Article(id=1228653712948789911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228653708687377017, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.11.005, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1669478400000, receivedDateStr=2022-11-27, revisedDate=1684080000000, revisedDateStr=2023-05-15, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1770863472449, onlineDateStr=2026-02-12, pubDate=1732723200000, pubDateStr=2024-11-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1770863472449, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-12, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1770863472449, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770863472449, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1228653708687377017, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, year='2024', volume='37', issue='11', pageStart='1803', pageEnd='1992', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1770863471433, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770863902026, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1228655514792427773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228653708687377017, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1228655514792427774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228653708687377017, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1836, endPage=1847, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1228653713376608929, articleId=1228653712948789911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, language=EN, title=Optimization design of an isolation system with an inerter and an element of negative stiffness, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Vibration Engineering, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This article investigates the optimization problem of a novel base isolation system by introducing a passive network consisting of one damper,one spring and one inerter and a grounded element with negative stiffness. The dynamic equations of the system are established and the frequency response function in the dimensionless form is derived. Since it is found that the amplitude-frequency response curves pass through four fixed-points,the extended fixed-point method is utilized to solve the parameter optimization problem. The explicit expressions of the optimal inertance-to-mass ratio,the optimal natural frequency ratio,and the optimal corner frequency ratio of the system are derived by adjusting the four fixed points to the same height. The expression of the optimal damping ratio is calculated by letting the amplitudes of the three invariant frequencies among the four fixed points to the same amplitudes as those of the four fixed-points. A necessary and sufficient condition for the system with optimal parameter values to be stable is derived by utilizing the Hurwitz stability criterion. Compared with other three optimal isolation systems,the optimal isolation system in this article can provide better H performance and better output responses in the multi-storey building vibration system.

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通过将一类含阻尼器、弹簧、惯容的无源网络及接地的负刚度元件引入到基础隔振系统中,研究系统的优化设计问题。建立系统的动力学方程,得到无量纲化的频率响应函数。由于系统的幅频响应曲线存在四个固定点,故利用广义固定点法进行参数优化。将这四个固定点调整到同一高度,得到系统的最优惯容质量比、最优固有频率比和最优角频率比的表达式。令三个不变频率处的幅值与四个固定点处的幅值相等,计算得到最优阻尼比的表达式。通过Hurwitz稳定性判据推导得到取最优参数值时系统稳定的充分必要条件。通过与其他三种最优化隔振器进行对比,发现所提的优化后的隔振系统具有更优的H性能,且在多层楼房的减振中也具有更优的输出响应。

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王锴(1988—),男,博士,副教授。 E-mail:

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王锴(1988—),男,博士,副教授。 E-mail:

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figureFileBig=i9/qz8n4Cg3eYWf9IRxMfQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228653785543803495, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228653712948789911, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

The element values for different vibration isolation systems when β = 0.1

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
隔振模型kt/(N⋅m-1)ks/(N⋅m-1)bs/kgcs/(N⋅s⋅m-1)kn/(N⋅m-1)
文献[25]785882--25017-
文献[26]-579941298173114-
文献[27]-4124755298141316-1649902
本文965502359980298132336-386201
), ArticleFig(id=1228653785610912360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228653712948789911, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

β=0.1时不同隔振系统元件取值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
隔振模型kt/(N⋅m-1)ks/(N⋅m-1)bs/kgcs/(N⋅s⋅m-1)kn/(N⋅m-1)
文献[25]785882--25017-
文献[26]-579941298173114-
文献[27]-4124755298141316-1649902
本文965502359980298132336-386201
), ArticleFig(id=1228653785690604137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228653712948789911, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

The RMS values of the m4 displacements of the building controlled by different base isolators in 30 s

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
隔振模型El-CentroRMS值/mNorthridge RMS值/mKobeRMS值/m
无隔振0.0040480.0036890.015955
文献[25]0.0038790.0034330.015024
文献[26]0.0038940.0035030.015697
文献[27]0.0030290.0046580.009213
本文0.0022830.0030660.006552
), ArticleFig(id=1228653785770295914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228653712948789911, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同隔振器控制下30 s地震内m4位移的均方根值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
隔振模型El-CentroRMS值/mNorthridge RMS值/mKobeRMS值/m
无隔振0.0040480.0036890.015955
文献[25]0.0038790.0034330.015024
文献[26]0.0038940.0035030.015697
文献[27]0.0030290.0046580.009213
本文0.0022830.0030660.006552
), ArticleFig(id=1228653785837404779, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228653712948789911, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

The response of the base isolation layer mb in 30 s under El-Centro earthquake

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
隔振模型位移均方值/m加速度均方值/(m⋅s-2)位移峰值/m
无隔振0.001270.12740.003712
文献[25]0.001270.11770.003695
文献[26]0.001180.12630.003495
文献[27]0.001200.09720.003607
本文0.000810.08290.002774
), ArticleFig(id=1228653785917096556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228653712948789911, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

El-Centro地震下30 s内基础隔振层mb响应

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
隔振模型位移均方值/m加速度均方值/(m⋅s-2)位移峰值/m
无隔振0.001270.12740.003712
文献[25]0.001270.11770.003695
文献[26]0.001180.12630.003495
文献[27]0.001200.09720.003607
本文0.000810.08290.002774
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一种含惯容及负刚度元件的隔振系统优化设计
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王锴 , 吴丽婷 , 刘飞
振动工程学报 | 2024,37(11): 1836-1847
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振动工程学报 | 2024, 37(11): 1836-1847
一种含惯容及负刚度元件的隔振系统优化设计
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王锴 , 吴丽婷, 刘飞
作者信息
  • 江南大学物联网工程学院轻工过程先进控制教育部重点实验室,江苏 无锡 214122
  • 王锴(1988—),男,博士,副教授。 E-mail:

Optimization design of an isolation system with an inerter and an element of negative stiffness
Kai WANG , Li-ting WU, Fei LIU
Affiliations
  • Key Laboratory of Advanced Process Control for Light Industry (Ministry of Education), School of Internet of Things Engineering,Jiangnan University,Wuxi 214122,China
出版时间: 2024-11-28 doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.11.005
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通过将一类含阻尼器、弹簧、惯容的无源网络及接地的负刚度元件引入到基础隔振系统中,研究系统的优化设计问题。建立系统的动力学方程,得到无量纲化的频率响应函数。由于系统的幅频响应曲线存在四个固定点,故利用广义固定点法进行参数优化。将这四个固定点调整到同一高度,得到系统的最优惯容质量比、最优固有频率比和最优角频率比的表达式。令三个不变频率处的幅值与四个固定点处的幅值相等,计算得到最优阻尼比的表达式。通过Hurwitz稳定性判据推导得到取最优参数值时系统稳定的充分必要条件。通过与其他三种最优化隔振器进行对比,发现所提的优化后的隔振系统具有更优的H性能,且在多层楼房的减振中也具有更优的输出响应。

基础隔振器  /  负刚度  /  惯容  /  广义固定点法  /  参数优化

This article investigates the optimization problem of a novel base isolation system by introducing a passive network consisting of one damper,one spring and one inerter and a grounded element with negative stiffness. The dynamic equations of the system are established and the frequency response function in the dimensionless form is derived. Since it is found that the amplitude-frequency response curves pass through four fixed-points,the extended fixed-point method is utilized to solve the parameter optimization problem. The explicit expressions of the optimal inertance-to-mass ratio,the optimal natural frequency ratio,and the optimal corner frequency ratio of the system are derived by adjusting the four fixed points to the same height. The expression of the optimal damping ratio is calculated by letting the amplitudes of the three invariant frequencies among the four fixed points to the same amplitudes as those of the four fixed-points. A necessary and sufficient condition for the system with optimal parameter values to be stable is derived by utilizing the Hurwitz stability criterion. Compared with other three optimal isolation systems,the optimal isolation system in this article can provide better H performance and better output responses in the multi-storey building vibration system.

base isolator  /  negative stiffness  /  inerter  /  extended fixed-point theory  /  parameter optimization
王锴, 吴丽婷, 刘飞. 一种含惯容及负刚度元件的隔振系统优化设计. 振动工程学报, 2024 , 37 (11) : 1836 -1847 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.11.005
Kai WANG, Li-ting WU, Fei LIU. Optimization design of an isolation system with an inerter and an element of negative stiffness[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering, 2024 , 37 (11) : 1836 -1847 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.11.005
由于成本低、可靠性高、实现简单等优势,基础隔振系统(Base Isolation System,BIS)受到广泛关注,在许多减振领域得到了成功应用1-2。吴应雄等3提出一类复合隔振系统,并将其应用于长周期地震动作用下的高层楼房减振,研究发现该系统能有效控制隔振层的最大位移,且同时保证隔振层以上的楼层也具有较好的减振效果。刘艳等4将隔振系统应用到各层高架轨道,并进行了匹配设计,发现在改善沿线环境隔振效果的同时还兼顾车-轨-桥各层子系统的动力响应特性。宋丹龙等5将一类低频隔振器应用到了电梯中,实现了电梯轿厢的低频隔振,提高了人们乘坐电梯的舒适性。ZHANG等6将隔振器应用到LNG液化储罐系统中,发现隔振器能有效地减小地震下罐体的振动,从而很好地保护罐体。因此,基础隔振器具有广泛的应用前景及重要的应用价值。
IKAGO等7提出一类调谐黏性质量阻尼(Tuned Viscous Mass Damper,简称TVMD)隔振器,并通过传统固定点法8对其参数进行优化设计,将所得最优隔振器应用于房屋在地震激励下的减振研究,研究表明在地震时TVMD隔振器能以相对较小的质量来抑制较大质量的楼房的振动。随后,学者们相继研究各类不同结构的基础隔振器的优化设计问题。HU等9将SMITH10提出的无源机械元件“惯容”应用于基础隔振器的优化设计中,针对不同结构的模型,通过传统固定点法进行系统的参数优化,得到各元件值的最优解析解。近些年,也出现了许多其他含惯容的隔振系统优化研究11-13。其中,文献[11]提出了一类含接地惯容的隔振器,通过优化得到系统各参数的最优值,并将其应用于多自由度振动系统,结果表明此系统能够更有效地抑制系统的振动。文献[12]通过利用MATLAB中的优化工具箱对三种含惯容-弹簧-阻尼器网络的隔振器进行的数值优化,得到这两种性能指标下的数值最优解。BARREDO等13通过对不同结构的弹簧-阻尼器-惯容网络进行数值优化,得到数值解。
负刚度是近年来提出的机械构造结构,负刚度性能可以通过倒立摆、压杆机构等物理结构构造获得,目前越来越多的学者14-16构造出性能稳定的负刚度特性物理结构,为日后在机械工程上的应用提供了物理基础。随着具有负刚度特性的机械元件被提出及成功应用17-18,一些学者将其应用到动力吸振和隔振系统中19-23,研究发现引入负刚度元件的隔振器能够在原系统减振性能的基础上得到进一步的提升。其中,ISLAM等22提出了四种基于负刚度的隔振器系统,并通过传统固定点法对其进行优化设计,得到各系统的参数最优解。WANG等23通过传统固定点法优化设计了一类含负刚度元件的单自由度减振系统,其最优系统性能相比于不含负刚度的情形得到进一步提升。
随着隔振系统中机械网络的复杂度增加,系统幅频响应曲线的固定点数量也随之增加,使得传统的固定点法很难适用。为此,BARREDO等24提出了采用广义固定点法解决当减振系统的幅频响应曲线出现四个固定点时的优化问题,并指出该方法同样适用于复杂隔振网络的优化设计。采用文献[24]中的方法进行研究,发现阻尼器-弹簧-惯容串联的隔振系统相较于其他隔振网络系统具有较优的性能。由此,本文提出了一类含阻尼器-弹簧-惯容网络及负刚度元件的基础隔振器,通过广义固定点法对系统进行优化设计,推导出了在负刚度比和质量比给定情况下,最优阻尼比、最优固有频率比、最优角频率比和最优惯容质量比的解析表达式。并且,通过Hurwitz稳定性判据,给出负刚度比的范围,以保证系统的稳定。另外,将最优化后的隔振器应用到多层楼房的减振系统中,与其他三种已有的隔振系统进行对比,发现本文提出的隔振系统在地震这种随机外界激励下也具有良好的隔振性能。
本文所要研究的一类含阻尼器-弹簧-惯容网络及负刚度元件的基础隔振系统如图1所示。其中,分别为主系统的质量和隔振器的质量。分别表示主系统弹簧刚度和隔振系统弹簧刚度;)为直接接地的负刚度元件刚度;传递函数图1(b)中含阻尼器、弹簧及惯容无源网络的机械导纳;为机械网络产生的力;分别表示网络中的弹簧刚度、阻尼系数和惯容量;分别表示主系统和隔振系统受到外界加速度扰动下相对于地面的位移。
根据牛顿第二定律可得到该系统的运动微分方程为:
分别为的拉普拉斯变换,根据式(1)可得:
式中  ,且根据图1(b)中的无源网络可得。令,并引入参数的无量纲形式:
式中  为质量比;为惯容质量比;分别为主系统的固有频率、隔振系统的固有频率和隔振系统的角频率;分别为固有频率比和角频率比;为阻尼比;为外界输入频率比;为负刚度比。
从而,由式(2)可得无量纲化的频率响应函数:
其中:
根据频率响应函数(式(3)),可定义性能指标:
从而,建立如下最优化问题:
式中 质量比与负刚度比为给定值。
本文拟采用广义固定点法24来解决最优化问题(式(8)),从而完成图1所示的隔振系统的优化设计。固定点是幅频响应曲线里的特殊点,其坐标与阻尼比的取值无关。此外,不变频率是指当阻尼比时系统的共振频率。对于本文隔振系统的频率响应函数(式(3)),其阻尼比参数取不同值时的幅频响应曲线图2所示。其中,点P,Q,Z和G表示四个固定点;是四个固定点之间的三个不变频率,时的不变频率,时的不变频率。
为优化隔振系统幅频响应曲线的最大幅值,本文采用广义固定点法。根据文献[24],优化步骤可概括如下。
算法1 给定负刚度比和质量比,为解决最优化问题(式(8)),优化过程总结如下:
Ⅰ.令,建立关于的八阶多项式方程,其正根为四个固定点P,Q,Z和G对应的频率值;
Ⅱ.为了使得四个固定点在幅频响应曲线上的幅值相等,令得到另一个关于的八阶多项式方程,其正根为具有相同幅值的四个不同频率值;
Ⅲ. 通过令两个方程等价,求解得到的最优值,并得到四个固定点所对应的相同幅值(若有多组解,选取最小的一组参数值);
Ⅳ. 根据第Ⅰ步至第Ⅲ步中所求最优参数值,由可求得,其中。最终计算
其中,为固定点Z和G之间的不变频率,为固定点P和Q之间的不变频率,为固定点Q和Z之间的不变频率。
本小节拟利用算法1中的步骤进行系统的最优化设计。根据式(3),得到系统的幅频响应函数:
由式(9)可得:
由算法1中第Ⅰ步,令:
可得:
当上式右侧的符号取正时,通过计算得到关于的方程,故,显然与矛盾。当上式右侧的符号取负时,得到一个八阶多项式方程:
其中:
方程(11)的正根为四个固定点对应的频率。
由算法1中第Ⅱ步,为了让四个固定点处的幅值相等,定义四个固定点处的幅值为。将式(10)两边平方,得到另一个关于幅值的八阶等式如下:
其中:
式中 方程(16)的正根为在幅频响应曲线中具有相同幅值、但频率值不同的四个点。
令式(11)中与式(16)中等价,可得如下定理。
定理1 考虑式(3)中的频率响应函数,其中。并且假定。根据算法1中步骤Ⅰ至步骤Ⅲ,若四个固定点处的频率响应幅值相等,则的最优值为:
其中,相等的频率响应幅值满足:
此外,均为有限实数,且为正。证明见附录A。
定理2 考虑式(3)中的频率响应函数,其中。并且假定。根据算法1中步骤Ⅳ,当取式(21)~(23)的最优值时,阻尼比的最优值为:
其中:
并且,
其中:
此外,为有限实数且为正。证明见附录B。
当式(3)中频率响应函数的负刚度比取,质量比取时,根据定理1可以求得参数的最优值,在四个固定点P,Q,Z和G处的幅值满足。根据定理2,可得参数的最优值为,其中。当分别取时的幅频响应曲线如图3所示。显然,曲线在四个固定点处的幅值相等,并且等于三个不变频率处的幅值,即。当时的幅频响应最大值小于当时的情形。
定理3给出了当取式(21)~(23)及(25)中最优值时,系统稳定的充分必要条件。
定理3 考虑式(3)中的频率响应函数,其中。并且假定。当取式 (21)~(23)及(25)中最优值时,此系统稳定的充分必要条件为
证明见附录C。
最后,根据算法1中的广义固定点法步骤以及定理1~3中的结果,可概括为如下算法。
算法2 给定负刚度比和质量比,其中,为解决本文最优化问题(8),可利用如下步骤:
Ⅰ.通过式(21)求得
Ⅱ.通过式(22)求得
Ⅲ.通过式(23)求得
Ⅳ.通过式(25)求得
上述计算过程所得是有限实数,且为正,优化后的系统是稳定的。
为了验证本文提出的隔振系统的性能,取,利用算法2进行系统优化设计,可求得参数取如下最优值。为进行对比,考虑其他文献中的三个不同结构的无源隔振系统如图4所示,包括文献[25]中无源机械网络仅为单个阻尼器的经典隔振系统,文献[26]中无源网络与本文相同但不含负刚度的隔振系统,以及文献[27]中的含有负刚度的无源网络隔振系统。利用相应的优化设计方法,可得上述系统的最优参数。图5给出了本文的最优化隔振系统与文献[25-27]中三种不同优化隔振系统的幅频响应曲线,其中文献[25]与本文模型的质量比相同,文献[26]与本文模型的惯容-主质量比相同,文献[27]与本文模型的惯容-主质量比和负刚度比相同。可以看出,相比于其他三个已有的最优无源隔振器,本文所提出的含惯容及接地负刚度元件的隔振系统在经过参数优化设计后具有更平缓的幅频响应曲线和更优的性能。
将本文提出的含惯容及接地负刚度元件的隔振系统以及图4所示的三种隔振系统经过参数优化设计后应用于图6所示的四层楼房结构中进行减振研究。根据文献[28],楼房结构可以简化为质量、弹簧和阻尼器结构,当楼层结构中加入阻尼器时能起到吸收与消耗地震能量的作用,延长楼层结构的振动周期,以此来降低整个楼层结构的加速度反应,将地震的影响降到最低。在设计楼房结构的阻尼比时通常有两种方法:振型阻尼比法和统一阻尼比法。其中,统一阻尼比法根据实际建筑结构的不同选取的统一阻尼比值也不相同,大部分取值为29,本文采用统一阻尼比法选取阻尼比,进行简单算例分析。文献[30]指出,当隔振器放在楼房基座上时会获得较好的减振效果,因此在本节中对结构底层附加隔振器的普通多自由度结构进行分析,外部输入为地震波。建立系统动力学模型:
式中  为系统的质量矩阵;为系统的阻尼矩阵;为系统的刚度矩阵;为各楼层相对基座运动的位移向量;为在地震加速度作用下的质量向量。
根据文献[31],选取四层楼房楼层的质量和基座质量均为,各楼层的刚度和基座刚度均为,阻尼比,其中,i=1,2,3,4,b。
分别将本文优化后的隔振器(图1)与图4中三个优化后的隔振器作为图6中的基础隔振系统,图6以本文模型安装在楼层底部为例,虚线框内为隔振器。当输入为El-Centro,Northridge和Kobe地震波时32图7给出了在四种状态下最高层的位移输出响应,仿真时长为30 s,采样时间为0.01 s。表1给出了四个基础隔振器对整个楼层质量进行优化控制时的最优参数值,表2为最高层位移响应均方根值。图8给出El-Centro地震下各隔振模型控制下隔振层的输出响应,表3图8中位移和加速度响应均方根值。由表23的最高层和隔振层输出响应均方根值中得出,与其他三种楼房隔振系统相比,本文提出的隔振系统在优化设计后都具有最优减振输出响应。最高层的位移输出响应均方根值在El-Centro,Northridge和Kobe地震波下的减振率分别为43%,20%和58%,隔振层位移和加速度均方根值在El-Centro地震波下减振率分别为36%和34%。除此以外,隔振层位移峰值减振率为25%。
本文提出了一种含阻尼器-弹簧-惯容的无源网络及负刚度元件的隔振系统,并研究了此系统的优化设计问题。本文将最新的广义固定点法应用到研究隔振系统中,得到解析解。研究结果除应用在楼房模型进行减振外,也可应用于桥梁、储液罐等振动控制系统的减振设计,并可为后续隔振系统的研究提供基础。
(1) 研究发现,系统的幅频响应曲线存在四个固定点,故通过广义固定点法对其进行优化(算法1)。
(2) 推导出了在给定负刚度比及质量比的情况下系统的最优惯容质量比、最优固有频率比、最优角频率比及最优阻尼比的解析表达式(定理1及定理2)。
(3) 根据Hurwitz稳定性判据,推导出了在参数取最优值时系统稳定的充分必要条件,此条件与给定的负刚度比及质量比相关(定理3)。
(4) 根据所推导出的定理,将此类系统的优化设计步骤进行了概括(算法2)。
(5) 通过时域仿真,说明了相比于其他文献中三种优化后的隔振器,本文优化后的基础隔振系统在三种地震波下具有相对较优的输出响应性能。
  • 江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20211234)
  • 中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2022M711362)
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(61833007)
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(62373166)
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2024年第37卷第11期
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doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.11.005
  • 接收时间:2022-11-27
  • 首发时间:2026-02-12
  • 出版时间:2024-11-28
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  • 收稿日期:2022-11-27
  • 修回日期:2023-05-15
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江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20211234)
中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2022M711362)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(61833007)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(62373166)
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    江南大学物联网工程学院轻工过程先进控制教育部重点实验室,江苏 无锡 214122
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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