影响。如无特别说明,本文中FGP材料模型参数为Emax=200 GPa,ρmax=7850 kg/m3μ=1/3;梁的几何参数定义为:L=0.76 m,h=0.01 m,b=0.03 m;对于非线性响应问题,假设简谐激励载荷作用于FGP梁长度的1/3处,激励载荷幅值设为F=2 N;阻尼比ξj=2.5×10-4nc=5;数值计算中的边界条件(如:固支-C、简支-S、自由-F等)可通过设置合理的弹簧刚度大小(如0,1014 N/m等)获得。
由前述动力学建模可知,FGP梁模型的数值精度取决于谱几何级数截断数、模态分量等。关于截断数的选取参见文献[16]。图3给出了简支边界下1阶线性共振频率附近FGP梁幅频响应曲线随模态分量数N的收敛性变化结果,N=2,4,6,8分别表示基于前2、4、6、8阶模态分量的降阶模型计算结果。图中结果表明,当N≥4时,采用不同模态分量计算所得的幅频响应结果高度吻合。因此,在后续分析中模态分量数选取为4。
表1给出了不同边界及长厚比下FGP梁无量纲基频对比,孔隙参数e0=0.5。表中结果表明,本文方法的数值解与文献[14]参考解吻合良好,这表明本文方法在预测FGP梁结构线性固有频率的有效性。此外,由于FGP梁非线性振动问题的文献数据缺失,表2中给出了采用不同边界约束下各向同性材料梁的文献结果,以其为参考验证本文非线性模型的正确性。梁的几何尺寸、材料属性及参数R的取值参见文献[17-18]。表中ωnl为非线性圆频率,相关求解方法参考文献[17]。wmax为梁的横向最大变形:(1)对于SS和CC边界,wmax =wx=0.5L);(2)对于CS边界,wmax=wx=0.57L)。表中结果表明,基于本文模型的非线性频率预测结果均与文献解吻合良好。
图4给出了简谐激励下各向同性梁非线性幅频响应的比较曲线。其中文献[20]参考解通过微分求积有限元法结合IHB法计算获得。本算例中涉及的边界条件为简-固支(SC)边界,模型的材料及几何参数为:E=206.85 GPa,ρ=1531.8 kg/m3μ=0.3,L=0.762 m,h=0.00762 m,b=0.0254 m。根据SGM-IHBM建模过程,将求解得到的傅里叶系数依次代入方程(25)和(12)中,提取谐波项cost和cos(3t)的幅值系数即可得到图4的解分支曲线。可以看出,SC边界条件下,1阶线性共振频率附近存在3个幅频响应解分支(即),且由本文方法计算得到的各解分支曲线与文献解高度吻合。
图5图4中蓝色解分支上激励频率为1.185ω1处稳定的单周期时域响应与相图,这里数值方法为Runge-Kutta法。从时域响应与相图比较结果可以看出,两种方法计算所得结果高度一致。综合图3~5的对比结果,表明了SGM-IHB方法对于求解FGP梁非线性振动问题的适用性。
在验证了模型有效性的基础上,本节将探讨孔隙参数、厚度、激励幅值等对FGP梁非线性振动特性的影响。图6给出了FGP梁非线性频率、振动模态随孔隙参数的变化。从图6(a)中可以看出,CC边界下非线性频率随着孔隙参数增加呈现先减小后增加的变化。事实上,由式(1)和(2)可知,FGP结构的杨氏模量和质量密度会随着孔隙参数e0的增加而减小,这致使结构刚度和质量的减小,进而导致FGP梁非线性频率的变化。在较低的参数变化范围(如图中wmax/R=4且e0∈[0,0.7]),e0的增大对结构刚度的削减大于对结构质量的影响,致使结构刚度-质量比下降,FGP梁非线性频率将逐渐减小;随着孔隙参数增大(如wmax/R=4且e0∈[0.7,1)),其对结构质量的削减作用更显著,致使结构刚度-质量比增加,FGP梁的非线性频率增大。此外,由图6(a)可以发现,随着wmax/R的增加,FGP梁的非线性频率逐渐增大,其非线性特性逐步加强。从图6(b)中可以看出,当wmax/R相同,不同孔隙参数下FGP梁的振动模态基本一致,这表明孔隙参数变化对其非线性振动模态无明显影响。
图7所示为不同厚度参数下,FGP梁(e0=0.2)的幅频响应随激励频率的变化曲线。厚度参数分别设为h=0.009、0.010、0.011和0.012 m,图中不同颜色虚线表示对应参数下的线性共振频率。可以看出,当考虑结构的几何非线性因素时,FGP结构的幅频响应呈现出硬特性,图389的幅频响应曲线也反映出了同样的特性;另外,还可以发现,当厚度h增加,由于FGP梁整体刚度随之增大,致使结构的固有频率增加,其对应的共振点及非线性共振区域均向高频移动。
图8显示了孔隙参数e0对FGP梁非线性幅频响应的影响。与图6(a)的变化规律相似,简支边界下孔隙参数通过改变结构的刚度及质量,致使结构共振频率发生改变,进而导致不同孔隙参数下FGP梁的共振位置及非线性共振区域呈现差异性变化。在图8(b)显示孔隙参数(e0=0.3、0.6、0.8)的增加对结构质量的削减作用相较于对结构刚度的削减作用更为显著,这导致结构刚度-质量比增加,致使FGP梁的共振频率及非线性共振区域向高频偏移。
为研究激励幅值对FGP梁非线性响应特性的影响,图9(a)给出了不同激励载荷幅值下FGP梁非线性幅频响应的变化曲线。可以观察到,随着激励载荷幅值的增加,其幅频响应的共振区间及振幅都随之增大,结构的非线性特性也逐渐增强。图9(b)给出了激励频率为线性共振频率处测点的相图,图中黑色圆点代表Runge-Kutta法的计算结果。可以看出,当激励频率Ω=ω1时,FGP梁始终做稳定的等幅极限环运动,且随着激励幅值的增加,其极限环振幅逐渐增大。
本文基于Timoshenko梁理论和von Karman理论,提出适用于FGP梁非线性振动分析的谱几何-增量谐波平衡解法,并结合数值算例研究了FGP梁结构非线性振动特性,得出如下结论:
(1)基于本文降阶模型求解得到的非线性振动解与文献数据吻合良好,表明了谱几何-增量谐波平衡法的正确性。
(2)随着FGP梁孔隙参数增加,固支边界下梁结构的非线性频率先减小后增大,但孔隙参数变化对结构的非线性模态几乎无影响。
(3)当考虑结构的几何非线性因素时,FGP梁的幅频响应呈现硬特性,且由于厚度、孔隙参数的变化致使结构刚度-质量特性的改变,导致FGP梁的共振点及非线性共振区域发生偏移。
(4)随着激励载荷幅值的增加,FGP梁的幅频响应共振区间及振幅增大,且激励频率为线性共振频率时,FGP梁的极限环振幅随之增大。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52075554)
  • 中南大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2021zzts0138)
  • 湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX20210214)
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2025年第38卷第4期
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doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.04.008
  • 接收时间:2023-09-20
  • 首发时间:2026-02-12
  • 出版时间:2025-04-10
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出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-20
  • 修回日期:2023-11-10
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52075554)
中南大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2021zzts0138)
湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX20210214)
作者信息
    1.中南大学机电工程学院,湖南 长沙 410083
    2.中南大学极端服役性能精准制造全国重点实验室,湖南 长沙 410083

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王青山(1989—),男,博士,副教授。E-mail:
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zdgcxb/CN/10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.04.008
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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