Article(id=1244321216782254904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244284848500682798, issueId=1244321215637209904, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16156/j.1004-7220.2025.05.017, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1737475200000, receivedDateStr=2025-01-22, revisedDate=1741881600000, revisedDateStr=2025-03-14, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774598896450, onlineDateStr=2026-03-27, pubDate=1759248000000, pubDateStr=2025-10-01, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774598896450, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-27, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774598896450, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774598896450, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1244321215637209904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244284848500682798, year='2025', volume='40', issue='5', pageStart='1079', pageEnd='1366', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774598896178, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774599509568, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1244323788452639476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244284848500682798, issueId=1244321215637209904, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1244323788452639477, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244284848500682798, issueId=1244321215637209904, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1207, endPage=1213, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1244321217050690361, articleId=1244321216782254904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244284848500682798, language=EN, title=Effects of Different Obstacle-Crossing Strategies on Dynamic Balance Ability, columnId=1244321216404767539, journalTitle=Journal of Medical Biomechanics, columnName=Original Articles, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective

To investigate the dynamic balance ability of healthy young adults under different obstacle-crossing strategies, thereby providing a theoretical basis for fall prevention training and public facility design.

Methods

Twenty healthy young adults participated in the experiment using F-scan plantar pressure analysis insoles. The subjects were required to cross three obstacles with different combinations of height and width. With their dominant foot serving as the leading foot and the non-dominant foot as the trailing foot, the subjects performed both lateral and forward crossing maneuvers, and their plantar pressure data were collected.

Results

Different crossing strategies significantly affected the adjustment speed of the leading foot's center of pressure in the medial-lateral direction (COP_ML), the area of the 95% confidence circle, ML amplitude, and anterior-posterior (AP) amplitude (P<0.05). These strategies also significantly impacted the trailing foot's COP_ML adjustment speed, the area of the 95% confidence circle, and the range between the maximum and minimum swings (P<0.05). For the leading foot, during lateral and forward crossing, the balance parameter values under different heights and widths were statistically significant (P<0.05), increasing as the height and width increased. For the trailing foot, during forward crossing, the balance parameter values under different heights were statistically significant (P<0.05), increasing with height, while during lateral crossing, the differences in balance parameter values were not statistically significant (P>0.05).

Conclusions

Healthy young adults demonstrate better balance ability with the leading foot during forward obstacle crossing, which aligns with the movement habits of the dominant foot and daily activity patterns. The trailing foot exhibits a more stable plantar pressure distribution during lateral obstacle crossing, likely due to a larger contact area and more even center of gravity distribution.

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目的

调查健康青年在不同跨越障碍策略下的人体动态平衡能力,为防跌倒训练和公共设施设计提供理论依据。

方法

20名健康青年使用F-scan足底压力分析鞋垫进行实验。受试者被要求针对3种不同高度与宽度组合的障碍物,以优势足为先行足,非优势足为跟随足,分别采用横跨和纵跨两种方法进行跨越,并采集足底压力数据。

结果

不同跨越策略对先行足COP_ML调整速度、95%置信圆面积、ML振幅和AP振幅产生显著影响(P<0.05)。不同跨越策略对跟随足COP_ML调整速度、95%置信圆面积、最大摆动和最小摆动的差异产生显著影响(P<0.05)。先行足在横跨和纵跨时,在不同高度和宽度下平衡参数值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),平衡参数值会随高度增高而变大,也会随宽度加宽而变大。跟随足在纵跨时,在不同高度下平衡参数值差异有统计学意义,平衡参数值会随高度增高而变大,但在横跨时平衡参数值差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论

健康青年在纵向跨越障碍物时,先行足的平衡能力优于横向跨越,与优势足的运动习惯和日常活动模式相符。而非先行足在横向跨越时表现出更稳定的足底压力分布,可能与更大的触地面积和更均匀的重心分布有关。

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吕杰,副教授,E-mail:
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作者贡献声明:

李乐琪负责论文撰写;徐浩然、汪瑞琴负责足底压力测试;李乐琪、曹金凤、张琳琳负责数据整合及分析;韩甲、吕杰负责论文和实验指导。

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articleId=1244321216782254904, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=COP data during crossing obstacles (a) Adjustment speed of the leading foot's COP_ML, (b) Adjustment speed of the leading foot's COP_AP, (c) Adjustment speed of the leading foot's COP, (d) 95% confidence circle area of the leading foot, (e) ML amplitude of the leading foot, (f) AP amplitude of the leading foot, (g) Maximum swing of the leading foot, (h) Minimum swing of the leading foot, (i) Adjustment speed of the trailing foot's COP_ML, (j) Adjustment speed of the trailing foot's COP_AP, (k) Adjustment speed of the trailing foot's COP, (l) 95% confidence circle area of the trailing foot, (m) ML amplitude of the trailing foot, (n) AP amplitude of the trailing foot, (o) Maximum swing of the trailing foot, (p) Minimum swing of the trailing foot, figureFileSmall=Js0CFWE35S4zwA5jThI5AQ==, figureFileBig=lxmkw3t0tsdAC/UgPxZyDQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244321231109997131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244284848500682798, articleId=1244321216782254904, language=CN, label=图4, caption=跨越障碍物时COP数据

注:障碍物1尺寸宽25 cm×高30 cm;障碍物2:宽25 cm×高15 cm;障碍物3:宽50 cm×高15 cm;*P<0.05,**P<0.001。

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不同越障策略对动态平衡能力的影响
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李乐琪 1a , 徐浩然 1b , 汪瑞琴 1b , 曹金凤 2 , 张琳琳 1b , 韩甲 1b , 吕杰 1b
医用生物力学 | 论著 2025,40(5): 1207-1213
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医用生物力学 | 论著 2025, 40(5): 1207-1213
不同越障策略对动态平衡能力的影响
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李乐琪1a, 徐浩然1b, 汪瑞琴1b, 曹金凤2, 张琳琳1b, 韩甲1b, 吕杰1b
作者信息
  • 1a.上海健康医学院 医疗器械学院,上海 201318
  • 1b.上海健康医学院 康复学院,上海 201318
  • 2.上海大学 期刊社,上海 200444

通讯作者:

吕杰,副教授,E-mail:
Effects of Different Obstacle-Crossing Strategies on Dynamic Balance Ability
Leqi LI1a, Haoran XU1b, Ruiqin WANG1b, Jinfeng CAO2, Linlin ZHANG1b, Jia HAN1b, Jie LÜ1b
Affiliations
  • 1a.College of Medical Instrumentation, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
  • 1b.College of Rehabilitation Sciences, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Shanghai 201318, China
  • 2.Periodicals Agency of Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China
出版时间: 2025-10-01 doi: 10.16156/j.1004-7220.2025.05.017
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目的

调查健康青年在不同跨越障碍策略下的人体动态平衡能力,为防跌倒训练和公共设施设计提供理论依据。

方法

20名健康青年使用F-scan足底压力分析鞋垫进行实验。受试者被要求针对3种不同高度与宽度组合的障碍物,以优势足为先行足,非优势足为跟随足,分别采用横跨和纵跨两种方法进行跨越,并采集足底压力数据。

结果

不同跨越策略对先行足COP_ML调整速度、95%置信圆面积、ML振幅和AP振幅产生显著影响(P<0.05)。不同跨越策略对跟随足COP_ML调整速度、95%置信圆面积、最大摆动和最小摆动的差异产生显著影响(P<0.05)。先行足在横跨和纵跨时,在不同高度和宽度下平衡参数值差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),平衡参数值会随高度增高而变大,也会随宽度加宽而变大。跟随足在纵跨时,在不同高度下平衡参数值差异有统计学意义,平衡参数值会随高度增高而变大,但在横跨时平衡参数值差异没有统计学意义(P>0.05)。

结论

健康青年在纵向跨越障碍物时,先行足的平衡能力优于横向跨越,与优势足的运动习惯和日常活动模式相符。而非先行足在横向跨越时表现出更稳定的足底压力分布,可能与更大的触地面积和更均匀的重心分布有关。

足底压力  /  障碍跨越  /  动态平衡  /  健康青年
Objective

To investigate the dynamic balance ability of healthy young adults under different obstacle-crossing strategies, thereby providing a theoretical basis for fall prevention training and public facility design.

Methods

Twenty healthy young adults participated in the experiment using F-scan plantar pressure analysis insoles. The subjects were required to cross three obstacles with different combinations of height and width. With their dominant foot serving as the leading foot and the non-dominant foot as the trailing foot, the subjects performed both lateral and forward crossing maneuvers, and their plantar pressure data were collected.

Results

Different crossing strategies significantly affected the adjustment speed of the leading foot's center of pressure in the medial-lateral direction (COP_ML), the area of the 95% confidence circle, ML amplitude, and anterior-posterior (AP) amplitude (P<0.05). These strategies also significantly impacted the trailing foot's COP_ML adjustment speed, the area of the 95% confidence circle, and the range between the maximum and minimum swings (P<0.05). For the leading foot, during lateral and forward crossing, the balance parameter values under different heights and widths were statistically significant (P<0.05), increasing as the height and width increased. For the trailing foot, during forward crossing, the balance parameter values under different heights were statistically significant (P<0.05), increasing with height, while during lateral crossing, the differences in balance parameter values were not statistically significant (P>0.05).

Conclusions

Healthy young adults demonstrate better balance ability with the leading foot during forward obstacle crossing, which aligns with the movement habits of the dominant foot and daily activity patterns. The trailing foot exhibits a more stable plantar pressure distribution during lateral obstacle crossing, likely due to a larger contact area and more even center of gravity distribution.

plantar pressure  /  obstacle crossing  /  dynamic balance  /  healthy young adults
李乐琪, 徐浩然, 汪瑞琴, 曹金凤, 张琳琳, 韩甲, 吕杰. 不同越障策略对动态平衡能力的影响. 医用生物力学, 2025 , 40 (5) : 1207 -1213 . DOI: 10.16156/j.1004-7220.2025.05.017
Leqi LI, Haoran XU, Ruiqin WANG, Jinfeng CAO, Linlin ZHANG, Jia HAN, Jie LÜ. Effects of Different Obstacle-Crossing Strategies on Dynamic Balance Ability[J]. Journal of Medical Biomechanics, 2025 , 40 (5) : 1207 -1213 . DOI: 10.16156/j.1004-7220.2025.05.017
跌倒是全球因伤害致死的第二大原因,严重威胁公众健康。研究表明,约23%的跌倒事件发生于跨越障碍过程中[1],跨越障碍物涉及复杂的神经肌肉协调、平衡控制机制和个体的步态特征[2]。而步态特征由个体的四肢、躯干、神经系统以及运动平衡能力共同影响。因此,运动时的动态平衡能力作为维持姿势稳定的核心要素,是影响跌倒风险的关键生物力学指标[3]
足底压力中心(center of pressure,COP)是评估平衡能力最可靠的参数,它能够提供关于重心移动和稳定性的定量信息[4]。针对COP参数结果的研究,可以用于定性和定量分析不同跨越障碍策略下的步态稳定性。具体而言,COP位移可以定性反映足部中外侧(medial-lateral,ML)和前后(anterior-posterior,AP)方向的位移情况,位移距离越大,稳定性越差[5]
近年来,国内外学者利用足底压力测量技术在平衡能力评估等领域开展了大量研究[6]。既往研究多集中于健康青年男性在不同高度下落时的足底生物力学响应[7]、健康青年正常行走中轻扶栏杆对平衡控制的影响[8],以及健康成年男性在双足与单足站立期间的足底力学特征[2]。然而,目前对不同跨越策略下的生物力学差异仍缺乏系统探讨,一定程度上制约针对性运动干预方案的制订。本文以健康青年为对象,基于Footscan足底压力分析系统,系统比较横跨与纵跨策略下先行足与跟随足的COP参数差异。研究结果不仅可为防跌倒训练方案的优化与公共设施设计的完善提供实证支持,也有助于拓展动态平衡控制理论在实践中的应用前景。
纳入标准:①年龄18~20岁;②近6个月内无任何影响姿势与平衡控制的损伤或疾病史,包括但不限于足踝损伤、神经系统疾病、下肢骨折、腿长差异及关节炎;③未长期服用可能影响平衡功能的药物;④无严重认知障碍或心理疾病;⑤无严重心脏病、心脑血管疾病或其他较高运动风险的情况;⑥自愿参与研究,已完成相关问卷调查并签署知情同意书。
实验在安静的实验室环境中进行,以尽量减少外部干扰。使用3个由硬纸板制成的障碍物,尺寸(长×宽×高)分别为80 cm×25 cm×30 cm、80 cm×25 cm×15 cm和80 cm×50 cm×15 cm(见图1)。为使模拟的实验环境更贴合现实生活,采用生活中常见的障碍物的尺寸。台阶和路缘石高度大约为15、30 cm,减速带或水洼的宽度约为25 cm。利用G* Power计算样本量约为20人,故招募20名健康青年志愿者。
在不告知参与者实验目的情况下,突然向其踢送1个球,记录其在自然反应状态下最先用于接球的脚,判定该脚为优势足[9-10]。参与者会随机进行3种不同障碍物的跨越实验,使用优势足作为跨越的前足,即先行足;使用非优势足作为跨越的后足,即跟随足。两种跨越策略(横跨和纵跨)分别测试3次,跨越方式详见图2
先行足数据范围:从优势足跨越障碍物后接触地面的一瞬间到双脚跨越障碍物且站稳后;跟随足数据范围:从一开始双脚站稳到非优势足准备跨越障碍物离地的一瞬间。
采用Footscan足底压力分析系统(鞋垫厚度0.15 mm,采样频率50 Hz)进行数据采集。正式测试前24 h内,要求受试者避免剧烈活动,以排除疲劳因素的干扰。为减少鞋垫移位,所有受试者统一穿着棉袜,并使用双面粘合剂将测力鞋垫固定于足底的3个锚定点(脚趾、足弓及足跟处)。所有测试均在实验室内统一铺设的地板平面上完成。正式实验前,受试者需充分适应实验环境及不同高度台阶,以确保实验过程中保持身心放松状态。具体实验流程如图3所示。
足底压力数据(包括COP原始数据及各帧分布)由Footscan足底压力分析系统导出。COP被广泛视为评估平衡能力的一项可靠指标,通过追踪其运动轨迹,可反映受试者在跨越障碍过程中的动态平衡状态。基于从系统中提取的帧数据,利用Python编写相应处理程序,计算用于评估平衡能力的运动学参数。足底COP参数包括COP-ML调整速度(mm/s)、COP-AP调整速度(mm/s)、COP调整速度(mm/s)、95%置信圆面积(mm2)、ML振幅(mm)、AP振幅(mm)、最大摆动(mm)、最小摆动(mm)。具体定义如下:
假设COP轨迹包含了N个数据点,以恒定的频率Fs采样。T表示信号的持续时间,计算公式为:
对于AP[n]和ML[n]、AP[n+1]和ML[n+ 1]表示时刻内COP在AP、ML轴上移动的坐标,则对于每一个1≤nN,经过持续时间的归一化,可以得到COP在AP、ML轴上的调整速度,可以表示COP的平均速度:
式中:vCOP-MLvCOP-MLvCOP分别为COP-ML调整速度、COP-AP调整速度、COP调整速度;T为COP所选取的时间段。此外,还需计算COP的平均距离,即COP与平均COP(即COP中心点)的平均距离,计算公式为:
COP与平均COP的均方根(root mean square,RMS)距离的计算公式为:
95%置信圆面积以COP的中心点为圆心,半径为COP到COP中心点距离的单侧95%置信限的圆的面积S95%,计算公式为:
COP的路径范围(即振幅)的计算公式为:
最后,COP的最大摆动和最小摆动被定义为在相邻时刻内COP路径的最大值和最小值:
最大摆动=max1≤nN-1
最小摆动=min1≤nN-1
所有数据均由SPSS 26.0处理,结果均以(平均值±标准差)表示。采用P-P图检验数据的正态性,如果数据满足正态性检验,则采取单因素方差分析进行组间比较。显著性水平设置为0.05,P<0.05表示差异具有统计学意义。
20名健康青年志愿者,包括10名女性,10名男性,身高(171.25±8.13)cm,体重(63.5±11.39)kg,右利脚19人,左利脚1人,均签署知情同意书。本研究经上海体育大学伦理委员会批准(102772021RT073)。
经过单因素方差分析后发现,跨越策略和障碍物高宽对于健康青年跨越障碍时的平衡参数具有统计学意义(见图4)。
跨越25 cm×30 cm(宽×高)障碍物时,受试者先行足在跨越策略因素下ML振幅和AP振幅的差异具有统计学意义,横向跨越的平衡参数值比纵向跨越大;跟随足在跨越策略因素下COP_ML调整速度、95%的置信圆面积、最大摆动和最小摆动的差异具有统计学意义,除最大摆动外,其他平衡参数值纵向跨越比横向跨越大,最大摆动参数值横向跨越比纵向跨越大。跨越25 cm×15 cm(宽×高)障碍物时,受试者的先行足在跨越策略因素下COP_ML调整速度、95%的置信圆面积、ML振幅和AP振幅的差异具有统计学意义,纵向跨越的平衡参数值比横向跨越小;跟随足在跨越策略因素下COP_ML调整速度、95%的置信圆面积和最大摆动的差异具有统计学意义,除最大摆动外,其他平衡参数值纵向跨越比横向跨越大,最大摆动参数值横向跨越比纵向跨越大。跨越50 cm×15 cm(宽×高)障碍物时,受试者先行足在跨越策略因素下COP_ML调整速度和AP振幅的差异具有统计学意义,纵向跨越的平衡参数值比横向跨越小;跟随足在跨越策略因素下COP_ML调整速度和95%的置信圆面积的差异具有统计学意义,纵向跨越的平衡参数值比横向跨越大。
纵跨时,受试者先行足在障碍物高度因素下COP_ML调整速度、COP_AP调整速度和COP调整速度具有统计学意义,跨越高30 cm障碍物平衡参数值比跨越高15 cm障碍物大;受试者跟随足在障碍物高度因素下COP调整速度和最小摆动具有统计学意义,跨越高30 cm障碍物的平衡参数值比跨越高15 cm障碍物大。横跨时,受试者先行足在障碍物高度因素下COP_AP调整速度和COP调整速度具有统计学意义,跨越高30 cm障碍物的平衡参数值比跨越高15 cm障碍物大;受试者跟随足在障碍物高度因素下的平衡参数值差异没有统计学意义。
纵跨时,受试者先行足在障碍物宽度因素下COP_AP调整速度和COP调整速度差异具有统计学意义,跨越宽50 cm障碍物的平衡参数值比跨越宽25 cm障碍物大;受试者跟随足在障碍物宽度因素下的平衡参数值差异没有统计学意义。横跨时,受试者先行足和跟随足在障碍物宽度因素下的平衡参数值没有统计学意义。
本文分析了健康青年在不同跨越障碍策略下的足底生物力学特征和人体动态平衡能力。结果表明,纵向跨越障碍物时,健康青年先行足的平衡能力普遍优于横向跨越,推测这与优势足通常更习惯于执行特定的运动模式有关。跑步、跳跃等日常活动往往是纵向运动,先行足在执行习惯性运动时,能够更有效地进行运动控制,因为相关的肌肉和关节已经通过反复练习得到加强[11];而横向跨越与优势足的习惯性运动模式不太匹配,导致在横向跨越时稳定性较差[10]。同时,纵向跨越时身体重心移动主要发生在前后方向,这是人类日常活动中更常见的重心移动方式,故人体通常对此有更好的控制[12]
尽管实验中先行足为右的比例高达95%(19名右利脚,1名左利脚),但实验中要求受试者以自身优势足为先行足,而非强制统一使用右足。这种设计确保每个个体的动作模式符合其自然习惯,避免了因强行改变足部偏好导致的动作偏差[13]
对于非先行足的研究结果显示,横向跨越比纵向跨越更稳定。本文推测,非优势脚作为跨越时的支撑足,在横向跨越时的触地面积比纵向跨越时的触底面积更大,故稳定性更好。而且在横向跨越时,非优势足往往主要承担稳定支撑功能,为身体提供可靠的基底[14];在纵向跨越中,非优势足更多发挥辅助作用,因其所需提供的稳定性水平低于横向跨越[15]。同时,由于横向跨越要求身体在侧向维持平衡,重心更多分布于非先行足一侧,这种重心分布特征可能使非优势足的足底压力更均匀,有助于提升稳定性[16];相反,纵向跨越时重心沿前后方向移动,非优势足需不断调节COP以维持支撑,因而稳定性相对较低。
本文发现,在纵向跨越时,障碍物高度越高,先行足和跟随足的越不稳定;障碍物宽度越宽,先行足越不稳定。在横向跨越时,障碍物高度越高,先行足越不稳定;障碍物2、3仅在宽度上有变化,而横跨时宽度因素并没有显著影响稳定性,可见宽度增加并没有显著增加人体重心控制的难度。本文推测,对于横跨动作,选择的障碍物宽度还不构成挑战性。当跨越较高障碍物时,人体需要降低重心来保持平衡,这意味着足底与地面的接触面积会减小,导致支持面积减小,稳定性下降[17]。越高的障碍物导致足底COP在AP、ML方向上的变化范围增大,提示人体需要更精细的调节来维持平衡,即需要更强的平衡控制能力[18-19]。Guo等[7]研究认为,高障碍物可能会导致恐惧感增加,从而影响人体的平衡控制能力。
障碍物宽度对足底COP平衡参数的影响不如高度显著,但仍可能存在其他潜在影响。在ML方向上,宽障碍物可能会导致人体过度依赖一侧下肢,从而影响平衡。跨越宽障碍物时,人体往往需要调整步态模式,例如增加步宽或改变步态节奏,这可能会影响平衡控制[20]。同时,宽障碍物本身可能会遮挡部分视线或改变足底与地面接触的感觉,导致人体的平衡控制能力下降[8,21]
在姿势调控过程中,人体在前后方向的初始姿势调整由踝关节主导发起,而左右方向的初始姿势调整则以髋关节为启动核心;不仅如此,人体对左右方向上的姿势变化感知更为敏锐[22]。Cui等[11]研究发现,ML方向的稳定性比AP方向更为重要。其他研究同样支持ML稳定性在运动过程中的关键作用[23]
本研究的局限性主要包括以下方面:①主要基于COP数据进行分析,为进一步揭示不同跨越策略下的动态平衡控制机制,后续研究拟纳入更多与平衡能力相关的生物力学参数进行综合评估。②实验设计中,跨越动作未嵌入直线行走过程,受试者直接跨越障碍物。下一步将设置连贯行走-跨越任务,以更好地模拟真实生活场景。此外,当前障碍物尺寸统一,未考虑个体差异,未来将根据受试者的身高、腿长等人体测量学特征对障碍物尺寸进行个性化调整。③仅关注优势足跨越策略,未来将进一步对比分析非优势足跨越时的足底生物力学差异。④以健康青年为对象,初步探索了不同跨越策略对动态平衡能力的影响。出于安全性考量,未纳入老年人或运动功能障碍人群。后续将拓展受试人群范围,开展针对特定人群的跨障碍生物力学研究,以提升成果的普适性与应用价值。
本文通过分析健康青年在不同跨越障碍策略下的足底压力动态参数,揭示了纵向与横向跨越策略对动态平衡能力的差异化影响。结果表明,纵向跨越时,先行足表现出更优的平衡控制能力,其COP调整速度、振幅及稳定性参数显著小于横向跨越,这可能与优势足在日常活动中的纵向运动习惯及神经肌肉适应性密切相关。而横向跨越时,跟随足因更大的触地面积和均匀的重心分布,展现出更稳定的足底压力特征。此外,障碍物高度的增加显著增加了平衡控制的难度,而宽度的影响相对有限,提示在公共设施(如台阶、路缘石)设计中需优先考虑高度参数的标准化。本研究为防跌倒训练方案的优化提供了理论依据,例如针对高风险人群可强化纵向跨越的平衡训练,或在复杂环境中结合横向跨越策略以提高非优势足的支撑稳定性。
  • 上海市教委AI项目(SHJWAIJK241203)
  • 2024年上海市大学生创新创业训练计划(S202410262039)
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2025年第40卷第5期
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doi: 10.16156/j.1004-7220.2025.05.017
  • 接收时间:2025-01-22
  • 首发时间:2026-03-27
  • 出版时间:2025-10-01
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  • 收稿日期:2025-01-22
  • 修回日期:2025-03-14
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上海市教委AI项目(SHJWAIJK241203)
2024年上海市大学生创新创业训练计划(S202410262039)
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    1a.上海健康医学院 医疗器械学院,上海 201318
    1b.上海健康医学院 康复学院,上海 201318
    2.上海大学 期刊社,上海 200444

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吕杰,副教授,E-mail:
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/yyswlx/CN/10.16156/j.1004-7220.2025.05.017
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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