Article(id=1227620263643251547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1227620260010979924, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.05.007, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1660752000000, receivedDateStr=2022-08-18, revisedDate=1666886400000, revisedDateStr=2022-10-28, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1770617078934, onlineDateStr=2026-02-09, pubDate=1716825600000, pubDateStr=2024-05-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1770617078934, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-02-09, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1770617078934, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770617078934, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1227620260010979924, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, year='2024', volume='37', issue='5', pageStart='729', pageEnd='902', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1770617078068, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1770795280844, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1228367696677499202, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1227620260010979924, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1228367696677499203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, issueId=1227620260010979924, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=789, endPage=801, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1227620263861355357, articleId=1227620263643251547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, language=EN, title=Seismic reduction effect and optimal design of BRB in longitudinal bridge direction under seawater-seabed-cable stayed bridge interaction, columnId=null, journalTitle=Journal of Vibration Engineering, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Due to the existence of a deep seawater layer in marine sites,its influence on the seabed ground vibration characteristics and the seismic response of marine structures is significant and should not be ignored in the seismic analysis of marine structures such as cross-sea bridges. Therefore,to determine the influence of the seawater layer on the seismic response of the structure,the study establishes the seismic fluctuation analysis model based on the seismic fluctuation theory for the coupled seawater-seabed-stayed bridge. In addition,considering that the marine environment may pose a threat to the durability of the damping members,the study proposes a new type of cable-stayed bridge damping system using Bulking Restrained Brace(BRB)with excellent durability as the longitudinal damping member,and takes the Qingzhou Channel Bridge as the engineering background to verify the seismic response by comparing it with the floating system cable-stayed bridge model. The feasibility of the new type of seismic damping system considering the influence of the marine environment is verified. The study optimizes the location and equipment parameters of the BRB. The design method of BRB as a longitudinal damping member for cable-stayed bridge is further determined. It is found that the hydrodynamic effect generated by seawater under the seismic action will amplify the seismic response of the super⁃ structure of the cable-stayed bridge. By comparing the seismic response of the structure under different working conditions,it is confirmed that the best overall seismic damping effect of the bridge is achieved when the BRB is installed at the pier and tower locations simultaneously. Besides,the parameters such as yield bearing capacity of BRB also have a great influence on the seismic performance of cable-stayed bridges.

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由于海洋场地存在深厚的海水层,其对海底地震动特性以及海洋结构物的地震反应存在较大影响,在跨海桥梁等海洋结构物抗震分析时不容忽视。因此,研究基于地震波动理论建立海水-海床-斜拉桥耦合的地震波动分析模型,确定海水层对结构地震反应的影响。考虑海洋环境可能对减震构件的耐久性造成威胁,提出一种应用耐久性能优良的防屈曲支撑(Bulking Restrained Brace,BRB)作为纵桥向减震构件的斜拉桥减震体系,并且以青州航道桥为工程背景,通过其与漂浮体系斜拉桥模型的地震反应对比,验证了考虑海洋环境影响下该减震体系的可行性。研究对BRB的布设位置与设备参数等进行优化分析,进一步确定BRB作为斜拉桥纵桥向减震构件的设计方法。研究发现地震作用下海水产生的动水效应会放大斜拉桥上部结构的地震反应。通过对比不同工况下结构的地震反应,发现在桥墩与桥塔位置同时设置BRB时,桥梁整体减震效果最佳。另外,BRB的屈服承载力等参数对斜拉桥的抗震性能亦产生较大影响。

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陈少林(1974─),男,博士,教授。E-mail:
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陈宝魁(1982─),男,博士,副教授。E-mail:

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陈宝魁(1982─),男,博士,副教授。E-mail:

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language=EN, label=Fig.20, caption=Bending moment time history at bottom of the left tower, figureFileSmall=L3mn+e8Ohs6C8+/qCOR3RA==, figureFileBig=3OZSrikd/ELYgbUn1mqmhg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227675680616415446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=CN, label=图20, caption=左塔底弯矩时程, figureFileSmall=L3mn+e8Ohs6C8+/qCOR3RA==, figureFileBig=3OZSrikd/ELYgbUn1mqmhg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227675680733855965, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=EN, label=Fig.21, caption=Horizontal displacement time history at top of the pier 1#, figureFileSmall=4ltwUiHkuEq21ySIxrvt2w==, figureFileBig=1iggerN1a76+UqUd8I5C0g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227675680826130662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=CN, label=图21, caption=1#墩顶水平向位移时程, figureFileSmall=4ltwUiHkuEq21ySIxrvt2w==, figureFileBig=1iggerN1a76+UqUd8I5C0g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227675680922599657, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=EN, label=Fig.22, caption=Horizontal displacement time history at top of the left tower, figureFileSmall=TTGATBacI8M9hFyAnMlQyA==, figureFileBig=0DLpF9j/5hqpk13AaTOMYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227675681010680044, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=CN, label=图22, caption=左塔顶部水平向位移时程, figureFileSmall=TTGATBacI8M9hFyAnMlQyA==, figureFileBig=0DLpF9j/5hqpk13AaTOMYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227675681107149041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=EN, label=Fig. 23, caption=Peak displacement at top of the pier (tower), figureFileSmall=ABROcobbbNidkq/3j4VnGg==, figureFileBig=Ruzd6Vy59eCQ/PYoOZhbJQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227675681220395258, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=CN, label=图23, caption=墩(塔)顶峰值位移, figureFileSmall=ABROcobbbNidkq/3j4VnGg==, figureFileBig=Ruzd6Vy59eCQ/PYoOZhbJQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227675681283309821, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=EN, label=Fig.24, caption=Bending moment time history at bottom of the pier 1#, figureFileSmall=6muuT0UILlT7PscDMDC4WA==, figureFileBig=Uci99yE/Nv9GN8JE+P1QBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227675681354612992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=CN, label=图24, caption=1#墩底部弯矩时程, figureFileSmall=6muuT0UILlT7PscDMDC4WA==, figureFileBig=Uci99yE/Nv9GN8JE+P1QBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227675681467859206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=EN, label=Fig.25, caption=Bending moment time history at bottom of the left tower, figureFileSmall=e45aqTBpRvo7wlw+UYKFdA==, figureFileBig=rmNjhudbudGGvO8ewSCcNA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227675681572716810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=CN, label=图25, caption=左塔底部弯矩时程, figureFileSmall=e45aqTBpRvo7wlw+UYKFdA==, figureFileBig=rmNjhudbudGGvO8ewSCcNA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227675681664991502, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=EN, label=Fig.26, caption=Horizontal displacement time history at top of the 1# pier, figureFileSmall=TdvCWDomUnzSJsfIYdKkkg==, figureFileBig=6l6CNnTxWaJdiQQfOIVevQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227675681732100371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=CN, label=图26, caption=1#墩顶部水平向位移时程, figureFileSmall=TdvCWDomUnzSJsfIYdKkkg==, figureFileBig=6l6CNnTxWaJdiQQfOIVevQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227675681866318103, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=EN, label=Fig.27, caption=Horizontal displacement time history at top of the left tower, figureFileSmall=lXBhltJzGYlPFW530XDF0A==, figureFileBig=eK1bpDrCT6A8FrgXd1aEDg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227675681975370011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=CN, label=图27, caption=左塔顶部水平向位移时程, figureFileSmall=lXBhltJzGYlPFW530XDF0A==, figureFileBig=eK1bpDrCT6A8FrgXd1aEDg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227675682034090271, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=EN, label=Fig.28, caption=Bending moment time history at bottom of the pier 1#, figureFileSmall=pr5mfYaDZc2Lw2hVJQ8cTw==, figureFileBig=6epVfBGZssn0GDscHlTjnQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227675682113782051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=CN, label=图28, caption=1#墩底部弯矩时程, figureFileSmall=pr5mfYaDZc2Lw2hVJQ8cTw==, figureFileBig=6epVfBGZssn0GDscHlTjnQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227675682197668137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=EN, label=Fig.29, caption=Bending moment time history at bottom of left tower, figureFileSmall=witglGiIRX84854y1iNSiw==, figureFileBig=n3WJ4U76in0kL24OK19/KQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227675682285748526, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=CN, label=图29, caption=左塔底部弯矩时程, figureFileSmall=witglGiIRX84854y1iNSiw==, figureFileBig=n3WJ4U76in0kL24OK19/KQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1227675682348663091, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Material parameters of submarine cover layers

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
材料类型密度ρ/(kg·m-3)剪切波速vs/(m·s-1)压缩波速vp/(m·s-1)泊松比μ弹性模量E/MPa剪切模量G/MPa
海水层1000-15000.5002200-
砂土覆盖层204029617570.486510172
花岗岩覆盖层210048521470.4731460495
), ArticleFig(id=1227675682503852342, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

海底场地覆盖层材料参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
材料类型密度ρ/(kg·m-3)剪切波速vs/(m·s-1)压缩波速vp/(m·s-1)泊松比μ弹性模量E/MPa剪切模量G/MPa
海水层1000-15000.5002200-
砂土覆盖层204029617570.486510172
花岗岩覆盖层210048521470.4731460495
), ArticleFig(id=1227675682617098558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

Seismic recording information

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地震编号台站震级/MW震源深度/km提取分量原始基岩PGA/gal
20090811SZOH3506.851EW183.192
UD135.677
20211006IWTH215.956EW120.818
UD117.664
20211203WKYH015.418EW156.577
UD124.929
), ArticleFig(id=1227675682700984644, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

地震记录信息

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地震编号台站震级/MW震源深度/km提取分量原始基岩PGA/gal
20090811SZOH3506.851EW183.192
UD135.677
20211006IWTH215.956EW120.818
UD117.664
20211203WKYH015.418EW156.577
UD124.929
), ArticleFig(id=1227675682780676426, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

The peak value of horizontal relative displacement between the pier (tower) and the girder

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地震编号桥梁部位桥墩(塔)与主梁相对位移最大值/m
无BRB桥墩设置BRB桥塔设置BRB联合设置BRB
200908111#0.35120.11810.31420.0576
2#0.33840.11880.30560.0664
3#0.34400.12040.29480.0672
4#0.35440.11040.30640.0621
左塔0.18560.23160.04280.0744
右塔0.20080.28960.07880.0544
202110061#0.18640.08280.17760.0488
2#0.16480.07440.16360.0432
3#0.17720.08600.17480.0624
4#0.19480.08210.19280.0704
左塔0.06320.15210.07040.0701
右塔0.06560.14720.08040.0744
202112031#0.21920.10880.16640.0608
2#0.21920.11040.16160.0576
3#0.21920.12160.15520.0592
4#0.22080.11360.15680.0656
左塔0.11040.16960.02720.0736
右塔0.10880.21440.03360.0336
), ArticleFig(id=1227675682860368207, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

桥墩(塔)与主梁水平向相对位移峰值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地震编号桥梁部位桥墩(塔)与主梁相对位移最大值/m
无BRB桥墩设置BRB桥塔设置BRB联合设置BRB
200908111#0.35120.11810.31420.0576
2#0.33840.11880.30560.0664
3#0.34400.12040.29480.0672
4#0.35440.11040.30640.0621
左塔0.18560.23160.04280.0744
右塔0.20080.28960.07880.0544
202110061#0.18640.08280.17760.0488
2#0.16480.07440.16360.0432
3#0.17720.08600.17480.0624
4#0.19480.08210.19280.0704
左塔0.06320.15210.07040.0701
右塔0.06560.14720.08040.0744
202112031#0.21920.10880.16640.0608
2#0.21920.11040.16160.0576
3#0.21920.12160.15520.0592
4#0.22080.11360.15680.0656
左塔0.11040.16960.02720.0736
右塔0.10880.21440.03360.0336
), ArticleFig(id=1227675682961031509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=EN, label=Tab. 4, caption=

Working condition setting of BRB parameter analyses

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分析工况BRB屈服位移Dy/mmBRB屈服承载力Fy/kN
桥墩处BRB桥塔处BRB桥墩处BRB桥塔处BRB
工况一111122503000
工况二111145006000
工况三111160009000
), ArticleFig(id=1227675683049111899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

BRB参数分析工况设置

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分析工况BRB屈服位移Dy/mmBRB屈服承载力Fy/kN
桥墩处BRB桥塔处BRB桥墩处BRB桥塔处BRB
工况一111122503000
工况二111145006000
工况三111160009000
), ArticleFig(id=1227675683137192289, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

The peak value of horizontal relative displacement between the pier (tower) and the girder

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地震编号桥梁部位桥墩(塔)与主梁相对位移最大值/m
工况一工况二工况三
200908111#0.23480.11200.0576
2#0.23840.12400.0664
3#0.22920.11720.0672
4#0.23560.11360.0620
左塔0.14360.11640.0672
右塔0.18040.09720.0544
202110061#0.18720.10280.0488
2#0.16960.08880.0432
3#0.17480.10320.0624
4#0.17830.10680.0704
左塔0.12040.08720.0912
右塔0.08680.07800.0508
202112031#0.16160.07840.0496
2#0.15680.07240.0568
3#0.15840.07680.0592
4#0.17920.10240.0672
左塔0.11680.09560.0732
右塔0.11240.09040.0432
), ArticleFig(id=1227675683237855591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

桥墩(塔)与主梁水平向相对位移峰值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
地震编号桥梁部位桥墩(塔)与主梁相对位移最大值/m
工况一工况二工况三
200908111#0.23480.11200.0576
2#0.23840.12400.0664
3#0.22920.11720.0672
4#0.23560.11360.0620
左塔0.14360.11640.0672
右塔0.18040.09720.0544
202110061#0.18720.10280.0488
2#0.16960.08880.0432
3#0.17480.10320.0624
4#0.17830.10680.0704
左塔0.12040.08720.0912
右塔0.08680.07800.0508
202112031#0.16160.07840.0496
2#0.15680.07240.0568
3#0.15840.07680.0592
4#0.17920.10240.0672
左塔0.11680.09560.0732
右塔0.11240.09040.0432
), ArticleFig(id=1227675683376267626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=EN, label=Tab.6, caption=

Working condition setting of BRB parameter analyses

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分析工况BRB屈服位移Dy/mmBRB屈服承载力Fy/kN
桥墩处BRB桥塔处BRB桥墩处BRB桥塔处BRB
工况A5.55.545006000
工况B111145006000
工况C222245006000
), ArticleFig(id=1227675684701667695, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

BRB参数分析工况设置

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分析工况BRB屈服位移Dy/mmBRB屈服承载力Fy/kN
桥墩处BRB桥塔处BRB桥墩处BRB桥塔处BRB
工况A5.55.545006000
工况B111145006000
工况C222245006000
), ArticleFig(id=1227675684798136692, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1225147924628267009, articleId=1227620263643251547, language=EN, label=Tab.7, caption=

The peak value of horizontal relative displacement between the pier (tower) and the girder

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地震编号桥梁部位桥墩(塔)与主梁相对位移最大值/m
工况A工况B工况C
200908111#0.05560.11200.2352
2#0.06600.12400.2384
3#0.05960.11720.2320
4#0.06040.11360.2432
左塔0.07440.11640.1328
右塔0.05440.09720.1804
202110061#0.04680.10280.1532
2#0.03880.08880.1352
3#0.04280.10320.1424
4#0.04320.10680.1320
左塔0.04760.08720.1005
右塔0.03640.07800.0784
202112031#0.04980.07840.1616
2#0.05730.07240.1620
3#0.05920.07680.1590
4#0.05820.10240.1600
左塔0.07330.09560.1170
右塔0.03330.09040.1125
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桥墩(塔)与主梁水平向相对位移峰值

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地震编号桥梁部位桥墩(塔)与主梁相对位移最大值/m
工况A工况B工况C
200908111#0.05560.11200.2352
2#0.06600.12400.2384
3#0.05960.11720.2320
4#0.06040.11360.2432
左塔0.07440.11640.1328
右塔0.05440.09720.1804
202110061#0.04680.10280.1532
2#0.03880.08880.1352
3#0.04280.10320.1424
4#0.04320.10680.1320
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右塔0.03640.07800.0784
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2#0.05730.07240.1620
3#0.05920.07680.1590
4#0.05820.10240.1600
左塔0.07330.09560.1170
右塔0.03330.09040.1125
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考虑海水-海床-斜拉桥相互作用下纵桥向设置BRB的减震作用与优化设计
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陈宝魁 1 , 何世杰 1 , 杜玉杰 1 , 陈少林 2 , 高金贺 3
振动工程学报 | 2024,37(5): 789-801
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振动工程学报 | 2024, 37(5): 789-801
考虑海水-海床-斜拉桥相互作用下纵桥向设置BRB的减震作用与优化设计
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陈宝魁1 , 何世杰1, 杜玉杰1, 陈少林2 , 高金贺3
作者信息
  • 1南昌大学工程建设学院,江西南昌 330031
  • 2南京航空航天大学民航学院土木与机场工程系,江苏南京 210016
  • 3东华理工大学土木与建筑工程学院,江西南昌 330013
  • 陈宝魁(1982─),男,博士,副教授。E-mail:

通讯作者:

陈少林(1974─),男,博士,教授。E-mail:
Seismic reduction effect and optimal design of BRB in longitudinal bridge direction under seawater-seabed-cable stayed bridge interaction
Bao-kui CHEN1 , Shi-jie HE1, Yu-jie DU1, Shao-lin CHEN2 , Jin-he GAO3
Affiliations
  • 1School of Infrastructure Engineering,Nanchang University,Nanchang 330031,China
  • 2Department of Civil and Airport Engineering,College of Civil Aviation,Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Nanjing 210016,China
  • 3School of Civil & Architecture Engineering,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China
出版时间: 2024-05-28 doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.05.007
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由于海洋场地存在深厚的海水层,其对海底地震动特性以及海洋结构物的地震反应存在较大影响,在跨海桥梁等海洋结构物抗震分析时不容忽视。因此,研究基于地震波动理论建立海水-海床-斜拉桥耦合的地震波动分析模型,确定海水层对结构地震反应的影响。考虑海洋环境可能对减震构件的耐久性造成威胁,提出一种应用耐久性能优良的防屈曲支撑(Bulking Restrained Brace,BRB)作为纵桥向减震构件的斜拉桥减震体系,并且以青州航道桥为工程背景,通过其与漂浮体系斜拉桥模型的地震反应对比,验证了考虑海洋环境影响下该减震体系的可行性。研究对BRB的布设位置与设备参数等进行优化分析,进一步确定BRB作为斜拉桥纵桥向减震构件的设计方法。研究发现地震作用下海水产生的动水效应会放大斜拉桥上部结构的地震反应。通过对比不同工况下结构的地震反应,发现在桥墩与桥塔位置同时设置BRB时,桥梁整体减震效果最佳。另外,BRB的屈服承载力等参数对斜拉桥的抗震性能亦产生较大影响。

海水-海床-斜拉桥耦合  /  防屈曲支撑  /  海底地震动  /  减震体系  /  地震波动

Due to the existence of a deep seawater layer in marine sites,its influence on the seabed ground vibration characteristics and the seismic response of marine structures is significant and should not be ignored in the seismic analysis of marine structures such as cross-sea bridges. Therefore,to determine the influence of the seawater layer on the seismic response of the structure,the study establishes the seismic fluctuation analysis model based on the seismic fluctuation theory for the coupled seawater-seabed-stayed bridge. In addition,considering that the marine environment may pose a threat to the durability of the damping members,the study proposes a new type of cable-stayed bridge damping system using Bulking Restrained Brace(BRB)with excellent durability as the longitudinal damping member,and takes the Qingzhou Channel Bridge as the engineering background to verify the seismic response by comparing it with the floating system cable-stayed bridge model. The feasibility of the new type of seismic damping system considering the influence of the marine environment is verified. The study optimizes the location and equipment parameters of the BRB. The design method of BRB as a longitudinal damping member for cable-stayed bridge is further determined. It is found that the hydrodynamic effect generated by seawater under the seismic action will amplify the seismic response of the super⁃ structure of the cable-stayed bridge. By comparing the seismic response of the structure under different working conditions,it is confirmed that the best overall seismic damping effect of the bridge is achieved when the BRB is installed at the pier and tower locations simultaneously. Besides,the parameters such as yield bearing capacity of BRB also have a great influence on the seismic performance of cable-stayed bridges.

seawater-seabed-cable stayed bridge coupling  /  bulking restrained brace(BRB)  /  off-shore ground motion  /  seismic damping systems  /  earthquake fluctuations
陈宝魁, 何世杰, 杜玉杰, 陈少林, 高金贺. 考虑海水-海床-斜拉桥相互作用下纵桥向设置BRB的减震作用与优化设计. 振动工程学报, 2024 , 37 (5) : 789 -801 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.05.007
Bao-kui CHEN, Shi-jie HE, Yu-jie DU, Shao-lin CHEN, Jin-he GAO. Seismic reduction effect and optimal design of BRB in longitudinal bridge direction under seawater-seabed-cable stayed bridge interaction[J]. Journal of Vibration Engineering, 2024 , 37 (5) : 789 -801 . DOI: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.05.007
近年来,跨海桥梁的抗震性能已成为桥梁抗震领域的热点问题。由于海洋与陆地环境相差较大,仍采用陆地桥梁的抗震设计方法分析跨海桥梁难以保证分析的准确性,因此,考虑海水层与海床构造对桥梁结构地震反应的影响非常必要1-3
现有研究发现海底与陆地地震动特性存在较大差异4-6。如LIN等7通过对海底强震记录短周期数据进行竖向与水平(V/H)谱比的分析,发现海底浅海沉积物对海床局部地震动特性具有较大的影响。目前,世界范围内海底强震记录主要采集于日本Kik-net台网与美国SEMS台网,但采集这些记录的海底台站的场地信息未知,限制了海底实测记录的直接使用。因此,本文使用考虑海水-海床-结构耦合的地震波动分析方法真实模拟地震波的传播过程,并使海床位置的反应包含海底地震动的特性,是一种考虑海域环境因素分析结构地震反应的有效方式。
屈曲约束支撑作为一种性能优良的耗能减震装置,通过先于结构破坏来减少地震对结构的损坏,近些年逐渐开始应用在桥梁工程中。El-Bahey等8提出将BRB作为“保险丝”应用到双柱式排架墩中,即在桥梁排架中设计可替换BRB,增加排架体系强度及刚度。文献[9-11]同样将BRB用于双柱或三柱排架墩,这些研究表明BRB可以发挥“保险丝”作用,耗散地震能量,减轻排架墩损伤。为了促进BRB作为减震构件在桥梁抗震设计中的应用,孙治国等12 将BRB作为“保险丝”构件设置于桥梁排架,并提出确保BRB先于排架构件屈服的简易计算方法。XIANG等13将侧向位移作为反映排架破坏的指标,提出了一种直接基于位移的设计方法,旨在将排架的地震反应抑制在屈服位移范围内。石岩等14从抗震能力和抗震需求角度提出了设置BRB的桥梁排架墩基于位移的抗震设计方法,并且提出BRB核心段最大和最小长度取值范围,保证BRB发挥“保险丝”的作用。
近年,BRB在大跨桥梁中的应用和研究也得到发展,文献[15-16]以BRB替换原钢拱桥的斜撑,提高了钢拱桥的抗震能力; CARDEN等17通过试验发现在钢梁端截面处设置BRB可以减小基底剪力; CELIK等18将BRB应用在钢板梁和钢桁架桥中的梁端横隔板处,BRB起到延性“保险丝”和耗能的作用。LANNING等19-20以Vincent Thomas大桥为背景,研究了BRB应用在大跨度悬索桥中抵抗近断层地震动作用的可行性。此外,将BRB作为悬索桥中央扣杆件连接索缆与主梁可以显著改善桥梁对地震的反应21-22。石岩等23以大跨铁路连续梁拱桥为例,基于“功能分离”的设计理念,提出了“支座+支撑”的减震控制系统,并通过调整自恢复力比使两种支撑组合使用的减震效果最佳。
综上所述,目前BRB作为横桥向减震耗能装置在排架墩上的应用较多,并且主要以陆地上桥梁作为研究对象,针对纵桥向设置BRB减震体系研究较少。但已有研究表明在桥梁纵桥向设置BRB也可以表现出较好的减震效果,如陈宝魁等24提出了一种在斜拉桥纵桥向设置防屈曲支撑的桥梁减震体系,并与设置了黏滞阻尼器的桥梁模型以及漂浮体系桥梁模型的地震反应对比,发现纵桥向设置BRB的减震体系可以有效地减小支座以及塔梁间的相对位移,对塔顶相对位移也有较好的控制。但以上研究仅分析了BRB在桥梁纵桥向表现出的减震效果,缺少对BRB相关参数与布设方式等设计方法的分析。
因此,本文以港珠澳大桥青州航道桥为工程背景,建立海水-海床-斜拉桥耦合模型,分析BRB作为纵桥向减震装置的作用,并针对其布设位置、屈服应力、屈服位移等设计参数,提出适合工程应用的优化设计方案。
本文采用有限元动力分析软件ADINA与自编波动分析程序建立包括海水层、海底覆盖层、跨海桥梁耦合的地震反应分析模型。
为了模拟真实海底场地的地震反应,吸收边界位置的散射波,在模型土层侧边界和底边界设置了黏弹性人工边界25-29,即在土体覆盖层场地边界节点位置设置双向弹簧-阻尼系统,以黏性阻尼吸收散射波,并以弹簧模拟场地的弹性恢复能力。
此外,研究利用自编波动分析程序将实测强震加速度时程转化为等效荷载,施加于黏弹性人工边界节点,实现地震荷载的外源波动输入。基本方程如下26
式中  为人工边界节点输入的等效荷载;为人工边界节点的应力;为弹簧阻尼系统的内力; 为人工边界节点的速度和位移;为弹簧阻尼系统的阻尼系数与刚度系数。
由边界条件确定补充方程,人工边界处施加的等效荷载产生的位移和应力与自由场产生的位移和应力相同,即:
将式(2)~(4)代入式(1)整理可得:
式中自由场位移、速度与应力均为已知量,或可通过简单自编程序计算。
以港珠澳大桥中跨径最大的通航孔桥-青州航道桥为工程实例,该桥为斜拉-连续组合体系的双塔双索面钢箱梁斜拉桥,全桥长1150 m,主跨长458 m,边跨长236 m,边跨两端连接长110 m的不设置斜拉索的端跨。全桥共计112根斜拉索,采用双索面扇形布置,锚固于中央分隔带。桥塔位于主梁以上高117.822 m,主梁至承台高49.178 m。下部采用变直径钢管复合群桩基础30
海底场地模型总长度为1450 m,其中桥梁全长1150 m,居中布置。桥梁所处场地位于伶仃洋海域,由于实际场地条件比较复杂31,模型对实际场地覆盖土层状况做了简化处理,海底场地从上往下依次为海水层(10 m)、砂土覆盖层(70 m)、花岗岩覆盖层(50 m),桩基础深入花岗岩覆盖层,海底场地材料参数如表1所示。数值模型中的海水层被视为势流体(Potential-based Fluid),使用2D-Fluid单元模拟。海底覆盖层以2D-Solid单元模拟,默认厚度为1。海水层两侧边界设置流体无限域边界,吸收海水层侧边界的散射波;海水层上表面设置为流体自由表面边界,海水层与土层连接处设置为流固耦合边界,处理海水与土体覆盖层的耦合作用。
主梁、桥塔、桥墩、承台、桩基础均采用梁单元模拟,单元类型选择3D子单元。支座处采用刚度较大的弹簧单元模拟竖向支撑。斜拉索采用桁架单元模拟,只受拉不受压,拉索初始预应力通过向索单元输入初始应变实现。由于斜拉索长度较大,因此引入等效弹性模量考虑拉索垂度引起的非线性影响。等效弹性模量按下式计算:
式中  为斜拉索修正弹性模量;为斜拉索弹性模量;为重度;为斜拉索水平投影长度;为拉索应力。所有拉索容重均为78.5 kN/m3,弹性模量ES=205000 MPa,泊松比为0.3。
防屈曲支撑恢复力模型可简化为双线性模型,如图1所示。为弹性线性刚度,为塑性刚度,为屈服位移,为回弹位移,为极限位移,为负向回弹位移,为负向极限位移。
防屈曲支撑的耗能内芯采用Q235-B钢,在ADINA中采用双线性随动硬化模型模拟其应力-应变关系,选择桁架单元模拟,随动硬化模型可以有效模拟耗能内芯弹塑性变形,应变硬化模量E2取为E1的3%,如图2所示。
研究提出一种纵桥向墩(塔)梁间设置BRB的斜拉桥耗能减震结构,即在桥墩(桥塔)与主梁之间设置弹簧单元提供竖向支撑,水平向设置BRB约束,BRB与主梁和桥塔连接如图3所示,并假定连接牢固可靠。为与BRB对斜拉桥的减震效果作对比,同时建立水平向无任何约束的全漂浮体系斜拉桥模型。
桥梁承台位于海床以上6 m处,桩基础埋至花岗岩层上表面深5 m处。桥梁桩基础与覆盖土层之间通过刚性杆连接模拟桩-土相互作用,设置土层节点为主节点(Master Node),桩节点为从节点(Slave Node);设置承台节点以及墩(塔)节点为主节点,海水节点为从节点模拟承台-水、墩(塔)-水之间的耦合作用。通过上述设置从属关系的刚性连杆将覆盖土层、海水与桥梁耦合在一起,形成了整体精细化数值模型。建立考虑海水-海床-斜拉桥耦合的地震波动分析模型如图4所示。为了方便表述,将桥墩(桥塔)从左至右依次编号为1#墩,2#墩,左塔,右塔,3#墩,4#墩。
研究首先通过对比有无设置海水层模型的地震反应,确定海水层对桥梁地震反应的影响。其次,通过对比设置BRB桥梁模型与全漂浮体系桥梁模型地震反应,验证纵桥向BRB减震体系的可行性。最后,通过优化BRB的设置位置、BRB的屈服承载力和屈服位移等参数,探索BRB的优化设计方法。
本文建立的海水-海床-斜拉桥耦合地震反应分析模型是在人工边界节点处将基岩位置的强震记录以等效力的形式作为外源输入,实现海底场地的地震波动分析。以外源波动分析方法施加地震荷载,地震波在海床各土层以及海水层间传播,最终海床表面的地震反应将体现海底场地与海水层对地震波传递过程产生的影响,实现海底地震动传播过程的精细模拟。并反映出场地与海水对桥梁结构的相互作用。因此,模型仅输入基岩强震记录即可在海床中产生体现出海底地震动的相关特性。数值分析结果与解析解一致,具体验证在前期研究中已完成2432
本桥梁工程抗震设防标准为结构保持完整状态2400年(即基准期120年,超越概率为5%),场地基岩PGA为190 gal。研究从日本Kik-net台网中的3次地震事件各选取1条近海基岩强震记录,所选强震记录信息如表2所示。研究首先利用butterworth带通滤波法对所选原始强震记录做滤波处理,同时对其做基线调整。其次,对选用记录按照抗震设计要求进行调幅,将水平分量(EW-1)PGA统一调至190 gal,竖向分量(UD-1)根据水平分量与原始记录水平分量比值做等比例调幅。此外,截取海底与陆地实测记录的主要成分,使之持时一致。最后,通过自编的波动分析程序将计算所得强震记录的时程反应转化为黏弹性人工边界节点输入的地震等效荷载。所选的3次地震事件的水平向和竖向加速度时程曲线如图5~7所示。
在跨海桥梁地震反应分析中,海水层对桥梁地震反应的影响是桥梁工程师关心的主要问题之一。因此,基于ADINA建立的海水-海床-斜拉桥耦合地震波动分析模型,分别建立包含海水层与不包含海水层的数值模型,分别输入以上3组基岩强震记录,对比桥墩(塔)顶部位移、桥墩(塔)底内力等,分析海水层对桥梁地震反应的影响。
图8为在20090811地震事件中10 m水深与无水桥墩(塔)顶部水平位移峰值对比图,有水模型的墩顶位移峰值相比于无水模型平均增幅可达47.9%,塔顶位移峰值增幅约为59.3%。由此可见海水将放大桥梁的地震反应。三次地震中,桥墩(塔)顶部峰值位移反应规律一致,均有明显放大,此处不再列出。
图910为有无海水层模型在20090811地震事件中桥墩与桥塔底部的弯矩峰值与剪力峰值对比图,从图中可见,含海水层桥梁模型的地震反应明显高于无水模型,墩底峰值弯矩平均增加了41.4%,塔底峰值弯矩增加了约32.2%;墩底峰值剪力平均增加了35.7%,塔底峰值剪力增加了约10.8%。在其他两次地震事件中,墩(塔)底内力反应规律一致,均有显著增加。
以上研究确定海底场地对桥梁位移和内力均有较明显的放大作用,除去海水层引发地震动特性的变化32,地震引起的动水效应亦可能对结构反应产生较大影响。因此,研究分别选取原模型中海水层节点(A),同一高度的承台节点(B),以及海床覆盖层内桩基础节点(C),分析海水层的(水平向)动水效应,以及结构的反应。图11为节点A,B,C位置的局部模型示意图。图12~14分别为海水层节点(A)、承台节点(B)以及桩基础节点(C)在20090811地震作用下的反应,图15为不同水深峰值位移反应折线图。其他两次地震中的反应特性一致。
通过观察海水层节点(A)的地震反应,可以确定动水效应的反应程度。图12对比了不同水深时模型中海水反应的变化,即体现了地震激励下海水层深度对动水效应的影响。由图12可知,桥墩附近海水在地震作用下产生明显的水平向位移反应,可见地震作用下海水产生的动水效应显著,且随水深增加,海水层节点A水平位移峰值位移从6.8 cm增加至11.0 cm,增幅达61.8%。
与海水层的动水反应特性一致,图13中承台位置节点B的地震反应同样随水深的增加而增大,峰值位移从13.4 cm增加至28.5 cm,增加了1.12倍。由此可以判断海水的动水效应增大了桥梁的地震响应。为了确定承台地震反应的增大是否是动水效应引起的,图14对比不同水深模型中桩基础节点的位移时程,发现水深对海床下桩基础地震反应的影响有限。因此可以发现,海床上部承台、桥墩等结构受海水动水效应影响较大,且随海水深度增加结构响应增大。
首先通过对比设置BRB桥梁模型与全漂浮体系桥梁模型地震反应,验证纵桥向设置BRB减震体系的可行性。此外,为了确定BRB作为纵桥向减震装置在桥梁上应用的优化设计方法,分别优化BRB的设置位置、屈服承载力和屈服位移等参数,通过对比不同工况下桥梁结构的地震反应,确定不同参数。
为了研究在桥梁不同位置设置BRB对桥梁地震响应的影响,并确定BRB减震体系的可行性,研究了四种工况的模型:工况1:无水平向减震构件与约束的全漂浮体系桥梁模型;工况2:仅在桥墩处设置BRB的桥梁模型;工况3:仅在桥塔处设置BRB的桥梁模型;工况4:桥墩与桥塔处联合设置BRB的桥梁模型。通过对比四种工况的模型在三次地震作用下的桥墩(塔)位移、桥墩(塔)弯矩、桥墩(塔)剪力等地震响应,分析BRB的减震性能及其位置对桥梁地震响应的影响。
由于篇幅有限,且三次地震中的结构反应规律一致,因此文中结构反应的时程曲线均以1#桥墩和左侧桥塔为例,列出斜拉桥在20090811地震中的结构反应。图16图17分别给出地震作用下墩顶和塔顶水平向(纵桥向)位移时程曲线,图18为墩顶与塔顶峰值位移折线图。对比全漂浮体系桥梁,当桥墩与桥塔处均设置BRB时塔顶与墩顶的位移时程及峰值均得到了很好的控制,峰值位移减幅均约为15%。仅在桥墩处设置BRB,墩顶峰值位移从25.4 cm降至22.2 cm,减小约12.6%,但无法控制桥塔顶部的位移,甚至有不利的影响。最后,仅在桥塔与主梁间设置BRB可以最好地控制塔顶的位移反应,塔顶峰值从47.9 cm降至31.7 cm,减少约33.8%,但对桥墩位移几乎无影响。观察其他桥墩与桥塔的结构地震响应,规律一致。
综上,建议根据斜拉桥具体的构造与减震需要灵活地选择BRB的设置位置,并且BRB布设安排将会影响桥梁的整体减震效果。
表3详细列出了所有桥墩(塔)与主梁相对位移峰值。如表3所示,仅在桥墩处设置BRB模型与无BRB模型相比,墩梁相对位移减小56%左右,而塔梁相对位移最高增大一倍以上。仅在桥塔处设置BRB对桥塔梁相对位移减小效果明显,三次地震作用下平均减幅约62%,墩梁相对位移均有小幅度减小。桥墩桥塔联合设置BRB时,墩梁、塔梁相对位移比无BRB模型减小74%和53%左右,桥墩和桥塔联合设置BRB能很好地控制墩(塔)梁相对位移。
图1920为1#墩底和左塔底纵桥向弯矩时程曲线。对比四种工况在地震作用下的反应,工况2仅桥墩处设置BRB可以有效减小墩底弯矩,减幅约为14%,但对桥塔底部弯矩影响很小。工况3仅在桥塔处设置BRB会显著放大塔底内力,但是对墩底弯矩无影响。工况4在桥墩和桥塔处联合设置BRB使墩底弯矩降低了约16%,但无法控制塔底内力,且有较明显放大作用。限于篇幅,此处不罗列墩(塔)剪力时程曲线图,但其反映出的规律与弯矩一致。
因此,在桥墩位置设置BRB可以降低墩底的内力反应,但在桥塔位置设置BRB将放大塔底的内力反应。这与桥梁结构体系的受力特点有关,地震作用下全漂浮体系斜拉桥结构有利于控制塔底内力反应,但桥塔与主梁的位移一般较大。在桥塔位置使用BRB等减震装置虽然可以有效控制塔顶以及主梁的位移反应,但难以避免地增加塔底内力反应。
从上述关于BRB位置对桥梁地震响应影响的研究中可以得出,在桥墩和桥塔处联合设置BRB有利于发挥其减震作用,提高桥梁的整体减震性能。
由于在桥墩和桥塔处联合设置BRB有利于提高桥梁的整体减震性能,因此,下文中针对BRB的设计参数展开优化分析时均以桥墩和桥塔处联合设置BRB工况作为分析对象。
首先分析BRB屈服承载力Fy对减震效果的影响。通过改变BRB的截面积达到改变屈服承载力的目的,为了简单直接地突出BRB屈服承载力对桥梁地震响应的影响,同比例改变桥墩和桥塔处BRB的屈服承载力。建立了三种不同工况模型,设计参数如表4所示。
图2122给出了1#桥墩和左塔顶部纵桥向位移时程曲线,图23为不同工况下墩顶与塔顶峰值位移折线图。从图中可以看出,随着BRB屈服承载力的提高,墩顶与塔顶纵桥向位移均有减小。三种工况的1#墩墩顶峰值位移分别为24.4,23.2和19.4 cm,工况二、工况三相较于工况一位移分别降低4.9%和20.5%,其他桥墩墩顶位移也有明显降低,最高可达50%,而塔顶位移从工况一到工况三,峰值位移由67.0 cm降至49.0 cm,减幅达26.9%。
表5为三次地震作用下墩(塔)梁相对位移峰值。随着BRB屈服承载力的提高,墩(塔)梁相对位移显著减小。在20090811中,BRB屈服承载力提高4倍,其墩梁相对位移从0.2348 m降低到0.0576 m,降低了75.5%。工况二、工况三分别约为工况一的减震率的50%和70%,塔梁相对位移降幅在10%~70%。
图2425给出了1#桥墩和左塔底部纵桥向弯矩时程曲线,从图24图25可以清楚地看到BRB屈服承载力越高,墩底与塔底弯矩越小,工况二、工况三1#墩的峰值弯矩相比于工况一分别降低10%和21%,左侧塔底峰值弯矩分别降低27%和35%。此外,墩底和塔底剪力的反应规律与墩(塔)底弯矩规律相同。
综上,研究发现随着BRB的屈服承载力提高,BRB的减震耗能能力也随之提高,桥墩与桥塔的位移与内力均体现出良好的减震效果。
本节针对BRB屈服位移(Dy)对桥梁抗震性能的影响展开详细分析。通过改变BRB长度实现改变其屈服位移的目的,建立三种不同工况的模型,如表6所示。
图2627给出了地震作用下不同屈服位移BRB桥梁模型在1#桥墩和左塔顶部纵桥向位移时程曲线。由图26可以发现,地震作用下不同屈服位移BRB模型的墩顶位移时程基本重合,墩顶最大位移增幅不超过10%。说明增加BRB屈服位移对墩顶位移影响不大。从图27中可以看出,2009-08-11地震作用下塔顶位移随着BRB屈服位移的提高有所增加。总体来说,改变BRB屈服位移对墩顶和塔顶纵桥向位移影响不大。
表7为三次地震作用下桥墩(塔)梁相对位移峰值。由表7可知,工况A、工况B、工况C的墩梁峰值相对位移逐渐增大,工况B、工况C模型的墩梁间相对位移相较于工况A分别增加了一倍和三倍多,增幅明显。塔梁间相对位移峰值也随着BRB的屈服位移的增大而,三次地震作用下,工况B、工况C塔梁间相对位移比工况A平均增加约89%和139%。
提高BRB屈服位移使得墩梁、塔梁间相对位移显著增加,这是因为增加了BRB屈服位移即减弱了BRB刚度,导致其对墩梁之间纵向约束能力变弱,所以墩梁、塔梁间相对位移会明显增加。因此在设计时应当注意合理控制BRB屈服位移,以达到理想的减震效果。
图2829为三类工况下墩底和塔底弯矩的时程曲线,由图2829可知三种工况下墩底弯矩基本相同,弯矩峰值也相差不大,没有呈现出明显的规律。说明改变BRB屈服位移对墩底弯矩影响很小,塔底弯矩随着BRB屈服位移的增加略有提高,增加幅度在10%~25%之间。总体来说改变BRB屈服位移对墩底弯矩影响有限,会在一定程度上放大塔底弯矩。另外,改变BRB屈服位移对墩底剪力影响也较小,计算结果不再罗列。
研究了纵桥向设置BRB的斜拉桥减震体系,通过与漂浮体系斜拉桥模型对比,验证了所提出减震体系的可行性,并且针对BRB的布设位置与设计参数及其应用进行优化,主要结论如下:
(1)与漂浮体系斜拉桥模型相比,同时在桥墩与桥塔位置设置BRB可以有效降低桥墩与桥塔的地震反应,并可以大幅度降低墩(塔)顶位移,表现出了良好的减震效果。
(2)仅在桥墩处设置BRB可以有效降低墩顶位移与墩底内力,但无法控制桥塔顶部的位移,甚至起到不利的影响。仅在桥塔处设置BRB可以减小桥塔的位移,但会增加塔底的内力反应,并且对桥墩的位移和内力影响有限。因此,在墩(塔)梁间的不同位置设置BRB,对桥梁不同位置的地震反应的影响存在一定的独立性,在桥梁抗震设计中可以根据需求灵活布置。
(3)增加BRB屈服承载力可以有效地降低桥墩和桥塔的顶部位移,对墩底和塔底内力也有很好的控制效果。但调整BRB的屈服位移对墩(塔)顶的地震反应影响较小。另外,由于钢内芯受套筒保护,BRB在海洋环境下的耐久性突出,本文提出在纵桥向使用BRB减震的设计方法,有利于促进其作为减震构件在跨海桥梁上的应用。
(4)在地震反应分析中考虑海水层的存在将放大桥梁结构地震反应,这主要由于桥墩(塔)间存在动水效应,增大了承台等构件的地震激励,放大了桥梁的地震响应。
由于本文使用的是二维模型,墩塔间的动水效应可能被放大,在后期研究中将补充三维动力分析模型,进一步确定海床反应与动水效应对桥梁的影响。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52268076)
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51868048)
  • 中国地震局基础研究计划资助项目(2018D18)
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2024年第37卷第5期
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doi: 10.16385/j.cnki.issn.1004-4523.2024.05.007
  • 接收时间:2022-08-18
  • 首发时间:2026-02-09
  • 出版时间:2024-05-28
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  • 收稿日期:2022-08-18
  • 修回日期:2022-10-28
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52268076)
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51868048)
中国地震局基础研究计划资助项目(2018D18)
作者信息
    1南昌大学工程建设学院,江西南昌 330031
    2南京航空航天大学民航学院土木与机场工程系,江苏南京 210016
    3东华理工大学土木与建筑工程学院,江西南昌 330013

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陈少林(1974─),男,博士,教授。E-mail:
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
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红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
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