Article(id=1228653712797790215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228653708687377017, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.11.003, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1665158400000, receivedDateStr=2022-10-08, revisedDate=1673193600000, revisedDateStr=2023-01-09, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1770863472413, onlineDateStr=2026-02-12, pubDate=1732723200000, pubDateStr=2024-11-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1770863472413, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-12, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1770863472413, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770863472413, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1228653708687377017, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, year='2024', volume='37', issue='11', pageStart='1803', pageEnd='1992', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1770863471433, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770863902026, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1228655514792427773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228653708687377017, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1228655514792427774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228653708687377017, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1818, endPage=1825, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1228653713825394705, articleId=1228653712797790215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, language=EN, title=Isolation effect and influence parameters of mass rotating wrap rope device for regular continuous girder bridge, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Vibration Engineering, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to solve the problem of seismic design of continuous beam bridge in which the longitudinal seismic inertia force is only carried by the fixed pier,the seismic potential of the movable pier is fully exerted with the same section as the fixed pier. Based on the principle of wrap rope,the mass rotation wrap rope device excited by additional mass inertia force is developed to realize the cooperative force of fixed pier and movable pier and limit the relative displacement of beam end. Based on the working principle and structural characteristics of the device,the restoring force model of the device is proposed,and through a 3-span regular continuous beam bridge,the finite element model of the whole bridge is established. The effects of additional mass,friction coefficient and initial relaxation coefficient on the vibration reduction performance of continuous beam bridge are systematically analyzed. The results show that the effect of mass rotation wrap rope device on reducing the seismic response of fixed pier and lifting the movable pier to participate in the longitudinal whole cooperative force of continuous beam bridge is obvious. The influence of parameters of different seismic wave input characteristics is slightly different,but reasonable design parameters of the device will produce a more obvious effect of shock absorption.

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为解决连续梁桥纵向地震惯性力仅由固定墩承受的抗震设计难题,充分发挥与固定墩相同截面的活动墩的抗震潜能,基于缠绕索原理,研发了利用附加质量惯性力的质量转动缠绕索装置,从而实现固定墩与活动墩协同受力和限制梁端相对位移的目的。在阐述装置工作原理及构造特点的基础上,提出了装置的恢复力模型,并通过对一座三跨规则连续梁桥建立全桥有限元模型,研究了连续梁桥质量转动缠绕索装置的减震效果,系统分析了附加质量、摩擦系数和初始松弛系数取值对装置减震性能的影响。结果表明,质量转动缠绕索装置对于减小固定墩地震响应,提升活动墩参与连续梁桥纵向整体协同受力的效果较为明显,值得注意的是,不同地震波作用下减震装置参数对结构地震响应的影响略有不同。

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刘延芳(1982—),男,博士研究生,教授级高级工程师。E-mail:

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刘延芳(1982—),男,博士研究生,教授级高级工程师。E-mail:

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articleId=1228653712797790215, language=EN, label=Fig.14, caption=Displacement of main beam end, figureFileSmall=xPhssciIYJwgC3Lv8JaUJg==, figureFileBig=56AGraB/ae7ZUToHHJzgWA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228653732691374654, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228653712797790215, language=CN, label=图14, caption=主梁梁端位移, figureFileSmall=xPhssciIYJwgC3Lv8JaUJg==, figureFileBig=56AGraB/ae7ZUToHHJzgWA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228653732783649345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228653712797790215, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Seismic waves for analysis

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地震波名称加速度峰值/gal持时/s
El-Centro波341.753.73
Taft波175.8354.38
天津波145.819.19
), ArticleFig(id=1228653732888506951, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228653712797790215, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

分析用地震波

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地震波名称加速度峰值/gal持时/s
El-Centro波341.753.73
Taft波175.8354.38
天津波145.819.19
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Comparison of seismic response under two working conditions

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工况位置El-Centro波Taft波天津波
剪力/kN弯矩/(kN·m)剪力/kN弯矩/(kN·m)剪力/kN弯矩/(kN·m)
2号固定墩6.66×1045.89×1055.04×1044.54×1051.30×1051.24×106
3号活动墩6.59×1036.50×1046.61×1036.85×1045.68×1035.94×104
固定墩/活动墩10.19.17.66.623.020.9
2号固定墩6.01×1044.94×1054.71×1043.99×1058.12×1047.34×105
3号活动墩2.04×1042.50×1052.04×1042.46×1053.06×1043.84×105
固定墩/活动墩2.92.02.31.62.71.9
[(②-①)/①]×100%2号固定墩-9.8%-16.2%-6.5%-12.1%-37.8%-40.8%
②/①3号活动墩3.13.83.13.65.46.5
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两种工况下地震响应对比

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工况位置El-Centro波Taft波天津波
剪力/kN弯矩/(kN·m)剪力/kN弯矩/(kN·m)剪力/kN弯矩/(kN·m)
2号固定墩6.66×1045.89×1055.04×1044.54×1051.30×1051.24×106
3号活动墩6.59×1036.50×1046.61×1036.85×1045.68×1035.94×104
固定墩/活动墩10.19.17.66.623.020.9
2号固定墩6.01×1044.94×1054.71×1043.99×1058.12×1047.34×105
3号活动墩2.04×1042.50×1052.04×1042.46×1053.06×1043.84×105
固定墩/活动墩2.92.02.31.62.71.9
[(②-①)/①]×100%2号固定墩-9.8%-16.2%-6.5%-12.1%-37.8%-40.8%
②/①3号活动墩3.13.83.13.65.46.5
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Calculation parameters

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附加质量/kg摩擦系数初始松弛间隙/m
14400.010.02
138000.020.04
276000.030.06
414000.040.08
552000.050.1
69000
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模型计算参数

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附加质量/kg摩擦系数初始松弛间隙/m
14400.010.02
138000.020.04
276000.030.06
414000.040.08
552000.050.1
69000
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规则连续梁桥质量转动缠绕索装置减震效果及影响参数研究
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刘延芳 1, 2 , 张文学 1 , 杜修力 1 , 鲍卫刚 2
振动工程学报 | 2024,37(11): 1818-1825
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振动工程学报 | 2024, 37(11): 1818-1825
规则连续梁桥质量转动缠绕索装置减震效果及影响参数研究
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刘延芳1, 2 , 张文学1, 杜修力1, 鲍卫刚2
作者信息
  • 1北京工业大学建筑工程学院,北京 100124
  • 2中国交通建设股份有限公司,北京 100088
  • 刘延芳(1982—),男,博士研究生,教授级高级工程师。E-mail:

Isolation effect and influence parameters of mass rotating wrap rope device for regular continuous girder bridge
Yan-fang LIU1, 2 , Wen-xue ZHANG1, Xiu-li DU1, Wei-gang BAO2
Affiliations
  • 1College of Architecture and Civil Engineering,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124 ,China
  • 2China Communications Construction Company Limited,Beijing 100088,China
出版时间: 2024-11-28 doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.11.003
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为解决连续梁桥纵向地震惯性力仅由固定墩承受的抗震设计难题,充分发挥与固定墩相同截面的活动墩的抗震潜能,基于缠绕索原理,研发了利用附加质量惯性力的质量转动缠绕索装置,从而实现固定墩与活动墩协同受力和限制梁端相对位移的目的。在阐述装置工作原理及构造特点的基础上,提出了装置的恢复力模型,并通过对一座三跨规则连续梁桥建立全桥有限元模型,研究了连续梁桥质量转动缠绕索装置的减震效果,系统分析了附加质量、摩擦系数和初始松弛系数取值对装置减震性能的影响。结果表明,质量转动缠绕索装置对于减小固定墩地震响应,提升活动墩参与连续梁桥纵向整体协同受力的效果较为明显,值得注意的是,不同地震波作用下减震装置参数对结构地震响应的影响略有不同。

连续梁桥  /  质量转动缠绕索装置  /  减震效果  /  附加质量  /  摩擦系数  /  初始松弛系数

In order to solve the problem of seismic design of continuous beam bridge in which the longitudinal seismic inertia force is only carried by the fixed pier,the seismic potential of the movable pier is fully exerted with the same section as the fixed pier. Based on the principle of wrap rope,the mass rotation wrap rope device excited by additional mass inertia force is developed to realize the cooperative force of fixed pier and movable pier and limit the relative displacement of beam end. Based on the working principle and structural characteristics of the device,the restoring force model of the device is proposed,and through a 3-span regular continuous beam bridge,the finite element model of the whole bridge is established. The effects of additional mass,friction coefficient and initial relaxation coefficient on the vibration reduction performance of continuous beam bridge are systematically analyzed. The results show that the effect of mass rotation wrap rope device on reducing the seismic response of fixed pier and lifting the movable pier to participate in the longitudinal whole cooperative force of continuous beam bridge is obvious. The influence of parameters of different seismic wave input characteristics is slightly different,but reasonable design parameters of the device will produce a more obvious effect of shock absorption.

continuous girder bridge  /  mass rotation wrap rope device  /  damping effect  /  additional mass  /  friction coefficient  /  initial relaxation coefficient
刘延芳, 张文学, 杜修力, 鲍卫刚. 规则连续梁桥质量转动缠绕索装置减震效果及影响参数研究. 振动工程学报, 2024 , 37 (11) : 1818 -1825 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.11.003
Yan-fang LIU, Wen-xue ZHANG, Xiu-li DU, Wei-gang BAO. Isolation effect and influence parameters of mass rotating wrap rope device for regular continuous girder bridge[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering, 2024 , 37 (11) : 1818 -1825 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.11.003
连续梁桥具有内力状态均匀合理、刚度大、整体性好等优点。但由于连续梁桥通常仅在一联中设置一个固定支座,依靠固定支座与固定墩承受桥梁上部结构纵向地震惯性力,导致连续梁桥在地震作用下常会发生支座损坏、固定墩损伤等震害。2008年汶川地震中的多座连续梁桥19、2021年青海玛多地震中的野马滩大桥、野马滩2号桥10等连续梁桥均发生了较为严重的震害。随着减/隔震技术在实际工程中的推广,新西兰、美国、日本等国家逐步将减/隔震技术写入了规范中1115。文献[16]中明确提出了连续梁桥采用减/隔震支座的抗震体系设计,为桥梁减/隔震设计提供了规范依据和设计指导。
对于采用减/隔震支座的连续梁桥1720,淡化了固定支座与活动支座的作用,通过减/隔震支座的初始刚度来满足正常运营荷载作用下的纵向限位要求;同时在地震作用下,可以通过合理设置减/隔震支座参数,使得每个桥墩的纵向组合刚度得以均衡,各墩可以共同协调、分担纵向水平地震力,从而改变地震力集中于固定墩的不利情况。但由于减/隔震支座的等效刚度与固定支座的差异性,每个桥墩的纵向组合刚度难以均衡,导致活动墩的抗震潜能并未得到充分发挥。同时,减/隔震支座成为整个结构抗震性能的保障,也成了结构抗震设计的薄弱环节。鉴于各类减/隔震支座的缺陷以及震后支座更换的时效性,难以保障结构的合理抗震性能以及震后性能的快速恢复。另外,强震作用下,桥梁结构容易进入强非线性阶段,采用非线性减/隔震支座会导致结构多重非线性的耦合现象,使得减/隔震支座的动力失效机制及破坏模式更为复杂,如何确保结构具有合理的抗震性能,确保桥梁结构“大震不倒”仍有待进一步研究。
本文以发挥活动墩抗震潜能,提升连续梁桥纵向整体协同受力性能为目标,基于缠绕索原理,提出一种在连续梁主梁与活动墩之间设置通过地震加速度激发的质量转动缠绕索装置。根据《公路桥梁抗震设计规范》(JTG/T 2231⁃01—2020)21中对规则桥梁的定义,以一座典型3跨规则连续梁桥为例,分析了质量转动缠绕索装置的协同受力和减震耗能的效果,同时研究了质量转动缠绕索装置关键设计参数对减震效果的影响。
将绳索在粗糙的木桩上缠绕几圈后,可以很省力地拉住物体,如船只通过绳索缠绕在码头木桩上停泊。18世纪数学家欧拉研究了摩擦力与绳索缠绕在木桩上的圈数之间的规律,构建了欧拉公式22,即以木桩上一小段绳索为研究对象,根据共点力的平衡原理,可以求解出:
式中  为缠绕索摩擦力;为缠绕索主动端拉力;为缠绕索被动端拉力;为缠绕索与圆柱体间的滑动摩擦系数;为缠绕圈数。
本文基于缠绕索原理,提出了一种地震加速度激发的质量转动缠绕索装置。该装置设置在连续梁活动墩处,可与活动支座一起工作。在常规荷载作用下,通过设置合理的缠绕索的初始松弛量,满足结构在正常运营状态下温度荷载等引起的缓慢变位的需求。在地震作用下,以转动轴两端附加质量块的转动惯性力作为缠绕索主动端的拉力,通过缠绕索的放大作用实现较大的滑动摩擦力。当主梁与活动支座之间的地震惯性力小于附加质量块的转动惯性力和其所激起的缠绕索摩擦力的组合时,装置达到瞬间锁定的连接状态,实现固定墩与活动墩共同分担纵向地震惯性力和限制梁端位移的作用。当主梁与活动支座之间的地震惯性力大于附加质量块的转动惯性力和其所激起的缠绕索摩擦力的组合时,活动墩将以缠绕索所提供的最大摩擦力与固定墩协同受载并限制活动墩与梁体之间的相对位移,从而起到保护活动支座和伸缩缝的目的。该装置的构造如图1所示,其主要构成部分包括转动轴、附加质量块、缠绕索、摩擦轴、装置垫板、支架板、牛腿以及组装螺栓等。
基于缠绕索的力学原理,结合装置初始惯性力的取值方法,质量转动缠绕索装置的本构方程如下:
式中  为活动墩处墩梁的相对位移;为初始松弛量;为绳索的最大伸长量;为附加质量块的初始惯性力所激起的缠绕索被动端拉力,其中,为附加质量,为附加质量块的转动加速度,为质量放大系数(为附加质量的内、外环半径,为转动轴半径)。
图2为质量转动缠绕索装置的恢复力曲线。
本文选取一座跨径布设为(45+80+45)m的三跨变截面连续梁桥为例,对质量转动缠绕索装置的减震性能以及相关参数对减震性能的影响规律进行分析。分析中不考虑结构的塑性变形,利用质量转动缠绕索装置和常规盆式支座的恢复力模型考虑活动支座处的非线性。质量转动缠绕索减震装置的有限元模型通过集中质量法考虑附加质量的影响。
该桥主梁采用单箱单室直腹板混凝土箱形截面,标准截面如图3所示。墩顶处梁高4.3 m,高跨比为1/16.7;跨中梁高2.3 m,高跨比为1/34.8;顶板宽12.5 m,厚0.28 m;底板宽6.5 m,厚0.28 m;腹板厚0.5~0.7 m。桥墩墩高15 m,采用6.5 m×2 m的矩形截面。
采用SAP2000非线性有限元程序进行计算,其中,主梁和桥墩采用线性梁单元模拟;固定支座通过2号桥墩墩顶节点与主梁相应节点body主从束缚模拟,滑动支座采用Wen塑性单元模拟,质量转动缠绕索装置采用多段线塑性连接单元模拟;不考虑基础的桩⁃土相互作用,桥墩与地面按刚性连接处理。图4为该桥计算模型。
首先,为研究规则桥梁质量转动缠绕索装置的减震效果,计算考虑两种工况:工况①为未采用质量转动缠绕索装置的原桥设计模型,即2号桥墩采用固定支座,1,3和4号桥墩支座采用纵向滑动支座;工况②为设置质量转动缠绕索装置模型,即2号桥墩采用固定支座,1,3和4号桥墩支座采用纵向滑动支座和质量转动缠绕索装置。设定质量转动缠绕索装置的初始设计参数为附加质量20000 kg、质量放大系数25、加速度阈值1 m/s2、缠绕圈数10圈、摩擦系数0.05、初始间隙0.04 m。输入表1所示的地震波进行非线性时程分析,输入方向仅考虑顺桥向水平方向。
表2给出了在3种地震波输入下,两种工况中结构2号固定墩和3号活动墩墩底剪力与弯矩的结果比较。由表2可以看出,未采用质量转动缠绕索装置的原桥设计模型,在3种地震波输入下,固定墩的受力均远远大于活动墩的受力。固定墩与活动墩墩底弯矩的比值在Taft波作用下为6.6,在天津波作用下为20.9;剪力比值在Taft波作用下为7.6,在天津波作用下为23。采用质量转动缠绕索装置后,固定墩的地震响应明显降低,弯矩最大降低40.8%,剪力最大降低37.8%;活动墩的地震响应大幅增加,弯矩最大增幅为6.5倍,剪力最大增幅为5.4倍。固定墩与活动墩墩底的内力响应比值也降低至2左右。装置对于结构的减震效果与协同受力效果起到了明显作用。
图5为两种工况下,3条地震波作用下主梁梁端位移(2号固定墩墩顶位移)时程的对比曲线。可以看出,采用质量转动缠绕索装置后对结构梁端位移的控制会产生一定的效果,不同地震输入特性的地震波的控制效果有所不同,其中El⁃Centro波作用下,结构梁端位移减小约17%;Taft波作用下,结构梁端位移增加约0.9%;天津波作用下,结构梁端位移减小约41%。
由质量转动缠绕索装置的恢复力模型可以看出,装置是由转动轴两端附加质量块的转动惯性力作为缠绕索主动端的拉力,通过缠绕索的放大作用实现稳定的摩擦力,继而提供一个较大的被动端拉力。根据缠绕索机理和装置恢复力模型可以看出,附加质量、摩擦系数以及缠绕索缠绕圈数会对装置被动端拉力产生影响,且装置被动端拉力会随摩擦系数和缠绕索缠绕圈数的变化而发生指数性变化。另外,为使装置满足结构在正常运营状态下温度荷载等引起的缓慢变位的需求,需要给缠绕绳索一定初始松弛量。初始松弛量的设置需要综合考虑结构在正常状态下由温度、收缩、徐变、车辆制动力等荷载引起的变位需求,结合结构的地震响应规律所确定。因此,为了研究装置设计参数对结构地震响应及减震效果的影响,本文选取附加质量、摩擦系数以及缠绕索初始间隙三个参数进行分析。参数取值如表3所示。
附加质量按照表3所示参数取值,其他参数为:质量放大系数17、加速度阈值1 m/s2、缠绕圈数10圈、摩擦系数0.05、初始松弛间隙0.04 m。输入表1所示的地震波进行非线性时程分析,比较2号固定墩和3号活动墩墩底弯矩响应以及梁端位移响应。
图6所示的2号固定墩墩底弯矩随附加质量的变化可知:采用质量转动缠绕索装置后,随着附加质量的增加,质量转动缠绕索装置所提供的摩擦阻力越来越大,固定墩墩底弯矩地震响应随着附加质量的增加总体呈现出减小的趋势。在不同频谱特性的地震波输入下,结构地震响应随着附加质量的增加呈现出不同的变化趋势。其中,在Ⅱ类场地El⁃Centro波和Ⅲ类场地Taft波作用下,固定墩墩底弯矩地震响应受附加质量影响并不明显。在Ⅳ类场地天津波作用下,固定墩墩底弯矩响应受附加质量的影响较为明显,在附加质量为55200 kg时有一个明显的减小趋势,后呈现一个较大的增长趋势。但在不同频谱特性的地震波作用下,固定墩墩底弯矩响应均小于未采用质量转动缠绕索装置时的地震响应。结果表明,采用质量转动缠绕索装置的连续梁桥可以有效地降低固定墩的地震响应,但需要根据场地条件对附加质量的取值范围进行分析,以确保结构地震响应得到很好的控制。
图7可知,随着附加质量的增加,活动墩墩底弯矩均呈现逐步增加的趋势。说明随着附加质量的增加,所需激起装置的惯性力增大,在其他设计参数保持不变的前提下,进而通过摩擦轴引起的附加摩擦力也增大,活动墩以此摩擦力提供的刚度参与结构纵向受力也就更多。质量转动缠绕索装置可以很好地协同活动墩与固定墩之间的受力。
图8给出了梁端位移随附加质量的变化趋势,总体而言与墩底弯矩的变化类似,即对于不同的地震波输入,采用质量转动缠绕索装置后,结构的梁端位移响应值均小于未采用装置时的响应值。不同输入地震波特性的影响规律不同,在天津波作用下位移响应的变化趋势与El⁃Centro波和Taft波作用下不一致,随着附加质量的增加呈现先降后升的变化趋势。
摩擦系数按照表3所示参数取值,其他参数为:附加质量20000 kg、质量放大系数17、加速度阈值1 m/s2、缠绕圈数10圈、初始松弛间隙0.04 m。输入表1所示的地震波进行非线性时程分析,比较2号固定墩和3号活动墩墩底弯矩响应以及梁端位移响应。
图9所示的2号固定墩墩底弯矩随摩擦系数的变化可知:随着摩擦系数的增加,绳索与摩擦轴之间的摩擦耗能逐步增加,结构地震响应随着摩擦系数的增加总体呈现出下降的趋势。在不同频谱特性的地震波输入作用下,结构地震响应的总体变化趋势基本相似,但在Ⅱ类场地El⁃Centro波和Ⅲ类场地Taft波作用下,结构的地震响应随摩擦系数的变化并不十分明显,减震率均在15%左右;反而在Ⅳ类场地天津波作用下,结构的地震响应随摩擦系数的增加而降低的趋势较为明显,摩擦系数为0.05时的结构响应与未采用质量转动缠绕索装置的响应相比,结构地震响应减震率在35%左右。不同频谱特性的地震波输入作用下,结构地震响应随摩擦系数的增加均体现出一定的减震效果。
图10所示3号活动墩墩底弯矩随摩擦系数的变化可知:随着摩擦系数的增加,活动墩墩底弯矩均呈现逐步增加的趋势,且在3种地震波输入下的变化趋势基本相似。在摩擦系数取值为0.01~0.03时,曲线变化的幅度不大;当摩擦系数取值大于0.03时,曲线的变化幅度较大,说明摩擦系数对于活动墩的弯矩地震响应影响较大。
图11给出了梁端位移随摩擦系数的变化趋势,总体而言与墩底弯矩的变化类似,即对于不同的地震波输入,采用质量转动缠绕索装置后,结构的梁端位移响应值均小于未采用装置时的响应值。不同特性的地震波的影响规律不同,在El⁃Centro波和Taft波作用下,位移响应随着摩擦系数的增加呈现出逐步降低的趋势,曲线总体变化趋势较为平缓;而在天津波作用下,梁端位移响应随着摩擦系数增加的变化幅度较大,体现出了不同频谱特性地震波作用效应的不同。
初始松弛间隙按照表3所示参数取值,其他参数为:附加质量20000 kg、质量放大系数17、加速度阈值1 m/s2、缠绕圈数10圈、摩擦系数0.05。输入表1所示的地震波进行非线性时程分析,比较2号固定墩和3号活动墩墩底弯矩响应以及梁端位移响应。
图12所示的2号固定墩墩底弯矩随初始松弛间隙的变化可知:采用质量转动缠绕索装置后,随着初始松弛间隙的增加,在3种地震波输入下的2号固定墩墩底弯矩均呈现先升后降的变化趋势,即在质量转动缠绕索装置不设置初始间隙时,固定墩的地震响应最小,后随着初始间隙的增加,固定墩的地震响应逐渐增加,但弯矩总体随初始松弛间隙的变化并不明显,总体增幅在10%左右。说明初始间隙对于固定墩受力的影响并不十分明显。
图13所示3号活动墩墩底弯矩随初始松驰间隙的变化可知:随着初始松弛间隙的增加,活动墩墩底弯矩均呈现逐步增加的趋势,且在3种地震波输入下的变化趋势基本相似。当初始松弛间隙取值大于0.02时,曲线的变化幅度较为平缓,说明较大的初始松弛间隙对于活动墩的弯矩地震响应影响不太明显。
图14给出了梁端位移随初始松弛间隙的变化趋势。梁端位移随初始松弛间隙的变化趋势与墩底弯矩的变化趋势类似。
本文提出一种通过转动轴两端的附加质量块的转动惯性力作为缠绕索主动端拉力,从而提供给结构稳定的摩擦力,由此达到锁定及摩擦耗能作用的质量转动缠绕索装置。该装置既可以满足结构在正常运营状态下温度荷载等引起的缓慢变位需求,又可以达到在地震作用下各桥墩协同受力和限制位移的目的。基于一座三跨典型连续梁桥的数值模拟,探究了装置的协同受力与减震效果,得到以下结论:
(1)质量转动缠绕索装置对于改善固定墩受力,发挥活动墩抗震潜能,提升桥梁减震效果与协同受力效果起到了明显作用。
(2)附加质量对固定墩地震响应和活动墩分担上部结构纵向地震水平荷载的大小影响较为明显,不同频谱特性的地震波输入下,附加质量对结构的地震响应的影响效果不同,需要进一步研究地震动频谱特性对质量转动缠绕索装置的地震响应的影响规律。
(3)结构地震响应随着摩擦系数的增加总体呈现降低的趋势,从固定墩墩底地震响应减震的角度来看,摩擦系数宜取较大值,但需要注意活动墩的受力情况,避免造成活动墩的损伤。设计时,需结合连续梁桥总体地震性能和地震输入确定最优的摩擦系数的取值。
(4)对于等墩高规则连续梁而言,在考虑常规荷载作用下结构变位需求的基础上,质量转动缠绕索装置的初始间隙对于结构减震效果以及活动墩的协同受力效果的影响并不十分明显,因此,初始间隙取值范围可以比较宽泛。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51778022)
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2024年第37卷第11期
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doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.11.003
  • 接收时间:2022-10-08
  • 首发时间:2026-02-12
  • 出版时间:2024-11-28
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  • 收稿日期:2022-10-08
  • 修回日期:2023-01-09
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51778022)
作者信息
    1北京工业大学建筑工程学院,北京 100124
    2中国交通建设股份有限公司,北京 100088
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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