Article(id=1244321224935977227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244284848500682798, issueId=1244321215637209904, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16156/j.1004-7220.2025.05.015, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1736956800000, receivedDateStr=2025-01-16, revisedDate=1740326400000, revisedDateStr=2025-02-24, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774598898395, onlineDateStr=2026-03-27, pubDate=1759248000000, pubDateStr=2025-10-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774598898395, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-27, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774598898395, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774598898395, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1244321215637209904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244284848500682798, year='2025', volume='40', issue='5', pageStart='1079', pageEnd='1366', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774598896178, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774599509568, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1244323788452639476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244284848500682798, issueId=1244321215637209904, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1244323788452639477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244284848500682798, issueId=1244321215637209904, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1193, endPage=1199, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1244321225305076000, articleId=1244321224935977227, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244284848500682798, language=EN, title=Relationship Between Single-Leg Standing Posture Control and Ankle Plantar Flexor Muscle Stability under Visual and Proprioceptive Interference, columnId=1244321216404767539, journalTitle=Journal of Medical Biomechanics, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To explore the correlation between single-leg standing posture control and ankle plantar flexor muscle stability, so as to provide a new theoretical basis for improving the ability of human posture control.

Methods

A total of 20 healthy male college students were randomly selected as the experimental subjects. The iBalance tester and training system was used to test the trajectory data of the center of pressure (COP) of the foot standing on one leg. The CON-TREX MJ multi-joint isokinetic test and training system was used to test the moment amplitude data during the contraction of ankle plantar flexor muscles. Univariate repeated measures variance analysis was used to analyze the standard deviation data of ankle plantar flexor moment amplitude between groups. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to study the correlation.

Results

The greater the intensity of the muscle stabilization task performed by the ankle plantar flexor muscle, the greater the standard deviation of the moment amplitude. The C90 area was positively correlated with the coefficient of variation (CV) of the 10% maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) moment of ankleplantar flexor muscle (r=0.761, P<0.05) during single-leg standing without interference. The C90 area was positively correlated with the CV (r=0.632, P<0.05) of the 30% MVC moment of ankle plantar flexor muscle during single-leg standing. When the proprioception was interfered during single-leg standing, the C90 area was positively correlated with the CV (r=0.583, P<0.05) of the 20% MVC moment amplitude of ankleplantar flexor muscle.

Conclusions

With the increasing difficulty of muscle strength stabilization performed by the ankle plantar flexor muscles, muscle stability decreases. There is a positive correlation between ankle plantar flexor strength stability and single-leg standing posture control. Compared with the case without interference, under visual and proprioceptive interference, an additional information input is reduced or disturbed, and it is more difficult to maintain body balance, and the ankle plantar flexor muscle needs a higher muscle stability in the force mode to participate in the posture control of the human body during single-leg standing.

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目的

探究单腿站立姿势控制与踝跖屈肌力稳定性的相关性,为提升人体姿势控制能力提供新的理论依据。

方法

随机选取20名健康男性大学生作为实验对象。采用iBalance平衡测试仪与训练系统测试单腿站立的足底压力中心(center of pressure,COP)轨迹数据;采用CON-TREXMJ多关节等速测试与训练系统测试踝跖屈肌收缩期间的力矩振幅数据。采用单因素重复测量方差分析组间踝跖屈肌力矩振幅的标准偏差数据;采用Pearson相关系数进行相关性研究。

结果

踝跖屈肌执行的肌力稳定任务强度越大,力矩振幅的标准偏差越大;无干扰单腿站立下,C90面积与10%踝跖屈肌最大任意收缩(maximum voluntary contraction,MVC)力矩振幅的变异系数(coefficient of variation,CV)(r=0.761,P<0.05)呈正相关。干扰视觉单腿站立下,C90面积与30%踝跖屈肌MVC力矩振幅CV(r=0.632,P<0.05)呈正相关。干扰本体感觉单腿站立下,C90面积与20%踝跖屈肌MVC力矩振幅CV(r=0.583,P<0.05)呈正相关。

结论

随着踝跖屈肌执行的肌力稳定任务难度加大,肌力稳定性降低;踝跖屈肌力稳定性与单腿站立姿势控制能力存在正相关关系。相较于无干扰情况,在视觉、本体感觉干扰下,额外的信息传入减少或受到干扰,人体维持身体平衡的难度加大,踝跖屈肌需要更高发力模式下的肌力稳定性来参与人体单腿站立的姿势控制。

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霍洪峰,高级实验师,硕士生导师,E-mail:
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作者贡献声明:

王冲负责研究设计、数据采集处理和论文撰写;武梦旖、王朋飞、邢泽宇负责数据采集和研究实施;霍洪峰负责论文指导和修改。

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注:a~e分别表示与10% MVC、20% MVC、30% MVC、50% MVC、80% MVC相比,P<0.01。

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视觉、本体感觉干扰下单腿站立姿势控制与踝跖屈肌力稳定性的相关性
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王冲 1 , 武梦旖 1 , 王朋飞 1 , 邢泽宇 1 , 霍洪峰 1, 2
医用生物力学 | 论著 2025,40(5): 1193-1199
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医用生物力学 | 论著 2025, 40(5): 1193-1199
视觉、本体感觉干扰下单腿站立姿势控制与踝跖屈肌力稳定性的相关性
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王冲1, 武梦旖1, 王朋飞1, 邢泽宇1, 霍洪峰1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.河北师范大学 体育学院,石家庄 050024
  • 2.河北省人体运动生物信息测评重点实验室,石家庄 050024

通讯作者:

霍洪峰,高级实验师,硕士生导师,E-mail:
Relationship Between Single-Leg Standing Posture Control and Ankle Plantar Flexor Muscle Stability under Visual and Proprioceptive Interference
Chong WANG1, Mengyi WU1, Pengfei WANG1, Zeyu XING1, Hongfeng HUO1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.College of Physical Education, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
  • 2.Hebei Key Laboratory of Human Movement Bioinformatics, Shijiazhuang 050024, China
出版时间: 2025-10-01 doi: 10.16156/j.1004-7220.2025.05.015
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目的

探究单腿站立姿势控制与踝跖屈肌力稳定性的相关性,为提升人体姿势控制能力提供新的理论依据。

方法

随机选取20名健康男性大学生作为实验对象。采用iBalance平衡测试仪与训练系统测试单腿站立的足底压力中心(center of pressure,COP)轨迹数据;采用CON-TREXMJ多关节等速测试与训练系统测试踝跖屈肌收缩期间的力矩振幅数据。采用单因素重复测量方差分析组间踝跖屈肌力矩振幅的标准偏差数据;采用Pearson相关系数进行相关性研究。

结果

踝跖屈肌执行的肌力稳定任务强度越大,力矩振幅的标准偏差越大;无干扰单腿站立下,C90面积与10%踝跖屈肌最大任意收缩(maximum voluntary contraction,MVC)力矩振幅的变异系数(coefficient of variation,CV)(r=0.761,P<0.05)呈正相关。干扰视觉单腿站立下,C90面积与30%踝跖屈肌MVC力矩振幅CV(r=0.632,P<0.05)呈正相关。干扰本体感觉单腿站立下,C90面积与20%踝跖屈肌MVC力矩振幅CV(r=0.583,P<0.05)呈正相关。

结论

随着踝跖屈肌执行的肌力稳定任务难度加大,肌力稳定性降低;踝跖屈肌力稳定性与单腿站立姿势控制能力存在正相关关系。相较于无干扰情况,在视觉、本体感觉干扰下,额外的信息传入减少或受到干扰,人体维持身体平衡的难度加大,踝跖屈肌需要更高发力模式下的肌力稳定性来参与人体单腿站立的姿势控制。

肌力稳定性  /  踝跖屈肌  /  单腿站立  /  姿势控制  /  视觉  /  本体感觉
Objective

To explore the correlation between single-leg standing posture control and ankle plantar flexor muscle stability, so as to provide a new theoretical basis for improving the ability of human posture control.

Methods

A total of 20 healthy male college students were randomly selected as the experimental subjects. The iBalance tester and training system was used to test the trajectory data of the center of pressure (COP) of the foot standing on one leg. The CON-TREX MJ multi-joint isokinetic test and training system was used to test the moment amplitude data during the contraction of ankle plantar flexor muscles. Univariate repeated measures variance analysis was used to analyze the standard deviation data of ankle plantar flexor moment amplitude between groups. The Pearson correlation coefficient was used to study the correlation.

Results

The greater the intensity of the muscle stabilization task performed by the ankle plantar flexor muscle, the greater the standard deviation of the moment amplitude. The C90 area was positively correlated with the coefficient of variation (CV) of the 10% maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) moment of ankleplantar flexor muscle (r=0.761, P<0.05) during single-leg standing without interference. The C90 area was positively correlated with the CV (r=0.632, P<0.05) of the 30% MVC moment of ankle plantar flexor muscle during single-leg standing. When the proprioception was interfered during single-leg standing, the C90 area was positively correlated with the CV (r=0.583, P<0.05) of the 20% MVC moment amplitude of ankleplantar flexor muscle.

Conclusions

With the increasing difficulty of muscle strength stabilization performed by the ankle plantar flexor muscles, muscle stability decreases. There is a positive correlation between ankle plantar flexor strength stability and single-leg standing posture control. Compared with the case without interference, under visual and proprioceptive interference, an additional information input is reduced or disturbed, and it is more difficult to maintain body balance, and the ankle plantar flexor muscle needs a higher muscle stability in the force mode to participate in the posture control of the human body during single-leg standing.

muscle stability  /  ankle plantar flexor muscle  /  single-leg standing  /  posture control  /  vision  /  proprioception
王冲, 武梦旖, 王朋飞, 邢泽宇, 霍洪峰. 视觉、本体感觉干扰下单腿站立姿势控制与踝跖屈肌力稳定性的相关性. 医用生物力学, 2025 , 40 (5) : 1193 -1199 . DOI: 10.16156/j.1004-7220.2025.05.015
Chong WANG, Mengyi WU, Pengfei WANG, Zeyu XING, Hongfeng HUO. Relationship Between Single-Leg Standing Posture Control and Ankle Plantar Flexor Muscle Stability under Visual and Proprioceptive Interference[J]. Journal of Medical Biomechanics, 2025 , 40 (5) : 1193 -1199 . DOI: 10.16156/j.1004-7220.2025.05.015
姿势控制能力是维持人体身体平衡的重要因素。安静站立时,姿势控制的动态变化使人体的压力中心(center of pressure,COP)在足底形成一定的晃动轨迹。将采集时间内获取的COP数据进行量化处理,所得到的COP包络面积可以反映身体的姿势控制能力[1-2]。人体在姿势控制过程中不仅需要一定的肌肉力量,还需要肌肉稳定地输出力量[3]。肌肉在收缩过程中的力量输出会不断发生波动,波动幅度越大,动作的稳定性越低[4]。研究表明,下肢肌力稳定性与个体的平衡能力密切相关,是影响人体姿势控制的关键因素之一[5]。肌力稳定性是反映肌肉力量稳定输出能力的核心指标[6],其量化评估通常在肌肉等长收缩状态下开展,计算为肌肉在等长收缩期间产生的力矩振幅的标准偏差或变异系数(coefficient of variation,CV)[6-7]
外界信息的输入对于人体维持正确的姿势控制起着至关重要的作用,其中人体的本体感觉、视觉及前庭觉是影响信息输入的三大感觉系统[8]。感觉系统所接收到的外界信息首先向中枢神经系统进行传递[9],之后在中枢神经系统整合分析,进而生成运动指令激活神经肌肉产生反馈活动。当任一感觉系统出现缺陷或遭受干扰时,其他感觉系统会进行补偿[10-11]。在这一过程中,由于不同感觉信息输入在中枢神经系统中的相对权重发生了变化,激活的肌肉活动程度也会发生变化,以维持身体姿势的相对稳定。在下肢肌肉群中,踝关节肌群对于姿势控制与活动能力具有重要的意义[12]。踝跖屈肌作为踝关节周围的重要肌群,其长度和张力的变化是踝关节本体感觉最重要的信息来源。研究表明,踝跖屈肌力稳定性与安静站立时的姿势控制之间存在正相关关系[13]。然而,目前的研究尚无法明确当感觉系统受到干扰,神经肌肉反馈发生变化时,人体站立姿势控制与踝跖屈肌力稳定性之间是否还存在特定的关联。鉴于感觉系统在人体姿势控制中的核心地位,深入探究感觉系统功能处于干扰时,站立姿势控制与肌力稳定性之间的内在联系,有助于理解人体姿势控制的机制、预防跌倒。在姿势控制的实验研究中,单腿站立因其支撑面狭窄且能将对侧腿的影响降至最低,而更适合用于检测平衡障碍。这一方法能够更精确地揭示肌力稳定性与姿势控制之间的复杂关系[14]
本文从力量控制角度对肌肉特性进行研究,分析正常人在不同干扰下单腿站立姿势控制与踝跖屈肌力稳定性的相关关系。本研究假设:①随着执行的肌力稳定任务难度加大,力量的波动增加,肌力稳定性降低。②不同干扰下人体单腿站立姿势控制与踝跖屈肌力稳定性存在正相关关系。
招募20名健康男大学生,年龄(21.5±1.3)岁,身高(176.3±6.6)cm,体重(69.7±9.3)kg,优势腿均为右腿。要求受试者近半年内无下肢损伤,72 h内无剧烈运动,在试验前48 h内无酒精摄入,有能力配合实验任务要求。参与者在明确实验全部流程与相关信息后,自愿参与研究并签署知情同意书。
采用iBalance平衡测试仪与训练系统(HUR Labs公司,芬兰)进行单腿站立姿势控制足底COP轨迹测试,该测试仪包含BT4平衡台、泡沫垫(邵氏C硬度为20,摩擦系数为0.5)以及iBalance Plus数据分析软件;采用CON-TREX MJ多关节等速测试与训练系统(Physiomed公司,德国)进行踝跖屈肌力稳定性测试。
实验开始前对平衡台进行校准,受试者裸足在iBalance平衡台上按照睁眼、闭眼、泡沫垫上睁眼以及泡沫垫上闭眼4种模式,以随机顺序在平衡台上完成30 s右腿单腿站立测试。正常单腿站立为睁眼模式、干扰视觉单腿站立为闭眼模式、干扰本体感觉为泡沫垫上睁眼模式、视觉和本体感觉共同干扰为泡沫垫上闭眼模式。泡沫垫的柔软性会减弱足底本体感受器对地面反作用力的感知,使身体对自身位置和重心变化的感知变得模糊[15]。采集4种单腿站立任务下的足底COP轨迹数据[1]。要求每次测试实验场景要保持一致,实验过程处于安静环境,参与者将赤裸的右脚放在平台中央,上肢保持在胸部前方,臀部和右膝角度保持中立(即0°),左膝弯曲。受试者在保持自然颈部姿势的同时,注视前方30 cm的点。实验过程中听从指示。在控制姿势时,尽可能少地运动臀部和膝盖[6]。每项测试重复3次。
在踝跖屈肌力稳定任务测试中,受试者裸足仰卧位与CON-TREX MJ多关节等速测试仪上,双腿伸直,上身由非弹性腰带固定,将足移动平面和足部踏板移动平面重合,外踝部位与机头转动中心保持在一条直线上,设定运动范围。首先进行踝跖屈肌最大任意收缩(maximum voluntary contraction,MVC)测试,口头鼓励受试者施加最大的踝关节跖屈肌力约3 s,进行3次MVC测试,休息间隔1 min,取3次测试的平均峰值力矩作为该受试者的MVC力矩值。根据踝跖屈肌MVC,将肌力稳定任务的目标力矩设定为受试者MVC的10%、20%、30%、50%和80%[16]。每个强度肌力稳定任务执行3次。在肌力稳定任务中,目标和施加的力矩均显示在计算机显示器上,以供受试者进行视觉反馈。测试时间为25 s。受试者需要目视屏幕,根据视觉反馈将力矩值达到并稳定在目标值上,视觉反馈时间约10 s[17],忽略前10 s的力矩振幅数据,将后15 s力矩振幅数据作为有效数据,每项测试重复3次。
单腿站立时,人体进行姿势控制是一个动态变化的过程,其足底COP会形成一定的晃动轨迹。COP轨迹中的C90表示包含90% COP点所围成的最小椭圆[1];C90面积(SC90)为该椭圆的包络面积,是评价站立姿势控制能力较为直观、便捷的指标[18]。本文使用C90面积作为单腿站立姿势控制的评价指标。个体的身高(body height,BH)和体重(body weight,BW)对测试存在较大的影响,故对C90面积作标准化处理,并取3次测试平均值作为指标[6]
在肌力稳定任务测试中,截取后15 s力矩的原始数据(见图1),计算出不同强度肌力稳定任务力矩振幅数据的标准偏差以及平均值,再根据公式计算力矩振幅的CV。采用标准偏差作为不同强度肌力稳定任务下踝跖屈肌力稳定性指标,并取3次测试CV的平均值[19]。计算公式如下:
实验所得参数均以(平均值±标准差)表示。数据处理使用统计软件SPSS 27.0完成,采用Shapiro-Wilk检验对数据进行正态性分析;采用单因素重复测量方差分析比较不同强度肌力稳定任务下踝跖屈肌力矩振幅的标准偏差,若主效应显著,则进一步使用LSD检验进行事后两两比较;采用Pearson相关分析探讨不同干扰条件下单腿站立时C90面积与踝跖屈肌力矩振幅CV之间的关系。显著性水平设定为α=0.05。
受试者在执行正常、视觉干扰、本体感觉干扰、视觉及本体感觉干扰下单腿站立姿势控制任务的C90面积测试结果见图2
由受试者在执行10%、20%、30%、50%、80%踝跖屈肌MVC肌力稳定任务下力矩振幅的标准偏差结果可见,随着踝跖屈肌执行的肌力稳定任务强度越大,力矩振幅的标准偏差越大(见图3)。
受试者在执行10%、20%、30%、50%、80%踝跖屈肌MVC肌力稳定任务下力矩振幅的CV计算结果见图4
在无干扰单腿站立情况下,C90面积仅与10%踝跖屈肌MVC力矩振幅CV(r=0.761,P=0.004)呈正相关。在干扰视觉单腿站立情况下,C90面积仅与30%踝跖屈肌MVC力矩振幅CV(r=0.632,P=0.027)呈正相关;在干扰本体感觉单腿站立情况下,C90面积仅与20%踝跖屈肌MVC力矩振幅CV(r=0.583,P=0.044)呈正相关;在视觉、本体感觉同时被干扰的情况下,C90面积与10%、20%、30%、50%、80%踝跖屈肌MVC力矩振幅CV都不存在显著相关性(见图5)。
人体肌肉对维持姿势控制起着至关重要的作用。肌力稳定性作为肌肉力学特性之一,探究其与人体姿势控制能力之间的关系,可以提供更多的视角来审视肌肉功能的复杂性。本文探究了健康人在正常情况、本体感觉干扰、视觉干扰以及本体感觉和视觉共同干扰下,单腿站立姿势控制能力与踝跖屈肌力稳定性的相关性,结果发现,踝跖屈肌在不同强度下的肌力稳定性与不同条件下的姿势控制能力呈现出正相关关系。
本文结果支持第1个研究假设,即执行的肌力稳定任务难度加大,力量波动增加,肌力稳定性降低。本文发现,随着完成踝跖屈肌力稳定任务的强度增大,踝跖屈肌等长收缩过程中力矩振幅的标准偏差逐渐增大。肌肉在维持低强度收缩过程中,运动神经元不需要募集大量的肌纤维,每一个运动神经元需要控制的肌纤维数量较少,这有利于运动神经元实现对肌纤维更加精细的控制。研究表明,人体的眼外直肌需要精细控制,一个运动神经元仅支配数条肌纤维[20]。随着收缩负荷的增加,机体为维持目标力量输出水平,运动神经元需要募集更多的肌纤维参与收缩,包括更多的快肌纤维,中枢神经不能对其进行精细控制[21]。单个运动单位所支配的肌纤维数量增加,使得运动神经元对肌纤维控制的精细程度降低[22],但增加了整体的力量输出。因此,本研究出现随着踝跖屈肌力稳定任务的强度增大,踝跖屈肌等长收缩过程中力矩振幅的标准偏差也随之增大的结果。当踝跖屈肌执行80%的肌力稳定任务时,力矩振幅的标准偏差增大幅度加剧。肌肉在大负荷持续收缩时,容易产生疲劳。郭峰等[23]研究发现,肌肉在疲劳后,力量输出变得不稳定,对力量输出调整的能力减弱。
本文结果支持第2个研究假设。在人体执行单腿站立的任务时,肌肉作为维持姿势控制的唯一动力源,扮演着至关重要的角色[24]。在此过程中,肌肉无需展现其最大力量,而是要求具备稳定的力量输出能力和迅速调节能力。若肌肉稳定输出力量的能力不足,会导致力量输出的波动性增大。这种波动在单腿站立时体现为肌肉力量的显著起伏,进而引起身体晃动幅度的增加,致使姿势控制变得不稳定。由此,肌肉力量的稳定性与身体姿势控制的稳定性之间建立了联系。视觉、本体感觉干扰下人体进行姿势控制,所需踝跖屈肌执行肌力稳定任务的强度大于正常情况下踝跖屈肌执行肌力稳定任务的强度。Hirono等[6]研究也发现,相较于在稳定平台上进行姿势控制时所需的踝跖屈肌力稳定性的强度,个体在不稳定平台上进行姿势控制时所需的踝跖屈肌力稳定性的强度更高。原因可能是姿势通过感觉功能和运动功能(如反射系统或自主收缩)之间的相互作用来控制[25],在无干扰情况下,外界传入信息较完整,姿势控制的难度较低,肌肉只需要发挥较低强度的力量,即可完成对身体姿势的控制。Kouzaki等[13]研究表明,踝跖屈肌在低收缩强度下的肌肉活动量与安静站立时的活动量相当,这一发现为本文结果提供了有力的证据支持。在视觉、本体感觉干扰单腿站立下,由于额外信息的传入减少或受到干扰,中枢神经系统通过反射性神经肌肉反馈机制对动作调节的精确度下降,COP会发生较大波动,人体维持身体姿势控制的难度加大,为提升身体站立时的姿势稳定性,肌肉需要发挥更大强度的力量来参与身体姿势控制。本文发现,与视觉干扰下姿势控制相关的踝跖屈肌力稳定性强度大于与本体感觉干扰下姿势控制相关的踝跖屈肌力稳定性强度。Kahky等[26]研究认为,视觉作用比本体感觉作用对姿势控制的影响程度更大,该结果与本文结果一致。而娄彦涛等[27]研究表明,在最大干扰时,本体感觉对姿势控制的作用大于视觉。这两种结果的差异与本体感觉的干扰程度有关。当人体执行更大强度的肌力稳定任务时,支撑腿同侧顶叶、壳核、脑岛和对侧额上回的血氧水平依赖性反应增加。这些区域的反应也与力的波动有关[28]。此外,研究普遍认为困难的姿势任务需要增加大脑皮层的神经支配,如补充运动区和感觉运动整合区[29],但控制的精细度会降低。在姿势控制任务中,当本体感觉与视觉系统同时受到干扰时,其难度显著高于仅本体感觉或视觉单一系统受干扰的情况。然而,现有实验并未发现本体感觉与视觉共同干扰下的姿势控制能力与更高强度踝跖屈肌MVC肌力稳定性之间存在直接相关性。在力量控制研究领域,关于高强度收缩下肌力稳定性的研究通常报告出较小的效应量,并且存在许多不显著的结果[7,19]。Tajitsu等[4]研究表明,对于姿势不稳定帕金森病患者组,其10%膝关节伸肌MVC肌力稳定性要低于姿势稳定患者组和健康对照组,而在50% MVC时,3组之间的差异却不显著。此外,肌肉在进行高强度等长收缩时,容易产生疲劳,而疲劳的发生同样会使力量输出值的变异增大[23],从而影响实验结果。
本研究存在一定局限性。本文探究了不同干扰下姿势控制与不同强度踝跖屈肌力稳定性之间的相关关系,但并未研究这种关联的内在机制。人类力量评价需要兼顾肌肉活动和神经机制,姿势控制能力和肌力稳定性均与神经肌肉系统有关,特别是肌力稳定性会受到运动单位放电率和肌肉传入信号变异性的影响[30-31]。提高肌力稳定性(降低力的变异性)的干预措施通常涉及力量训练,目的是减少运动单位放电率的变异性。运动单元的放电频率可以很好反映神经系统的控制,它决定了产生力的确切命令及神经驱动中所产生的频率成分。肌电信号输出的频率振幅决定着力的变异性[32],预测肌肉在执行肌力稳定任务和姿势控制任务时,肌电信号在频域特征方面也存在着关联。此外,衰老、神经系统以及肌肉骨骼疾病会在不同程度影响力量输出的稳定性[33-34]。老年人作为跌倒损伤的主要人群,对力量精准控制的能力远低于年轻人,力量波动的幅度通常更大[35]。因此,后续老年人肌力稳定性研究对预防跌倒至关重要,具有显著的现实意义。
随着踝跖屈肌执行的肌力稳定任务难度加大,肌力稳定性降低;踝跖屈肌力稳定性与单腿站立姿势控制能力存在正相关关系。相较于无干扰情况,视觉、本体感觉干扰下,额外的信息传入减少或受到干扰,人体维持身体平衡的难度加大,踝跖屈肌需要更高发力模式下的肌力稳定性来参与人体单腿站立的姿势控制。
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doi: 10.16156/j.1004-7220.2025.05.015
  • 接收时间:2025-01-16
  • 首发时间:2026-03-27
  • 出版时间:2025-10-01
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  • 收稿日期:2025-01-16
  • 修回日期:2025-02-24
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河北省科技支撑项目(16275709)
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    1.河北师范大学 体育学院,石家庄 050024
    2.河北省人体运动生物信息测评重点实验室,石家庄 050024

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霍洪峰,高级实验师,硕士生导师,E-mail:
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yyswlx/CN/10.16156/j.1004-7220.2025.05.015
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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