Article(id=1228295390416535671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228295387077866291, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.01.014, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1669996800000, receivedDateStr=2022-12-03, revisedDate=1682438400000, revisedDateStr=2023-04-26, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1770778041699, onlineDateStr=2026-02-11, pubDate=1736438400000, pubDateStr=2025-01-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1770778041699, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-11, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1770778041699, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770778041699, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1228295387077866291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, year='2025', volume='38', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='222', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1770778040904, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770949073977, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1229012751838802169, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228295387077866291, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1229012751838802170, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1228295387077866291, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=126, endPage=134, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1228295391733547131, articleId=1228295390416535671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, language=EN, title=Damage analysis of steel frame self-centering braced tube structure under the action of earthquake and wind, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Vibration Engineering, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to reveal the damage distribution law of self-centering braced structure under simultaneous and successive actions of earthquake and wind, the damage of beams and columns and global damage of a 50-story steel frame self-centering braced tube structure are analyzed under earthquakes with different intensities and wind with a return period of fifty years. The results indicate that under earthquake alone and under simultaneous action of earthquake and wind, beams in braced tube are damaged earlier than those in exterior frame, and the damage of columns in braced tube develops faster than those in exterior frame. The simultaneous action of earthquake and wind increases the damage degree of columns and increases the maximum damage value of columns at the 31st story by 78.6%. As earthquake intensity increases, the amplification influence of the action of wind on structural global damage increases gradually. Under successive action of earthquake with different intensities and wind with a return period of fifty years, the action of wind increases the average value of maximum residual deformation ratio of seismic damaged structure. When the peak ground acceleration is 10 m/s2, the average value of maximum residual deformation ratio of seismic damaged structure is increased from 0.325% to 0.330% caused by wind load. However, wind load has less influence on the damage state of the most severely damaged member in seismic damaged structure.

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为揭示地震-风同时作用和先后作用下自复位支撑结构的损伤分布规律,对一50层钢框架-自复位支撑筒在不同强度地震动与50年重现期风荷载下的梁/柱构件和结构整体损伤进行分析。结果表明,地震单独作用和地震-风同时作用下,支撑筒梁均比外框架梁先受损,支撑筒柱较外框架柱损伤发展更快;地震-风同时作用增大了柱的损伤程度,使31层柱的最大损伤值增大了78.6%;随着地震动强度的增大,风荷载作用对结构整体损伤的加重程度逐渐增大。在不同强度的地震动与50年重现期风荷载先后作用下,风荷载增大了震损结构的最大残余变形角均值;当峰值地面加速度为10 m/s2时,风荷载使震损结构的最大残余变形角均值由0.325%增至0.330%,但风荷载对震损结构损伤最大构件的损伤状态影响不大。

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谢行思(1992—),男,博士,讲师。E-mail:
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徐龙河(1976—),男,博士,教授。E-mail:

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徐龙河(1976—),男,博士,教授。E-mail:

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Advances in Structural Engineering2015,18(7):941-958., articleTitle=Equivalent seismic performance optimization of steel structures based on nonlinear damage analysis, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1228299349780788105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295390416535671, awardId=52125804, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(52125804), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1228299349885645711, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295390416535671, awardId=52208455, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金资助项目(52208455), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1228299340603650537, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295390416535671, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1228299340612039146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295390416535671, companyId=1228299340603650537, language=EN, country=null, 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8, caption=Damage values of beams under GM2 ground motion action with PGAs of 8 and 10 m/s2 and under simultaneous action of earthquake and wind, figureFileSmall=KEeuWx1NujZ9DCGf927qKQ==, figureFileBig=avsvSyfoHyFHpOXCyTJNIg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228299346043663069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295390416535671, language=CN, label=图8, caption=PGA为8和10 m/s2的GM2地震动作用和地震-风同时作用下的梁损伤值, figureFileSmall=KEeuWx1NujZ9DCGf927qKQ==, figureFileBig=avsvSyfoHyFHpOXCyTJNIg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228299346144326376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295390416535671, language=EN, label=Fig. 9, caption=Damage values of columns at the 31st story under GM2 ground motion action and under simultaneous action of earthquake and wind, figureFileSmall=kMw4aIj+Rkem22stRWW3ag==, figureFileBig=nE1quiE9B1zGgo5kgCTpjw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228299346253378286, 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tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295390416535671, language=EN, label=Fig. 11, caption=Damage values of beam L18 at the 33rd story under GM2 ground motion action alone and under successive action of earthquake and wind, figureFileSmall=cgSGeXQ4REQ004qalUuhOw==, figureFileBig=BMHoZxdjpDSAQ1UitTyZWA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228299346723140366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295390416535671, language=CN, label=图11, caption=GM2地震动单独作用和地震、风先后作用下33层梁L18损伤值, figureFileSmall=cgSGeXQ4REQ004qalUuhOw==, figureFileBig=BMHoZxdjpDSAQ1UitTyZWA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1228299346836386578, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295390416535671, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Material parameters of steel members

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数数值参数数值
εth0.001Eh/MPa200
εcr0.24α/MPa300
dcr0.065C/MPa800
d00β0.5
α0.2173
), ArticleFig(id=1228299346966410013, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295390416535671, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

钢构件材料参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数数值参数数值
εth0.001Eh/MPa200
εcr0.24α/MPa300
dcr0.065C/MPa800
d00β0.5
α0.2173
), ArticleFig(id=1228299347104822050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295390416535671, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Most severely damaged members under earthquake action with PGA of 10 m/s2

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地震动记录最大损伤构件信息
损伤值所在楼层
GM10.2629层
GM20.41533层
GM30.2777层
GM40.24632层
GM50.27714层
GM60.1389层
GM70.1549层
), ArticleFig(id=1228299347209679658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295390416535671, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

PGA为10 m/s2的地震作用下最大损伤构件信息

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地震动记录最大损伤构件信息
损伤值所在楼层
GM10.2629层
GM20.41533层
GM30.2777层
GM40.24632层
GM50.27714层
GM60.1389层
GM70.1549层
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Difference factors of damage in beams

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PGA/(m•s-2损伤差异因子
31层32层33层34层35层36层
40.0300.0520.0520.0390.0240.014
5.880.0530.0450.0400.0400.0350.019
80.0380.0210.0310.0260.0250.032
100.0730.0400.0290.0370.0330.027
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梁损伤差异因子

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PGA/(m•s-2损伤差异因子
31层32层33层34层35层36层
40.0300.0520.0520.0390.0240.014
5.880.0530.0450.0400.0400.0350.019
80.0380.0210.0310.0260.0250.032
100.0730.0400.0290.0370.0330.027
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Damage values of beams at the 31st story under GM2 ground motion action alone

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PGA/(m•s-2损伤值
L8L13L17L18L19
40.0060.0070.0000.1660.000
5.880.0760.0750.0610.2500.055
80.1190.1190.1250.3080.123
100.1310.1320.1380.3510.137
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GM2地震动单独作用下31层梁损伤值

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PGA/(m•s-2损伤值
L8L13L17L18L19
40.0060.0070.0000.1660.000
5.880.0760.0750.0610.2500.055
80.1190.1190.1250.3080.123
100.1310.1320.1380.3510.137
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Damage values of beams at the 31st story under simultaneous action of GM2 ground motion and wind load

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PGA/(m•s-2损伤值
L8L13L17L18L19
40.0170.0160.0110.1640.005
5.880.0800.0810.0850.2370.078
80.1220.1240.1350.2960.132
100.1460.1470.1630.3520.161
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GM2地震动和风荷载同时作用下31层梁损伤值

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PGA/(m•s-2损伤值
L8L13L17L18L19
40.0170.0160.0110.1640.005
5.880.0800.0810.0850.2370.078
80.1220.1240.1350.2960.132
100.1460.1470.1630.3520.161
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Importance coefficients of columns at the 31st story of structure

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柱号重要性系数
Z10.061
Z20.062
Z80.071
Z90.107
Z140.008
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结构31层柱重要性系数

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柱号重要性系数
Z10.061
Z20.062
Z80.071
Z90.107
Z140.008
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Structural global damage values under GM2 ground motion action alone and under simultaneous action of earthquake and wind

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PGA/(m•s-2)仅地震作用地震+R50风荷载同时作用
40.0010.003
5.880.0160.026
80.0660.086
100.0900.115
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GM2地震动作用和地震-风同时作用下的结构整体损伤值

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PGA/(m•s-2)仅地震作用地震+R50风荷载同时作用
40.0010.003
5.880.0160.026
80.0660.086
100.0900.115
), ArticleFig(id=1228299349399106421, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295390416535671, language=EN, label=Tab. 8, caption=

Structural maximum residual deformation ratios under ground motion action alone and under successive action of earthquake and wind(Unit:%)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地震动记录PGA=8 m/s2PGA=10 m/s2
仅地震作用地震+R50风荷载先后作用仅地震地震+R50风荷载先后作用
GM10.0190.0230.0320.029
GM21.3381.3821.8581.898
GM30.1320.1160.1150.112
GM40.0620.0690.1370.147
GM50.0630.0570.0660.080
GM60.0120.0100.0220.012
GM70.0270.0200.0460.034
均值0.2360.2400.3250.330
), ArticleFig(id=1228299349520741244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1228295390416535671, language=CN, label=表8, caption=

地震动单独作用和地震、风先后作用下结构最大残余变形角(单位:%)

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地震动记录PGA=8 m/s2PGA=10 m/s2
仅地震作用地震+R50风荷载先后作用仅地震地震+R50风荷载先后作用
GM10.0190.0230.0320.029
GM21.3381.3821.8581.898
GM30.1320.1160.1150.112
GM40.0620.0690.1370.147
GM50.0630.0570.0660.080
GM60.0120.0100.0220.012
GM70.0270.0200.0460.034
均值0.2360.2400.3250.330
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地震与风作用下钢框架-自复位支撑筒结构损伤分析
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徐龙河 , 刘媛媛 , 谢行思
振动工程学报 | 2025,38(1): 126-134
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振动工程学报 | 2025, 38(1): 126-134
地震与风作用下钢框架-自复位支撑筒结构损伤分析
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徐龙河 , 刘媛媛, 谢行思
作者信息
  • 北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京 100044
  • 徐龙河(1976—),男,博士,教授。E-mail:

通讯作者:

谢行思(1992—),男,博士,讲师。E-mail:
Damage analysis of steel frame self-centering braced tube structure under the action of earthquake and wind
Longhe XU , Yuanyuan LIU, Xingsi XIE
Affiliations
  • School of Civil Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
出版时间: 2025-01-10 doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.01.014
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为揭示地震-风同时作用和先后作用下自复位支撑结构的损伤分布规律,对一50层钢框架-自复位支撑筒在不同强度地震动与50年重现期风荷载下的梁/柱构件和结构整体损伤进行分析。结果表明,地震单独作用和地震-风同时作用下,支撑筒梁均比外框架梁先受损,支撑筒柱较外框架柱损伤发展更快;地震-风同时作用增大了柱的损伤程度,使31层柱的最大损伤值增大了78.6%;随着地震动强度的增大,风荷载作用对结构整体损伤的加重程度逐渐增大。在不同强度的地震动与50年重现期风荷载先后作用下,风荷载增大了震损结构的最大残余变形角均值;当峰值地面加速度为10 m/s2时,风荷载使震损结构的最大残余变形角均值由0.325%增至0.330%,但风荷载对震损结构损伤最大构件的损伤状态影响不大。

损伤识别  /  地震-风耦合作用  /  自复位支撑  /  高层钢结构  /  残余变形

In order to reveal the damage distribution law of self-centering braced structure under simultaneous and successive actions of earthquake and wind, the damage of beams and columns and global damage of a 50-story steel frame self-centering braced tube structure are analyzed under earthquakes with different intensities and wind with a return period of fifty years. The results indicate that under earthquake alone and under simultaneous action of earthquake and wind, beams in braced tube are damaged earlier than those in exterior frame, and the damage of columns in braced tube develops faster than those in exterior frame. The simultaneous action of earthquake and wind increases the damage degree of columns and increases the maximum damage value of columns at the 31st story by 78.6%. As earthquake intensity increases, the amplification influence of the action of wind on structural global damage increases gradually. Under successive action of earthquake with different intensities and wind with a return period of fifty years, the action of wind increases the average value of maximum residual deformation ratio of seismic damaged structure. When the peak ground acceleration is 10 m/s2, the average value of maximum residual deformation ratio of seismic damaged structure is increased from 0.325% to 0.330% caused by wind load. However, wind load has less influence on the damage state of the most severely damaged member in seismic damaged structure.

damage identification  /  coupling action of earthquake and wind  /  self-centering brace  /  high-rise steel structure  /  residual deformation
徐龙河, 刘媛媛, 谢行思. 地震与风作用下钢框架-自复位支撑筒结构损伤分析. 振动工程学报, 2025 , 38 (1) : 126 -134 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.01.014
Longhe XU, Yuanyuan LIU, Xingsi XIE. Damage analysis of steel frame self-centering braced tube structure under the action of earthquake and wind[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering, 2025 , 38 (1) : 126 -134 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.01.014
震害资料表明,历次地震造成的房屋破坏和倒塌导致了大量人员伤亡和经济损失。在强烈地震作用下,结构进入几何非线性状态,应力和应变进入深度塑性阶段,通常需要考虑累积损伤对结构受力性能的影响。钢结构的损伤可通过定义钢材损伤本构模型来考虑,WANG等[1-2]提出了包括骨架曲线、滞回准则和退化特征三部分的、能够考虑累积损伤的钢材等效本构模型,该模型能较为准确地表征强震作用下钢结构的刚度和承载力退化现象,可用于钢结构在强震作用下的弹/塑性分析。PIRONDI等[3]基于连续性损伤力学提出了采用非线性损伤演化准则的弹/塑性本构模型,该损伤本构模型假设损伤发展只与材料塑性变形相关,能很好地模拟钢材强度和刚度的退化以及材料失效断裂的过程。吕杨[4]结合经典弹塑性理论将该损伤本构模型进行修正,提出适用于空间纤维梁单元的单轴BONORA损伤本构模型,并在通用有限元分析软件LS-DYNA中对模型进行二次开发,使该模型可用于钢结构等的地震损伤分析。钢结构的损伤还可通过建立构件损伤模型和结构整体损伤模型来考虑。徐龙河等[5]提出了基于等效塑性应变和比能双控的构件损伤模型,该模型可以表征三轴应力下结构的损伤变化,能很好地评估强震下钢结构竖向构件及层的损伤发展过程。徐强等[6]提出了基于首超变形和累积塑性转角的双参数构件损伤模型,以及基于层间位移角和能量耗散的双参数线性组合的结构整体损伤模型,后者能同时考虑整体结构的首超破坏与累积损伤。
近年来,关于多灾害对结构影响的研究日益广泛。对高层结构而言,风灾害是其在服役期间除地震外面临的主要威胁,对结构性能有很大影响[7-8]。中、强地震发生时往往伴随强风的出现,KOZAK等[9]通过卫星观测地震震中附近区域的风速图发现,地震发生会引起风速的增强。LIN[10]记录了1995~2011年间中国台湾附近发生的102起台风和地震事件,发现台风和地震存在63.75%的潜在相关性。LI等[11]统计了云南省大理地区地震和强风同时发生的事件,数据表明,地震和强风同时发生的概率不可忽略。任重翠等[12]对风震联合作用下高层建筑主体结构的性能进行了研究,结果表明,主体结构非线性响应超出风、震单独作用的简单叠加,出现不利的扭转现象。李宏男等[13]开展了高层建筑在地震和强风耦合作用下的风险分析,结果表明,对于轻微破坏至重度破坏的极限状态,地震和强风同时作用引起的破坏概率占主导地位,较小强度地震和中等强度风荷载同时作用在结构上可引起较大的结构响应和损伤。ZHENG等[14]的研究结果也验证了分析高层建筑在地震和风等多灾害作用下的响应与损伤程度的必要性。
地震和风荷载通常对高层结构性能起控制作用,故研究地震-风耦合作用下的结构性能具有重要意义。预压碟簧自复位耗能(pre-pressed spring self-centering energy dissipation,PS-SCED)支撑作为新型韧性关键构件,由XU等[15]提出,其滞回响应呈稳定旗形,具备稳定的耗能和复位能力,能有效减小结构地震响应和残余位移,但支撑结构在地震-风耦合作用下的性能研究尚不全面。本文考虑钢材累积损伤,对一钢框架-PS-SCED支撑筒结构在地震-风同时作用和先后作用下的残余变形、构件和整体损伤分布进行研究,评价结构在地震-风耦合作用下的性能。
本文以一基于中国《建筑抗震设计规范》(GB 50011—2010)[16]进行设计、总高度为190.4 m、位于北京Ⅱ类场地的50层钢框架-PS-SCED支撑筒结构为研究对象,结构平面布置图如图1所示。结构梁/柱构件采用Q345号钢材,设计信息及相关构件尺寸详见文献[17]。该结构由PS-SCED支撑筒和外框架两个抗侧体系构成,其中,PS-SCED支撑筒具有较大抗侧刚度,主要承担水平荷载,外框架具有较好延性性能,主要承担竖向荷载,二者协同工作能有效提高结构性能,减轻结构损伤。
结构在LS-DYNA软件中的数值模型如图2所示。其中,采用纤维梁单元和单轴BONORA损伤本构模型[4]模拟梁、柱构件,将工字型梁和方钢管柱截面分别离散为如图3所示的15和16个纤维单元,梁、柱间刚接;采用分层壳单元[18]和LS-DYNA软件中的*MAT_CONCRETE_EC2材料模型模拟楼板;采用杆单元和能描述PS-SCED支撑旗形滞回特性的二次开发子程序[17]模拟支撑,支撑与框架之间铰接。结构前两阶自振周期均为5.17 s,结构阻尼采用瑞利阻尼模型。
单轴BONORA损伤本构模型中,损伤演化的基本方程为[4]
式中,λ为非负的塑性乘子;fd为材料损伤势函数;Y为与损伤相关联的变量;d分别为损伤增量和累积损伤值;d0dcr分别为材料初始损伤值和材料失效时的损伤值;εthεcr分别为材料损伤开始时的累积等效塑性应变和材料失效时的累积等效塑性应变;σmσeq分别为静水压力和等效应力;f(σm/σeq)为考虑三轴应力状态下的影响因子;α为损伤参数;κ和dκ分别为等效塑性应变和等效塑性应变增量。
在LS-DYNA软件中运用单轴BONORA损伤本构模型需定义构件材料参数,表1为主体结构钢构件的Q345材料参数取值[19]表1中,Eh为各向同性强化模量;α为材料最大随动强化值;C为随动强化模量;β为各向同性强化参数;dcr取值为0.065,表示构件最大损伤值为0.065,本文在结果分析中对损伤值进行归一化处理,使其取值范围调整为0~1。
本文所用地震动记录是文献[17]在美国太平洋地震工程研究中心地震动数据库中选取的7条天然地震动记录,记为GM1~GM7,7条地震动记录的平均加速度反应谱与目标反应谱的对比如图4所示,可见二者吻合较好。结构基底剪力在7条地震动作用下满足《建筑抗震设计规范》[16]的要求。结构底层柱底与地面固结,地震动记录沿x方向输入。结构在峰值地面加速度(peak ground acceleration,PGA)为0.7 m/s2(小震水准)和5.88 m/s2(巨震水准)仅地震作用下的最大层间位移角均值分别为0.24%和1.43%,在PGA为4 m/s2(大震水准)仅地震作用下的最大残余变形角均值为0.013%[17],具有良好的自复位性能。
风速由平均风速和脉动风速组成,平均风速为沿高度变化的函数,脉动风速可基于线性滤波法的自回归模型进行模拟。本文中所用风荷载时程可根据平均风速函数和模拟所得的脉动风速时程计算得出。北京地区50年重现期(记为R50)的基本风压为0.45 kN/m2,本文取基于自回归模型和Kaimal功率谱模拟得到的北京地区R50风荷载时程[17]进行分析。分析结构共50层,将每两层划分为一个区域,模拟风荷载作用于各区域两层交界处,共25个作用点,作用时长为100 s,时间间隔为0.02 s,风荷载沿x方向作用。图5为第15作用点在R50风荷载作用下的模拟脉动风速时程及其模拟谱和目标谱的对比,由图可知模拟谱和目标谱吻合较好。将地震动记录与风荷载时程叠加或先后施加至结构数值模型,即可分别分析结构在地震-风同时作用和先后作用下的性能。
本文中,结构的梁、柱截面损伤值取截面上纤维单元损伤值的平均值,即截面各纤维单元损伤值之和与截面纤维单元数量的比值;梁、柱构件损伤值取梁、柱两端截面损伤值中的较大值。
对结构施加PGA为10 m/s2的地震动,提取PGA为10 m/s2的7条地震动作用下结构的最大损伤构件信息并列于表2中。由表2可知,当地震动单独作用时,GM1、GM3、GM5、GM6和GM7作用下结构的最大损伤构件位于较低层支撑筒;GM2和GM4作用下结构的最大损伤构件位于较高层支撑筒,且GM2作用下损伤构件损伤值最大。图6为PGA为10 m/s2的GM1和GM2地震动作用下结构的损伤云图。由图6可见,GM2作用下结构损伤明显比GM1作用下更严重,在7条地震动中,结构在GM2作用下受损最严重,故本节着重分析不同强度的GM2地震动单独作用以及GM2地震动和R50风荷载同时作用下的结构损伤。
将GM2地震动的PGA分别调至4、5.88、8和10 m/s2,每种强度的GM2地震动分别与R50风荷载进行叠加,分析地震单独作用和地震-风同时作用下结构梁/柱构件及结构整体损伤。
地震动单独作用时,模拟总时长为80 s,0~30 s为地震动作用,30~80 s为空白波,结构发生自由振动;地震-风同时作用时,模拟总时长为150 s,其中,风荷载自0 s起持续加载至100 s,地震动从30 s起开始作用,100~150 s为空白波,结构发生自由振动。本节中损伤值均取自由振动结束后的损伤值。
4种PGA强度的GM2地震动单独作用以及GM2地震动和R50风荷载同时作用下,结构梁、柱损伤均主要集中在图6(b)所示的30~40层间,其中柱均为31层损伤最严重。因此,本文仅对结构31层柱和31~36层主梁的损伤进行分析。由于结构对称,取图1中的外框架柱Z1~Z7和支撑筒柱Z8~Z15,外框架梁L1~L14和支撑筒梁L15~L28进行分析。
由于本文中地震动为单向输入激励,地震单独作用和地震-风同时作用下结构各层均为图6(a)所示的与荷载作用方向一致的支撑筒梁先受损。PGA为4、5.88 m/s2和8、10 m/s2的GM2地震动作用和地震-风同时作用下,结构31、33和36层梁损伤值分别如图78所示。可以看出,各工况下均为支撑筒连梁L18损伤最大,支撑筒梁有效保护了外框架梁。
为进一步分析风荷载对各层梁损伤的影响程度,计算梁L1~L28在地震单独作用下和地震-风同时作用下损伤值的差值平方和,将差值平方和开平方后得出的结果定义为损伤差异因子,损伤差异因子越大,说明风荷载对梁损伤的影响越大。4种PGA强度的GM2地震动作用和地震-风同时作用下,结构31~36层梁的损伤差异因子如表3所示。PGA为4、5.88、8和10 m/s2时,31层梁损伤差异因子分别为0.030、0.053、0.038和0.073,36层梁损伤差异因子分别为0.014、0.019、0.032和0.027,可见,风荷载对31~36层中较高楼层的梁损伤影响较小。
提取与荷载输入方向平行的结构薄弱层31层梁L8、L13、L17、L18和L19,将其在4种PGA强度的GM2地震动单独作用以及GM2地震动和风荷载同时作用下的损伤值分别列于表45中。PGA为4、5.88和8 m/s2时,相较地震单独作用,地震-风同时作用下支撑筒连梁L18的损伤值分别减小了0.002、0.013和0.012,其余梁损伤值则有所增大,说明风荷载使支撑筒连梁L18的损伤集中程度减小,平行于荷载输入方向的各梁受损程度更加均匀。然而,极强烈地震作用下结构损伤程度已较为严重,此时若同时作用风荷载,将显著加重结构的损伤。当PGA进一步增大为10 m/s2时,风荷载使支撑筒连梁L18的损伤值增大了0.001,且对其余梁的损伤也有增大作用,此时风荷载对薄弱层各梁损伤均体现为不利影响。
4种PGA强度的GM2地震动作用和地震-风同时作用下结构的31层柱损伤值如图9所示。相较地震单独作用,地震-风同时作用增大了各柱的损伤。PGA为4 m/s2时,地震单独作用和地震-风同时作用下个别柱受损,且均为外框架柱Z1损伤值最大,分别为0.014和0.025,风荷载使柱Z1的损伤值增大了78.6%。PGA为5.88 m/s2时,地震单独作用和地震-风同时作用下大部分柱受损,均为外框架柱Z1损伤值最大,分别为0.046和0.055,风荷载使柱Z1的损伤值增大了19.6%。PGA为8 m/s2时,地震单独作用和地震-风同时作用下31层柱全受损,前者支撑筒柱Z9损伤值最大,为0.099,后者支撑筒柱Z11损伤值最大,为0.102。PGA为10 m/s2时,地震单独作用和地震-风同时作用下皆为支撑筒柱Z11损伤值最大,分别为0.121和0.140,风荷载使柱Z11的损伤值增大了15.7%。
地震单独作用和地震-风同时作用下,PGA为4和5.88 m/s2时,外框架柱Z1和Z2为该层损伤较大的柱;PGA增至8和10 m/s2时,支撑筒柱Z9和Z11的损伤值逐渐增大且超过外框架柱Z1和Z2。可见,随着地震动强度的增大,支撑筒柱相较外框架柱损伤发展更快,损伤逐渐集中到支撑筒柱,支撑筒柱有效减缓了外框架柱的损伤发展。
结构整体损伤与各层结构构件损伤情况相关。结构第j层损伤值Dj由该层构件损伤值加权组合得到[19]
式中,dij为第j层第i个构件的损伤值;ζij为第j层第i个构件的重要性系数,ζij的计算式如下[19]
式中,Δfijk为结构去掉第j层第i个构件后的第k阶频率相较完整结构第k阶频率的减小量;fk为完整结构的第k阶频率。本节定义最大楼层损伤值为结构整体损伤值。
为使所取结构频率对应的模态质量之和不小于结构等效质量的90%[19],取前15阶模态参数计算构件重要性系数。本文中楼层损伤值只考虑柱构件,由3.1节可知,结构31层柱损伤最严重,将截面尺寸和边界条件相同的柱归为同一类,故31层共有由柱Z1、Z2、Z8、Z9和Z14代表的5类柱,各类柱的重要性系数如表6所示。
根据构件重要性系数和损伤值,计算得出GM2地震动作用和地震-风同时作用下的结构整体损伤值如表7所示。在4种PGA强度等级下,地震-风同时作用下结构整体损伤值较小,但均大于地震单独作用下的结果。PGA为4、5.88、8和10 m/s2时,地震-风同时作用下的结构整体损伤值相较地震单独作用下的损伤值增量分别为0.002、0.010、0.020和0.025,PGA为10 m/s2时的增量是PGA为5.88 m/s2时的2.5倍。可见,在地震动基础上叠加风荷载将使结构损伤程度进一步加深,且地震动单独作用下结构损伤越重,叠加风荷载后其损伤加重程度越大,即风荷载对结构整体损伤的影响随着地震动强度的增大而逐渐增大。
结构遭受较大地震动作用后,风荷载的再次作用可能会对其损伤产生不利影响,而残余变形和构件损伤程度是反映结构损伤的重要指标,故本节主要研究风荷载作用对震损结构残余变形和损伤最大构件损伤发展的影响。将7条地震动记录的PGA分别调至8和10 m/s2,在其结束后继续施加R50风荷载,分析强烈地震作用后遭遇风荷载作用对震损结构性能的影响。仅地震作用时,模拟总时长为80 s,0~30 s为地震动作用,30~80 s结构发生自由振动以测算震后结构残余变形大小。震后有风荷载作用时,模拟总时长为190 s,0~30 s为地震动作用,30~40 s为空白波,40~140 s为R50风荷载作用,140~190 s结构发生自由振动以测算震后风荷载作用下结构残余变形大小。PGA为8和10 m/s2的7条地震动单独作用和地震、风先后作用下结构最大残余变形角均值如图10所示。可知,PGA为8和10 m/s2时,震后风荷载均增大了结构的最大残余变形角均值。
为进一步分析震后风荷载对结构最大残余变形角的影响,提取各工况下结构最大残余变形角如表8所示。PGA为8 m/s2时,在GM1,GM2和GM4地震动作用后,风荷载作用增大了震损结构的最大残余变形角,使震损结构最大残余变形角分别由0.019%增至0.023%、由1.338%增至1.382%和由0.062%增至0.069%;震后结构最大残余变形角均值为0.236%,风荷载作用后,残余变形角均值增至0.240%。PGA为10 m/s2时,在GM2、GM4和GM5地震动作用后,风荷载作用增大了震损结构的最大残余变形角,使震损结构最大残余变形角分别由1.858%增至1.898%、由0.137%增至0.147%和由0.066%增至0.080%;震后结构最大残余变形角均值为0.325%,风荷载作用后,残余变形角均值增至0.330%。可见,R50风荷载对震损结构在7条地震动作用下的最大残余变形角均值有不利影响。
为研究风荷载作用对震损结构损伤最大构件损伤发展的影响,提取了PGA为10 m/s2的GM2地震动单独作用和地震、风先后作用下结构损伤最大构件的截面各纤维单元在不同时刻下的损伤值,如图11所示。该构件为33层支撑筒连梁L18,构件损伤值为0.413,图11中曲线上的数字对应图3中梁截面各纤维单元。由图11可知,各纤维单元的损伤均在地震作用时间段内发展并达到稳定,震后的风荷载并未导致该构件截面各纤维单元损伤值明显增大。在本文所分析的PGA为8和10 m/s2的各地震动作用后,R50风荷载作用对结构损伤最大构件的损伤发展影响不大。
本文分析了PGA为4、5.88、8和10 m/s2的地震动单独作用下以及地震和50年重现期风荷载同时作用下的结构梁/柱构件和整体损伤;研究了PGA为8和10 m/s2的地震动和50年重现期风荷载先后作用下,风荷载对震损结构的残余变形和损伤最大构件损伤发展的影响。主要结论如下:
(1)在地震单独作用和地震-风同时作用下,与荷载输入方向一致的支撑筒梁均先受损,且结构最大损伤构件均为支撑筒连梁L18。
相较地震单独作用,地震-风同时作用增大了柱的损伤,使31层柱最大损伤值增大了15.7%~78.6%。地震单独作用和地震-风同时作用下,随着地震动强度的增大,支撑筒柱相较外框架柱损伤发展更快。
相较地震单独作用,地震-风同时作用增大了结构整体损伤值。PGA为10 m/s2的地震动和风荷载同时作用下结构整体损伤值增量是PGA为5.88 m/s2的地震动和风荷载同时作用下增量的2.5倍,说明地震动强度越大,风荷载对结构整体损伤的影响越明显。
(2)在地震、风先后作用下,50年重现期风荷载作用增大了PGA为8和10 m/s2的地震动作用后震损结构的最大残余变形角均值,分别增大了0.004%和0.005%。在遭受PGA为8和10 m/s2的地震动作用后,施加50年重现期风荷载作用对结构损伤最大构件的损伤状态影响不大。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52125804)
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52208455)
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2025年第38卷第1期
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doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2025.01.014
  • 接收时间:2022-12-03
  • 首发时间:2026-02-11
  • 出版时间:2025-01-10
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  • 收稿日期:2022-12-03
  • 修回日期:2023-04-26
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国家自然科学基金资助项目(52125804)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52208455)
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    北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京 100044

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谢行思(1992—),男,博士,讲师。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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