Article(id=1228653352196698383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228653350485422347, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.10.005, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1700409600000, receivedDateStr=2023-11-20, revisedDate=1706716800000, revisedDateStr=2024-02-01, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1770863386439, onlineDateStr=2026-02-12, pubDate=1730044800000, pubDateStr=2024-10-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1770863386439, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-12, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1770863386439, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770863386439, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1228653350485422347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, year='2024', volume='37', issue='10', pageStart='1625', pageEnd='1802', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1770863386031, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770863862999, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1228655351092936954, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228653350485422347, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1228655351092936955, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228653350485422347, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1679, endPage=1687, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1228653352410607889, articleId=1228653352196698383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, language=EN, title=Online replication control technique for continuous vibration loads, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Vibration Engineering, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

A novel vibration method,the master-slave distributed vibration test method,was proposed. Aiming at its control requirements,an online waveform replication technique for vibration loads was developed and an integrative prototype system with measuring and controlling functions was constructed. Therein,a signal processing method of frame segmentation and reconstruction was proposed for solve the problem that time waveform replication for long-duration continuous vibration loads. A method for dynamic transfer function estimation based on sample database construction and weighted average was proposed to reduce the influence of nonlinear property on control precision. A spectrum correction method was introduced to improve the frequency domain control accuracy. A test with 1 master vibrator and 2 slave vibrators was performed using the developed online vibration load replication control technique,and the results show that the technique has a high replication precision in both time domain and frequency domain,has a subsecond overall delay time,and has a subpercent overall root-mean-square error. The technique can provide a key technique for supporting online distributed vibration tests.

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提出一种主从分布式振动试验方法,建立了连续振动载荷在线复现控制技术,研制了系统样机。其中,提出一种信号分帧处理与重构技术,解决了长时连续振动载荷的在线波形复现难题;提出一种基于多量级样本库构建与加权平均的传递函数动态估计方法,抑制了系统非线性对控制精度的影响;采用谱误差反馈修正方法,改善了系统的频域控制精度。开展了“1主2从”联台试验,结果表明:时域和频域控制精度良好,整体延迟时间在亚秒量级,全程总均方根值误差在1%以内,为主从分布式振动试验提供了关键技术支撑。

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毛勇建(1976―),男,博士,研究员。E-mail:
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严侠(1977—),男,硕士,高级工程师。E-mail:

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ArticleFig(id=1228653375684801515, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228653352196698383, language=CN, label=图6, caption=振动台1的复现结果, figureFileSmall=m+g45zIJpjWS1LNXqMOj8w==, figureFileBig=pIwWVdx5qZ0/HBWMKB5Gzw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228653375785464816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228653352196698383, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Replication results of shaking table 2, figureFileSmall=iQ6SQmO5+c+QWN+l3ZzHjA==, figureFileBig=u7e4sEKXCDAI6e3k29N9yQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228653375894516725, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228653352196698383, language=CN, label=图7, caption=振动台2的复现结果, figureFileSmall=iQ6SQmO5+c+QWN+l3ZzHjA==, figureFileBig=u7e4sEKXCDAI6e3k29N9yQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228653375978402809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228653352196698383, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Delay time of replication loads(Unit:s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
振动台算法固有延迟实测其他延迟总延迟
振动台10.90.04040.9404
振动台20.90.03610.9361
), ArticleFig(id=1228653376049705981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228653352196698383, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

复现载荷延迟时间(单位:s)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
振动台算法固有延迟实测其他延迟总延迟
振动台10.90.04040.9404
振动台20.90.03610.9361
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连续振动载荷在线复现控制技术研究
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严侠 , 王军评 , 毛勇建 , 邓婷
振动工程学报 | 2024,37(10): 1679-1687
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振动工程学报 | 2024, 37(10): 1679-1687
连续振动载荷在线复现控制技术研究
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严侠 , 王军评, 毛勇建 , 邓婷
作者信息
  • 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所,四川 绵阳 621999
  • 严侠(1977—),男,硕士,高级工程师。E-mail:

通讯作者:

毛勇建(1976―),男,博士,研究员。E-mail:
Online replication control technique for continuous vibration loads
Xia YAN , Jun-ping WANG, Yong-jian MAO , Ting DENG
Affiliations
  • Institute of Systems Engineering,China Academy of Engineering Physics,Mianyang 621999,China
出版时间: 2024-10-28 doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.10.005
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提出一种主从分布式振动试验方法,建立了连续振动载荷在线复现控制技术,研制了系统样机。其中,提出一种信号分帧处理与重构技术,解决了长时连续振动载荷的在线波形复现难题;提出一种基于多量级样本库构建与加权平均的传递函数动态估计方法,抑制了系统非线性对控制精度的影响;采用谱误差反馈修正方法,改善了系统的频域控制精度。开展了“1主2从”联台试验,结果表明:时域和频域控制精度良好,整体延迟时间在亚秒量级,全程总均方根值误差在1%以内,为主从分布式振动试验提供了关键技术支撑。

主从分布式振动试验  /  振动控制  /  在线波形复现  /  传递函数  /  分帧与重构  /  多量级随机信号驱动

A novel vibration method,the master-slave distributed vibration test method,was proposed. Aiming at its control requirements,an online waveform replication technique for vibration loads was developed and an integrative prototype system with measuring and controlling functions was constructed. Therein,a signal processing method of frame segmentation and reconstruction was proposed for solve the problem that time waveform replication for long-duration continuous vibration loads. A method for dynamic transfer function estimation based on sample database construction and weighted average was proposed to reduce the influence of nonlinear property on control precision. A spectrum correction method was introduced to improve the frequency domain control accuracy. A test with 1 master vibrator and 2 slave vibrators was performed using the developed online vibration load replication control technique,and the results show that the technique has a high replication precision in both time domain and frequency domain,has a subsecond overall delay time,and has a subpercent overall root-mean-square error. The technique can provide a key technique for supporting online distributed vibration tests.

master-slave distributed vibration test  /  vibration control  /  online waveform replication  /  transfer function  /  frame segmentation and reconstruction  /  multi-level random signal driving
严侠, 王军评, 毛勇建, 邓婷. 连续振动载荷在线复现控制技术研究. 振动工程学报, 2024 , 37 (10) : 1679 -1687 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.10.005
Xia YAN, Jun-ping WANG, Yong-jian MAO, Ting DENG. Online replication control technique for continuous vibration loads[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering, 2024 , 37 (10) : 1679 -1687 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.10.005
振动试验是研究、验证、考核产品环境适应性和可靠性的重要手段,在工程中应用广泛并受到高度重视1-3。在工程实践中,经常会遇到复杂产品中含多种相互影响的危险品,从而不允许或不便于将所有组件集成为整机进行环境激励并同时进行性能考核的情况,最典型的就是常规武器战斗部的引信、炸药以及其他危险品。对此,传统的做法是:采用代用品制成模拟组件进行集成试验,在此基础上对真实组件进行单独试验。由此带来三个方面的问题:一是试验串行开展,效率低,周期长;二是真实组件的载荷条件往往通过频谱包络而成,一定程度上造成试验量级提高和谱形改变,有损真实性;三是当各组件间有电气联系和耦合时,串行试验无法在振动环境下实现全系统性能联试和考核。
为了解决上述问题,本文提出一种主从分布式振动试验方法,如图1所示。该方法在整机中安装模拟组件以代替危险组件,施加既定振动载荷条件开展整机试验;测量各模拟组件上测点的响应,通过信号采集和传输,输入到振动载荷复现控制系统,作为真实组件的载荷条件,进行振动载荷在线复现控制,从而达到一次性考核真实组件的目的;同时,整机系统、真实组件的电气信号直接或间接交互,完成功能性能联试。上述整机试验系统定义为主振系统,真实组件试验系统定义为从振系统(或子振系统),一个主振系统与若干子振系统构成主从分布式试验系统。
由此可见,该方法通过信号采集与传输,高保真地给出组件的振动环境条件并在线地实施加载,进行功能性能联试,在振动环境激励下完成功能性能考核。相比传统振动试验,该方法对组件施加的载荷条件更加真实,功能性能考核也更加全面,试验效率更高,展示性更强。
在上述试验方法中,振动载荷的在线复现(即时域波形复现)是关键。当前关于时域波形复现的研究较多,主要集中在以下几类。第一类是短时的时域波形复现,如严侠等4、许国山等5、Shen等6、Guan等7、Sheng等8、Guo等9-10对地震加速度信号的波形复现,波形时长在1~10 s量级;Allen11以冲击响应谱(Shock Response Spectrum,SRS)为目标的短时时域波形复现,波形时长在0.1~1 s量级;高大威等12对路谱的时域波形复现,波形时长在100 s量级;廖洋等13对某些产品可靠性试验的振动载荷时域波形复现,波形时长在10 s量级;Roos等14对收割机振动载荷的时域波形复现,波形时长在10 s量级。上述波形复现的特点是时间较短,最长的也只有100 s量级,振动载荷时域信号可以一体发送、一体控制,通过离线迭代修正等方法达到需要精度。第二类是长时周期性时域波形,如Hachisuka等15对非正弦周期信号的复现,这一类波形虽然时间较长,但因为是周期性的,对未来的信号可预知,控制难度相对较小。第三类是长时非周期性时域波形,因为时间太长,以至于不能以整个目标信号为试验周期进行迭代、加载,必须采用分段或分帧并进行搭接的技术来实现。其中,根据具体的情况有不同的做法,如陈家焱等16是对信号分段,分别迭代形成驱动信号,然后再对驱动信号进行搭接,形成整体驱动信号,一体发送实现波形复现;邓婷等17针对功率谱密度(Power Spectra Density,PSD)谱形不变、量级变化的长时非平稳随机振动载荷,采用分帧和帧搭接方法,对载荷边控制边处理(控制谱形、调整量级),最终完成整体波形复现。
综上所述,对于传统时域波形复现的目标载荷,无论是短时的还是长时的,其特点都是事先已知的,均可通过离线的反复迭代修正达到一定精度后再实施复现。而本文所述的振动载荷复现,针对的是在线测得的、事先未知的长时连续振动载荷,无法通过事前离线迭代修正获得高的复现精度。
为此,本文在已有研究18-19的基础上,提出信号分帧处理与重构方法、传递函数动态估计方法,采用谱误差反馈修正技术,建立了集在线测量、在线通信、在线控制于一体的振动载荷在线复现控制技术,并研制了样机系统,为主从分布式振动试验提供了关键技术支撑。该技术无需预试验、无需逐级加载即可直接启动满量级载荷复现,具有在线性、快速性、连续性的特点。
振动载荷在线复现控制系统由3个部分组成,如图2所示。具体如下:
(1)测试机:用于采集主振系统中组件相关测点的加速度响应信号,作为待复现目标载荷,通过光纤实时传输给复现控制机。
(2)控制机:用于接收测试机传来的待复现目标载荷,同时采集子振系统控制点信号,通过分帧与帧搭接、FFT滤波处理、目标谱计算、驱动帧信号计算与加窗、驱动帧信号拼接与输出等处理,在线循环完成目标载荷的复现控制。
(3)上位机:用于安装振动载荷在线复现控制软件,通过以太网通信对控制机进行控制。
由此可见,振动载荷在线复现控制系统和传统的控制系统类似,独立于振动台及功放、试验件、测试传感器及二次仪表之外,可作为相对独立、通用的设备,将主振系统上特定位置的实测载荷在线地复现到子振系统中。需要强调的是,本文研究的是子振系统的控制问题,并且按照前文设计,每一子振系统由一套载荷复现控制系统控制,因此后文相关讨论均是针对某一子振系统的载荷复现控制。
基于上述载荷复现控制系统的结构特点和控制需求,需要在算法设计中解决以下两个方面的问题18。一是长时连续振动信号因数据量过大,无法像地震载荷等短时波形复现那样被一次性地处理4-10,也无法像路谱载荷等离线长时波形复现那样进行离线迭代处理,生成驱动信号拼接发送16。对此,本文提出一种信号分帧处理与重构技术,将在线测得的长时连续振动信号截断为一定长度的短信号(帧),通过帧搭接等处理和转换,重构为长时连续驱动信号。二是控制精度问题,提出一种基于多量级样本库加权的传递函数动态估计方法,抑制了系统非线性的影响;采用谱误差反馈修正方法,改善了载荷的频域控制精度。
图3所示,将测试机采集的连续振动加速度信号实时传输至控制机,以当前帧(第k帧)为研究对象,连同其前1帧(第k-1帧)和后0.5帧(第k+0.5帧),组成2.5帧信号进行FFT滤波(即频域加矩形窗处理),剔除带外信号,形成目标载荷。然后,采用与目标帧载荷量级对应的动态传递函数将这2.5帧载荷信号转化为驱动信号,取其中第k帧作为驱动帧信号进行重构并发送。如此循环,便形成了连续的驱动信号。由图3易见,由于滤波的边缘效应,其起始部分和结尾部分均会有一定程度的失真,只有中间部分保真度较高,这就是采用2.5帧信号搭接处理并取中间帧作为驱动信号的原因。对第k帧信号,需要采集完第k+0.5帧信号后才能完成搭接、滤波等处理,然后再转换为驱动信号并发送。因此,在不考虑其他延时因素的情况下,仅分帧处理与重构算法带来的延迟就是1.5帧。设帧长度为L(采样点数),采样频率为fs,则算法延时为1.5L/fs
实际的振动系统或多或少存在一定的非线性,其传递函数将随载荷量级的变化而变化。因此,为准确估计系统传递函数,本文提出一种基于多量级样本库构建与加权平均的传递函数动态估计方法。该方法具体分为两个部分,第一是建立对应不同载荷量级的传递函数样本库,第二是根据目标帧载荷具体量级,由样本库中各量级传递函数加权平均,得到相应的动态传递函数。
试验前,通过主振系统预试验或预判可以获得最大响应信号均方根值。以此为基准,按照-6,-5,-4,-3,-2,-1,0 dB量级分别进行传递函数估计。具体地,采用7组不同量级随机驱动信号激励子振系统,同步采集控制点加速度响应信号,则可获得7组相对应的驱动信号xit)(i=0,1,…,6)、响应信号以及响应信号均方根(Root Mean Square,RMS)值:
式中  Ng为采样点数,此处具体指第i组响应数据的点数。这里,随机驱动信号也用频谱表征(单位为V2/Hz),其谱线形状(而非量值)与待复现载荷参考谱(单位为g2/Hz)一致。
根据7组驱动信号和响应信号,得到7个传递函数样本,形成样本库:
式中  表示载荷量级系数,约定:时载荷量级为0 dB,时载荷量级为-1 dB,…,时载荷量级为-6 dB;为第i个载荷量级下的系统输入;为第i个载荷量级下的系统输出。
前文所述传递函数样本库中只有7个载荷量级对应的样本,无法对应到任意载荷量级。对此,采用样本库加权平均的思想来估计任意载荷量级对应的动态传递函数,其权值由载荷量级接近程度确定,接近的权值取大一些,远离的权值取小一些,即采用“载荷量级越接近,传递函数样本贡献越大”的原则来估计当前目标帧的动态传递函数,从而减少系统非线性的影响。由此,构建动态传递函数计算公式如下:
有必要指出,对于动态传递函数计算而言,式(3)只是满足“载荷量级越接近,传递函数样本贡献越大”原则的表达式之一,并非是唯一表达式。式(3)中各权系数rii=0,1,…,6)由当前帧目标均方根与样本库构建时0 dB响应均方根值的关系确定。这里目标均方根的表达式同式(1),只是采样点数Ng变为Nf,即第k帧响应数据的点数。
则构建各权系数计算公式为:
(1)当-0.5 dB<20lg(Rrefk)/)≤0.5 dB时,取:载荷量级系数(载荷量级0 dB);主权系数;次权系数;次次权系数;再次权系数
(2)当时,取:载荷量级系数(载荷量级-1 dB);主权系数;次权系数;次次权系数;再次权系数
(3)当时,取:载荷量级系数(载荷量级-2 dB);主权系数;次权系数;次次权系数;再次权系数
(4)当时,取:载荷量级系数(载荷量级-3 dB);主权系数;次权系数;次次权系数;再次权系数
(5)当时,取:载荷量级系数(载荷量级-4 dB);主权系数;次权系数;次次权系数;再次权系数
(6)当时,取:载荷量级系数(载荷量级-5 dB);主权系数;次权系数=(4/13);次次权系数;再次权系数
(7)当时,取:载荷量级系数(载荷量级-6 dB);主权系数;次权系数;次次权系数;再次权系数
需要注意的是,上述权系数构建也是对“载荷量级越接近,传递函数样本贡献越大”原则的进一步贯彻,其表达式也并非是唯一的。本文在构建过程中主权系数取得较高,为0.6~0.8,其余基本按载荷每差一量级、权系数递减50%考虑,最终保证每一载荷量级的权系数(乘以使用次数)之和为1即可。
根据动态传递函数和目标载荷,可以计算得到振动驱动信号Dkt)。为提高控制谱精度,采用在频域加误差窗函数20的方法进行修正。误差窗函数的计算公式为:
式中  为目标谱;为控制谱(系统输出);为修正因子,。则修正后的驱动信号为:
根据上述算法要点,设计了如图4所示的连续振动载荷在线复现控制算法流程,其主要步骤如下:
(1)试验准备:包括系统参数设置、传递函数样本库构建等。
(2)信号采集:测试机连续采集主振系统相关测点的振动加速度信号,并实时传输至控制机。
(3)信号处理:由控制机对信号分帧并进行帧搭接,对当前帧及其前1帧和后0.5帧信号进行FFT滤波处理,剔除带外信号,则经滤波后的2.5帧信号为目标载荷
(4)驱动帧信号计算与加窗:利用动态传递函数将目标载荷转化为目标谱,再通过加误差窗函数处理,得到2.5帧驱动信号
(5)驱动帧信号拼接与输出:将计算得到的2.5帧驱动信号剔除前1帧和后0.5帧,取当前帧精确、定时地严格连续输出至子振系统。
采用如图5所示的“1主2从”联台试验方法,通过传统振动控制器对振动台0上的某整机产品(由外壳和组件1、组件2构成)施加10~2000 Hz的振动载荷;通过复现控制系统1将振动台0上的目标载荷1复现到振动台1的组件1上的对应点,同时将振动台0上的目标载荷2复现到组件2上的对应点。其中测试机与控制机之间的光纤长度约为70 m。
图6为振动台1的复现结果。其中,图6(a)为实测的子振系统1的传递函数样本,可见不同载荷量级对应的传递函数有所不同,这说明考虑系统非线性是必要的;但其随载荷量级变化的规律性不够明显,这是由系统非线性及测试、计算等误差综合所致,与实际工程中现象一致。图6(b)为目标载荷与复现载荷的时域加速度波形对比及其局部放大情况;图6(c)为对应于图6(b)局部放大图所在时间段的PSD谱对比情况。易见,时域加速度波形曲线吻合较好,频域PSD谱幅值误差也较小,振动载荷复现精度较高。此外,还统计了均方根值复现误差,这里均方根计算方法有两种,一种是时域法(由时间历程曲线直接统计计算),如式(1)所示,另一种是频域法(由PSD谱计算)。图6(d)给出了由两种方法计算的均方根加速度时间历程对比情况。易见,无论是时域法还是频域法,得到的复现载荷与目标载荷均方根加速度全程都吻合较好,特别是载荷相对稳定时段(t=90~200 s),前者偏差在2%以内,后者偏差在4%以内。值得关注的是,时域法和频域法得到的均方根加速度时间历程具有一定区别,前者变化陡峭,后者变化平缓。这是因为前者直接由加速度时间历程曲线按帧统计得到,而后者由PSD谱计算得到,不仅当前帧数据有贡献,并且当前帧之前的数据也有一定权重的贡献,均方根加速度曲线具有类似“移动平均”的特点,因此变化更加平缓。
另经统计,复现载荷的全程总均方根误差E为0.050%,其计算公式如下式所示:
式中  NT为全程采样点数;resj为复现载荷的第j个数据;refj为目标载荷的第j个数据。全程总均方根值误差之所以比图6(d)所示均方根值误差要小一些,是因为在整个时间历程内进行了平均。
振动台2的复现结果如图7所示。总的说来,由于组件2较组件1结构更加复杂,因此其振动响应也更加复杂,这就导致图7所示结果较图6有较大变化。具体地,图7(a)所示系统传递函数在频域上呈现出更多的波动,不同载荷量级对应的传递函数差异也更大;图7(b)所示加速度时间历程也呈现出更多的高阶谐波响应,复现效果稍逊于前者;图7(c)所示PSD谱复现效果也稍逊于前者;图7(d)中,采用两种方法计算的t=90~200 s时段的均方根复现误差分别在6%和10%以内。经统计,振动台2复现载荷的总均方根误差为0.22%,仍然较小,但大于振动台1的复现误差。由此可见,受结构特性的影响,对复杂结构局部载荷的复现难度要大一些,精度要低一些。
表1给出了两组复现载荷的延迟时间。根据第3节所述的载荷复现控制算法,算法固有延迟时间为1.5帧,试验中单帧设置为6000采样点,采样频率为10 kHz,则1帧时长为6000×10-4 s=0.6 s,固有延迟时间为1.5×0.6 s=0.9 s;实测其他(如系统响应、信号传输等)延迟在400个采样点左右,则响应延迟时间约为400×10-4 s=0.04 s(该时间可能随系统的变化而有少许变化,前期空台测试大多在0.02 s左右)。综上,联台实测振动载荷复现的总延迟时间约为0.94 s。
以上两组振动载荷复现结果表明,与目标载荷相比,复现载荷的加速度时间历程、PSD谱、均方根加速度时间历程以及全程总均方根值都具有较高的精度,延迟时间在亚秒量级。
此外,安装在一起的两个组件,理论上具有一定的相关性,但本文复现载荷所用两套控制系统并未建立相关性。这是因为在试验设计中,组件的夹具要通过等效设计,使组件在整机中和夹具上的振动载荷及其边界条件都有一定等效性,这就保证了一定的相关性。再者,本案例未涉及电气性能的耦合,事实上,若组件1、组件2及整机之间有电气方面的联系,但在整机中又不便一起安装、一起联试(如点火系统与雷管、炸药等),则分布式振动试验就可以实现振动条件下的电气功能耦合考核,更显该试验方法的优势。
本文针对某些复杂产品含有多种相互影响的危险品,不能按真实状态开展集成振动试验的一类情况,提出了一种主从分布式振动试验方法,建立了其中最关键的连续振动载荷在线复现控制技术,并完成了控制系统样机集成,取得了较好的复现控制效果。这些工作不仅为主从分布式振动试验提供了关键技术支撑,也为其他领域的振动载荷波形复现控制提供了参考。
进一步地,为更好地实现工程应用,本文工作还可在以下两个方面进一步深入。一是缩短延迟时间。前述0.94 s左右的延迟时间,可以实现一般情况下的振动载荷在线复现加载、功能性能在线联试;但对于产品功能性能时变性强、对同步性要求高的情况,延迟时间必须进一步缩短。根据本文算法,如果将单帧数据采样点数减少,可有效缩短延迟时间,但这又会牺牲一定的控制精度。因此,未来需要根据试验需求(特别是功能性能耦合考核的同步性需求)做整体性的优化。二是进一步提高传递函数的“动态性”。本文算法中的“动态”传递函数,是指根据当前帧的载荷量级从传递函数样本库中读取数据并自动进行加权平均;但样本库本身是不变的,这对动力学特性比较稳定的产品是适用的,但对产品动力学特性容易变化且需进行长时间试验的情况,就需要在试验进程中实时辨识、更新传递函数库,进一步提高传递函数的“动态性”。
  • 国防技术基础重点项目(JSHS2018212C001)
  • 中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所快响项目(2021KX11)
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2024年第37卷第10期
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doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.10.005
  • 接收时间:2023-11-20
  • 首发时间:2026-02-12
  • 出版时间:2024-10-28
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  • 收稿日期:2023-11-20
  • 修回日期:2024-02-01
基金
国防技术基础重点项目(JSHS2018212C001)
中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所快响项目(2021KX11)
作者信息
    中国工程物理研究院总体工程研究所,四川 绵阳 621999

通讯作者:

毛勇建(1976―),男,博士,研究员。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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