Article(id=1227591334941356763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1227591330579284357, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.202307049, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1689523200000, receivedDateStr=2023-07-17, revisedDate=1699891200000, revisedDateStr=2023-11-14, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1770610181793, onlineDateStr=2026-02-09, pubDate=1752076800000, pubDateStr=2025-07-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1770610181793, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1770610181793, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770610181793, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1227591330579284357, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, year='2025', volume='38', issue='7', pageStart='1363', pageEnd='1644', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1770610180719, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770610389679, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1227592206953935678, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1227591330579284357, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1227592206953935679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1227591330579284357, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1588, endPage=1598, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1227591335197209316, articleId=1227591334941356763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, language=EN, title=Spatial correlation of spectral acceleration of mainshock-aftershock earthquake sequences, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Vibration Engineering, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

According to certain selection criteria,this paper selects 8 mainshock-aftershock events and 560 mainshock-aftershock sequences from NGA-West2 ground motion database,uses ASK14 ground motion prediction equation to carry out residual analysis on the mainshock-aftershock sequences,obtains the intra event residual of mainshock-aftershock sequences at each station,and standardizes them. According to the geostatistical semivariogram method,the exponential semivariogram model and the manual fitting method are used to calculate the spatial autocorrelation of the spectral acceleration period of the mainshock-aftershock sequence. Since the Pearson linear correlation coefficient can better measure the linear relationship between the fixed-distance variables,the Pearson linear correlation coefficient is used to calculate the cross-correlation of the normalized intra-event residuals between different spectral acceleration periods of the mainshock-aftershock sequence without considering the spatial cross-correlation. According to Markov’s hypothesis,the spatial information is introduced into the calculation of the cross-correlation,and then the expression of the change of the spatial cross-correlation with the spatial distance (h) is obtained. The results show that the mainshock is significantly different from aftershocks in terms of spatial autocorrelation and cross-correlation characteristics,and aftershocks generally have higher spatial correlation in the long-period stage. Neglecting the spatial correlation between the mainshock and aftershocks or using the characteristics of the mainshock to replace the characteristics of the aftershocks will adversely affect the research on earthquake hazard analysis,damage assessment,and the synthesis of main and aftershock sequences.

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Jiawei DING, Dagang LYU, Zhenggang CAO), CN=ArticleExt(id=1227591343996859340, articleId=1227591334941356763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, language=CN, title=主余震序列地震动谱加速度的空间相关性研究, columnId=0, journalTitle=振动工程学报, columnName=, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

按照一定的挑选准则从NGA-West2地震动数据库中挑选了8个主余震地震事件,560条主余震序列地震记录,采用ASK14地震预测方程对主余震序列进行残差分析,并获得各台站主余震序列地震动的事件内残差,对其进行标准化处理。依据地统计学半变异函数方法,采用指数半变异函数模型与手工拟合方法计算主余震序列的谱加速度的空间自相关性;鉴于Pearson线性相关系数可以较好地衡量定距变量之间的线性关系,采用Pearson线性相关系数计算不考虑空间信息的主余震序列地震动不同谱加速度周期间标准化事件内残差的互相关性;依据马尔可夫的假设原理,将空间信息引入到互相关性计算中,进而获得空间互相关性随空间距离(h)变化的表达式。结果表明:主震在空间自相关性、互相关特性等方面均与余震有明显不同,余震在长周期阶段普遍具有更高的空间相关性,忽略主震与余震的空间相关性或采用主震特性代替余震特性,将对地震危险性分析、损失评估以及主余震序列地震动的合成等方面的研究造成不利的影响。

, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
吕大刚(1970—),男,博士,教授。E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=CauN1JJWBIVvnpWfYA6cMQ==, magXml=L/9nA9tLCpH8M1imwro+8A==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=TNklkDftBqSoz9+j79rYiw==, pdfFileSize=4919450, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=2AjZtRopRj/jZvGodjJriQ==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=WnN9NIeI+L524Uo5i4kz4w==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

丁佳伟(1995—),男,博士研究生。E-mail:

, authorsList=丁佳伟, 吕大刚, 曹正罡)}, authors=[Author(id=1227654451373208029, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=741215328@qq.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1227654451457094118, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, authorId=1227654451373208029, language=EN, stringName=Jiawei DING, firstName=Jiawei, middleName=null, lastName=DING, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, address=1.Key Lab of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control of the Ministry of Education,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China
2.Key Lab of Smart Prevention and Mitigation of Civil Engineering Disaster of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China
3.Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation of Ministry of Emergency Management,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1227654451545174509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, authorId=1227654451373208029, language=CN, stringName=丁佳伟, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, address=1.哈尔滨工业大学结构工程灾变与控制教育部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090
2.哈尔滨工业大学智能防灾减灾工业和信息化部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090
3.哈尔滨工业大学地震灾害防治应急管理部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090, bio={"content":"

丁佳伟(1995—),男,博士研究生。E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

丁佳伟(1995—),男,博士研究生。E-mail:

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1227654451092189635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451100578242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451092189635, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Key Lab of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control of the Ministry of Education,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451108966851, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451092189635, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.哈尔滨工业大学结构工程灾变与控制教育部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090)]), AuthorCompany(id=1227654451184464330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451188658636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451184464330, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Key Lab of Smart Prevention and Mitigation of Civil Engineering Disaster of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451197047245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451184464330, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.哈尔滨工业大学智能防灾减灾工业和信息化部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090)]), AuthorCompany(id=1227654451276739028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451285127637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451276739028, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation of Ministry of Emergency Management,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451289321942, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451276739028, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.哈尔滨工业大学地震灾害防治应急管理部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090)])]), Author(id=1227654451624866292, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=ludagang@hit.edu.cn, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1227654451767472639, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, authorId=1227654451624866292, language=EN, stringName=Dagang LYU, firstName=Dagang, middleName=null, lastName=LYU, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, address=1.Key Lab of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control of the Ministry of Education,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China
2.Key Lab of Smart Prevention and Mitigation of Civil Engineering Disaster of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China
3.Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation of Ministry of Emergency Management,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1227654451872330244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, authorId=1227654451624866292, language=CN, stringName=吕大刚, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, address=1.哈尔滨工业大学结构工程灾变与控制教育部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090
2.哈尔滨工业大学智能防灾减灾工业和信息化部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090
3.哈尔滨工业大学地震灾害防治应急管理部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1227654451092189635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451100578242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451092189635, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Key Lab of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control of the Ministry of Education,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451108966851, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451092189635, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.哈尔滨工业大学结构工程灾变与控制教育部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090)]), AuthorCompany(id=1227654451184464330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451188658636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451184464330, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Key Lab of Smart Prevention and Mitigation of Civil Engineering Disaster of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451197047245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451184464330, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.哈尔滨工业大学智能防灾减灾工业和信息化部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090)]), AuthorCompany(id=1227654451276739028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451285127637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451276739028, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation of Ministry of Emergency Management,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451289321942, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451276739028, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.哈尔滨工业大学地震灾害防治应急管理部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090)])]), Author(id=1227654451947827724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1227654452044296726, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, authorId=1227654451947827724, language=EN, stringName=Zhenggang CAO, firstName=Zhenggang, middleName=null, lastName=CAO, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, address=1.Key Lab of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control of the Ministry of Education,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China
2.Key Lab of Smart Prevention and Mitigation of Civil Engineering Disaster of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China
3.Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation of Ministry of Emergency Management,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1227654452136571420, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, authorId=1227654451947827724, language=CN, stringName=曹正罡, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, address=1.哈尔滨工业大学结构工程灾变与控制教育部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090
2.哈尔滨工业大学智能防灾减灾工业和信息化部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090
3.哈尔滨工业大学地震灾害防治应急管理部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1227654451092189635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451100578242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451092189635, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Key Lab of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control of the Ministry of Education,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451108966851, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451092189635, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.哈尔滨工业大学结构工程灾变与控制教育部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090)]), AuthorCompany(id=1227654451184464330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451188658636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451184464330, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Key Lab of Smart Prevention and Mitigation of Civil Engineering Disaster of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451197047245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451184464330, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.哈尔滨工业大学智能防灾减灾工业和信息化部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090)]), AuthorCompany(id=1227654451276739028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451285127637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451276739028, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation of Ministry of Emergency Management,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451289321942, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451276739028, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.哈尔滨工业大学地震灾害防治应急管理部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1227654452346286633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=mainshock-aftershock sequence), Keyword(id=1227654452438561330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=semivariogram), Keyword(id=1227654452618916413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=spatial autocorrelation), Keyword(id=1227654452698608197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=Markov model), Keyword(id=1227654454099505741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=spatial cross-correlation), Keyword(id=1227654454225334869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=主余震序列), Keyword(id=1227654454321803868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=半变异函数), Keyword(id=1227654454430855780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=空间自相关性), Keyword(id=1227654454531519084, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=马尔可夫模型), Keyword(id=1227654454619599475, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=空间互相关性)], refs=[Reference(id=1227654460298687453, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=36, issue=2, pageStart=114, pageEnd=123, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=朱瑞广, 吕大刚, journalName=工程力学, refType=null, unstructuredReference=朱瑞广,吕大刚.基于Copula函数的主余震地震动强度参数相关性分析[J].工程力学2019,36(2):114-123., articleTitle=基于Copula函数的主余震地震动强度参数相关性分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1227654460411933671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=36, issue=2, pageStart=114, pageEnd=123, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=1, authorNames=ZHU Ruiguang, LYU Dagang, journalName=Engineering Mechanics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHU RuiguangLYU Dagang. Copula-based correlation analysis of intensity measures of mainshock-aftershock ground motions[J] Engineering Mechanics2019,36 (2):114-123., articleTitle=Copula-based correlation analysis of intensity measures of mainshock-aftershock ground motions, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1227654460546151407, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2003, volume=93, issue=6, pageStart=2737, pageEnd=2751, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=2, authorNames=BOORE D M, GIBBS J F, JOYNER W B, journalName=Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BOORE D MGIBBS J FJOYNER W B,et al. Estimated ground motion from the 1994 Northridge,California,earthquake at the site of the Interstate 10 and La Cienega Boulevard Bridge Collapse,West Los Angeles,California[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America2003,93(6):2737-2751., articleTitle=Estimated ground motion from the 1994 Northridge,California,earthquake at the site of the Interstate 10 and La Cienega Boulevard Bridge Collapse,West Los Angeles,California, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1227654460671980538, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=98, issue=1, pageStart=354, pageEnd=365, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=3, authorNames=GODA K, HONG H P, journalName=Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GODA KHONG H P. Spatial correlation of peak ground motions and response spectra[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America2008,98(1):354-365., articleTitle=Spatial correlation of peak ground motions and response spectra, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1227654460772643839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=100, issue=6, pageStart=3055, pageEnd=3067, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=4, authorNames=GODA K, ATKINSON G M, journalName=Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GODA KATKINSON G M. Intraevent spatial correlation of ground-motion parameters using SK-net data [J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America2010,100(6):3055-3067., articleTitle=Intraevent spatial correlation of ground-motion parameters using SK-net data, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1227654460911054849, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2009, volume=38, issue=15, pageStart=1687, pageEnd=1708, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=5, authorNames=JAYARAM N, BAKER J W, journalName=Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JAYARAM NBAKER J W. Correlation model for spatially distributed ground-motion intensities[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics2009,38(15):1687-1708., articleTitle=Correlation model for spatially distributed ground-motion intensities, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1227654461028495368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=101, issue=5, pageStart=2532, pageEnd=2541, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=6, authorNames=ESPOSITO S, IERVOLINO I, journalName=Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ESPOSITO SIERVOLINO I. PGA and PGV spatial correlation models based on european multievent datasets[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America2011,101(5):2532-2541., articleTitle=PGA and PGV spatial correlation models based on european multievent datasets, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1227654461133352975, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=102, issue=6, pageStart=2781, pageEnd=2788, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=7, authorNames=ESPOSITO S, IERVOLINO I, journalName=Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ESPOSITO SIERVOLINO I. Spatial correlation of spectral acceleration in European data[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America2012,102(6):2781-2788., articleTitle=Spatial correlation of spectral acceleration in European data, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1227654461246599192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=103, issue=2A, pageStart=1117, pageEnd=1129, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=8, authorNames=DU W Q, WANG G, journalName=Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DU W QWANG G. Intra-event spatial correlations for cumulative absolute velocity,Arias intensity,and spectral accelerations based on regional site conditions[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America2013,103(2A):1117-1129., articleTitle=Intra-event spatial correlations for cumulative absolute velocity,Arias intensity,and spectral accelerations based on regional site conditions, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1227654461338873888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=42, issue=5, pageStart=1218, pageEnd=1228, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=9, authorNames=陈鲲, 俞言祥, 高孟潭, journalName=地震地质, refType=null, unstructuredReference=陈鲲,俞言祥,高孟潭,等. 地震动的空间相关性—以纳帕地震为例[J]. 地震地质2020,42(5):1218-1228., articleTitle=地震动的空间相关性—以纳帕地震为例, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1227654461414371364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=42, issue=5, pageStart=1218, pageEnd=1228, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=10, authorNames=CHEN Kun, YU Yanxiang, GAO Mengtan, journalName=Seismology and Geology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=CHEN KunYU YanxiangGAO Mengtan,et al. Study on spatial correlation of ground-motion:a case study of Napa earthquake[J]. Seismology and Geology2020,42(5):1218-1228., articleTitle=Study on spatial correlation of ground-motion:a case study of Napa earthquake, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1227654461531811882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=11, authorNames=胡磊, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=胡磊. 日本关东地区地震动的空间相关性研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2021., articleTitle=日本关东地区地震动的空间相关性研究, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1227654461649252402, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=12, authorNames=HU Lei, journalName=null, refType=null, unstructuredReference=HU Lei. Spatial correlation of ground motion in the Kanto region,Japan[D]. Harbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administraton,2021., articleTitle=Spatial correlation of ground motion in the Kanto region,Japan, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1227654461741527093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=107, issue=4, pageStart=1940, pageEnd=1953, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=13, authorNames=ZHU R G, LUO D G, YU X H, journalName=Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ZHU R GLUO D GYU X H,et al. Conditional mean spectrum of aftershocks[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America2017,107(4):1940-1953., articleTitle=Conditional mean spectrum of aftershocks, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1227654463092092987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=35, issue=1, pageStart=39, pageEnd=60, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=14, authorNames=PAPADOPOULOS A N, KOHRANGI M, BAZZURRO P, journalName=Earthquake Spectra, refType=null, unstructuredReference=PAPADOPOULOS A NKOHRANGI MBAZZURRO P. Correlation of spectral acceleration values of mainshock-aftershock ground motion pairs[J]. Earthquake Spectra2019,35(1):39-60., articleTitle=Correlation of spectral acceleration values of mainshock-aftershock ground motion pairs, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1227654463171784771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=34, issue=2, pageStart=569, pageEnd=586, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=15, authorNames=MUDERRISOGLU Z, YAZGAN U, journalName=Earthquake Spectra, refType=null, unstructuredReference=MUDERRISOGLU ZYAZGAN U. Aftershock hazard assessment based on utilization of observed main shock demand[J]. Earthquake Spectra2018,34(2):569-586., articleTitle=Aftershock hazard assessment based on utilization of observed main shock demand, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1227654463276642375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1999, volume=31, issue=null, pageStart=955, pageEnd=964, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=16, authorNames=JOURNEL A G, journalName=Mathematical Geology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=JOURNEL A G. Markov models for cross-covariances[J]. Mathematical Geology1999,31:955-964., articleTitle=Markov models for cross-covariances, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1227654463415054414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1998, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=17, authorNames=DEUTSCH C V, JOURNEL A G, journalName=Geostatistical Software Library and User’s Guide, refType=null, unstructuredReference=DEUTSCH C VJOURNEL A G. Geostatistical Software Library and User’s Guide[M]. Oxford:Oxford University Press,1998., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1227654463511523414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1997, volume=null, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=18, authorNames=GOOVAERTS P, journalName=Geostatistics for Natural Resources Evaluation, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GOOVAERTS P. Geostatistics for Natural Resources Evaluation[M]. Oxford:Oxford University Press,1997., articleTitle=null, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1227654463624769625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2006, volume=96, issue=4A, pageStart=1502, pageEnd=1511, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=19, authorNames=BOORE D M, WATSON-LAMPREY J, ABRAHAMSON N A, journalName=Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BOORE D MWATSON-LAMPREY JABRAHAMSON N A. Orientation-independent measures of ground motion[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America2006,96(4A):1502-1511., articleTitle=Orientation-independent measures of ground motion, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1227654463725432929, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=100, issue=4, pageStart=1830, pageEnd=1835, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=20, authorNames=BOORE D M, journalName=Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, refType=null, unstructuredReference=BOORE D M. Orientation-independent,nongeometric-mean measures of seismic intensity from two horizontal components of motion[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America2010,100(4):1830-1835., articleTitle=Orientation-independent,nongeometric-mean measures of seismic intensity from two horizontal components of motion, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1227654463838679143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=30, issue=3, pageStart=1025, pageEnd=1055, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=21, authorNames=ABRAHAMSON N A, SILVA W J, KAMAI R, journalName=Earthquake Spectra, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ABRAHAMSON N ASILVA W JKAMAI R. Summary of the ASK14 ground motion relation for active crustal regions[J]. Earthquake Spectra2014,30(3):1025-1055., articleTitle=Summary of the ASK14 ground motion relation for active crustal regions, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1227654459791176628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, awardId=2021YFB2600500, language=CN, fundingSource=国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFB2600500), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1227654459946365884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, awardId=52078176, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(52078176), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1227654460097360841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, awardId=51678209, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(51678209), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1227654451092189635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, xref=1., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451100578242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451092189635, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.Key Lab of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control of the Ministry of Education,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451108966851, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451092189635, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1.哈尔滨工业大学结构工程灾变与控制教育部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090)]), AuthorCompany(id=1227654451184464330, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, xref=2., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451188658636, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451184464330, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.Key Lab of Smart Prevention and Mitigation of Civil Engineering Disaster of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451197047245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451184464330, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2.哈尔滨工业大学智能防灾减灾工业和信息化部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090)]), AuthorCompany(id=1227654451276739028, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, xref=3., ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451285127637, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451276739028, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation of Ministry of Emergency Management,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1227654451289321942, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, companyId=1227654451276739028, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.哈尔滨工业大学地震灾害防治应急管理部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1227654454862869124, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=Comparison of two fitting methods, figureFileSmall=3WzCFYn5bBi91rrPYximXg==, figureFileBig=ZVUAMhWj9A4C83FOOE2/Rw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654454946755211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=CN, label=图1, caption=两种拟合方法的比较, figureFileSmall=3WzCFYn5bBi91rrPYximXg==, figureFileBig=ZVUAMhWj9A4C83FOOE2/Rw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654455085167252, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Parameter distribution of mainshock-aftershock earthquake sequence, figureFileSmall=kDs69YQf5c07Q+t+MG7q0g==, figureFileBig=NU4gzAIxQpTsgxmAKxJUoA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654455164859035, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=CN, label=图2, caption=主余震序列地震动的参数分布, figureFileSmall=kDs69YQf5c07Q+t+MG7q0g==, figureFileBig=NU4gzAIxQpTsgxmAKxJUoA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654455273910952, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Residual distribution of mainshock and aftershock in different periods, figureFileSmall=BJBRYp3nN38nDYctiFyizg==, figureFileBig=KXTcoMyAwtaGX8lsxCrThQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654455366185654, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=CN, label=图3, caption=主震、余震不同周期间的残差分布, figureFileSmall=BJBRYp3nN38nDYctiFyizg==, figureFileBig=KXTcoMyAwtaGX8lsxCrThQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654455458460353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Residual distribution of mainshock-aftershock earth-quake sequences in different periods, figureFileSmall=eijDlliGo13xeF8lkV7quQ==, figureFileBig=aaWXV2SWl9PuXGLpUlxDMg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654455559123657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=CN, label=图4, caption=主余震序列在不同周期的残差分布, figureFileSmall=eijDlliGo13xeF8lkV7quQ==, figureFileBig=aaWXV2SWl9PuXGLpUlxDMg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654455647204052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Histogram of station spacing and number of station pairs, figureFileSmall=xbCiJ5YvkJnew9zfbJbdLw==, figureFileBig=CRL5RAe9D7lOMZ3wucettg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654455819170526, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=CN, label=图5, caption=台站间距与台站对数目直方图, figureFileSmall=xbCiJ5YvkJnew9zfbJbdLw==, figureFileBig=CRL5RAe9D7lOMZ3wucettg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654456016302822, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=EN, label=Fig. 6, caption=Fitting of semivariogram models under typical period of mainshock-aftershock earthquake sequence, figureFileSmall=FRZNAODFPzFLugdM4v9PBg==, figureFileBig=fDqqvy+WxeQ2biHkkAJKkw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654456246989550, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=CN, label=图6, caption=主余震序列典型周期下的半变异函数模型拟合, figureFileSmall=FRZNAODFPzFLugdM4v9PBg==, figureFileBig=fDqqvy+WxeQ2biHkkAJKkw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654456356041461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=EN, label=Fig. 7, caption=Spatial correlation curves of mainshock and aftershock in typical period, figureFileSmall=405PLePmB5sv02EreGyiLA==, figureFileBig=Nb9R42ppPT7AesJUFgtQ6g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654456473481983, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=CN, label=图7, caption=主震与余震在典型周期的空间相关性曲线, figureFileSmall=405PLePmB5sv02EreGyiLA==, figureFileBig=Nb9R42ppPT7AesJUFgtQ6g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654456578339595, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=EN, label=Fig. 8, caption=Comparison of spatial correlation distance between mainshock and aftershock, figureFileSmall=VLk9iZYmo8nvZv6aTnBOdA==, figureFileBig=vs/FzFs3libGCVxbdXqn1g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654456725140249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=CN, label=图8, caption=主震与余震空间相关距的对比, figureFileSmall=VLk9iZYmo8nvZv6aTnBOdA==, figureFileBig=vs/FzFs3libGCVxbdXqn1g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654456813220643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=EN, label=Fig. 9, caption=Calculation results of three correlation methods, figureFileSmall=9KRzdpbjP+D7PSM3HWNN9g==, figureFileBig=OHzfOpKHpLeGY1FYVSo1vQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654456901301035, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=CN, label=图9, caption=三种不同相关性方法的计算结果, figureFileSmall=9KRzdpbjP+D7PSM3HWNN9g==, figureFileBig=OHzfOpKHpLeGY1FYVSo1vQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654456993575733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=EN, label=Fig. 10, caption=Pearson correlation coefficients contour of the mainshock-aftershock earthquake sequences, figureFileSmall=uRavkpQ5zU3X/z2JMI3avw==, figureFileBig=L1sppAaUQDDp8RnLuJRRVg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654457090044739, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=CN, label=图10, caption=主余震序列地震动的Pearson相关系数等值线图, figureFileSmall=uRavkpQ5zU3X/z2JMI3avw==, figureFileBig=L1sppAaUQDDp8RnLuJRRVg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654457165542217, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=EN, label=Fig. 11, caption=Correlation coefficients comparison between main shock and aftershock, figureFileSmall=2E/jkO6OVUY5ZKRx7cC0iA==, figureFileBig=r+cIccHE5sbnp1tDOwzm+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654458570634066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=CN, label=图11, caption=主震与余震的相关系数对比, figureFileSmall=2E/jkO6OVUY5ZKRx7cC0iA==, figureFileBig=r+cIccHE5sbnp1tDOwzm+A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654458667103065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=EN, label=Fig. 12, caption=Pearson correlation coefficients between mainshock and aftershock, figureFileSmall=oySKDlbvnacN6WVhzwgvJA==, figureFileBig=sPgong5YbKKoGNu8rtC5ig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654458763572066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=CN, label=图12, caption=主震与余震间的Pearson相关系数, figureFileSmall=oySKDlbvnacN6WVhzwgvJA==, figureFileBig=sPgong5YbKKoGNu8rtC5ig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654458868429673, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=EN, label=Fig. 13, caption=Spatial correlation of mainshocks, figureFileSmall=t0PGq5Z77gQnFGxEKHrpXg==, figureFileBig=A9XNXJzz1SL9pLlr/ZEwwA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654458956510064, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=CN, label=图13, caption=主震的空间互相关性, figureFileSmall=t0PGq5Z77gQnFGxEKHrpXg==, figureFileBig=A9XNXJzz1SL9pLlr/ZEwwA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654459061367674, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=EN, label=Fig. 14, caption=Spatial correlation of aftershocks, figureFileSmall=iZi/L6ecHE1xjKLDgzrGxA==, figureFileBig=EkGfSeK/+NHO0EE/eFHfDw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654459183002499, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=CN, label=图14, caption=余震的空间互相关性, figureFileSmall=iZi/L6ecHE1xjKLDgzrGxA==, figureFileBig=EkGfSeK/+NHO0EE/eFHfDw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654459296248713, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=EN, label=Fig. 15, caption=Spatial correlation of mainshock-aftershock earthquake sequences, figureFileSmall=pTO1WDh3HObeEF/56Ay5uw==, figureFileBig=RW5SZDKHn4PScZFC5S6/xg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654459401106322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=CN, label=图15, caption=主震与余震的空间互相关性, figureFileSmall=pTO1WDh3HObeEF/56Ay5uw==, figureFileBig=RW5SZDKHn4PScZFC5S6/xg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227654459493381020, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

List of the selected MS-AS earthquake sequences

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地震编号地震名称台站数目震级类别CRJB/km
113Whittier Narrows-01, America665.99C10
114Whittier Narrows-02, America665.27C2-01130
137Chi-Chi, China1477.62C10
175Chi-Chi-06, China1476.3C2-01370
274L’Aquila, Italy226.3C10
275L’Aquila (aftershock 1), Italy225.6C2-02740
281Darfield, New Zealand457C10
346Christchurch, New Zealand456.2C2-028123.68
), ArticleFig(id=1227654459577267106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227591334941356763, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

所挑选的主余震地震动序列

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地震编号地震名称台站数目震级类别CRJB/km
113Whittier Narrows-01, America665.99C10
114Whittier Narrows-02, America665.27C2-01130
137Chi-Chi, China1477.62C10
175Chi-Chi-06, China1476.3C2-01370
274L’Aquila, Italy226.3C10
275L’Aquila (aftershock 1), Italy225.6C2-02740
281Darfield, New Zealand457C10
346Christchurch, New Zealand456.2C2-028123.68
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1225147830491308032, delFlag=0, nameCn=振动工程学报, nameEn=Journal of Vibration Engineering, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=1004-4523, eissn=null, cn=32-1349/TB, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=null, ccby=null, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=Journal of Vibration Engineering, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1770027604939, updatedTime=1770169610881, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=18614031015, firstLetterCn=J, firstLetterEn=J, subjectCode=Engineering, subjectName=null, subjectCodeEn=Engineering, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=null, picEn=null, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1225743346702925905, language=CN, name=振动工程学报, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=中国科学技术协会, sponsoredBy=中国振动工程学会, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1770169587064, updatedTime=1770169587064, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.manuscripts.com.cn/zdgcxb, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.manuscripts.com.cn/zdgcxb, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.manuscripts.com.cn/zdgcxb, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1225743346765840466, language=EN, name=Journal of Vibration Engineering, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1770169587079, updatedTime=1770169587079, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=https://www.manuscripts.com.cn/zdgcxb, submissionEditorUrl=https://www.manuscripts.com.cn/zdgcxb, submissionReviewUrl=https://www.manuscripts.com.cn/zdgcxb, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1225147924628267009, websiteList=[Website(id=1225150618881404985, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1225147924628267009, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zdgcxb/CN, language=CN, createTime=1770028269739, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770028293069, updateBy=18614031015, name=振动工程学报-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=振动工程学报, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1225151164178673750, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225150618881404985, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770028399748, updateTime=1770028399748, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225151164157702227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225150618881404985, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770028399743, updateTime=1770028399743, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225151164203839577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225150618881404985, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770028399754, updateTime=1770028399754, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225151164145119314, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225150618881404985, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zdgcxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=L7mSU8YPwm66NWFMoTG4aQ==, createTime=1770028399740, updateTime=1770028399740, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225151164212228187, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225150618881404985, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770028399756, updateTime=1770028399756, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225151164170285141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225150618881404985, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zdgcxb/CN/file/pic, createTime=1770028399746, updateTime=1770028399746, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225151164208033882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225150618881404985, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770028399755, updateTime=1770028399755, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225151164166090836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225150618881404985, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1770028399745, updateTime=1770028399745, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225151164187062359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225150618881404985, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770028399750, updateTime=1770028399750, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225151164195450968, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225150618881404985, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770028399752, updateTime=1770028399752, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1225150619003039804, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1225147924628267009, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zdgcxb/EN, language=EN, createTime=1770028269768, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1770028309190, updateBy=18614031015, name=振动工程学报-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Journal of Vibration Engineering, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1225151193366835296, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225150619003039804, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1770028406707, updateTime=1770028406707, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225151193350058077, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225150619003039804, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1770028406703, updateTime=1770028406703, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225151193387806819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225150619003039804, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1770028406712, updateTime=1770028406712, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225151193341669468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225150619003039804, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zdgcxb/EN/file/pic?fileId=L7mSU8YPwm66NWFMoTG4aQ==, createTime=1770028406701, updateTime=1770028406701, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225151193400389733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225150619003039804, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1770028406715, updateTime=1770028406715, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225151193362640991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225150619003039804, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zdgcxb/EN/file/pic, createTime=1770028406706, updateTime=1770028406706, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225151193392001124, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225150619003039804, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1770028406713, updateTime=1770028406713, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225151193354252382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225150619003039804, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1770028406704, updateTime=1770028406704, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225151193371029601, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225150619003039804, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1770028406708, updateTime=1770028406708, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1225151193379418210, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1225150619003039804, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1770028406710, updateTime=1770028406710, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=振动工程学报, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://zdgcxb.csve.org.cn/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Journal of Vibration Engineering, journalPhotoCn=null, journalPhotoEn=null, journalFirstLetter=J, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zdgcxb/CN/10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.202307049, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zdgcxb/EN/10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.202307049, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zdgcxb/CN/PDF/10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.202307049, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zdgcxb/EN/PDF/10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.202307049, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
主余震序列地震动谱加速度的空间相关性研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
丁佳伟 1, 2, 3 , 吕大刚 1, 2, 3 , 曹正罡 1, 2, 3
振动工程学报 | 2025,38(7): 1588-1598
收起
收藏切换
振动工程学报 | 2025, 38(7): 1588-1598
主余震序列地震动谱加速度的空间相关性研究
全屏
丁佳伟1, 2, 3 , 吕大刚1, 2, 3 , 曹正罡1, 2, 3
作者信息
  • 1.哈尔滨工业大学结构工程灾变与控制教育部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090
  • 2.哈尔滨工业大学智能防灾减灾工业和信息化部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090
  • 3.哈尔滨工业大学地震灾害防治应急管理部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090
  • 丁佳伟(1995—),男,博士研究生。E-mail:

通讯作者:

吕大刚(1970—),男,博士,教授。E-mail:
Spatial correlation of spectral acceleration of mainshock-aftershock earthquake sequences
Jiawei DING1, 2, 3 , Dagang LYU1, 2, 3 , Zhenggang CAO1, 2, 3
Affiliations
  • 1.Key Lab of Structures Dynamic Behavior and Control of the Ministry of Education,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China
  • 2.Key Lab of Smart Prevention and Mitigation of Civil Engineering Disaster of the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China
  • 3.Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation of Ministry of Emergency Management,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150090,China
出版时间: 2025-07-10 doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.202307049
文章导航
收藏切换

按照一定的挑选准则从NGA-West2地震动数据库中挑选了8个主余震地震事件,560条主余震序列地震记录,采用ASK14地震预测方程对主余震序列进行残差分析,并获得各台站主余震序列地震动的事件内残差,对其进行标准化处理。依据地统计学半变异函数方法,采用指数半变异函数模型与手工拟合方法计算主余震序列的谱加速度的空间自相关性;鉴于Pearson线性相关系数可以较好地衡量定距变量之间的线性关系,采用Pearson线性相关系数计算不考虑空间信息的主余震序列地震动不同谱加速度周期间标准化事件内残差的互相关性;依据马尔可夫的假设原理,将空间信息引入到互相关性计算中,进而获得空间互相关性随空间距离(h)变化的表达式。结果表明:主震在空间自相关性、互相关特性等方面均与余震有明显不同,余震在长周期阶段普遍具有更高的空间相关性,忽略主震与余震的空间相关性或采用主震特性代替余震特性,将对地震危险性分析、损失评估以及主余震序列地震动的合成等方面的研究造成不利的影响。

主余震序列  /  半变异函数  /  空间自相关性  /  马尔可夫模型  /  空间互相关性

According to certain selection criteria,this paper selects 8 mainshock-aftershock events and 560 mainshock-aftershock sequences from NGA-West2 ground motion database,uses ASK14 ground motion prediction equation to carry out residual analysis on the mainshock-aftershock sequences,obtains the intra event residual of mainshock-aftershock sequences at each station,and standardizes them. According to the geostatistical semivariogram method,the exponential semivariogram model and the manual fitting method are used to calculate the spatial autocorrelation of the spectral acceleration period of the mainshock-aftershock sequence. Since the Pearson linear correlation coefficient can better measure the linear relationship between the fixed-distance variables,the Pearson linear correlation coefficient is used to calculate the cross-correlation of the normalized intra-event residuals between different spectral acceleration periods of the mainshock-aftershock sequence without considering the spatial cross-correlation. According to Markov’s hypothesis,the spatial information is introduced into the calculation of the cross-correlation,and then the expression of the change of the spatial cross-correlation with the spatial distance (h) is obtained. The results show that the mainshock is significantly different from aftershocks in terms of spatial autocorrelation and cross-correlation characteristics,and aftershocks generally have higher spatial correlation in the long-period stage. Neglecting the spatial correlation between the mainshock and aftershocks or using the characteristics of the mainshock to replace the characteristics of the aftershocks will adversely affect the research on earthquake hazard analysis,damage assessment,and the synthesis of main and aftershock sequences.

mainshock-aftershock sequence  /  semivariogram  /  spatial autocorrelation  /  Markov model  /  spatial cross-correlation
丁佳伟, 吕大刚, 曹正罡. 主余震序列地震动谱加速度的空间相关性研究. 振动工程学报, 2025 , 38 (7) : 1588 -1598 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.202307049
Jiawei DING, Dagang LYU, Zhenggang CAO. Spatial correlation of spectral acceleration of mainshock-aftershock earthquake sequences[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering, 2025 , 38 (7) : 1588 -1598 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.202307049
近年来随着结构全寿命设计理论的发展,余震作为一种自然灾害愈发引起学者的关注。余震发生在主震之后,是由主震发展而来的,与主震在震源机制、震源位置、震级等方面存在一定的联系。由于主震和余震的时间间隔较短,主震损伤结构无法及时进行修复和加固,在余震作用下将发生较为显著的增量损伤,甚至发生倒塌等严重破坏,造成巨大的经济损失和人员伤亡。余震和主震在震源、传播路径以及场地条件等方面的相似性,导致主震地震动与余震地震动在幅值、持时以及频谱等强度参数方面具有一定的相关性[1]
地面运动预测方程(GMPE)也被称为地震动衰减关系或地震动模型,一般用来估计某单一位置处地震动强度参数(IMs)的概率分布(中值和方差),它是概率地震危险性分析以及风险评估的重要工具,目前空间相关性的研究均从给定的GMPE中分离出相关残差进行统计分析。地震事件的空间相关性可以分为地震事件间的空间相关性(事件间残差ηj)和地震事件内不同台站间的空间相关性(事件内残差εij)。BOORE等[2]对1994年北岭地震的峰值地面加速度(PGA)参数进行了空间相关性分析,发现PGA的空间相关性随着两个地点之间距离的增大而减小。GODA等[3-4]利用9次地震事件研究了PGA和1~3 s的谱加速度(Sa)的空间相关性,提出了Sa的空间相关性变化系数的经验拟合公式。JAYARAM等[5]研究了7次地震谱加速度在不同周期之间的空间相关性,进一步验证了随着台站之间距离的增加,空间相关性降低的结论,并发现随着周期的增大,空间相关性衰减变慢。ESPOSITO等[6-7]发现不同地震动预测方程对同一记录的空间相关性没有显著影响。DU等[8]采用9次地震共1500次地震记录研究了累积绝对速度(CAV)、阿里亚斯强度(Ia)以及Sa的空间相关性,结果表明残差与剪切波速具有密切的关系,并将剪切波速融入到空间相关性的计算中。陈鲲等[9]利用美国加州纳帕Mw=6.0地震的344组水平强震记录,研究了PGA、峰值地面速度(PGV)、Sa (0.3 s)、Sa (1.0 s)与Sa (3.0 s)的空间相关性函数地震动空间相关性,并与其他相关性模型进行了比较。胡磊[10]对日本关东地区的地震记录进行了空间相关性分析。
对主震的强度参数(PGA,PGV,Sa,CAV等)的空间相关性研究比较充分,但对于余震的强度参数的空间相关性以及主余震序列之间参数的空间相关性研究甚少。其中ZHU等[11]利用Copula技术提出了主震与余震总残差的经验关联模型,并探索了余震条件均值谱的生成。PAPADOPOULOS等[12]利用NGA-West2数据库进行了主余震的事件间残差与事件内残差的相关性的对比分析,然而上述学者均忽略了IMs残差间的空间信息即典型的空间距离(h)对相关性的影响。
MUDERRISOGLU等[13]通过在主震发生条件下的非齐次泊松过程,开发了余震概率地震危险性分析(APSHA)的框架。由于缺乏主震-余震谱加速度的经验相关性估计,通常将后者视为独立的,一般通过假设双变量正态分布和不同程度的相关性来进行研究。在实际应用中,忽略这种相关性可能在某些情况下产生显著影响。随着地震灾害和风险评估由单一结构向空间分布的建筑和基础设施转变,以及不可忽视余震对结构造成的“二次损伤”,区域的主余震地震危险性分析、区域的主余震风险评价及建筑损失评估中,不仅需要对主震地震事件同时估计多场点IM的联合超越概率,也要对余震IMs的空间相关性进行联合分析,从而实现对区域地震事件的整体危险性和灾害损失的综合估计。
本文介绍了利用地统计学半变异函数方法表征主余震序列IMs的空间自相关性随空间间距变化的具体步骤以及半变异函数模型与拟合方法。利用传统的Pearson线性相关对不考虑空间距离的IMs进行了互相关性分析,基于马尔可夫(Markov)模型的性质,进一步考虑空间距离对主余震序列IMs的空间互相关性的影响。本文按照一定的挑选准则,以8次主余震事件,560条主余震序列地震动为例,分析了主震与余震在空间的自相关性与互相关性,结果表明,主震与余震的空间相关性存在明显的区别。
针对地震事件j,特定场点台站i的地震动强度参数的预测方程服从下式:
lnYij=lnY¯ij(M,R,θ)+ηj+εij
式中,Yij代表地震事件j发生时,台站i处的地震动强度参数,通常为Sa、PGA、PGV、Ia等强度参数指标;Y¯ij(M,R,θ)表示在给定的震级(M)、震源距(R)以及其他参数(θ)下地震动预测方程估计该地震动强度参数的中位值;ηj代表事件间的残差,对于给定的地震事件的所有台站的地震记录,ηj为一常数,代表着不同地震事件均值的系统偏差,服从均值为0、标准差为τj的独立正态分布;εij为事件内的残差,对不同台站的地震记录是一个变量,服从均值为0、标准差为σij的独立正态分布。总残差的标准差可以表示为σT = (σij2+τj21/2。GMPE通常假设IM服从对数正态分布,对数化地震动强度参数服从正态分布:
lnYijN(lnY¯ij(M,R,θ),σT)
其中标准化后的事件内残差εij可以表示为:
εij'=εijσij
半变异函数是地统计学中研究空间变异性的工具函数,用来表征随机变量的空间变异结构,或空间连续性,在空间随机向量的建模中得到了广泛的应用,不少学者应用半变异函数构造经验地震动强度参数的空间相关性模型。当随机变量V的均值不随位置m变化,其协方差Cov[Vm),Vn)]取决于样本点mn之间的距离h时,即随机变量V满足二阶平稳假设[15],如下式所示:
{E[Vi(m)]=mi;  i1,,nE[(Vi(m)-mi)(Vj(n)-mj)]=Cij(h);   i,j1,,n
先前的研究已经证明[5-9],地震动强度参数的残差的空间相关性并不取决于空间间距的方向,同时一般假设事件内残差空间分布的各向同性,因此可以考虑将空间间距表示为h=h,即半变异函数可以表示为[15-16]
γ(h)=12Var[V(m+h)-V(m)]=    12[E(V(m+h)-V(m))]2-    12E[(V(m+h)-V(m))2]
由于地震动的事件内残差满足二阶平稳假设,即
γ(h)=12E[(V(m+h)-V(m))2]
经验半变异函数可以表示为[16]
γ(h)=12N(h)i=1N(h)[V(mi+h)-V(mi)]2
式中,h为滞后距(即空间两点间距离);γh)表示距离为h时的半变异函数的经验估计值;Nh)表示样本间所有距离为h的台站的对数;Vmi+h)与Vmi)分别代表距离为h时两台站的标准化事件内残差值。与半变异函数类似的协方差Ch)可以表示为:
C(h)=Cov(V(m),V(m+h))=    E[(V(m)-E[V(m)])(V(m+h)-    E[V(m+h)])]
联立式(6)与(7)可得:
γ(h)=C(0)-C(h)
相关性函数ρh)可以表示为:
ρ(h)=C(h)C(0)
结合式(8)与(9)可得:
γ(h)=C(0)[1-ρ(h)]=Var(V)[1-ρ(h)]
从而将半变异函数γh)与相关性函数ρh)进行了结合,可以通过对半变异函数的估计来获得随机变量的空间相关性分布。
常见的二阶平稳各向同性半变异函数的理论模型有:
指数型:
γ^(h)=a[1-exp(-3h/b)]
球状:
γ^(h)={a[32(hb)-12(hb)3], hba, 其他
高斯型:
γ^(h)=a[1-exp(-3h2/b2)]
式中,a为基台(sill);b为变程(range),在指数模型中一般取95%基台对应的变程b值作为空间相关距。在地震记录数据的处理中,学者们发现形式简单、计算方便的指数型半变异函数更适用于地震空间相关性的计算。
通常采用手工拟合法或最小二乘法对经验半变异函数值进行拟合估计,采用最小二乘法虽然可以提高计算效率,但对于更加注重短距离区间的空间相关性来说,采用最小二乘法是在整个区间等权重拟合,在一定的程度上削弱了短距离的空间相关性,JAYARAM等[5]讨论了最小二乘法和手工拟合法(即一种专注于在短分离距离拟合经验半变异函数的手动拟合方法)等不同方法在拟合经验半变异函数方面的优缺点,并认为手工拟合法不仅使用简单,且在分离“有实际意义的距离”上更适合。因此本文采用更为有效的手工拟合方法进行半变异函数拟合。图1为基于指数半变异函数模型分别采用手工拟合方法与最小二乘法拟合的典型谱加速度周期(Sa(T=0.05 s)、Sa(T=1 s))的半变异函数模型。可以明显地看出,手工拟合方法可以实现对短距离空间相关性变化趋势的准确估计。
互相关分析是指对两个或多个具备相关性的变量元素进行分析,从而衡量两个因素的相关密切程度,在对地震动强度参数的残差进行互相关分析时,可以分别考虑两种互相关性分析方法,一种是忽略残差的地理位置等信息,仅对两种变量本身进行经验统计相关性分析,这种方法也是最为通用的,因其简单,不需要考虑变量的其他信息,具有一定可靠性;另一种是考虑残差的地理空间位置信息,对于具有空间信息的变量来说,忽略变量的空间信息会对其相关性等特性具有重要的影响,因此全局考虑变量的空间信息,对变量的相关性具有重要意义。各台站得到地震动强度参数的残差具有显著的空间特征信息,其中各台站的间距h对相关性的计算具有重要影响。
在不考虑参数间空间信息h时,通常采用更为直观的相关系数反映两种不同参数之间相关性的强弱。本文选取三种典型的相关系数:Pearson线性相关系数、Kendall秩相关系数、Spearman秩相关系数计算不同周期谱加速度标准化事件内残差的相关性。它们可分别用来反映变量间线性相关程度、一致性变化程度以及单调相关程度,计算公式分别为:
ρP=i=1N(x1i-x¯1)(x2i-x¯2)i=1N(x1i-x¯1)2i=1N(x2i-x¯2)2
τ=i<jsign[(x1i-x1j)(x2i-x2j)]0.5N(N-1)
ρS=i=1N(ri-r¯)(si-s¯)i=1N(ri-r¯)2i=1N(si-s¯)2
式中,x1ix2i分别为任意两个不同周期谱加速度标准化残差的第i个值;x¯1x¯2分别为它们的样本均值;N为样本容量;sign[⋅]为符号函数,其中当(x1i-x1j)(x2i-x2j)>0时sign=1,否则sign=0;risi分别为向量θ中任意两个参数的秩,r¯s¯分别为它们的样本均值。
将条件作用于较小的变量集而不是考虑的全部变量集的模型称为马尔可夫模型。JOURNEL[14]引入了一个马尔可夫模型用于两个随机变量:主要变量Z1u)和次要变量Z2u)的联合建模,考虑到“筛选”假设如下:
E{Z2(u)|Z1(u),Z1(u+h)}=E{Z2(u)|Z1(u)}  h
假设次要变量Z2u)对主要变量Z1u)的依赖仅限于同位主变量,排除其他主要变量Z1u+h)对Z1u)的影响。基于上述假设,两个标准化变量的互相关性可以表示为:
ρ12(h)=E{Z2(u)Z1(u+h)}=E{Z2(u)Z1(u+h)|Z1(u)=z1,Z1(u+h)=z1'}fh(z1,z1')dz1dz1'=y'E{Z2(u)|Z1(u)=z1,Z1(u+h)=z1'}fh(z,z')dz1dz1'=y'E{Z2(u)|Z1(u)=z1}fh(z1,z1')dz1dz1'=ρ12(0)z1z'fh(z1,z1')dz1dz1'=ρ12(0)ρ1(h)
式中,fh(z1,z1')为主要变量Z1u)的二维概率密度函数;ρ1h)为标准化主要变量Z1u)的空间相关图或协方差;ρ12h)为空间互相关图或互协方差;ρ12(0)为主要变量Z1u)和次要变量Z2u)的线性相关系数;z1Z1u)向量的子变量。
主要变量Z1u)是主、次要变量中相关范围较大的变量,在此假设下,两个变量之间的空间相关性可以表示为:
ρ12(h)=ρ12(0)ρ1(h)
在二阶平稳以及各向同性的假设条件下,||h||=h,上式可以表示为:
ρ12(h)=ρ12(0)ρ1(h)
式(21)根据马尔可夫模型的性质,构造了考虑空间信息互相关性的表达式,将互相关性与空间距离h联系起来。GODA等[3]提出了与上述类似的模型表征不同周期(Z1=lnSa(T1),Z2=lnSa(T2))谱加速度之间的空间互相关性,如下式所示:
ρ(T1,T2,h)ρ0(T1,T2)ρ(Tmax,h)
式中,Tmax=max{T1, T2},即默认周期越大,空间自相关性越大,这与上面的主要变量Z1u)的定义基本一致,但是发现在中长周期阶段的空间相关性随周期增大呈增长趋势,即ρTminh)<ρTmaxh),而在短周期却存在ρTminh)>ρTmaxh)的现象,因此相对于GODA等[3]提出的公式,本文依据马尔可夫原理进行了精细化改进,如下式所示:
{ρ(T1,T2,h)ρ0(T1,T2)ρ(T0,h) ρ(T0,h)=max{ρ(T1,h),ρ(T2,h)}
研究主余震序列地震动作用下结构的抗震性能以及如何科学合理地选择主余震序列地震动是一个非常关键的问题。本文利用太平洋地震工程研究中心(PEER)的NGA-West2地震动数据库,依据以下原则挑选主余震系列地震动:
(1)只挑选主震及其震级最大的余震作为研究对象;
(2)主震地震动和相应的余震地震动记录必须来自同一记录台站,并且台站数目大于20;
(3)主震和余震的PGA大于0.05g,较小的PGA地震记录对结构影响不大;
(4)主震和余震地震记录的可用反应谱周期在0.01~10 s;
(5)主震和余震均发生在浅层地壳,且台站须处于自由场地或者结构低矮处,从而可以忽略土-结构间的相互作用。
最终,本文获取了8次主余震事件的560组水平地震记录,其中所选主余震地震动的基本信息及计算质心Joyner-Boore距离(CRJB)如表1所示。
图2分别给出了各台站主震与余震下的Joyner-Boore距、台站场地剪切波速Vs30的分布关系。可以看出,主震相对于余震距离震中位置更近,Joyner-Boore距更小,其中剪切波速Vs30大致均匀分布在200~600 m/s。
谱加速度作为典型的地震动强度参数,广泛应用于地震动空间相关性的分析。目前存在很多方法用来计算两个水平分量地震动记录的代表性谱加速度幅值,考虑到NGA-West2项目相关的地震动预测方程模型是基于所有水平方向地震动记录给出的每一指定周期谱加速度的中位值,本文根据BOORE等[17-18]提出的与观测仪器布设方向无关的方法,计算560个台站的两个水平地震记录得到所有非冗余角谱值的中值谱加速度(SaRotD50),周期为0.01~10 s,共划分105个周期点。本文利用ASK14[19]基于NGA-West2地震数据库提出的地震动预测方程,采用混合效应回归方法,对所有台站的SaRotD50进行回归分析,得到事件内残差εij
图3(a)为主震Sa(T=0.1 s)与Sa(T=1 s)的标准化事件内残差的分布图;图3(b)为余震Sa(T=0.1 s)与Sa(T=1 s)的标准化事件内残差的分布图。图4(a)为主震Sa(T=0.1 s)与余震Sa(T=0.1 s)的标准化事件内残差的分布图;图4(b)为主震Sa(T=0.1 s)与余震Sa(T=1 s)的标准化事件内残差的分布图。
在地统计学中通常采用半变异函数表示不同场点的地震动强度参数的空间自相关性,在采用式(7)对标准化后的事件间残差εij'半变异函数经验值估计时,需要保证台站间距离区间[hh/2,hh/2]内具有足够多的台站对数目Nh),如图5所示,本文分别计算了当间隔Δh=2 km与Δh=3 km时台站对数目随台站间距的直方图,可以发现:当Δh=2 km时,最小的台站对数目为46;而Δh=3 km时,最小的台站对数目为102,GODA等[3-4]建议距离区间的台站对数目不小于80个,才可保证数据统计计算的可靠性。因此本文采用台站间距离间隔Δh=3 km进行主震余震地震动序列的空间自相关性研究。
本文基于指数半变异函数模型采用手工拟合方法对主余震序列地震记录的不同周期的谱加速度的标准化事件内残差进行分析,结果如图6所示。可以看出,随着周期的增大,整体上,主震与余震地震动的半变异函数γh)的增长速率变小,且余震更加明显,同时发现大部分情况下余震的增长速率较主震的增长速率更低。
因标准化后事件内残差的方差为1,故根据式(11)可以得到强度参数空间相关性ρh)的表达式:
ρ(h)=1-γ(h)
图7对比了主震与余震在典型周期的空间相关性曲线,这种空间相关性也可以被近似地认为是空间分布的地震动时程的相似性。可以发现整体上,余震与主震相比,空间相关性衰减得更慢,特别是中长周期;同时随着周期的增大,空间相关性ρh)的衰减速率减小,空间相关性更大,导致这种现象的主要原因是:地震波在传播过程中,由于波的散射作用,使得地震波的相似性降低。传播过程中,高频的地震波相似性减小的幅度更大,可能是因为短波长成分更容易被小尺度的异质体所影响或改变,因此短周期地震波的空间相关性没有长周期地震波显著。
图8分别计算了主震、余震谱加速度周期在0.01~10 s区间内指数半变异函数模型95%基台值(a)对应的变程b值(空间相关距)。相关距越大,空间相关性衰减得越慢,可以看出,在T小于1.2 s时,主震与余震的空间相关距变化趋势基本一致,在20~40 km之间;当周期T在1.2~3.2 s之间时,主震的空间相关距稍大于余震的空间相关距;当T大于3.2 s时,可以发现余震的空间相关距大于主震的空间相关距,这也进一步说明了余震的空间相关性相比主震衰减得更慢,具有更高的空间相关性。因此主余震的空间相关性的变化趋势具有明显的区别,特别是在中长周期阶段。
依据2.1节,当不考虑变量的空间信息时,一般采用更加简单直观的相关系数来表征两种参数的相关性,采用上述三种不同的相关系数计算方法,分别针对主震不同周期谱加速度间标准化事件内残差,以及余震不同周期谱加速度间标准化事件内残差,进行了相关性分析。图9所示为典型周期的三种不同的相关性计算结果。整体上,三种相关系数随周期的变化趋势一致,都可以较好地表征不同参数间的相关性,Pearson线性相关系数与Spearman秩相关系数的计算结果更加接近,而Kendall秩相关系数相对较小。考虑到Spearman秩相关系数更注重于变量间的单调性,是对定序变量的统计,且对于数据错误和极端值的反应不敏感,而Kendall相关系数是对于定类变量的统计,因此对于不同周期谱加速度间标准化事件内残差这种定距变量来讲,采用Pearson线性相关系数最为合适。图10为主震、余震不同周期间的Pearson线性相关系数的等值线图。图11对比了给定周期的主震与余震的相关系数随其他周期的变化曲线,可以看出,在给定周期的附近区间,无论主震还是余震均具有较高且类似的相关性,随着远离给定周期,相关性均呈现衰减的趋势,且周期与给定周期的间隔越大,相关性越低。其中,相对余震,主震在长周期的衰减速率更快,余震在长周期的相关性明显大于主震,在短周期阶段,两者的相关性相差不大。综上,主震与余震的相关性的变化趋势具有明显的不同,特别是在长周期阶段,因此深入地研究主震与余震的相关性的差异具有重要的意义。
为进一步探究主震与余震在同一周期谱加速度标准化事件内残差的相关性,以及主余震不同周期间的相关性,本文依旧采用Pearson线性相关系数进行计算。图12(a)为所有主震周期与余震周期的相关系数的等值线图,图12(b)为典型周期余震与主震的相关性,绿色直线分别表示主震周期在0.05、0.1、1和5 s时与余震同一周期的相关系数,可以发现,主余震相关性最大值几乎出现在相同周期,且随着远离给定周期,相关性呈现衰减趋势,特别是在长周期阶段呈现出负相关的性质。周期在3 s以前,最大相关性(图中红色实线)在0.3以上,而随着周期增大,最大相关性呈衰减趋势,特别是当周期为10 s时,相关性几乎为0。总体上,长周期的相关性低于短周期的相关性。
2.2节采用马尔可夫原理,构造了考虑空间信息的互相关性函数模型,根据式(21)可以计算主震不同周期间的空间互相关性、余震不同周期间的空间互相关性和主余震间不同周期的互相关性。本文采用相关距离更大的周期作为主要变量Z1u),如式(23)所示,因为在同一距离h下,相关距离越大,相关性就越大。图13(a)为当h=20 km时主震不同周期间标准化事件内残差的空间互相关性等值线图,图13(b)给出了指定周期与其他周期随空间距离h的空间互相关性的变化趋势。图14为余震的不同周期间互相关性的计算结果,图15为主震与余震的不同周期间互相关性的计算结果。
对比图131415可以发现,余震相较于主震,整体上具有更高空间互相关性,在长周期阶段间的空间互相关性较短周期更大,这种现象与余震较主震具有更高的空间相关距以及长周期具有更高的互相关性有重要的关系,同时,周期的间隔越大,空间互相关性越小,这种现象在主余震空间互相关性上表现得最为明显(如图15所示),造成这种现象的主要原因是长周期与短周期的地震波在传播场地介质中受到散射等因素的影响,其主要的频率成分发生明显变化,进而导致其相关性具有明显的区别。且主震与余震之间不同周期的空间互相关性要明显低于主震周期间、余震周期间的空间互相关性,这种现象在后续对余震地震记录的合成以及依据主震信息合成余震地震记录中起到重要作用,为合理评估主震与余震的相关性奠定了基础。
本文以挑选出来的主余震地震动序列为例,通过地统计学方法分别计算了主震、余震不同周期谱加速度标准化事件内残差的经验半变异函数值,采用指数半变异函数模型与手工拟合方法得到IMs的空间相关性函数,结果表明:整体上主震与余震的空间相关性随着周期的增大而增大,特别是在长周期阶段具有更高的相关性,同时发现主震与余震在周期大于1.2 s以后,余震的空间相关性变化与主震的空间相关性变化具有明显的区别。
本文采用Pearson线性相关系数来计算不考虑空间信息(h)主震、余震以及主余震之间不同谱加速度周期的互相关性,结果表明:在短周期内,主震、余震不同周期间的互相关的大小以及变化趋势保持一致,然而在长周期处,余震的互相关性明显大于主震的互相关性。随着远离给定周期,互相关性呈衰减趋势,且周期间隔越大,互相关性越小。对于主震与余震之间的互相关性而言,最大互相关性发生在主震周期等于余震周期处,中短周期主震与余震的最大互相关性系数在0.3左右,而长周期的互相关性更低。采用马尔可夫模型将空间距离引入到主余震序列的不同周期互相关分析中,发现余震相对于主震具有更高的空间互相关性,且主震与余震之间的空间互相关性明显低于自身的空间相关性。
综上所述,主震与余震的空间自相关性以及互相关性具有明显的差异,这种主余震之间的相关性为主余震的地震动合成、挑选以及概率地震危险性分析奠定了基础。同时考虑主余震的空间相关性对大跨度桥梁、生命线工程及建筑群落的空间分布系统的地震风险损失评估、风险防控、地震区划、交通基础设施与城市韧性建设具有重要意义。
  • 国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFB2600500)
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52078176)
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51678209)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
朱瑞广,吕大刚.基于Copula函数的主余震地震动强度参数相关性分析[J].工程力学2019,36(2):114-123.
ZHU RuiguangLYU Dagang. Copula-based correlation analysis of intensity measures of mainshock-aftershock ground motions[J] Engineering Mechanics2019,36 (2):114-123.
[2]
BOORE D MGIBBS J FJOYNER W B,et al. Estimated ground motion from the 1994 Northridge,California,earthquake at the site of the Interstate 10 and La Cienega Boulevard Bridge Collapse,West Los Angeles,California[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America2003,93(6):2737-2751.
[3]
GODA KHONG H P. Spatial correlation of peak ground motions and response spectra[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America2008,98(1):354-365.
[4]
GODA KATKINSON G M. Intraevent spatial correlation of ground-motion parameters using SK-net data [J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America2010,100(6):3055-3067.
[5]
JAYARAM NBAKER J W. Correlation model for spatially distributed ground-motion intensities[J]. Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics2009,38(15):1687-1708.
[6]
ESPOSITO SIERVOLINO I. PGA and PGV spatial correlation models based on european multievent datasets[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America2011,101(5):2532-2541.
[7]
ESPOSITO SIERVOLINO I. Spatial correlation of spectral acceleration in European data[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America2012,102(6):2781-2788.
[8]
DU W QWANG G. Intra-event spatial correlations for cumulative absolute velocity,Arias intensity,and spectral accelerations based on regional site conditions[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America2013,103(2A):1117-1129.
[9]
陈鲲,俞言祥,高孟潭,等. 地震动的空间相关性—以纳帕地震为例[J]. 地震地质2020,42(5):1218-1228.
CHEN KunYU YanxiangGAO Mengtan,et al. Study on spatial correlation of ground-motion:a case study of Napa earthquake[J]. Seismology and Geology2020,42(5):1218-1228.
[10]
胡磊. 日本关东地区地震动的空间相关性研究[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2021.
HU Lei. Spatial correlation of ground motion in the Kanto region,Japan[D]. Harbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administraton,2021.
[11]
ZHU R GLUO D GYU X H,et al. Conditional mean spectrum of aftershocks[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America2017,107(4):1940-1953.
[12]
PAPADOPOULOS A NKOHRANGI MBAZZURRO P. Correlation of spectral acceleration values of mainshock-aftershock ground motion pairs[J]. Earthquake Spectra2019,35(1):39-60.
[13]
MUDERRISOGLU ZYAZGAN U. Aftershock hazard assessment based on utilization of observed main shock demand[J]. Earthquake Spectra2018,34(2):569-586.
[14]
JOURNEL A G. Markov models for cross-covariances[J]. Mathematical Geology1999,31:955-964.
[15]
DEUTSCH C VJOURNEL A G. Geostatistical Software Library and User’s Guide[M]. Oxford:Oxford University Press,1998.
[16]
GOOVAERTS P. Geostatistics for Natural Resources Evaluation[M]. Oxford:Oxford University Press,1997.
[17]
BOORE D MWATSON-LAMPREY JABRAHAMSON N A. Orientation-independent measures of ground motion[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America2006,96(4A):1502-1511.
[18]
BOORE D M. Orientation-independent,nongeometric-mean measures of seismic intensity from two horizontal components of motion[J]. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America2010,100(4):1830-1835.
[19]
ABRAHAMSON N ASILVA W JKAMAI R. Summary of the ASK14 ground motion relation for active crustal regions[J]. Earthquake Spectra2014,30(3):1025-1055.
2025年第38卷第7期
PDF下载
59
30
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.202307049
  • 接收时间:2023-07-17
  • 首发时间:2026-02-09
  • 出版时间:2025-07-10
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2023-07-17
  • 修回日期:2023-11-14
基金
国家重点研发计划资助项目(2021YFB2600500)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52078176)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51678209)
作者信息
    1.哈尔滨工业大学结构工程灾变与控制教育部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090
    2.哈尔滨工业大学智能防灾减灾工业和信息化部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090
    3.哈尔滨工业大学地震灾害防治应急管理部重点实验室,黑龙江 哈尔滨 150090

通讯作者:

吕大刚(1970—),男,博士,教授。E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/zdgcxb/CN/10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.202307049
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏