Article(id=1227627713821864375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1227627707664630277, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.06.013, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1703606400000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-27, revisedDate=1706976000000, revisedDateStr=2024-02-04, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1770618855194, onlineDateStr=2026-02-09, pubDate=1719504000000, pubDateStr=2024-06-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1770618855194, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1770618855194, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770618855194, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1227627707664630277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, year='2024', volume='37', issue='6', pageStart='903', pageEnd='1088', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1770618853726, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770795304861, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1228367797449851747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1227627707664630277, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1228367797449851748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1227627707664630277, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1023, endPage=1032, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1227627714245489085, articleId=1227627713821864375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, language=EN, title=Experimental and analytical studies on seismic performance of a steel slag CFDST T-joint, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Vibration Engineering, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Concrete filled double-skin tubular structures (CFDST) that reuse waste steel slag demonstrate advantages in sustainable resource use. The interaction and coordination between steel tube and concrete make CFDST an effective solution to the stability issues,considering the expansion characteristic of steel slag. The expansion performance of the steel slag concrete can enhance the bond between the steel tube and its sandwich concrete. This paper presents a series of tests on a steel slag CFDST T-Joint under pseudo-static loading conditions to investigate its seismic performance. Five specimens were tested,including one ordinary concrete test specimen and four steel slag concrete test specimens. The variables tested were concrete type,hollow ratio,diameter ratio,and axial compression ratio. The results show that while the bearing capacity of steel slag concrete specimens is slightly lower than that of ordinary concrete,the displacement ductility and energy dissipation capacity significantly increased,by 69.46% and 48.20% respectively. As the hollow ratio increases from 0.3 to 0.5,the displacement ductility coefficient of the specimen increases by 9.69%. When the diameter ratio of branch main increases from 0.40 to 0.68,the displacement ductility coefficient increases by 82.44%. However,when the axial compression ratio increases from 0.1 to 0.2,the displacement ductility coefficient of the specimen decreases by 17.98%. A finite element model was established to simulate the hysteretic properties of the specimen. The simulation results are in agreement with the test results,verifying the validity of the finite element model. Based on the verified finite model,the parameters of influencing factors on the bearing capacity of the specimen were analyzed,and the optimum hollow ratio of the specimen was found to be about 70%. The use of steel slag greatly improves the seismic performance of the CFDST T-joint and can be widely used in concrete-filled steel tube engineering structures.

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将钢渣混凝土灌入中空夹层钢管混凝土结构,充分利用钢渣混凝土的微膨胀性和中空夹层内外钢管对混凝土的约束作用,有效解决了钢渣混凝土工程应用中的安定性问题。以混凝土类型、空心率、支主管直径比和轴压比为参数变量,共进行了5个中空夹层钢管混凝土T形节点试件(1个普通混凝土试件、4个钢渣混凝土试件)拟静力试验研究。试验结果表明:与灌注普通混凝土相比,灌注钢渣混凝土对试件节点承载力影响不大,但位移延性和耗能能力明显增加,提高幅度分别达69.46%和48.20%;当空心率从0.3增大到0.5时,试件位移延性系数提高9.69%;当支主管直径比从0.40增大到0.68时,位移延性系数提高82.44%;当轴压比从0.1增大到0.2时,试件位移延性系数降低17.98%。建立有限元模型对试件的滞回性能进行了模拟,模拟结果与试验结果基本符合,验证了所建有限元模型的有效性。进而开展了节点承载力影响参数分析,得到最佳空心率为70%左右。钢渣在钢管混凝土结构中应用,可大幅提高其抗震性能。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
吴应雄(1969―),男,博士,教授。E-mail:
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曾武华(1986—),男,博士,副教授。E-mail:

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曾武华(1986—),男,博士,副教授。E-mail:

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曾武华(1986—),男,博士,副教授。E-mail:

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Journal of Basic Science and Engineering202230(1): 101-113., articleTitle=Experimental study on seismic behavior of PC columns with latticed steel joint, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1228400351188021357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227627713821864375, awardId=2023J01131900, language=CN, fundingSource=福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2023J01131900), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1228400351271907438, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227627713821864375, awardId=2022J011185, language=CN, fundingSource=福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2022J011185), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1228400352618279023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227627713821864375, awardId=52378495, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(52378495), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1228400344053510159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, 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journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227627713821864375, language=CN, label=图15, caption=外管钢材强度对试件承载力的影响, figureFileSmall=10lTt+WtYz/CgM0mIAvkbg==, figureFileBig=2BPUFkTW2M5ZV4QlPII6vQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228400350462406757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227627713821864375, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Parameters of specimens

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序号试件编号(D×L×T)/mm3Dn×Ln×Tn)/mm3D0×L0×t)/mm3χβn
1CT5-68-1168×900×480×900×3114×400×40.500.680.10
2ST5-68-1168×900×480×900×3114×400×40.500.680.10
3ST3-68-1168×900×450×900×3114×400×40.300.680.10
4ST5-40-1168×900×480×900×368×400×40.500.400.10
5ST5-68-2168×900×480×900×3114×400×40.500.680.20
), ArticleFig(id=1228400350567264358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227627713821864375, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

试件设计参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序号试件编号(D×L×T)/mm3Dn×Ln×Tn)/mm3D0×L0×t)/mm3χβn
1CT5-68-1168×900×480×900×3114×400×40.500.680.10
2ST5-68-1168×900×480×900×3114×400×40.500.680.10
3ST3-68-1168×900×450×900×3114×400×40.300.680.10
4ST5-40-1168×900×480×900×368×400×40.500.400.10
5ST5-68-2168×900×480×900×3114×400×40.500.680.20
), ArticleFig(id=1228400350634373223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227627713821864375, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Properties of steel material

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
D×t)/mm2fy/MPaFu/MPaEs/GPaυδ/%
168×4268355166.300.31535.20
114×4328494197.700.33223.70
80×3283386193.200.30824.60
68×4360570220.100.29631.00
50×3372507208.600.32623.20
), ArticleFig(id=1228400350693093480, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227627713821864375, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

钢材材料性能实验结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
D×t)/mm2fy/MPaFu/MPaEs/GPaυδ/%
168×4268355166.300.31535.20
114×4328494197.700.33223.70
80×3283386193.200.30824.60
68×4360570220.100.29631.00
50×3372507208.600.32623.20
), ArticleFig(id=1228400350760202345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227627713821864375, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Mix proportions and properties of concrete

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
混凝土类型配合比/(kg⋅m-3)基本性能指标
水泥钢渣粉粉煤灰减水剂坍落度/mmEc/GPafcu,t/MPa
普通混凝土18145001708158156.3028030.6151.20
钢渣混凝土181405631538158156.3028531.1154.70
), ArticleFig(id=1228400350831505514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227627713821864375, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

混凝土配合比和性能指标

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
混凝土类型配合比/(kg⋅m-3)基本性能指标
水泥钢渣粉粉煤灰减水剂坍落度/mmEc/GPafcu,t/MPa
普通混凝土18145001708158156.3028030.6151.20
钢渣混凝土181405631538158156.3028531.1154.70
), ArticleFig(id=1228400350919585899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227627713821864375, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

Major test results of specimens

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试件编号Ny/kNΔy/mmNu/kNΔu/mmμηa
CT5-68-1151.603.71205.5027.457.40190.71
ST5-68-1144.503.37206.4042.3012.57282.65
ST5-40-1144.713.45206.2023.756.89129.85
ST5-68-2151.603.57200.3536.7510.31219.41
ST3-68-1120.422.56180.1529.3511.46285.15
), ArticleFig(id=1228400351003471980, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227627713821864375, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

试件主要试验阶段结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试件编号Ny/kNΔy/mmNu/kNΔu/mmμηa
CT5-68-1151.603.71205.5027.457.40190.71
ST5-68-1144.503.37206.4042.3012.57282.65
ST5-40-1144.713.45206.2023.756.89129.85
ST5-68-2151.603.57200.3536.7510.31219.41
ST3-68-1120.422.56180.1529.3511.46285.15
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中空夹层钢管钢渣混凝土T形节点抗震性能研究
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曾武华 1, 2 , 王伟 1, 3 , 陈庆熠 2 , 王军芳 1, 2 , 吴应雄 4 , 卓卫东 4
振动工程学报 | 2024,37(6): 1023-1032
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振动工程学报 | 2024, 37(6): 1023-1032
中空夹层钢管钢渣混凝土T形节点抗震性能研究
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曾武华1, 2 , 王伟1, 3, 陈庆熠2, 王军芳1, 2, 吴应雄4 , 卓卫东4
作者信息
  • 1三明学院建筑工程学院,福建三明 365004
  • 2工程结构智能建造与监控福建省高校重点实验室,福建三明 365004
  • 3同济大学土木工程防灾减灾全国重点实验室, 上海 200092
  • 4福州大学土木工程学院, 福建福州 350108
  • 曾武华(1986—),男,博士,副教授。E-mail:

通讯作者:

吴应雄(1969―),男,博士,教授。E-mail:
Experimental and analytical studies on seismic performance of a steel slag CFDST T-joint
Wu-hua ZENG1, 2 , Wei WANG1, 3, Qing-yi CHEN2, Jun-fang WANG1, 2, Ying-xiong WU4 , Wei-dong ZHUO4
Affiliations
  • 1School of Civil Engineering,Sanming University,Sanming 365004,China
  • 2Key Laboratory of Intelligent Construction and Monitoring of Engineering Structures in Fujian Province College, Sanming 365004,China
  • 3State Key Laboratory of Disaster Reduction in Civil Engineering,Tongji University, Shanghai 200092,China
  • 4College of Civil Engineering,Fuzhou University,Fuzhou 350108,China
出版时间: 2024-06-28 doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.06.013
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将钢渣混凝土灌入中空夹层钢管混凝土结构,充分利用钢渣混凝土的微膨胀性和中空夹层内外钢管对混凝土的约束作用,有效解决了钢渣混凝土工程应用中的安定性问题。以混凝土类型、空心率、支主管直径比和轴压比为参数变量,共进行了5个中空夹层钢管混凝土T形节点试件(1个普通混凝土试件、4个钢渣混凝土试件)拟静力试验研究。试验结果表明:与灌注普通混凝土相比,灌注钢渣混凝土对试件节点承载力影响不大,但位移延性和耗能能力明显增加,提高幅度分别达69.46%和48.20%;当空心率从0.3增大到0.5时,试件位移延性系数提高9.69%;当支主管直径比从0.40增大到0.68时,位移延性系数提高82.44%;当轴压比从0.1增大到0.2时,试件位移延性系数降低17.98%。建立有限元模型对试件的滞回性能进行了模拟,模拟结果与试验结果基本符合,验证了所建有限元模型的有效性。进而开展了节点承载力影响参数分析,得到最佳空心率为70%左右。钢渣在钢管混凝土结构中应用,可大幅提高其抗震性能。

抗震性能:中空夹层钢管混凝土  /  钢渣混凝土  /  滞回特性  /  拟静力试验

Concrete filled double-skin tubular structures (CFDST) that reuse waste steel slag demonstrate advantages in sustainable resource use. The interaction and coordination between steel tube and concrete make CFDST an effective solution to the stability issues,considering the expansion characteristic of steel slag. The expansion performance of the steel slag concrete can enhance the bond between the steel tube and its sandwich concrete. This paper presents a series of tests on a steel slag CFDST T-Joint under pseudo-static loading conditions to investigate its seismic performance. Five specimens were tested,including one ordinary concrete test specimen and four steel slag concrete test specimens. The variables tested were concrete type,hollow ratio,diameter ratio,and axial compression ratio. The results show that while the bearing capacity of steel slag concrete specimens is slightly lower than that of ordinary concrete,the displacement ductility and energy dissipation capacity significantly increased,by 69.46% and 48.20% respectively. As the hollow ratio increases from 0.3 to 0.5,the displacement ductility coefficient of the specimen increases by 9.69%. When the diameter ratio of branch main increases from 0.40 to 0.68,the displacement ductility coefficient increases by 82.44%. However,when the axial compression ratio increases from 0.1 to 0.2,the displacement ductility coefficient of the specimen decreases by 17.98%. A finite element model was established to simulate the hysteretic properties of the specimen. The simulation results are in agreement with the test results,verifying the validity of the finite element model. Based on the verified finite model,the parameters of influencing factors on the bearing capacity of the specimen were analyzed,and the optimum hollow ratio of the specimen was found to be about 70%. The use of steel slag greatly improves the seismic performance of the CFDST T-joint and can be widely used in concrete-filled steel tube engineering structures.

seismic performance: CFDST  /  steel slag concrete  /  hysteretic characteristics  /  quasi-static test
曾武华, 王伟, 陈庆熠, 王军芳, 吴应雄, 卓卫东. 中空夹层钢管钢渣混凝土T形节点抗震性能研究. 振动工程学报, 2024 , 37 (6) : 1023 -1032 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.06.013
Wu-hua ZENG, Wei WANG, Qing-yi CHEN, Jun-fang WANG, Ying-xiong WU, Wei-dong ZHUO. Experimental and analytical studies on seismic performance of a steel slag CFDST T-joint[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering, 2024 , 37 (6) : 1023 -1032 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.06.013
中国钢渣年产量超过1亿吨,累计堆存超过19亿吨,但钢渣综合利用率仅为30%,钢渣闲置蚕食了大量土地,造成环境污染1-2。因此,对钢渣资源化利用,是保护环境,实现碳达峰碳中和的重要举措之一。钢渣中含有大量具有凝胶性质的钙,用于制备高性能混凝土材料的潜力巨大3。然而,由于游离氧化钙的存在,与水反应容易导致体积膨胀,安定性是限制钢渣混凝土大规模应用的关键性问题之一4。已有研究结果表明5-6,将钢渣混凝土浇筑于钢管中形成钢管钢渣混凝土组合结构,可以利用钢管的密闭性和套箍效应消除钢渣混凝土体积不安定性问题,可在工程结构中大量推广应用,具有巨大经济价值与重要现实意义。
中空夹层钢管混凝土(Concrete-Filled Double- Skin Steel Tube,CFDST)是将两层钢管同心放置,并在钢管夹层之间填充混凝土而形成的中空构件,与实心钢管混凝土构件相比,CFDST具有抗弯刚度大、自重轻和防火性能好等优点7-8。CFDST常用于组合框架、风电塔架和海洋平台支架等高耸柱结构中9-12。研究者对CFDST压弯构件力学性能13、长期荷载作用下的力学性能14以及耐火性能15等开展了相关研究。风电塔架、高墩和海洋平台支架等高耸柱结构中广泛采用T形节点,而节点的抗震性能直接影响其所在结构体系的安全可靠性。但目前对灌注钢渣混凝土的CFDST结构T形节点抗震性能研究还不够深入。
为探究CFDST结构T形节点的抗震性能,本文综合采用拟静力试验和有限元模型参数分析方法,共设计了5组试件,研究了混凝土类型(普通混凝土与钢渣混凝土)、空心率、支主管直径比和轴压比对节点承载力、位移延性和滞回能量的影响,建立有限元模型对试件的滞回性能进行了模拟,并开展了节点承载力影响参数分析,为钢管钢渣混凝土结构大规模工程应用提供理论支撑。
共设计5根CFDST结构T形节点,其构造和尺寸如图1所示。试验以混凝土类型(普通混凝土与钢渣混凝土)、空心率、支主管直径比、轴压比为设计变量,具体试件参数如表1所示。表1列出试件的具体设计参数,其中,D,DnD0分别为主管外管外径、主管内管外径和支管外径;L,LnL0分别为主管外管长度、主管内管长度和支管长度;TTnt分别为主管外管壁厚、主管内管壁厚和支管壁厚,单位均为mm;χ=Dn/(D-2T)为主管空心率,β=D0/D为支主管直径比,n为主管轴压比。
试件主管和支管管材采用牌号为Q235的直缝焊管,材料性能试件截取自预留的支管和主管管材。依照《金属材料温室拉伸试验方法》(GB/T 228.1—2021)16规程,测得钢材的基本力学性能如表2所示。表2中,fy为钢材屈服强度,Fu为钢材极限强度,Es为钢材弹性模量,υ为泊松比,δ为延伸率。
表3给出了灌注混凝土试件的配合比和性能。表3中,Ec为混凝土弹性模量,fcu,t为混凝土立方体抗压强度。其中,水泥选用标号为P.I42.5的硅酸盐基准水泥;粉煤灰为铂润耐火材料有限公司生产的高活性粉煤灰;细骨料选用厦门艾思欧标准砂,粗骨料采用5~15 mm粒径范围内的玄武岩碎石;减水剂为聚羧酸盐混凝土减水剂;所用钢渣粉为福建省三钢(集团)有限责任公司生产,钢渣粉替代其余胶凝材料含量的10%。
试验用混凝土的弹性模量与立方体抗压强度力学性能指标通过国家标准《混凝土物理力学性能试验方法标准》(GB/T 50081—2019)17所述静力受压弹性模量试验方法(相应试块尺寸:150 mm×150 mm×300 mm)和抗压强度试验方法(相应试块尺寸:100 mm×100 mm×100 mm)测得,结果如表3所示。
试验加载装置如图2所示。试验模拟的边界条件为铰接,主管两端端板与平板铰连接,一侧平板铰连接支承座滑杆,滑杆另一侧连接侧向布置的作动器,以实现轴向荷载的传递;另一侧平板铰连接侧向连接支座,侧向连接支座将力传递给反力架。加载前,首先根据各试件的轴压比施加预定轴压力,然后在加载点施加低周往复荷载。试件在达到屈服强度之前,以荷载控制加载。屈服后以屈服位移的倍数进行加载。试验满足下列条件之一时停止加载:主管或支管撕裂、加载至荷载下降至峰值荷载的85%;节点区域压弯破坏或结构出现明显的拉伸、压缩或弯曲等形式的塑性变形18
试件的荷载-位移关系曲线通过对比校核数据采集系统所得作动器时程数据、主管跨中底部位移计时程数据和支管端板竖向位移计时程数据确定。试验共布设11个位移计于试件和边界装置上,如图2(b)所示。
试件的破坏过程如图3所示。具体破坏过程与特征如下:加载初期,未见支主管有明显的变化;位移加载至3Δy~5ΔyΔy为屈服位移)时,冠点附近主管外管管壁开始出现轻微鼓曲,冠趾处出现裂痕;位移加载至5Δy~7Δy时,鼓曲范围增大,裂痕扩展也呈现相同趋势;位移加载至最终破坏时,鼓曲范围发展迅猛,节点区域下凹严重,焊趾管壁表面被拉裂,主管呈现压弯破坏。图4显示了各试件的典型破坏形态。可以看出,在拟静力荷载作用下,节点区域发生了明显的压弯塑性变形,表明其破坏模式为主管压弯破坏。分析其原因,中空夹层内外钢管及支管有效约束了填充混凝土,提高了节点的强度与刚度,随着位移的增加,夹层混凝土发生破坏,主管外管缺少夹层混凝土支撑,破坏模式变为主管外管的屈曲。
图5为5个试件实测的力-位移关系曲线。由图5可见,各试件具有梭形的滞回曲线,曲线整体饱满,正反方向对称,没有明显捏缩现象,表明试件具有良好耗能能力。
图6(a)对比了不同混凝土类型(普通混凝土和钢渣混凝土)对试件滞回曲线的影响。可以看出,内填钢渣混凝土的试件滞回曲线更饱满,耗能能力更强,极限位移更大,延性更好,表明以钢渣粉替代部分胶凝材料制作钢渣混凝土,抗震性能得到提高。抗震能力提高的原因为:(1)钢渣粉的粒径范围不同于其他胶凝材料粒径范围,填充了微观空隙,混凝土更密实;(2)钢渣膨胀性能与钢管约束相互作用,增加了构件的延性。
图6(b)对比了不同空心率对试件滞回曲线的影响。可以看出,空心率由0.3增加到0.5时,试件滞回曲线更为饱满,极限位移和极限承载力提高。表明在合适的空心率条件下,内钢管的尺寸增加可充分发挥其力学性能优势。
图6(c)对比了不同支主管直径比对试件滞回曲线的影响。可以看出,随着支主管直径比的增大,试件滞回环面积和极限位移均增大,表明耗能能力和位移延性均有提升。分析其原因,支管尺寸增大有利于增加节点区域主管约束,延迟主管外管屈曲破坏现象的出现。
图6(d)对比了不同轴压比对试件滞回曲线的影响,可以看出,随着轴压比的增大,试件极限承载力略微下降,滞回环包络面积缩小,试件耗能能力减弱,延性降低。试验结果表明轴压比与试件延性呈负相关,这与其他研究结果一致。
图7给出各试件实测的骨架曲线。其中,屈服位移采用等效弹塑性屈服法计算,屈服位移取为骨架线弹性段延伸线与极限荷载值切线交点对应于骨架线的位移,骨架线中相对应的荷载值定义为屈服荷载,极限位移定义为当试件承载力下降至极限荷载值的85%时对应的位移19
采用位移延性系数来评价节点的变形能力,计算公式如下19
式中  为极限位移;为屈服位移。
采用累积耗能系数来评价节点的耗能能力,计算公式如下20
式中  N为计数圈数;Ui+分别为受拉半循环和受压半循环的耗能面积;Uy为名义弹性势能,Uy=Ny Δy /2。
表4列出各试件的主要试验结果,可以发现,对比灌注普通混凝土,灌注钢渣混凝土试件极限承载力仅提高0.44%,基本可忽略不计,而位移延性系数和累计耗能系数分别增大了69.46%和48.20%;支主管直径比从0.40增大到0.68,试件极限承载力仅提高0.10%,影响可忽略不计,而位移延性系数和累计耗能系数分别提高82.44%和117.67%;轴压比从0.1增大到0.2,试件极限承载力仅减小2.93%,影响也可忽略不计,而位移延性系数和累计耗能系数则分别降低17.98%和22.37%;空心率从0.3增大到0.5,试件极限承载力提高14.57%,而位移延性系数提高9.69%,累计耗能系数变化可忽略不计。
采用有限元软件ABAQUS对试件在低周往复荷载作用下的动力性能进行分析。试件各构成部分的单元类型均选用实体单元(C3D8R),模拟焊缝时不考虑其材料的损伤,实体单元的本构模型均采用双折线模型,单元的分析精度受扭曲变形的影响较小,并且在载荷下不易发生剪切自锁,适合滞回性能的模拟分析;通过允许接触后分离的“通用接触”模拟主管内外钢管与夹层混凝土间、支管与主管外管间的相互作用关系,以摩擦系数为0.6的“罚摩擦”模拟其切向行为,以“硬”接触考虑接触面法向压力的传递;主管内外管、支管与各端板通过“Tie”连接9。通过建立耦合点与两侧端板耦合来模拟铰接,耦合点自端板中心偏移,偏移量为平板铰轴销中心至端板的水平距离。图8为试件的有限元分析模型。
图9为有限元分析得到的试件的破坏形态。可以看出,支管在往复荷载作用下,主管外管管壁屈服开始累积塑性变形,冠点附近外管管壁鼓曲,应力进一步集中在鼓曲管壁,直至达到钢材的极限抗拉强度,节点区域发生了明显的压弯塑性变形。这与图4中试验得到的主管破坏形态相同。
图10为试验结果和有限元分析结果的对比。可以看出,有限元分析与拟静力试验得到的滞回曲线吻合较好,说明本文所建立的有限元模型具有足够的精度,可用于参数分析。
采用验证的有限元模型进行参数分析,研究主管空心率、支主管直径比、轴压比支管径厚比、钢材屈服强度、混凝土强度等6个参数对中空夹层钢管钢渣混凝土T形节点承载力的影响规律。采用的基准模型主要设计尺寸为:主管内管直径Dn=144 mm(空心率χ=50%)、主管内管壁厚Tn=4 mm、主管内管长度Ln=2000 mm。根据《中空夹层钢管混凝土结构技术规程》(T/CCES 7—2020)8,参数取值覆盖参数常用范围,其中,空心率χ分别为0,30%,50%,70%和80%,支主管直径比β分别为0.4,0.5和0.6,轴压比n分别为0.1,0.3和0.5,主管径厚比γ分别为40,50和60,钢材屈服强度fy分别为235,355和460 MPa,混凝土强度fcu分别为30,50和70 MPa。
图11为支主管直径比β对试件承载力的影响。由图11可见,随着支管直径增大,试件极限承载力略微增大,不同支主管直径比β下空心率对结构的总体影响趋势相同;β=0.4时,大空心率(χ=80%)对构件承载力的不利影响最为明显。因此,支主管直径比较小时,应当避免过高的空心率。图12为主管径厚比对试件承载力系数的影响。由图12可见,相同空心率下,构件承载力随着主管径厚的增大而增大,即主管径厚比与试件承载力正相关;不同主管径厚下,节点承载力随空心率增大先增大后减小的趋势不变。图13为轴压比对试件承载力系数的影响。由图13可见,轴压比增大会降低构件的极限承载力,但其影响程度在1%以内,可忽略不计;轴压比增大也不会影响空心率对构件承载力的影响规律。图14为混凝土强度对试件承载力系数的影响。由图14可见,混凝土强度提高,构件极限承载力提高,提高一个等级的混凝土强度,构件承载力提高幅度在8%左右,这与参数分析中考虑的荷载作用方式有关;在混凝土强度较低时,空心率对构件承载力的影响增大,这是因为混凝土强度降低后,内管的存在弥补了混凝土强度的不足。图15为钢材屈服强度对试件承载力系数的影响。由图15可见,主管外管强度是影响构件承载力大小的最主要因素,提高一个等级的钢材屈服强度,构件承载力提高20%以上;当主管外管强度较低时,空心率对构件承载力的影响增大,这是因为外管强度降低后,内管发挥的作用增大,因而在大空心率下,构件承载力仍高于实心构件承载力。
(1) 5组试件均发生主管压弯破坏。与灌注普通混凝土相比,灌注钢渣混凝土对试件节点承载力影响不大,但位移延性和耗能能力明显增加,分别提高69.46%和48.20%。
(2)当空心率从0.3增大到0.5时,试件极限承载力提高14.57%,而位移延性系数提高9.69%;当支主管直径比从0.4增大到0.68时,位移延性系数提高82.44%,累计耗能系数提高117.67%;空心率增大和支主管直径比增大对提高试件滞回性能都是有效的。
(3)当构件轴压比从0.1增大到0.2时,试件位移延性系数降低17.98%,累计耗能系数降低22.37%;轴压比增大会降低试件滞回性能。
(4)在空心率不大于70%时,构件承载力逐级递增,大于70%时构件承载力开始降低,甚至低于实心试件。各参数变化不会改变空心率对构件承载力的影响规律。
(5)混凝土强度、主管钢材屈服强度和主管壁厚均与构件承载力呈现正相关关系,三者中主管钢材屈服强度的影响最大,主管壁厚次之,混凝土强度影响最小。
(6)钢渣的使用大幅提高节点抗震性能,可广泛应用于T形、K形和X形等节点,在格构式中空夹层钢管混凝土墩柱装配式结构中大量推广应用,具有巨大经济价值与重要现实意义。
  • 福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2023J01131900)
  • 福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2022J011185)
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52378495)
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2024年第37卷第6期
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doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.06.013
  • 接收时间:2023-12-27
  • 首发时间:2026-02-09
  • 出版时间:2024-06-28
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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-27
  • 修回日期:2024-02-04
基金
福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2023J01131900)
福建省自然科学基金资助项目(2022J011185)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52378495)
作者信息
    1三明学院建筑工程学院,福建三明 365004
    2工程结构智能建造与监控福建省高校重点实验室,福建三明 365004
    3同济大学土木工程防灾减灾全国重点实验室, 上海 200092
    4福州大学土木工程学院, 福建福州 350108

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吴应雄(1969―),男,博士,教授。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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