Article(id=1244336752140338139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, issueId=1244336743298740932, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16450/j.cnki.issn.1004-6801.2025.05.018, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1675008000000, receivedDateStr=2023-01-30, revisedDate=1684944000000, revisedDateStr=2023-05-25, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774602600368, onlineDateStr=2026-03-27, pubDate=1759248000000, pubDateStr=2025-10-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774602600368, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-27, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774602600368, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774602600368, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1244336743298740932, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, year='2025', volume='45', issue='5', pageStart='855', pageEnd='1056', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774602598261, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774603435030, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1244340253042000577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, issueId=1244336743298740932, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1244340253042000578, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, issueId=1244336743298740932, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=991, endPage=1000, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1244336752387802084, articleId=1244336752140338139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, language=EN, title=Study on the Characteristics of Fluid‑Structure Interaction Wind Effects in Super High‑Rise Buildings Subject to Various Inflow Conditions, columnId=1244336744728998604, journalTitle=Journal of Vibration,Measurement and Diagnosis, columnName=PAPER, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

To study the wind effect characteristics of super high-rise buildings in different incoming flows under the fluid-structure interaction effect,a full-scale numerical wind tunnel simulation of Pingan Financial Building in Shenzhen is carried out using the detached eddy simulation (DES),established the aeroelastic model. A new turbulent fluctuating flow field generation method named the discretizing and synthesizing random flow generator (DSRFG) is used to simulate the turbulent flows of the atmospheric boundary layer and the uniform flows. The wind pressure and wind-induced response results of the model are obtained. The calculated results are compared with the corresponding data from wind tunnel tests and field measurements to verify the accuracy of the numerical simulation. The analysis shows that the wind pressure of the building under turbulent incoming flow obtained from the DES is consistent with the distribution trend of wind tunnel test and field measurement results. The distribution of the mean wind pressure coefficient of the building under both conditions is similar,and the fluctuating wind pressure coefficient on the windward side under turbulent incoming flow is larger than that under uniform incoming flow. In addition,the cross-wind acceleration response is larger under turbulent incoming flow than that under uniform incoming flow,and the acceleration response power spectrum shows three peaks and the displacement response power spectrum shows two peaks under uniform incoming flow,while the turbulent incoming flow only shows a single peak. The acceleration response power spectrum shows three peaks and displacement response power spectrum shows double peaks under uniform incoming flow with only single peak under turbulent incoming flow. In the flow field,the wind velocity is more uniform in the uniform incoming flow than in the turbulent incoming flow,the wake vortex is flatter and narrower,and the overall vorticity magnitude is smaller.

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为了研究在流固耦合效应下不同来流对超高层建筑风效应特性的影响,采用分离涡方法(detached eddy simulation,简称DES)对深圳平安金融大厦气弹模型进行全尺寸数值风洞模拟,利用湍流脉动生成(discretizing and synthesizing random flow field generation,简称 DSRFG)方法模拟大气边界层湍流和均匀来流,得到模型的风压和风致响应结果,并与风洞试验和现场实测数据进行对比。研究结果表明:分离涡模拟得到的湍流来流下建筑风压与风洞试验和现场实测结果分布趋势一致;2种工况下建筑平均风压系数分布相似,湍流来流下迎风面脉动风压系数大于均匀来流;横风向加速度响应湍流来流大于均匀来流,均匀来流下加速度响应功率谱表现出三峰,位移响应功率谱表现出双峰,湍流来流下表现出单峰;在流场方面,均匀来流风速较湍流来流更加均匀,尾流涡旋更加扁平狭长,整体涡量较小。

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王强,男,1979年7月生,博士、副教授。主要研究方向为装配式结构。 E-mail:
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卢春玲,女,1978年3月生,博士、教授。主要研究方向为结构振动、抗震分析。曾发表《Experimental study on seismic performanceof square RC columns strengthened with multi-layer prestressed CFRP fabric》(《Journal of Building Engineering》2022,No.45)等论文。 E-mail:

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卢春玲,女,1978年3月生,博士、教授。主要研究方向为结构振动、抗震分析。曾发表《Experimental study on seismic performanceof square RC columns strengthened with multi-layer prestressed CFRP fabric》(《Journal of Building Engineering》2022,No.45)等论文。 E-mail:

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卢春玲,女,1978年3月生,博士、教授。主要研究方向为结构振动、抗震分析。曾发表《Experimental study on seismic performanceof square RC columns strengthened with multi-layer prestressed CFRP fabric》(《Journal of Building Engineering》2022,No.45)等论文。 E-mail:

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label=图5, caption=流域的3种网格方案, figureFileSmall=P3lsMdDKPtq2Q0Bg/Gua9g==, figureFileBig=TuIgHZQfcgQR+lnUP1mo7A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351844101768111, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=z=379 m measurement points arrangement, figureFileSmall=HXmYI/EC1nuMPPZV9Aa/kg==, figureFileBig=BJ0LuIeOJ9YYc/y6r7MxgA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351844185654194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=CN, label=图6, caption=z=379 m测点位置, figureFileSmall=HXmYI/EC1nuMPPZV9Aa/kg==, figureFileBig=BJ0LuIeOJ9YYc/y6r7MxgA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351844286317493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Mean wind pressure coefficients under different mesh patterns comparison with field measurement results, figureFileSmall=YRdT6G4CtsFAuiOsu5EX3w==, figureFileBig=z13HIr+RF6hg+/td/BT5wA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351844395369400, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=CN, label=图7, caption=各网格方案测点平均风压系数与现场实测结果对比, figureFileSmall=YRdT6G4CtsFAuiOsu5EX3w==, figureFileBig=z13HIr+RF6hg+/td/BT5wA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351844462478268, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Cloud diagram of mean wind pressure coefficient for single rigid model and rigid model considering surrounding buildings, figureFileSmall=kTxcnQrGmzSvqCljpcoy3Q==, figureFileBig=kNshjdbKKYsfphlpYjcwCw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351844567335874, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=CN, label=图8, caption=单体模型和考虑周边建筑模型的平均风压系数云图, figureFileSmall=kTxcnQrGmzSvqCljpcoy3Q==, figureFileBig=kNshjdbKKYsfphlpYjcwCw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351844651221960, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Mean velocity contour and streamlines distribution in y=0 m profile, figureFileSmall=NLacJZdYYElVsxR41G12qA==, figureFileBig=/m/vLbCtv1Ken8KSBc8p6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351844735108045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=CN, label=图9, caption=y=0剖面平均风速云图, figureFileSmall=NLacJZdYYElVsxR41G12qA==, figureFileBig=/m/vLbCtv1Ken8KSBc8p6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351844865131475, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=Instantaneous velocity contours around building, figureFileSmall=W18GQ2a4VpOznybwkeRrLg==, figureFileBig=AAJzqHops2VLNFkb2scclg==, tableContent=null), 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articleId=1244336752140338139, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=Vorticity and streamlines distribution in y=0 profile, figureFileSmall=yx4QP82EYMhtjVwBFYCHOg==, figureFileBig=8LtD52QGZ/ONYmMDu35sTw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351845238424548, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=CN, label=图12, caption=y=0剖面涡量分布图, figureFileSmall=yx4QP82EYMhtjVwBFYCHOg==, figureFileBig=8LtD52QGZ/ONYmMDu35sTw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351845313922026, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=Vorticity and streamlines distribution in z=379 m profile, figureFileSmall=kjNnBA41fQwWCTBmnMjI7A==, figureFileBig=TTpGKBD7iT/g4pjakO/qFA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351845418779631, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=CN, label=图13, caption=z=379 m剖面涡量分布图, figureFileSmall=kjNnBA41fQwWCTBmnMjI7A==, figureFileBig=TTpGKBD7iT/g4pjakO/qFA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351845490082803, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=EN, label=Fig.14, caption=Mean wind pressure coefficients and fluctuating wind pressure coefficients in z=379 m with wind tunnel test and field measurements, figureFileSmall=1nrVJyXDrp9SgXe+UhU7VA==, figureFileBig=z65b920R6aHlF/J6we4+Nw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351845586551799, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=CN, label=图14, caption=379 m高度测点平均和脉动风压系数与实测值对比, figureFileSmall=1nrVJyXDrp9SgXe+UhU7VA==, figureFileBig=z65b920R6aHlF/J6we4+Nw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351845653660665, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=EN, label=Fig.15, caption=Mean wind pressure coefficient cloud diagram and 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figureFileBig=Ee6X8krVFiybRS/LD6QIGw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351847402684417, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=EN, label=Fig.17, caption=Wind load power spectra of building models under uniform and turbulent flow, figureFileSmall=TEF99ahIazwz13CCxFCKuA==, figureFileBig=2mJgvglMVFlY6gFvK/IECw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351847473987588, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=CN, label=图17, caption=均匀来流与湍流来流下建筑模型风荷载功率谱, figureFileSmall=TEF99ahIazwz13CCxFCKuA==, figureFileBig=2mJgvglMVFlY6gFvK/IECw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351847553679367, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=EN, label=Fig.18, caption=Time history curve of the acceleration and displacement of the highest residential floor of the building under uniform and turbulent flow, figureFileSmall=uKkdrW9oq9JZewT7lwhRGA==, figureFileBig=kqSIQKm956hYCDCxIuIOzw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351847620788234, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=CN, label=图18, caption=均匀来流与湍流来流建筑模型最高居住层风致响应, figureFileSmall=uKkdrW9oq9JZewT7lwhRGA==, figureFileBig=kqSIQKm956hYCDCxIuIOzw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351847775977489, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=EN, label=Fig.19, caption=Turbulence intensity profile at x = -40 in front of the building, figureFileSmall=73tiblwaOl2xlVQ7W68VDw==, figureFileBig=Bw48APooE3baIWxDLNAi6w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351847868252179, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=CN, label=图19, caption=建筑前方x=-40处的湍流强度剖面, figureFileSmall=73tiblwaOl2xlVQ7W68VDw==, figureFileBig=Bw48APooE3baIWxDLNAi6w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351847960526869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=EN, label=Fig.20, caption=Wind response power spectrum of the highest residential floor of the building under uniform and turbulent flows, figureFileSmall=dGyBmq+XgNUesP+okh0ybQ==, figureFileBig=XGOwH2Jv1ICq8PsNhxl2Xg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351848031830039, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=CN, label=图20, caption=均匀与湍流来流下建筑最高居住层风致响应功率谱, figureFileSmall=dGyBmq+XgNUesP+okh0ybQ==, figureFileBig=XGOwH2Jv1ICq8PsNhxl2Xg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244351848115716122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Material settings

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数类型参数设置
单元类型Solid 186
密度/(kg·m-3321.0
弹性模量/Pa3×109
泊松比0.3
临界阻尼比4%
), ArticleFig(id=1244351848187019293, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

材料设置

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数类型参数设置
单元类型Solid 186
密度/(kg·m-3321.0
弹性模量/Pa3×109
泊松比0.3
临界阻尼比4%
), ArticleFig(id=1244351848245739552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Setting of boundary condition

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数类型模型参数
结构模型尺寸63 m×63 m×588 m
入口边界条件速度入口
出口边界条件自由出流
流域侧面和顶面边界条件对称
其他流场边界条件壁面
), ArticleFig(id=1244351848350597157, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

边界条件设置

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
参数类型模型参数
结构模型尺寸63 m×63 m×588 m
入口边界条件速度入口
出口边界条件自由出流
流域侧面和顶面边界条件对称
其他流场边界条件壁面
), ArticleFig(id=1244351848434483241, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Mesh quality and mean wind pressure coefficient on windward side of different mesh patterns

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
网格方案网格总数网格歪斜度迎风面平均风压系数均值相对误差/%
现场实测0.460 0
粗网格220×1040.650.506 010.27
中等网格470×1040.450.502 69.51
细网格831×1040.400.492 07.14
), ArticleFig(id=1244351848522563630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同网格下网格质量和迎风面压力系数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
网格方案网格总数网格歪斜度迎风面平均风压系数均值相对误差/%
现场实测0.460 0
粗网格220×1040.650.506 010.27
中等网格470×1040.450.502 69.51
细网格831×1040.400.492 07.14
), ArticleFig(id=1244351848585478191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Comparison of computed and measured natural frequencies for the first five mode shapes

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目x向1阶y向1阶扭转向1阶x向2阶y向2阶
现场实测值/Hz0.1200.1220.2830.4060.419
模型计算值/Hz0.1160.1160.2560.3880.388
结果差别值/%3.34.99.44.47.4
), ArticleFig(id=1244351848669364275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

前5阶振型自振频率计算值与实测值对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目x向1阶y向1阶扭转向1阶x向2阶y向2阶
现场实测值/Hz0.1200.1220.2830.4060.419
模型计算值/Hz0.1160.1160.2560.3880.388
结果差别值/%3.34.99.44.47.4
), ArticleFig(id=1244351848753250358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

Equivalent static wind load in each working condition

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况Mx/(N·m)My/(N·m)Fx/NFy/N
风洞试验2.23×10102.36×10106.58×1076.68×107
湍流来流2.51×10102.42×10107.83×1077.44×107
), ArticleFig(id=1244351848845525050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

各工况等效静力风荷载

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
工况Mx/(N·m)My/(N·m)Fx/NFy/N
风洞试验2.23×10102.36×10106.58×1076.68×107
湍流来流2.51×10102.42×10107.83×1077.44×107
), ArticleFig(id=1244351848925216829, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=EN, label=Tab.6, caption=

Response values of the highest residential floor of the building under two flow field

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
流场条件项目最高层加速度最高层位移
xyxy
均匀来流峰值0.2380.193 01.6200.636
平均值0.0570.048 00.7600.150
根方差0.0430.032 10.2870.129
湍流来流峰值0.2360.327 01.7300.701
平均值0.0550.079 00.9300.170
根方差0.0460.060 30.3760.130
), ArticleFig(id=1244351849000714304, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244311425741537314, articleId=1244336752140338139, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

2种风场条件下建筑最高居住层响应值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
流场条件项目最高层加速度最高层位移
xyxy
均匀来流峰值0.2380.193 01.6200.636
平均值0.0570.048 00.7600.150
根方差0.0430.032 10.2870.129
湍流来流峰值0.2360.327 01.7300.701
平均值0.0550.079 00.9300.170
根方差0.0460.060 30.3760.130
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不同来流下超高层建筑流固耦合风效应特性研究
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卢春玲 1, 2, 3 , 巫敏 1 , 陈旭东 1 , 王强 1, 2, 3
振动、测试与诊断 | 论文 2025,45(5): 991-1000
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振动、测试与诊断 | 论文 2025, 45(5): 991-1000
不同来流下超高层建筑流固耦合风效应特性研究
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卢春玲1, 2, 3 , 巫敏1, 陈旭东1, 王强1, 2, 3
作者信息
  • 1广西绿色建材与建筑工业化重点实验室 桂林,541004
  • 2桂林理工大学土木工程学院 桂林,541004
  • 3广西壮族自治区智慧结构材料工程研究中心 桂林,541004
  • 卢春玲,女,1978年3月生,博士、教授。主要研究方向为结构振动、抗震分析。曾发表《Experimental study on seismic performanceof square RC columns strengthened with multi-layer prestressed CFRP fabric》(《Journal of Building Engineering》2022,No.45)等论文。 E-mail:

通讯作者:

王强,男,1979年7月生,博士、副教授。主要研究方向为装配式结构。 E-mail:
Study on the Characteristics of Fluid‑Structure Interaction Wind Effects in Super High‑Rise Buildings Subject to Various Inflow Conditions
Chunling LU1, 2, 3 , Min WU1, Xudong CHEN1, Qiang WANG1, 2, 3
Affiliations
  • 1.Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Building Materials and Construction Industrialization Guilin,541004,China
  • 2.College of Civil Engineering,Guilin University of Technology Guilin,541004,China
  • 3.Guangxi Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Structural Material Guilin,541004,China
出版时间: 2025-10-01 doi: 10.16450/j.cnki.issn.1004-6801.2025.05.018
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为了研究在流固耦合效应下不同来流对超高层建筑风效应特性的影响,采用分离涡方法(detached eddy simulation,简称DES)对深圳平安金融大厦气弹模型进行全尺寸数值风洞模拟,利用湍流脉动生成(discretizing and synthesizing random flow field generation,简称 DSRFG)方法模拟大气边界层湍流和均匀来流,得到模型的风压和风致响应结果,并与风洞试验和现场实测数据进行对比。研究结果表明:分离涡模拟得到的湍流来流下建筑风压与风洞试验和现场实测结果分布趋势一致;2种工况下建筑平均风压系数分布相似,湍流来流下迎风面脉动风压系数大于均匀来流;横风向加速度响应湍流来流大于均匀来流,均匀来流下加速度响应功率谱表现出三峰,位移响应功率谱表现出双峰,湍流来流下表现出单峰;在流场方面,均匀来流风速较湍流来流更加均匀,尾流涡旋更加扁平狭长,整体涡量较小。

流固耦合  /  超高层建筑  /  分离涡  /  现场实测  /  风致响应

To study the wind effect characteristics of super high-rise buildings in different incoming flows under the fluid-structure interaction effect,a full-scale numerical wind tunnel simulation of Pingan Financial Building in Shenzhen is carried out using the detached eddy simulation (DES),established the aeroelastic model. A new turbulent fluctuating flow field generation method named the discretizing and synthesizing random flow generator (DSRFG) is used to simulate the turbulent flows of the atmospheric boundary layer and the uniform flows. The wind pressure and wind-induced response results of the model are obtained. The calculated results are compared with the corresponding data from wind tunnel tests and field measurements to verify the accuracy of the numerical simulation. The analysis shows that the wind pressure of the building under turbulent incoming flow obtained from the DES is consistent with the distribution trend of wind tunnel test and field measurement results. The distribution of the mean wind pressure coefficient of the building under both conditions is similar,and the fluctuating wind pressure coefficient on the windward side under turbulent incoming flow is larger than that under uniform incoming flow. In addition,the cross-wind acceleration response is larger under turbulent incoming flow than that under uniform incoming flow,and the acceleration response power spectrum shows three peaks and the displacement response power spectrum shows two peaks under uniform incoming flow,while the turbulent incoming flow only shows a single peak. The acceleration response power spectrum shows three peaks and displacement response power spectrum shows double peaks under uniform incoming flow with only single peak under turbulent incoming flow. In the flow field,the wind velocity is more uniform in the uniform incoming flow than in the turbulent incoming flow,the wake vortex is flatter and narrower,and the overall vorticity magnitude is smaller.

fluid-structure interaction  /  super high-rise building  /  detached eddy simulation  /  field measurement  /  wind-induced response
卢春玲, 巫敏, 陈旭东, 王强. 不同来流下超高层建筑流固耦合风效应特性研究. 振动、测试与诊断, 2025 , 45 (5) : 991 -1000 . DOI: 10.16450/j.cnki.issn.1004-6801.2025.05.018
Chunling LU, Min WU, Xudong CHEN, Qiang WANG. Study on the Characteristics of Fluid‑Structure Interaction Wind Effects in Super High‑Rise Buildings Subject to Various Inflow Conditions[J]. Journal of Vibration,Measurement and Diagnosis, 2025 , 45 (5) : 991 -1000 . DOI: 10.16450/j.cnki.issn.1004-6801.2025.05.018
超高层建筑具有质量轻、柔度大、自振频率及阻尼较低等特性,相比于低矮建筑,其结构的风致响应也更加剧烈,属于风敏感性结构。超高层建筑表面常有玻璃幕墙等附属结构,而结构的风荷载和风致响应对来流湍流比较敏感,因此研究湍流对超高层建筑的风效应十分必要。Tieleman等1模拟了湍流强度在7%~19.3%的7个风场,并对某试验房屋进行了风洞试验,结果表明,屋顶峰值风压系数随着来流湍流强度增大而增大。全涌等23模拟了4种风场并对15个超高层建筑模型进行测力试验,拟合出超高层建筑的横风向气动力谱,又通过对长细比为6的气动弹性方形建筑模型进行试验,拟合出其气动阻尼的计算公式。王辉4研究了高层建筑群在4种地貌下建筑表面风压分布特性和风速场,发现地貌对建筑周围行人高度的风场和建筑表面风压系数影响较大。卢春玲等5等在3种不同流场下采用大涡模拟(large eddy simulation,简称LES)对深圳平安金融大厦风致响应进行分析,发现来流湍流强度与横风向等效风荷载呈正相关。
上述数值风洞研究均未考虑流固耦合效应,然而超高层建筑结构和风场间的耦合作用问题十分突出,因此研究超高层建筑结构的风致载荷特性时应考虑结构与风场之间的耦合作用。文献[67]对台北101大楼进行了结构响应特性研究,发现考虑流固耦合效应后结构模型的横风向等效风荷载显著降低,顺风向等效风荷载无明显变化。Wijesooriya等89采用LES湍流模型对超高细长结构气弹模型的风致响应进行分析,将双向流固耦合和单向流固耦合效应下的结构响应结果与风洞试验进行比较,发现结构在流固耦合效应下的结果与试验结果相近。
以上研究采用雷诺平均方程(Reynolds averaged navier⁃stokes,简称RANS)和LES,但RANS模型模拟精度欠佳,LES模型对网格要求较高,在近壁面附近的处理需要耗费大量的计算成本,处理方式复杂,使其在工程领域的应用和发展受限。DES湍流模型在近壁区采用RANS,远离壁面区采用LES,对高雷诺数流动有较强的适应性,计算精度高,所需计算资源适中,结合了两者的优点。
深圳平安大厦建成后,在台风“Nida”、“Haima”和“Mangkhut”等1011入境时进行了现场实测工作。笔者以深圳平安大厦为研究对象,建立其气弹性模型,在均匀来流和湍流来流条件下采用DES湍流模型对建筑模型的风压系数、等效静力风荷载以及风致响应进行分析,将模拟得到的风压系数、结构模态与风洞试验以及台风“Mangkhut”下现场实测结果进行对比,验证模拟结果的准确性,分析了建筑在均匀来流和湍流来流下的风效应差别。
深圳平安金融大厦高为600 m,宽度沿其高度从底部的63 m 逐渐减小到顶部的42 m,在第97层、82层、65层、50层和35层5个楼层安装了48个风压传感器。其中,在82层安装了16个风压传感器,测点布置如图1所示。图中:P表示压力传感器;N、E、W和S表示北、东、西、南方向;L、R表示左和右。在建筑顶部安装了超声波风速计。在台风“山竹”11通过期间,结构健康监测系统同时连续记录建筑顶部的风速和风向以及建筑物4个面的风压。
在某风洞实验室,对深圳平安大厦气弹模型进行了风洞试验,风洞试验模型和平面朝向图如图2所示。试验部分宽为4.9 m、高为3.0 m,采用1∶500的几何比例制作深圳平安金融大厦外形的气弹模型以及半径600 m内的周边建筑模型,结构阻尼比设计为4%。模型安装在风洞试验段的转盘上,通过转动模型来模拟不同的风向。风洞试验中以10°为间隔,共测试了36个风向。风速仪设置在相当于足尺760 m的高度。试验中,在模型底部的应变片信号以及模型顶部的加速度传感器信号均连接到风洞的数字采集系统上,并按照300点/s的速率对所有信号采样,得到同步的时间序列。信号记录长度相当于足尺情况下2 h。气弹模型上设置了2个加速度传感器,设置高度相当于实际建筑物的115层(地面以上538.0 m)。气弹模型上布置了应变片,以测定大楼两个正交方向的倾覆力矩和基底剪力。
本研究对均匀来流和湍流来流下的深圳平安金融大厦进行了考虑流固耦合的数值风洞模拟,基于ANSYS Workbench平台建立其气弹模型,临界阻尼比与风洞试验一致,通过System Coupling模块计算得到模型风荷载及风致响应。材料设置见表1
对全尺寸的深圳平安大厦进行建模计算,建筑模型高为600 m,底部尺寸为63 m×63 m。单体建筑计算域尺寸为1 200 m×2 400 m×1 200 m,周边建筑计算域尺寸为3 000 m×2 000 m×1 500 m。流域尺寸如图3所示。其中,建筑模型距入口和出口的距离分别为L和3LL=600 m),来流沿x正方向流入。平安金融大厦单体模型在计算域中的阻塞率为2.63%,满足阻塞率要求。划分网格采用最小网格尺寸为1 m的非结构化网格,网格增长率为1.1,最大网格尺寸为40 m,总网格数量为463×104。网格划分如图4所示。第1层网格高度为1.19×103 mm,则y+为95左右。
对于流体计算域,均匀来流与湍流来流条件下均采用分离涡模拟的数值模拟方法及相同的边界条件。计算域的入口处边界条件为速度入口,大气边界层平均风速剖面的模拟采用指数率形式12,即
其中:分别表示高度为处及标准参考高度的平均风速,取50年重现期下10 m高度处平均风速34.7 m/s;分别为任意高度及标准参考高度,在C类地貌条件下 =10 m;为地面粗糙度指数,在C类地貌条件下=0.22。
对于湍流来流条件下的流场,湍流强度12
其中:为任意高度;为任意高度处湍流强度;为10 m高度名义湍流强度,C类地貌下取0.23。
本研究中分离涡模拟入口湍流生成采用DSRFG13方法。对于均匀来流下的流场,则将湍流强度设置为0,其他边界条件下设置见表2。在结构动力响应计算中,建筑模型在基础处的约束设置为3向固定约束。在Workbench有限元模型中,将建筑物除去底面的其他面设置为流固耦合面。
分离涡模拟是对内部边界层网格采用RANS计算、对外围分离量较大的网格采用LES计算的一种数值模拟方法,该方法可以将网格尺寸相关的长度比例从RANS切换到LES,即
其中:=0.65;为3个方向的网格比例;为网格到壁面的距离。
时,启用RANS计算;当时,转换为LES进行计算。
DES方法对RANS区域和LES区域的划分仅依赖于网格尺度,在某些情况下可能会出现以下问题:随着网格的加密,DES97的限制器会误判而将该单元用LES处理,LES计算可能会在边界层内被激活,但此时网格的密度并不足以提供LES计算湍流边界层所需要的网格密度,使得LES产生过小的湍流黏性,导致模型Reynolds应力的不匹配,产生模型应力损耗(modeled stress depletion,简称MSD),MSD的直接后果是导致网格诱导的分离,边界层内受到LES方法干扰使湍流黏性降低,在小分离流动中出现明显的非物理分离解。因此,Spalart等14提出了一种改进的方法,通过引入控制函数保证边界层内的RANS求解,延迟了RANS的作用范围。该方法使用混合函数来定义长度比例,即
其中:dw为网格到壁面的距离;fd为转换函数,
湍流尺度与网格到壁面距离之比的计算式为
其中:为动力黏度;为分子黏度;为速度梯度;为卡曼谱常数。
转换函数在靠近壁面为0,湍流模型为RANS模型;在远离壁面为1,湍流模型转为LES模型。因此,可以使用转换函数来判别单元是否位于边界层内,提高了模拟的准确度和计算效率。分离涡模拟中,LES选择湍动能运输亚格子模型,该模型对不均匀湍流的复杂流场有着较好的模拟效果。RANS模型设定为Realizable 两方程模型,对于RANS模型中的,通过UDF编程进行定义。湍流动能,其中:为湍流强度;湍流积分尺度为湍流耗散率,
本次计算基于18核36线程CPU计算平台进行数值模拟计算。2种工况下流体区域参数设置一致,时间类型设置为瞬态。对风场的计算采用3D双精度、分离式求解器,空气模型选用不可压缩的常密度空气模型,基于压力求解器,求解算法采用SIMPLEC算法,离散格式选用二阶迎风格式。耦合模块的时间类型设置为瞬态,时间步长为0.1 s,步数设为6 000步,每步最大迭代子步设置为15步,雷诺数约为1.6×108。在动态网格设置中,将建筑表面即流固耦合表面设置为系统耦合,采用局部单元方法,最小长度尺度与最大长度尺寸根据流域与网格的大小分别取为0.6 m与123 m,最大单元歪斜率为0.9,网格重构间隔采用默认的5步,库朗数约为3.7。边界节点的弹簧系数和松弛系数分别为0.5和0.2,2种工况的绝对残差收敛判定值设置为1×10-4
对粗、中、细3种不同网格方案进行不考虑流固耦合的数值风洞计算,其最小网格尺寸参数分别为2、1和0.5 m,最大网格尺寸均为40 m,网格增长率均为1.2。流域的3种网格方案如图5所示。将各方案得出的结果与现场实测数据进行对比,不同网格下网格质量和迎风面压力系数见表3。平安大厦z=379 m测点位置如图6所示。各网格方案测点平均风压系数与现场实测结果对比如图7所示。
表3可知,相比于粗网格模式,中等网格与细网格方案的网格质量较好,且粗网格方案的歪斜率比其他2种网格模式差,3种网格方案下迎风面平均风压系数与风洞试验结果相对误差较小。由图7可知,3种网格方案下各测点平均风压系数与风洞试验结果分布趋势相一致,满足网格独立性要求。本研究的计算流体动力学模拟中采用中等网格模式。
单体模型和考虑周边建筑模型的平均风压系数云图如图8所示。可以看出:在建筑迎风面1/3高度以上,两者风压分布相似,数值相近;在建筑1/3高度以下,两者风压分布产生差异,但数值相差不大。y=0剖面平均风速云图如图9所示。可以看出:在建筑1/3高度以上两者风速云图分布相似;在建筑1/3以下,由于前方建筑对来流的干扰,使建筑下方的风速分布产生差异,从而导致平均风压系数分布不同。本研究仅取现场实测2/3高度处的数据进行比较验证,且周边建筑对该高度处的影响较小,因此采用单体建筑进行流固耦合计算。
对深圳平安金融大厦进行流场分析,其周围流场瞬时风速云图如图10所示。z=379 m剖面平均风速云图和流线分布如图11所示。由图可知,2种工况下来流在建筑周围都表现出钝体绕流,来流在建筑前缘两侧倒角分离,在建筑尾流区形成2个巨大的涡旋。均匀来流在到达建筑前具有较强的稳定性,风速分布均匀,而湍流来流较紊乱。接触到建筑后,均匀来流在建筑两侧周围形成风速较小的特征湍流,在尾流区形成狭长、扁平的涡旋,且涡旋离壁面较远。相比于均匀来流,湍流来流下建筑两侧特征湍流平均风速更 高,尾流区涡旋较短且更靠近壁面。
在有旋涡的流场区域,充满以自身轴为中心旋转的流体微团,形成以涡量表示的涡量场。涡量表示流动场内各点的旋度,涡量越大,表明流体微团旋转角速度越大,流场扰动剧烈,有利于流体传质的强化,对周围介质的卷吸能力越强。涡量在本研究中的含义是风速矢量的旋度。y=0和z=379 m剖面涡量分布图分别如图1213所示。可以看出:均匀来流下建筑前方涡量较湍流来流下的涡量小,两者的涡量值均在建筑两侧和尾流区较大;同一平面上涡量最大值出现在迎风面的倒角处;均匀来流下入流流线平直,风场总体涡量较小;湍流来流下入流有所波动,风场总体涡量较大,涡旋脱落现象明显。
平均风压系数定义为
脉动风压系数的计算公式为
其中:Pi为第i测点处的风压值;为入口建筑高度处静压;为参考高度平均风速,参考点为风场入口附近600 m高度处;为空气质量密度;CPi为第i测点风压系数;为该测点在时域内被测量次数。
均匀来流和湍流来流下z=379 m测点平均和脉动风压系数与实测值对比如图14所示。可以看出:湍流来流下建筑的平均和脉动风压系数分布趋势与现场实测结果基本一致;均匀来流下建筑迎风面和迎风面流动分离处的脉动风压系数小于实测值。
建筑表面平均和脉动风压系数分布云图如图15所示。可以看出,2种来流下建筑表面的平均风压系数分布无明显差别,整体呈现上大下小。由于顶部外形为流线型,因此最大值不在建筑顶部,而在位于建筑大约3/4高度处。
均匀来流下建筑迎风面和流动分离处脉动风压系数小于湍流来流工况,2种来流下背风面和流动再附着区域脉动风压系数分布无明显差别。
对深圳平安金融大厦Workbench有限元模型进行模态分析,将前5阶振型自振频率计算值与实测值进行对比,结果见表4。可以看出,Workbench模型模态计算值与实测值差距都在10%以内,具有较高的精确度与可信度。
剔除前200 s不稳定数据,得到深圳平安金融大厦均匀来流与湍流来流下建筑模型风荷载时程,如图16所示。其中:均匀来流的顺风向、横风向总风荷载根方差分别为2.57×106和3.14×106;湍流来流的顺风向、横风向总风荷载根方差分别为4.46×106和1.02×107。可以看出,均匀来流风场下风荷载脉动较湍流来流风荷载脉动更小,2种风场条件下的数值风洞模拟出了作用在建筑上的随机风荷载。
斯脱罗哈数St的定义为
其中:为旋涡脱落周期;为旋涡脱落频率;为建筑物迎风面宽度;为来流的平均速度。
图17为均匀来流与湍流来流下建筑模型风荷载功率谱。由图17(a)可以看出:顺风向风荷载功率谱没有明显主峰,能量分布与卡曼谱相吻合;均匀来流下风荷载功率谱在折减频率为0.11、0.42和0.91 Hz处出现较低谱峰,而湍流来流下仅在折减频率为0.11 Hz处出现谱峰,可见高湍流强度的来流使功率谱的能量向第1个谱峰集中。由图17(b)可以看出,2种来流下功率谱密度在折减频率为0.11 Hz附近出现谱峰,与方形柱体的斯脱罗哈数0.12相近,表明横风向的风荷载主要由卡门涡旋脱落产生。在湍流来流下,横风向风荷载功率谱主峰变低,低频范围的能量有所增加。随着湍流强度的提高,削弱了侧风面旋涡脱落,使弯矩脉动能量向高频转移,这与荷载谱结果相吻合。
采用时域分析方法对深圳平安大厦等效静力风荷载进行计算,其公式为
其中:为建筑第i楼层等效静力风荷载;为第i楼层的平均风荷载;为峰值因子,取为3.5;为第i楼层的质量;为第i层的根方差加速度;为第i楼层的惯性风荷载。
50年重现期风速条件下湍流来流、风洞试验的各工况等效静力风荷载见表5,其中结构阻尼比为4%。可以看出,湍流来流下等效静力风荷载与风洞试验结果接近,顺风向和横风向基底等效力和力矩分别为107和1010量级。顺风向等效风荷载主要由来流平均风速剖面控制,而横风向等效风荷载主要由建筑两侧特征湍流产生。
结构峰值风致响应可以表示为
其中:为某一结构响应(位移、加速度及内力等);为均值;为均方根值;为峰值因子,荷载规范12规定的取值为2.5。
均匀来流与湍流来流建筑模型最高居住层风致响应如图18所示。2种风场条件下建筑最高居住层响应值见表6,建筑高度为580 m。由表6图17可以看出,两者顺风向加速度响应和横风向位移响应峰值、平均值和根方差相近,湍流来流下建筑顺风向位移和横风向加速度响应峰值、平均值和根方差均大于均匀来流的工况。
顺风向上时,均匀来流下建筑最高居住层加速度的离差变化率比湍流来流下的小。建筑前方x=-40处的湍流强度剖面如图19所示。可以看出,由于湍流来流到达建筑表面之前不稳定,风速会产生较大变化,而均匀来流则更加平稳。均匀来流下建筑最高居住层位移响应变化幅值小于湍流来流工况。从顺风向风荷载时程可以看出,由于均匀来流下的风荷载根方差较小,而湍流来流下风荷载根方差较大,因此位移响应也随着时间产生较大变化。
横风向上时,湍流来流下建筑最高居住层加速度根方差大于均匀来流。由于湍流来流在建筑侧面形成风速变化较快的特征湍流,其作用在建筑两侧使结构产生横风向加速度,因此横风向加速度响应变化也较快。均匀来流在建筑模型两侧的流速较稳定,在横风向上的加速度响应幅值小于湍流来流工况。在横风向位移响应方面,2种工况下位移响应时程表现一致。
均匀与湍流来流下建筑最高居住层风致响应功率谱如图20所示。可以看出,2种来流条件下建筑响应功率谱曲线出现第1个尖峰对应的频率大致相同,且该频率与建筑结构一阶自振频率相近,与理论结果吻合。均匀来流下建筑加速度响应功率谱表现出三峰,位移响应功率谱都表现出双峰。这是因为对于位移响应,第1阶振型起控制作用,高阶振型及振型间耦合对其的贡献很小,可以忽略不计,只需考虑基阶振型的响应就可以达到工程要求;对于加速度响应,第1阶振型已不再起控制作用,因此高阶振型不能忽略不计,计算加速度响应时应该考虑高阶振型的影响。湍流来流下只表现出单峰,且各峰值频率对应建筑各阶自振频率。
顺风向上时,均匀来流下风荷载功率谱出现三峰,且各谱峰对应频率与风致响应功率谱谱峰频率接近,均匀来流脉动频率与结构自振频率接近,使来流与结构产生共振,因此在结构前3阶自振频率附近能量较大。湍流来流下风荷载功率谱仅有一个主峰,因此顺风向风致响应功率谱表现为单峰。湍流强度提高,削弱了侧风面旋涡脱落,使弯矩脉动能量向高频转移,这与荷载谱和响应谱结果相吻合。不同湍流强度下建筑的气动阻尼比也不同,对结构顺风向响应会产生一定的影响。
横风向上时,旋涡脱落频率与建筑结构自振频率相近,产生涡激共振,加速度响应和位移响应以结构一阶模态为主。当来流的湍流强度增大,低频区域的结构响应功率谱能量增大。
1) 对比前5阶自振频率和等效静力风荷载可知,本研究模拟具有较高的准确度,湍流来流工况下的结果与现场实测和风洞试验结果相吻合。
2) 来流在建筑迎风面倒角处分离,在尾流区形成大旋涡。均匀来流到达建筑前风速更加均匀,两侧形成的特征湍流风速较湍流来流低,尾流平均涡旋更加扁平、狭长,总体上涡量较小。湍流来流下建筑两侧特征湍流风速较高,背面涡旋脱落明显。
3) 湍流来流下的风压系数与现场实测结果分布趋势基本一致,2种工况下建筑的平均风压系数分布大致相同。相较于湍流来流,均匀来流下迎风面和流动分离处脉动风压系数较小,其他区域分布基本相同。
4) 顺风向风荷载功率谱没有明显主峰,能量分布与卡曼谱相吻合。在湍流来流下,横风向风荷载功率谱主峰变低,低频范围的能量有所增加。
5) 2种工况下顺风向加速度响应和横风向位移响应峰值、平均值和根方差相近。湍流来流下建筑顺风向位移和横风向加速度响应峰值、平均值和根方差均大于均匀来流的工况。均匀来流下建筑加速度响应功率谱表现出三峰,位移响应功率谱表现出双峰,而湍流来流下只表现出单峰。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52468041)
  • 广西科技基地与人才专项资助项目(桂科AD25069101)
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2025年第45卷第5期
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doi: 10.16450/j.cnki.issn.1004-6801.2025.05.018
  • 接收时间:2023-01-30
  • 首发时间:2026-03-27
  • 出版时间:2025-10-01
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  • 收稿日期:2023-01-30
  • 修回日期:2023-05-25
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(52468041)
广西科技基地与人才专项资助项目(桂科AD25069101)
作者信息
    1广西绿色建材与建筑工业化重点实验室 桂林,541004
    2桂林理工大学土木工程学院 桂林,541004
    3广西壮族自治区智慧结构材料工程研究中心 桂林,541004

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王强,男,1979年7月生,博士、副教授。主要研究方向为装配式结构。 E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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