Article(id=1228295923957170930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228295917908980268, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.03.013, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1690473600000, receivedDateStr=2023-07-28, revisedDate=1697126400000, revisedDateStr=2023-10-13, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1770778168905, onlineDateStr=2026-02-11, pubDate=1741536000000, pubDateStr=2025-03-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1770778168905, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-11, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1770778168905, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770778168905, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1228295917908980268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, year='2025', volume='38', issue='3', pageStart='449', pageEnd='662', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1770778167464, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770949125482, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1229012967862235389, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228295917908980268, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1229012967862235390, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228295917908980268, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=567, endPage=578, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1228295924284326656, articleId=1228295923957170930, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, language=EN, title=Seismic performance comparison of different station-bridge combination systems under transverse earthquakes, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Vibration Engineering, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to compare the seismic performance of different station-bridge combination systems under transverse seismic action,this paper takes an actual station-bridge separation system as the research object,designs a station-bridge integrated system combined with the actual situation,considers the nonlinear effect of bridge piers and supports,and the nonlinear sliding friction effect between expanded foundation,gravel cushion and metro station roof. A three-dimensional nonlinear dynamic model is established by using the finite element software MIDAS/Civil,and the dynamic response and pier damage of the composite system of two different stations and bridges under the cross-bridge seismic input are studied. The results show that under the unusual seismic lateral input,compared with the station-bridge integrated system,the station-bridge separation system can prolong the structural period and effectively reduce the dynamic response of the pier bottom and the supporting column of metro station. For the two combined station-bridge systems,the internal force response of the supporting column corresponding to the position of the pier is greater than that of other ordinary supporting columns. Under the lateral seismic input of the rare earthquake,compared with the stationbridge integrated system,the station-bridge separation system appears later in the plastic state,the final damage degree is lighter,the time of the support entering the nonlinear stage is later,and the overall deformation of the bridge pier is smaller. The seismic performance of the station and bridge separation system is better under the transverse earthquake action. However,in the actual project,attention should be paid to the increase of internal force caused by the transverse frame effect of the subway support column and the limit of the bridge foundation slip.

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为对比横向地震作用下不同站桥组合体系的抗震性能,以某实际站桥分离体系为研究对象,结合实际情况设计站桥合一体系,考虑桥墩、支座非线性以及桥梁扩大基础-碎石垫层-地铁车站顶板之间的非线性滑动摩擦效应,利用有限元软件MIDAS/Civil建立其三维非线性动力模型,研究横桥向地震输入下两种工况不同站桥组合体系的动力响应与桥墩损伤。结果表明:在横向罕遇地震输入下,相较于站桥合一体系,站桥分离体系可延长结构周期,有效减小桥墩墩底与地铁车站支撑柱的动力响应,对于两种站桥组合体系,桥墩位置对应地铁车站支撑柱的内力响应大于其他普通支撑柱;在横向超罕遇地震输入下,相较于站桥合一体系,站桥分离体系出现塑性状态的时间更晚,最终损伤程度更轻,支座进入非线性阶段的时间靠后,桥墩整体变形也更小。在横向地震作用下,站桥分离体系抗震性能更为优良,但在实际工程中应该注意地铁车站支撑柱的横向框架效应导致的内力增加与桥梁基础滑移的限位。

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刘能文(1970—),男,学士,教授级高级工程师。E-mail:
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焦驰宇(1980—),男,博士,教授。E-mail:

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注:混凝土本构模型;为混凝土抗拉强度;为无约束混凝土抗压强度;为约束混凝土强度;εt为混凝土抗拉应变;εco为约束混凝土峰值压应变;εcp为无约束混凝土的极限应变;εcc为约束混凝土应变;Ec为混凝土切线模量;Esec为混凝土割线模量。钢筋本构模型:fy为钢筋屈服强度;ε0为钢筋屈服应变;E1为钢筋初始刚度;E2为钢筋屈服后刚度。

, figureFileSmall=sNq9TXodPwo36AsVU5SUmg==, figureFileBig=zzF8KJbce7ZBSYz7dcV8tg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312960343405065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Schematic diagram of part of soil spring in subway station, figureFileSmall=4GzsVbzPx4cyRLjveuWgXQ==, figureFileBig=hrlymZOb97w94fOWrON1rw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312960444068367, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=CN, label=图6, caption=地铁车站部分土弹簧示意图, figureFileSmall=4GzsVbzPx4cyRLjveuWgXQ==, figureFileBig=hrlymZOb97w94fOWrON1rw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312960582480406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Load schematic diagram of subway station, figureFileSmall=8ZmJ/e+27Qgt8b1oHB6/Jg==, figureFileBig=wqITR3bmHQyvZ2adfFq/HA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312960800584218, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=CN, label=图7, caption=地铁车站荷载示意图, figureFileSmall=8ZmJ/e+27Qgt8b1oHB6/Jg==, figureFileBig=wqITR3bmHQyvZ2adfFq/HA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312960959967781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Mechanical properties of Bouc-Wen spring, figureFileSmall=XVDVDSnAKcDNMEhOeFnapA==, figureFileBig=BptDk/Ax98qgrIc0SeQvXw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312961077408300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=CN, label=图8, caption=Bouc-Wen弹簧力学特性

注:k1为弹性刚度;k2为屈服后刚度;r为屈服后刚度和弹性刚度之比。

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figureFileBig=PcEjvcMNOfJ9p+pjHAOX0w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312961551364679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=CN, label=图10, caption=选取的地震动时程曲线, figureFileSmall=MFRSV1/B1X9XeMRoMXyKUA==, figureFileBig=PcEjvcMNOfJ9p+pjHAOX0w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312961668805196, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=Typical vibration modes of station-bridge separation structure, figureFileSmall=yYwe4lMYMbjNp+rkbSoyGA==, figureFileBig=jC0fjoLlkNFyGSAgmxJpAQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312961798828624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=CN, label=图11, caption=站桥分离结构典型振型, figureFileSmall=yYwe4lMYMbjNp+rkbSoyGA==, figureFileBig=jC0fjoLlkNFyGSAgmxJpAQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312961928852055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=Typical vibration modes of station-bridge integrated structure, figureFileSmall=svxcmndpiVeEzaM/5PMGGQ==, figureFileBig=Q8CH+qIsLGK7e15RVro/NQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312962063069788, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=CN, label=图12, caption=站桥合一结构典型振型, figureFileSmall=svxcmndpiVeEzaM/5PMGGQ==, figureFileBig=Q8CH+qIsLGK7e15RVro/NQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312962172121698, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=Number of piers and subway station support columns, figureFileSmall=WKdAAd/KfLbwPquoP4VWPA==, figureFileBig=YJP2/E+7d5PHNkjOQAOieg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312962327310953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=CN, label=图13, caption=桥墩与地铁车站支撑柱编号, figureFileSmall=WKdAAd/KfLbwPquoP4VWPA==, figureFileBig=YJP2/E+7d5PHNkjOQAOieg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312962461528687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=EN, label=Fig.14, caption=Dynamic response of pier bottom, figureFileSmall=TND78E79XRC7ENyhWqr6Wg==, figureFileBig=OJ3Dv6Iwg7WjzvsGEgjuYA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312962541220468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=CN, label=图14, caption=桥墩墩底动力响应, figureFileSmall=TND78E79XRC7ENyhWqr6Wg==, figureFileBig=OJ3Dv6Iwg7WjzvsGEgjuYA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312962654466681, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=EN, label=Fig.15, caption=Dynamic response of supporting columns in subway station, figureFileSmall=rpJCpAu0vu0z4IvwcRHRVQ==, figureFileBig=06mU3C1B+BZWrceMk3OqRQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312962750935680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=CN, label=图15, caption=地铁车站支撑柱动力响应, figureFileSmall=rpJCpAu0vu0z4IvwcRHRVQ==, figureFileBig=06mU3C1B+BZWrceMk3OqRQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312962851598979, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=EN, label=Fig.16, caption=Plastic state change process of station-bridge separation system under El-Centro wave, figureFileSmall=oFQ0lKkPP5Lb88IsvJ/H2Q==, figureFileBig=dTAwtC5OX+yWTtv8Da3QrQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312962990011019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=CN, label=图16, caption=站桥分离体系在El-Centro波下的塑性状态变化过程, figureFileSmall=oFQ0lKkPP5Lb88IsvJ/H2Q==, figureFileBig=dTAwtC5OX+yWTtv8Da3QrQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312963086480016, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=EN, label=Fig.17, caption=Plastic state change process of station-bridge integration system under El-Centro wave, figureFileSmall=xXVbh+TR9Jrb5F3sLIb+Kg==, figureFileBig=DXuAb37kBcRnEIAbYGxVgg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312963208114837, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=CN, label=图17, caption=站桥合一体系在El-Centro波下的塑性状态变化过程, figureFileSmall=xXVbh+TR9Jrb5F3sLIb+Kg==, figureFileBig=DXuAb37kBcRnEIAbYGxVgg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312963329749656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=EN, label=Fig.18, caption=Hysteresis curves of support of station-bridge separation system, figureFileSmall=rdNcgQ0o0N7LPw3+j6CDbQ==, figureFileBig=tXDXfA6GOUBLkbGI4n/sog==, tableContent=null), 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articleId=1228295923957170930, language=EN, label=Fig.20, caption=Deformation time-history curves of 3# pier, figureFileSmall=4trtgHLT5fC7CUBtuedV2w==, figureFileBig=5mlbOelVqLy7oMbMh6OVwA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312966995571383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=CN, label=图20, caption=3#墩变形时程曲线, figureFileSmall=4trtgHLT5fC7CUBtuedV2w==, figureFileBig=5mlbOelVqLy7oMbMh6OVwA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312967092040382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=EN, label=Fig.21, caption=Foundation slip time-history curves of 3# pier, figureFileSmall=4oENIA0Ot7TGLZqMN+P1gg==, figureFileBig=EGxIJ+3k8DMPPYxB5Amt8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312967209480900, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=CN, label=图21, caption=3#墩基础滑移时程曲线, figureFileSmall=4oENIA0Ot7TGLZqMN+P1gg==, figureFileBig=EGxIJ+3k8DMPPYxB5Amt8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312967310144200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=EN, label=Fig.22, caption=Energy dissipation principle of pier, figureFileSmall=mSsBYVLwkr0i0eN6tfYyYw==, figureFileBig=PVKxH9LrbgBzpSJt/XLFSQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312967415001806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=CN, label=图22, caption=桥墩耗能原理, figureFileSmall=mSsBYVLwkr0i0eN6tfYyYw==, figureFileBig=PVKxH9LrbgBzpSJt/XLFSQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228312967519859411, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Simulation parameters of the support

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数数值
支座位置1#墩/4#2#墩/3#
支座型号GPZ(KZ)4DXGPZ(KZ)10GD
竖向承载力P/kN400010000
屈服强度Fy/kN8002000
弹性刚度k/(kN∙m-1)10000000
屈服后刚度和弹性刚度之比r0.001
屈服指数s50
滞后循环参数a0.5
滞后循环参数b0.5
), ArticleFig(id=1228312967637299925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

支座模拟参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数数值
支座位置1#墩/4#2#墩/3#
支座型号GPZ(KZ)4DXGPZ(KZ)10GD
竖向承载力P/kN400010000
屈服强度Fy/kN8002000
弹性刚度k/(kN∙m-1)10000000
屈服后刚度和弹性刚度之比r0.001
屈服指数s50
滞后循环参数a0.5
滞后循环参数b0.5
), ArticleFig(id=1228312967729574615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Stiffness setting of “soil spring”

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
标号位置SDx/(kN∙m-1)SDy/(kN∙m-1)SDz/(kN∙m-1)
侧墙2857857140
侧墙-顶板连接处2857857140
侧墙-顶板连接截断处3×1053×1050
顶板截断处3×105100000
底板1×1060106
侧墙-底板连接处2857857143×106
侧墙-底板连接截断处3×1053×1053×106
底板截断处3×105100001×106
), ArticleFig(id=1228312969134666457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

“土弹簧”刚度设置

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
标号位置SDx/(kN∙m-1)SDy/(kN∙m-1)SDz/(kN∙m-1)
侧墙2857857140
侧墙-顶板连接处2857857140
侧墙-顶板连接截断处3×1053×1050
顶板截断处3×105100000
底板1×1060106
侧墙-底板连接处2857857143×106
侧墙-底板连接截断处3×1053×1053×106
底板截断处3×105100001×106
), ArticleFig(id=1228312969285661410, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Simulation parameters of lag system

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数取值
弹性刚度k/(kN∙m-1106[19]
屈服强度Fy/kNFy=μFN
屈服后刚度和弹性刚度之比r10-6
屈服指数s2
滞后循环参数a0.5
滞后循环参数b0.5
), ArticleFig(id=1228312969445044967, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

滞后系统模拟参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数取值
弹性刚度k/(kN∙m-1106[19]
屈服强度Fy/kNFy=μFN
屈服后刚度和弹性刚度之比r10-6
屈服指数s2
滞后循环参数a0.5
滞后循环参数b0.5
), ArticleFig(id=1228312969570874090, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Analysis results of dynamic characteristic

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
结构形式振型阶次周期/s振型质量贡献率
Ux/%Uy/%Uz/%Rx/%Ry/%Rz/%
站桥分离21.18807.8606.0607.40
31.17609.1005.1603.94
160.255041.9807.4001.49
230.173026.36045.0800
站桥合一20.325038.76023.2701.63
40.285016.1100.70015.62
110.177016.11031.3704.21
130.168010.1207.6801.06
), ArticleFig(id=1228312969684120302, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

动力特性分析结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
结构形式振型阶次周期/s振型质量贡献率
Ux/%Uy/%Uz/%Rx/%Ry/%Rz/%
站桥分离21.18807.8606.0607.40
31.17609.1005.1603.94
160.255041.9807.4001.49
230.173026.36045.0800
站桥合一20.325038.76023.2701.63
40.285016.1100.70015.62
110.177016.11031.3704.21
130.168010.1207.6801.06
), ArticleFig(id=1228312969793172213, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

State grades of plastic hinge

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
塑性等级塑性铰状态θmax结构状态
Level1B:正常使用<0.01弹性状态
Level2IO:立即使用0.01进入塑性状态
Level3LS:生命安全0.02塑性状态进一步发展
Level4CP:防止倒塌0.04倒塌极限状态
Level5D:破坏0.08结构倒塌破坏
), ArticleFig(id=1228312969898029815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

塑性铰状态等级

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
塑性等级塑性铰状态θmax结构状态
Level1B:正常使用<0.01弹性状态
Level2IO:立即使用0.01进入塑性状态
Level3LS:生命安全0.02塑性状态进一步发展
Level4CP:防止倒塌0.04倒塌极限状态
Level5D:破坏0.08结构倒塌破坏
), ArticleFig(id=1228312970007081724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=EN, label=Tab.6, caption=

Plastic hinge changes of pier in station-bridge separation system under El-Centro wave

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
位置时间/s塑性铰状态
4#墩横系梁0.61IO
2#0.71
3#0.74
2#墩横系梁
3#墩横系梁
4#1.46
4#墩横系梁1.49LS
3#墩横系梁1.50
1#1.58IO
1#墩横系梁1.59
2#3.11LS
2#墩横系梁3.13
3#5.04
3#墩横系梁8.11CP
4#8.29LS
4#墩横系梁8.30CP
), ArticleFig(id=1228312970107745024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

站桥分离体系在El-Centro波下桥墩的塑性铰变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
位置时间/s塑性铰状态
4#墩横系梁0.61IO
2#0.71
3#0.74
2#墩横系梁
3#墩横系梁
4#1.46
4#墩横系梁1.49LS
3#墩横系梁1.50
1#1.58IO
1#墩横系梁1.59
2#3.11LS
2#墩横系梁3.13
3#5.04
3#墩横系梁8.11CP
4#8.29LS
4#墩横系梁8.30CP
), ArticleFig(id=1228312970204214019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=EN, label=Tab.7, caption=

Plastic hinge changes of pier in station-bridge integration system under El-Centro wave

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
位置时间/s塑性铰状态
3#墩/4#0.09IO
1#墩/2#0.10
2#墩/3#0.13LS
3#墩横系梁0.39IO
4#墩横系梁0.58
2#墩横系梁0.60
4#墩横系梁0.63LS
1#墩横系梁0.70IO
2#墩横系梁0.73LS
1#墩横系梁0.74
3#墩横系梁0.76
1#1.46
4#1.49
3#墩/4#墩横系梁1.50CP
1#墩横系梁1.59
2#墩横系梁1.63
2#2.98
1#3.08
2#3.12D
), ArticleFig(id=1228312970292294406, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295923957170930, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

站桥合一体系在El-Centro波下桥墩的塑性铰变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
位置时间/s塑性铰状态
3#墩/4#0.09IO
1#墩/2#0.10
2#墩/3#0.13LS
3#墩横系梁0.39IO
4#墩横系梁0.58
2#墩横系梁0.60
4#墩横系梁0.63LS
1#墩横系梁0.70IO
2#墩横系梁0.73LS
1#墩横系梁0.74
3#墩横系梁0.76
1#1.46
4#1.49
3#墩/4#墩横系梁1.50CP
1#墩横系梁1.59
2#墩横系梁1.63
2#2.98
1#3.08
2#3.12D
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横向地震作用下不同站桥组合体系抗震性能对比
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焦驰宇 1, 2 , 马辉 3, 4 , 刘能文 5 , 秦永刚 5 , 程冕洲 6
振动工程学报 | 2025,38(3): 567-578
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振动工程学报 | 2025, 38(3): 567-578
横向地震作用下不同站桥组合体系抗震性能对比
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焦驰宇1, 2 , 马辉3, 4, 刘能文5 , 秦永刚5, 程冕洲6
作者信息
  • 1.北京建筑大学工程结构与新材料北京市高等学校工程研究中心,北京 100044
  • 2.北京建筑大学古桥研究院,北京 100044
  • 3.北京建筑大学大型多功能振动台阵实验室,北京 100044
  • 4.中交基础设施养护集团宁夏工程有限公司,宁夏 银川 750001
  • 5.北京市市政工程设计研究总院有限公司,北京 100082
  • 6.中国建筑设计研究院有限公司,北京 100044
  • 焦驰宇(1980—),男,博士,教授。E-mail:

通讯作者:

刘能文(1970—),男,学士,教授级高级工程师。E-mail:
Seismic performance comparison of different station-bridge combination systems under transverse earthquakes
Chiyu JIAO1, 2 , Hui MA3, 4, Nengwen LIU5 , Yonggang QIN5, Mianzhou CHENG6
Affiliations
  • 1.Beijing Higher Institution Engineering Research Center of Civil Engineering Structure and Renewable Material,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China
  • 2.Ancient Bridge Research Institute,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China
  • 3.Multi-Functional Shaking Tables Laboratory,Beijing University of Civil Engineering and Architecture,Beijing 100044,China
  • 4.Ningxia Engineering Co.,Ltd.,CCCC Infrastructure Maintenance Group,Yinchuan 750001,China
  • 5.Beijing Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100082,China
  • 6.China Architecture Design and Research Institute Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100044,China
出版时间: 2025-03-10 doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.03.013
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为对比横向地震作用下不同站桥组合体系的抗震性能,以某实际站桥分离体系为研究对象,结合实际情况设计站桥合一体系,考虑桥墩、支座非线性以及桥梁扩大基础-碎石垫层-地铁车站顶板之间的非线性滑动摩擦效应,利用有限元软件MIDAS/Civil建立其三维非线性动力模型,研究横桥向地震输入下两种工况不同站桥组合体系的动力响应与桥墩损伤。结果表明:在横向罕遇地震输入下,相较于站桥合一体系,站桥分离体系可延长结构周期,有效减小桥墩墩底与地铁车站支撑柱的动力响应,对于两种站桥组合体系,桥墩位置对应地铁车站支撑柱的内力响应大于其他普通支撑柱;在横向超罕遇地震输入下,相较于站桥合一体系,站桥分离体系出现塑性状态的时间更晚,最终损伤程度更轻,支座进入非线性阶段的时间靠后,桥墩整体变形也更小。在横向地震作用下,站桥分离体系抗震性能更为优良,但在实际工程中应该注意地铁车站支撑柱的横向框架效应导致的内力增加与桥梁基础滑移的限位。

抗震性能  /  不同站桥组合体系  /  横向地震作用  /  时程分析

In order to compare the seismic performance of different station-bridge combination systems under transverse seismic action,this paper takes an actual station-bridge separation system as the research object,designs a station-bridge integrated system combined with the actual situation,considers the nonlinear effect of bridge piers and supports,and the nonlinear sliding friction effect between expanded foundation,gravel cushion and metro station roof. A three-dimensional nonlinear dynamic model is established by using the finite element software MIDAS/Civil,and the dynamic response and pier damage of the composite system of two different stations and bridges under the cross-bridge seismic input are studied. The results show that under the unusual seismic lateral input,compared with the station-bridge integrated system,the station-bridge separation system can prolong the structural period and effectively reduce the dynamic response of the pier bottom and the supporting column of metro station. For the two combined station-bridge systems,the internal force response of the supporting column corresponding to the position of the pier is greater than that of other ordinary supporting columns. Under the lateral seismic input of the rare earthquake,compared with the stationbridge integrated system,the station-bridge separation system appears later in the plastic state,the final damage degree is lighter,the time of the support entering the nonlinear stage is later,and the overall deformation of the bridge pier is smaller. The seismic performance of the station and bridge separation system is better under the transverse earthquake action. However,in the actual project,attention should be paid to the increase of internal force caused by the transverse frame effect of the subway support column and the limit of the bridge foundation slip.

seismic performance  /  composite system of different station-bridge  /  transverse seismic action  /  time-history analysis
焦驰宇, 马辉, 刘能文, 秦永刚, 程冕洲. 横向地震作用下不同站桥组合体系抗震性能对比. 振动工程学报, 2025 , 38 (3) : 567 -578 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.03.013
Chiyu JIAO, Hui MA, Nengwen LIU, Yonggang QIN, Mianzhou CHENG. Seismic performance comparison of different station-bridge combination systems under transverse earthquakes[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering, 2025 , 38 (3) : 567 -578 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.03.013
近年来,中国城市化进程高速发展,城市人口与机动车数量不断增长,交通拥堵问题愈发显著。为解决此类问题,轨道交通与高架快速路快速发展。截至2022年底,中国拥有轨道交通的城市为55个,运营总里程约为10078 km,首次突破10000 km[1]。但由于城市土地资源有限,特别是在人口及交通密集区域,地铁车站与高架桥梁难免发生场地冲突,为高效整合利用有限空间,站桥合建成为解决问题的一种有效手段[2]
目前,站桥合建工程实例越来越多,同时站桥合建方式也多种多样,有高架桥主梁上建车站的形式[3],也有地铁车站上盖建桥的形式。因此,国内外学者对这两类站桥组合体系在考虑车辆荷载和地层影响下的结构静动力响应进行了研究[4-5],也对地震响应进行了探讨。WANG等[6]对某站桥组合体系进行了数值模拟分析,结果表明,地下结构的内力和变形在横向激励下比纵向激励下更危险,桥梁的荷载可在一定程度上抑制地下结构的变形。WEI等[7]以一种双墩柱高架地铁车站设计为原型,制作了一个1/6比例的预制装配式横向框架,通过拟静力加载试验与数值模拟验证了装配方案的可行性。 ZHAO等[8]对某车站综合桥结构设计制作了1/25比例的模型并进行了振动台试验,根据试验结果提出了一种组合结构的抗震性能评价方法。汪乐等[9]依托某地铁明挖车站-市政桥梁固结体系建立三维荷载-结构模型,根据计算结果对结构进行加强处理,使其满足规范要求。张素梅等[10]对地下综合交通枢纽站桥合建大跨组合结构进行简化,设计制作了1/5比例的缩尺站桥转换节点,通过拟静力试验研究了不同设计荷载下节点的受力性能。陈礼飞等[11]基于有限元软件ABAQUS建立了土-桩-高架车站结构非线性动力相互作用的整体有限元模型,分析了地铁某上部高架车站结构的横向地震反应规律,结果表明,高架车站上层结构的动力反应明显大于下层结构,具有明显近场地震动脉冲特征的地震波更易增强结构的地震反应。赵丹等[12]针对某长悬臂式地铁高架车站的抗震性能,采用振型分解反应谱法对3种结构形式进行地震动力响应分析,结果表明,钢混组合结构可以有效降低结构的地震力,具有优越的抗震性能,为现行高架地铁车站桥梁的抗震性能设计提供参考。
综上所述,国内外关于站桥组合结构的研究大多集中于高架车站桥梁形式,研究方向大多为弹性阶段的静、动力分析,而针对地铁车站上盖建桥的站桥组合体系的研究相对较少,在横向地震作用下对桥梁与地铁车站采用不同连接形式的研究更是少之又少。基于此,本文依托某实际工程中的站桥分离体系,设计站桥合一体系,建立两种体系的三维非线性动力模型,在横向地震作用下综合考虑墩柱、横系梁塑性损伤、支座非线性以及站桥分离体系中桥梁扩大基础-碎石垫层-地铁车站顶板之间的非线性滑动摩擦效应等,研究两种工况下不同站桥组合体系的动力响应与桥墩损伤等情况,以期为站桥组合体系的抗震设计提供参考。
本文以某明挖地铁车站上盖建桥的站桥组合体系为分析实例,上部桥梁结构为设置纵坡的3跨变截面连续钢箱梁桥,长127.19 m(36.24 m+54.71 m+36.24 m),宽17.00 m;桥梁下部结构为设置横系梁的钢筋混凝土双柱墩,1#~4#桥墩墩高依次为6、5.5、7和8.5 m。支座采用抗震型盆式橡胶支座,其中,1#和4#墩采用GPZ(KZ)4DX活动支座,2#和3#墩采用GPZ(KZ)10GD固定支座。为增加桥梁结构横向受力的均匀性,在中墩及边墩墩顶局部范围浇筑C40混凝土。下部地铁车站结构为双柱3跨地下双层框架结构,长140.80 m,宽24.70 m,高15.64 m,整体采用C40混凝土。地铁车站主体采用明挖法施工,每层地铁站间设置双排钢筋混凝土支撑柱。桥墩设置扩大基础,并通过级配碎石垫层与地铁车站顶板接触,同时桥墩对应车站顶板处增设横梁以提高受力性能。主体结构纵、横断面图分别如图12所示。
为对比不同站桥组合体系在横向地震作用下的抗震性能,基于实际工程站桥分离结构设计站桥合一结构,其区别在于桥梁扩大基础与地铁车站顶板连接方式不同。原站桥分离结构下部地铁车站与上部桥梁分离,两者间通过碎石垫层接触,层间剪力以摩擦力的形式传递;而站桥合一结构中地铁车站顶板和桥梁基础固结,即桥墩通过承台直接将内力传至地铁车站顶板与支撑柱,具体连接方式如图3所示。
为了分析站桥分离体系与站桥合一体系的受力状态,采用有限元软件MIDAS/Civil建立两种体系的三维非线性有限元动力模型,为了方便计算,模型只考虑地铁和桥梁的主体受力结构,忽略引桥与车站内部附属结构等因素的影响。如图4所示,桥梁结构的主梁、桥墩、横系梁以及地铁车站结构的横梁、纵梁和支撑柱采用梁单元模拟;地铁车站结构与桥梁扩大基础具有显著的空间效应,对地铁站楼板、墙体以及扩大基础采用板单元模拟[13],其中,地铁楼板网格划分间距为2 m,地铁墙体网格划分间距为4.5 m,在桥墩对应位置处加密为2 m。支座采用一般连接中的滞后系统模拟其在强震作用下的非线性损伤力学行为,其中,1#和4#墩采用单向活动支座,2#和3#墩采用固定支座,具体参数如表1所示[14]
基于性能抗震设计理念,钢筋混凝土墩柱在罕遇地震下会进入不同程度的损伤状态。按照文献[15]规定,对有系梁的双柱墩桥梁,潜在塑性铰区主要分布在桥墩墩底和系梁与墩柱连接位置处。在此处采用分布纤维铰单元模拟墩柱的非线性抗震性能,其中,保护层混凝土采用无约束混凝土本构模型,箍筋内部混凝土采用Mander约束混凝土本构模型,纵向钢筋采用双折线模型,钢筋混凝土墩柱与系梁纤维划分以及本构模型如图5所示。为了综合考虑桥墩整体损伤变化,桥墩墩柱和系梁所有单元均采用纤维单元模拟,在墩柱与系梁连接处,对系梁伸入到墩柱内部的单元设置梁端刚域,保证系梁塑性铰出现在潜在塑性铰区。
地铁车站结构为地下建筑,土体对结构的影响不容忽视,在地铁结构施工完之后,会对其周边土体进行充分紧密夯实。在地震作用下,假定土体对结构始终有支承作用,所以在该模型中,土体与地铁车站结构间的相互作用近似采用“土弹簧”模拟,如图6所示。所有“土弹簧”在整体坐标系下,设置SDxSDySDz方向的刚度,结合实际工程土层性质,采用文献[16]中的m法进行土弹簧刚度计算,具体如表2所示。
考虑到地铁车站受力分布较为复杂,荷载按照恒载受力考虑最不利情况,在地震时程分析时将顶板及中板的附加荷载转化为质量考虑惯性力作用,暂不考虑侧向土体作为附加质量参与地铁结构复杂振动的情况。具体布载方式如图7所示。
站桥合一体系中地铁车站与桥梁之间整体固结,桥梁承台与车站顶板间相互作用通过固定弹性连接模拟;而站桥分离体系中桥梁与地铁车站间通过碎石垫层接触,结合已有研究与课题组前期对于其传力特征的理论分析,双线性模型更符合基础滑移结构的恢复力模型。对之前学者采用轴压弹簧加水平限位装置的模拟方法[17]进行优化,采用Bouc-Wen弹簧模拟桥梁扩大基础-碎石垫层-地铁车站顶板间滑移前/后的相互作用,通过在Bouc-Wen弹簧水平方向上设置两阶段刚度来模拟地震时基础的滑移行为,其力学模型[18]与恢复力模型如图8所示,具体参数如表3所示。为使分析结果更接近实际情况,在每个扩大基础下均布16个Bouc-Wen弹簧,以保证从扩大基础传至车站顶板的力分布更加均匀。
采用时程分析法分析站桥组合体系的动力响应,其中计算时间步长为保证精度取为0.01 s,迭代计算采用Newton Raphson计算方法,非线性收敛条件采用位移收敛标准进行判定,位移收敛范数为0.001。本次站桥组合体系所在场地类型为Ⅲ类场地,场地土由松散的中粗砂与密实、中密的细粉砂组成,场地抗震设防烈度为8度,设计基本地震动峰值加速度为0.2g
地震波依据工程背景所在场地类型采用El Centro实测波,1994年美国Northridge地震实测波以及采用随机性方法基于设计反应谱合成的一条人工地震波,地震波拟合谱如图9所示,时程曲线如图10所示。本文主要研究横向地震作用下两种站桥组合体系的抗震性能,所以地震动沿整体坐标系Y方向输入,同时考虑两种地震输入情况。
工况1:罕遇地震输入,对应地震动加速度峰值为0.2g,在该工况下,主要提取桥梁与地铁车站内力,研究两种结构体系在设计加速度峰值下的受力表现;
工况2:超罕遇地震输入,对应地震动加速度峰值为0.4g,在该工况下,主要观察桥墩的损伤过程以及变形情况。
结构自振频率和振型是进行抗震设计的重要参数。本文采用多重Ritz向量法进行两种站桥组合体系的特征值分析,因为要研究结构在横向地震作用下的动力特性,故取横向振型质量贡献率较大的振型进行分析。两种结构动力特性分析结果如表4所示,相应的振型图分别如图1112所示。
表4和振型图可知,因为连接方式不同,站桥分离体系比站桥合一体系周期长;两种结构在UyRxRz三个方向均有较大的振型质量贡献率,说明在横向地震作用下,站桥组合体系变形不仅有横弯,也存在扭转。
图1112可以看出,站桥分离体系在低阶振型下主要表现为桥墩滑移,在高阶振型下表现为桥梁与地铁车站耦合振动;而站桥合一体系从低阶振型开始表现为桥梁与地铁车站综合振动。
计算两种结构体系考虑恒载情况的非线性时程反应,对比工况1下桥梁与地铁结构的内力最大值以及工况2下桥墩损伤、支座损伤和桥墩变形情况,以此分析两种结构体系抗震性能的优劣。由于站桥组合体系中两排桥墩和地铁车站支撑柱的内力接近,故取其中内力相对较大的一排桥墩进行对比分析,同时在研究范围内,地铁两端的支撑柱与周边结构联系复杂,本次研究中不予考虑。为便于叙述,对桥墩和地铁车站支撑柱沿顺桥向进行编号,其中1#~4#墩对应地铁车站支撑柱编号依次为4、8、15、19,具体如图13所示。
根据文献[15]中第6.4.2条规定,当采用3条地震波输入工况对两种不同站桥组合体系桥梁与地铁车站进行抗震性能对比分析时,应分别选取结构动力响应最大的地震波工况,对各关键构件的最大地震响应讨论如下。
桥墩墩底动力响应可反映桥梁结构横向抗震性能的优劣,图14为El-Centro地震作用下桥墩墩底横桥向弯矩和剪力图。从图14中可以看出:
(1)对于两种站桥组合体系,站桥分离体系桥墩墩底动力响应更小,说明采用碎石垫层接触可有效减缓桥墩与地铁车站顶板间作用力的相互传递。
(2)对于同种站桥组合体系,1#和4#桥墩墩底动力响应小于2#和3#墩,其原因在于1#和4#墩为边墩,在横向地震作用下承担主梁竖向惯性力较小;2#桥墩墩底动力响应最大,其原因在于2#墩为最矮固定墩,并且主梁存在纵坡,在横向地震作用下承担主梁竖向惯性力最大。因此对于站桥组合体系中的桥梁结构,在设计过程中应着重提高最矮固定墩的受力性能。
在横向地震作用下,地铁车站动力响应最能体现两种站桥组合体系的抗震性能差异,图15为人工波地震作用下地铁车站上层支撑柱柱顶与下层支撑柱柱底的弯矩和剪力图。与地铁车站中板相连的上层支撑柱柱底和下层支撑柱柱顶的内力响应相对所对应位置的柱顶和柱底较小,在此不进行对比分析。从图15中可以看出:
(1)对于两种站桥组合体系,从整体变化趋势可以看出,地铁车站支撑柱动力响应中间大、两端小,这与谷音等[20]得出的结论相似,其原因可能在于地铁车站较为狭长,同时车站中间位置处连接桥梁,导致车站中部支撑柱承担的竖向力较大,在横向地震作用下其动力响应大于两端支撑柱,并且其规律在桥墩所对应支撑柱处尤为明显。
(2)从各自变化趋势可以看出,站桥分离体系车站支撑柱动力响应小于站桥合一体系,其原因在于站桥分离体系靠桥墩扩大基础-碎石垫层-地铁车站顶板间的摩擦力传递水平力,有效减少了地震过程中桥墩对地铁车站的影响,这也说明级配碎石垫层在结构整体振动过程中起到了滑移减震耗能作用,改善了地铁车站结构整体的抗震性能。
(3)对于上层地铁车站支撑柱柱顶的动力响应,可以看出站桥分离体系较站桥合一体系小,说明碎石垫层起到了一定的减震作用,同时8号柱所对应的最大弯矩下降幅度为15.62%,最大剪力下降幅度为15.14%。
(4)对于下层地铁车站支撑柱柱底的动力响应,其规律与(3)相同。不同的是站桥分离体系比站桥合一体系间的动力响应下降幅度要更大,8号柱所对应的最大弯矩下降幅度为48.82%,最大剪力下降幅度为50.15%。同时站桥分离体系中4、8、15、19号支撑柱与其他支撑柱相比动力响应增值较小,而站桥合一体系中动力响应增值较大,其原因可能在于站桥分离体系桥梁与地铁车站并未固结,并且地铁车站下层支撑柱埋深较深,在横向地震作用下,上层支撑柱的动力响应通过车站中板传递到下层支撑柱时减小,从而导致上述现象的发生。
为了研究不同站桥组合体系在地震过程中的损伤发展,本文依据DM(damage measure)准则对桥墩结构在地震作用下的塑性行为进行分析。DM为结构在不同地震强度下的损伤指标度量值,将DM的阈值CDM定义为结构倒塌的极限值点,认为当DMCDM时,结构发生倒塌。美国FEMA 356规范基于DM准则,根据层间位移角θmax定义了结构的3个极限状态点:立即使用(immediate occupancy,IO)、生命安全(life safe,LS)和防止倒塌(collapse prevention,CP)[21],同时考虑墩柱轴压比对桥墩损伤进行判定,其中,IO极限状态为塑性点,CP极限状态为倒塌点。MIDAS/Civil软件据此将结构塑性铰状态分为5个等级,如表5所示。
基于上述塑性铰状态划分,在工况2下,对比两种站桥组合体系在El-Centro地震波下各桥墩的塑性铰状态变化和形成时间,具体如表67所示。图1617为两种站桥组合体系在El-Centro地震波下的塑性状态变化过程。从中可以看出:
(1)在横向地震作用下,站桥分离体系横系梁会先于桥墩进入塑性阶段并且发展过程一直先于桥墩;而站桥合一体系则是桥墩会先于横系梁进入塑性阶段,但后期发展过程则是横系梁会先于桥墩进入下一塑性等级。由此可知,对两种站桥组合体系,站桥分离体系设计合理,符合强柱弱梁的抗震设计原则。
(2)从塑性铰整体变化时间来看,0.1 s时站桥合一体系所有桥墩墩底均进入塑性阶段,0.7 s时所有横系梁也进入塑性阶段;而对于站桥分离体系,1.59 s时所有桥墩墩底和横系梁才进入塑性阶段。由此可知,在横向地震作用下,相较于站桥合一体系,站桥分离体系桥墩进入塑性阶段的时间更晚,说明站桥分离体系能对整体结构起到隔震保护作用。
(3)从最终损伤状态来看,站桥分离体系所有桥墩墩顶均处于弹性状态,1#桥墩墩底和横系梁均为立即使用状态,2#~4#桥墩墩底和2#墩横系梁也仅发展到生命安全状态,但3#和4#墩横系梁会发展到防止倒塌状态;而站桥合一体系仅1#和4#桥墩墩顶处于弹性状态,所有桥墩墩底均发展至破坏阶段,所有横系梁也均发展至防止倒塌阶段。由此可知,站桥分离体系桥墩达到塑性状态等级更低,达到高等级塑性状态的结构范围更小,最终损伤程度更轻微,体现出更优的抗震性能。
桥梁支座在横向地震作用下的受力性能也值得关注,因为该结构所用支座依据文献[22]设计,并且模拟时采用一般连接模拟,所以根据文献[22]中关于支座水平承载力与单向活动支座横向位移的规定,支座破坏界定如下:对于单向活动支座,当水平承载力超过屈服强度并且横向位移超过3 mm时,说明支座破坏,若是水平承载力超过屈服强度而横向位移未超过3 mm,则说明支座只是发生了滑移而未破坏;对于固定支座,不考虑其横向位移的变化,只考虑水平承载力的大小,当水平承载力超过屈服强度时,则说明支座挡板被剪坏,支座破坏[23]
在工况2下,提取两种站桥组合体系在El-Centro地震波作用下部分活动支座与固定支座的非线性滞回曲线,分别如图1819所示。从图中可以看出:
(1)根据支座的破坏界定可知,站桥分离体系中单向活动支座横向最大位移量为0.55 mm,未发生破坏,而固定支座水平力超过屈服强度,支座破坏;站桥合一体系中单向活动支座横向最大位移量为3.7 mm,固定支座水平力也超过屈服强度,两者均发生破坏。站桥合一体系下单向活动支座横向位移量大于站桥分离体系,其原因在于站桥分离体系桥墩整体会发生滑移,起到一定的减震作用,从而促使支座偏移量变小。
(2)站桥分离体系1#和4#墩活动支座进入非线性阶段的时间分别为1.46和1.47 s,2#和3#墩固定支座进入非线性阶段的时间分别为1.45和1.62 s;站桥合一体系1#和4#墩活动支座进入非线性阶段的时间分别为0.91和0.61 s,2#和3#墩固定支座进入非线性阶段的时间分别为0.91和1.46 s。通过支座进入非线性阶段的时间也可体现出站桥分离体系具有更好的抗震性能。
本次研究主要关注横向地震作用下不同站桥组合体系的抗震性能,故对于墩梁相对位移不予研究。图2021分别给出了3#桥墩墩顶与墩底相对位移(下称桥墩变形)和3#墩基础相对地铁车站顶板滑动位移(下称基础滑移)时程曲线。从图中可以看出:
(1)站桥合一体系3#墩变形远远大于站桥分离体系,同时还存在0.015 m左右的残余变形量,其原因可从4.2.1节中看出,站桥合一体系桥墩达到的塑性状态等级较高,桥墩损伤较大。
(2)站桥分离体系3#墩虽然变形较小,但基础滑移量达到了0.102 m,残余滑移位移量达到了0.082 m,这说明两种站桥组合体系变形的原理不同。如图22所示,站桥合一体系主要是桥墩墩顶产生位移,而站桥分离体系是由桥梁基础滑移和墩顶位移叠加而形成。站桥分离体系桥墩变形更小,桥梁结构在地震过程中基本趋于整体平动,不易发生损伤。
(3)从整体耗能方式来看,站桥分离体系主要依靠碎石垫层、支座以及桥墩变形进行能量耗散,而站桥合一体系主要依靠支座与桥墩变形进行能量耗散,这也是站桥合一体系支座变形量与桥墩变形量大于站桥分离体系的原因所在。
(1)从动力特性分析结果来看,站桥分离体系比站桥合一体系结构周期长,在低阶振型下表现为桥墩滑移,体现出碎石垫层的良好隔震作用。
(2)从桥梁动力响应来看,站桥分离体系墩底动力响应更小,说明碎石垫层可有效减缓桥墩与地铁车站顶板间作用力的相互传递。两种结构体系中,最矮固定墩受力最大,在设计过程中应着重提高其受力性能。
(3)从地铁车站动力响应来看,两种站桥组合体系均表现出中间支撑柱内力大,两端支撑柱内力小的规律,并且桥墩位置所对应支撑柱的动力响应水平明显大于普通支撑柱,对于站桥组合体系,在设计过程中应加强地铁中间与桥墩位置对应支撑柱的强度。同时站桥分离体系可大幅降低地铁车站动力响应,极大改善地铁车站整体抗震性能。
(4)从桥墩与支座损伤来看,站桥分离体系桥墩出现塑性状态的时间更晚,最终损伤程度更轻,支座进入非线性阶段的时间也靠后,表现出良好的抗震性能。然而值得注意的是,横系梁发展的塑性等级较高,应该加强其延性能力设计,提升桥墩在地震作用下的整体性。
(5)从桥墩变形与基础滑移来看,站桥分离体系虽然存在基础滑移与残余滑移量,但其桥墩变形更小,桥梁结构在地震过程中整体趋于平动,更不易发生损伤。在设计过程中,可设计相应限位装置来减小基础滑移量。
文中地震波输入方向只分析了横桥向,对于纵桥向与竖向地震波输入后续也会开展研究,同时根据相关学者的研究[24-25],也会开展垫层参数敏感性分析和振动台试验等研究,以期获得更为准确的站桥组合体系抗震性能结果。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52078023)
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52378472)
  • 北京市属高校基本科研业务费项目(X20094)
  • 北京建筑大学建大领军人才计划B类(JDLJ20220807)
  • 北京市基金-市教委科技计划重点项目(23JH0014)
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2025年第38卷第3期
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doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.03.013
  • 接收时间:2023-07-28
  • 首发时间:2026-02-11
  • 出版时间:2025-03-10
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  • 收稿日期:2023-07-28
  • 修回日期:2023-10-13
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52078023)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52378472)
北京市属高校基本科研业务费项目(X20094)
北京建筑大学建大领军人才计划B类(JDLJ20220807)
北京市基金-市教委科技计划重点项目(23JH0014)
作者信息
    1.北京建筑大学工程结构与新材料北京市高等学校工程研究中心,北京 100044
    2.北京建筑大学古桥研究院,北京 100044
    3.北京建筑大学大型多功能振动台阵实验室,北京 100044
    4.中交基础设施养护集团宁夏工程有限公司,宁夏 银川 750001
    5.北京市市政工程设计研究总院有限公司,北京 100082
    6.中国建筑设计研究院有限公司,北京 100044

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刘能文(1970—),男,学士,教授级高级工程师。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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