Article(id=1244340206824960366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, issueId=1244340201636610993, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11776/j.issn.1000-4939.2025.06.019, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1686499200000, receivedDateStr=2023-06-12, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774603424030, onlineDateStr=2026-03-27, pubDate=1765728000000, pubDateStr=2025-12-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774603424030, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-27, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774603424030, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774603424030, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1244340201636610993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, year='2025', volume='42', issue='6', pageStart='1207', pageEnd='1446', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774603422792, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774603751062, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1244341578555306992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, issueId=1244340201636610993, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1244341578555306993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, issueId=1244340201636610993, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1397, endPage=1409, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1244340209161187749, articleId=1244340206824960366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, language=EN, title=Research on vibration characteristics of strain gradient higher-order shear deformable microplates, columnId=1244340204216107958, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics, columnName=Dynamic and Control, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

This paper develops a free vibration model of rectangular microplates including three material length scale parameters and two displacement field variables using the modified strain gradient theory and a refined higher-order shear deformation theory, and presented the related governing differential equations. The analytical vibration frequencies of a four-edge supported rectangular microplate were obtained via the Navier method. Combining the Gauss-Lobatto quadrature and differential quadrature rules, a four-node seventy-two-DOF differential quadrature finite element was constructed to solve the free vibration of rectangular microplates with general boundary conditions. Through typical numerical examples, the effectiveness of the present model was established, and the effects of boundary conditions, material length scale parameters, aspect ratio and length-thickness ratio on the vibration frequencies and mode shapes of rectangular microplates were revealed. The results indicate that the vibration frequencies and some mode shapes of rectangular microplates exhibit significant size effect, and its intensity is associated with the boundary conditions and geometric dimensions.

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基于修正的应变梯度理论和精化高阶剪切变形理论,建立了包含3个材料尺度参数和2个位移场变量的矩形微板自由振动模型,推导了对应的控制微分方程。利用Navier法获得了四边简支矩形微板自由振动的解析解。融合Gauss-Lobatto求积准则和微分求积准则,构造了一种4节点72自由度的微分求积有限元,以求解微板在一般边界条件下的自由振动。通过典型数值算例,验证了本研究模型的有效性,探讨了边界条件、材料尺度参数、长宽比、长厚比等对微板振动频率及模态振型的影响。结果表明,矩形微板各阶振动频率和部分模态振型呈现出尺度效应,且其强弱受到边界条件和几何尺寸的影响。

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张波,副教授。E-mail:
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The first five dimensionless frequencies of epoxy resin Kirchhoff microplate(l/h=0)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
边界条件方法无量纲频率
ϖ1ϖ2ϖ3ϖ4ϖ5
SSSS本研究19.625 448.647 948.647 977.192 295.966 6
本研究19.707 649.153 049.153 078.456 897.924 4
文献[31]19.739 049.348 049.348 079.400 0100.170 0
SFSF本研究9.624 116.116 436.632 538.826 346.577 3
文献[31]9.614 016.135 037.180 039.134 047.280 0
SCSC本研究27.773 353.655 565.960 291.175 6100.733 0
文献[31]28.950 054.873 069.327 094.703 0103.710 0
SCSF本研究12.588 232.393 541.500 262.141 670.477 1
文献[31]12.687 033.067 041.714 063.260 073.870 0
SCSS本研究23.206 751.139 257.121 784.407 699.206 7
文献[31]23.646 051.813 058.650 086.252 0101.800 0
), ArticleFig(id=1244340252547068800, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, articleId=1244340206824960366, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

l/h=0时环氧树脂Kirchhoff微板的前5阶无量纲频率

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
边界条件方法无量纲频率
ϖ1ϖ2ϖ3ϖ4ϖ5
SSSS本研究19.625 448.647 948.647 977.192 295.966 6
本研究19.707 649.153 049.153 078.456 897.924 4
文献[31]19.739 049.348 049.348 079.400 0100.170 0
SFSF本研究9.624 116.116 436.632 538.826 346.577 3
文献[31]9.614 016.135 037.180 039.134 047.280 0
SCSC本研究27.773 353.655 565.960 291.175 6100.733 0
文献[31]28.950 054.873 069.327 094.703 0103.710 0
SCSF本研究12.588 232.393 541.500 262.141 670.477 1
文献[31]12.687 033.067 041.714 063.260 073.870 0
SCSS本研究23.206 751.139 257.121 784.407 699.206 7
文献[31]23.646 051.813 058.650 086.252 0101.800 0
), ArticleFig(id=1244340252635149189, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, articleId=1244340206824960366, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

The first two dimensionless frequencies of epoxy resin Kirchhoff microplate(l/h=1)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
边界条件方法无量纲频率
ϖ1ϖ2
SSSS本研究22.897 556.228 7
本研究22.993 456.812 5
文献[31]23.685 659.312 4
CFFF本研究4.062 910.158 1
文献[31]4.165 910.269 7
SCSF本研究14.981 638.468 6
文献[31]15.285 539.816 9
), ArticleFig(id=1244340252748395398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, articleId=1244340206824960366, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

l/h=1时环氧树脂Kirchhoff微板的前2阶无量纲频率

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
边界条件方法无量纲频率
ϖ1ϖ2
SSSS本研究22.897 556.228 7
本研究22.993 456.812 5
文献[31]23.685 659.312 4
CFFF本研究4.062 910.158 1
文献[31]4.165 910.269 7
SCSF本研究14.981 638.468 6
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Influence of scale effect on the dimensionless frequencies and mode shapes of a microplate(CCFF)

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l/h无量纲频率及模态振型
ϖ1ϖ2ϖ3ϖ4ϖ5ϖ6ϖ7ϖ8
0
0.664 92.210 92.402 64.179 05.258 85.458 07.020 37.120 8
1.000 01.000 01.000 01.000 01.000 01.000 01.000 01.000 0
0.5
1.512 95.082 75.438 39.679 612.158 412.453 816.524 216.677 9
0.999 90.999 60.999 20.999 00.998 10.996 10.987 20.985 7
1.0
2.783 09.366 99.994 917.859 122.428 823.111 430.584 130.829 0
0.999 90.999 60.999 10.998 90.997 80.995 50.982 70.981 0
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尺度效应对CCFF微板无量纲频率及模态的影响

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l/h无量纲频率及模态振型
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0.664 92.210 92.402 64.179 05.258 85.458 07.020 37.120 8
1.000 01.000 01.000 01.000 01.000 01.000 01.000 01.000 0
0.5
1.512 95.082 75.438 39.679 612.158 412.453 816.524 216.677 9
0.999 90.999 60.999 20.999 00.998 10.996 10.987 20.985 7
1.0
2.783 09.366 99.994 917.859 122.428 823.111 430.584 130.829 0
0.999 90.999 60.999 10.998 90.997 80.995 50.982 70.981 0
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Influence of scale effect on the dimensionless frequencies and mode shapes of a microplate(FC-CF-SF-FS)

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l/h无量纲频率及模态振型
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0
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1.000 01.000 01.000 01.000 01.000 01.000 01.000 01.000 0
0.5
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0.973 70.995 70.997 20.987 70.992 00.971 20.975 70.993 3
1.0
8.579 810.247 617.219 521.162 723.213 428.570 432.682 733.807 3
0.964 50.994 40.996 90.986 00.990 80.967 00.972 10.992 5
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尺度效应对FC-CF-SF-FS微板无量纲频率及模态的影响

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l/h无量纲频率及模态振型
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8.579 810.247 617.219 521.162 723.213 428.570 432.682 733.807 3
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应变梯度高阶剪切变形微板的自由振动特性研究
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孔维嘉 1, 2 , 张波 1, 2 , 段宇杭 1, 2 , 沈火明 1, 2 , 张旭 1, 2
应用力学学报 | 动力学与控制 2025,42(6): 1397-1409
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应用力学学报 | 动力学与控制 2025, 42(6): 1397-1409
应变梯度高阶剪切变形微板的自由振动特性研究
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孔维嘉1, 2, 张波1, 2 , 段宇杭1, 2, 沈火明1, 2, 张旭1, 2
作者信息
  • 1.应用力学与结构安全四川省重点实验室,610031 成都
  • 2.西南交通大学力学与航空航天学院,610031成都

通讯作者:

张波,副教授。E-mail:
Research on vibration characteristics of strain gradient higher-order shear deformable microplates
Weijia KONG1, 2, Bo ZHANG1, 2 , Yuhang DUAN1, 2, Huoming SHEN1, 2, Xu ZHANG1, 2
Affiliations
  • 1.Applied Mechanics and Structure Safety Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, 610031 Chengdu, China
  • 2.School of Mechanics and Aerospace Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, 610031 Chengdu, China
出版时间: 2025-12-15 doi: 10.11776/j.issn.1000-4939.2025.06.019
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基于修正的应变梯度理论和精化高阶剪切变形理论,建立了包含3个材料尺度参数和2个位移场变量的矩形微板自由振动模型,推导了对应的控制微分方程。利用Navier法获得了四边简支矩形微板自由振动的解析解。融合Gauss-Lobatto求积准则和微分求积准则,构造了一种4节点72自由度的微分求积有限元,以求解微板在一般边界条件下的自由振动。通过典型数值算例,验证了本研究模型的有效性,探讨了边界条件、材料尺度参数、长宽比、长厚比等对微板振动频率及模态振型的影响。结果表明,矩形微板各阶振动频率和部分模态振型呈现出尺度效应,且其强弱受到边界条件和几何尺寸的影响。

修正的应变梯度理论  /  精化高阶剪切变形理论  /  矩形微板  /  自由振动  /  微分求积有限元

This paper develops a free vibration model of rectangular microplates including three material length scale parameters and two displacement field variables using the modified strain gradient theory and a refined higher-order shear deformation theory, and presented the related governing differential equations. The analytical vibration frequencies of a four-edge supported rectangular microplate were obtained via the Navier method. Combining the Gauss-Lobatto quadrature and differential quadrature rules, a four-node seventy-two-DOF differential quadrature finite element was constructed to solve the free vibration of rectangular microplates with general boundary conditions. Through typical numerical examples, the effectiveness of the present model was established, and the effects of boundary conditions, material length scale parameters, aspect ratio and length-thickness ratio on the vibration frequencies and mode shapes of rectangular microplates were revealed. The results indicate that the vibration frequencies and some mode shapes of rectangular microplates exhibit significant size effect, and its intensity is associated with the boundary conditions and geometric dimensions.

modified strain gradient theory  /  refined higher-order shear deformation theory  /  rectangular microplate  /  free vibration  /  differential quadrature finite element
孔维嘉, 张波, 段宇杭, 沈火明, 张旭. 应变梯度高阶剪切变形微板的自由振动特性研究. 应用力学学报, 2025 , 42 (6) : 1397 -1409 . DOI: 10.11776/j.issn.1000-4939.2025.06.019
Weijia KONG, Bo ZHANG, Yuhang DUAN, Huoming SHEN, Xu ZHANG. Research on vibration characteristics of strain gradient higher-order shear deformable microplates[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics, 2025 , 42 (6) : 1397 -1409 . DOI: 10.11776/j.issn.1000-4939.2025.06.019
随着超精密机械加工和半导体技术的迅猛发展,各类微纳米器件不断涌现出来并被应用于航空航天、未来医疗、人工智能、物联网、智慧城市等重要前沿领域。与宏观器件相比,微纳米器件具有体积小、质量轻、成本低、功耗低、可靠性高、易于批量化制造等优点。当器件特征尺寸减小至微纳米量级时,其材料固有力学性能呈现出显著的尺度依赖性[1-4],典型形式包括非局部效应、应变梯度效应和表面效应。经典连续介质力学理论因不包含反映材料微观缺陷的特征长度参数,使其预测结果与微纳米尺度物理事实不符。分子动力学模拟系统内所有原子行为,计算规模庞大,难以求解较大规模或较长时间跨度的问题。鉴于此,研究者开始摒弃经典连续介质力学理论“局部化假设”,采用唯象方法构建出表征微纳米尺度效应的非经典连续介质力学理论,如修正的偶应力理论(modified couple stress theory,MCST)[5]、修正的应变梯度理论(modified strain gradient theory,MSGT)[2]以及非局部应变梯度理论(nonlocal strain gradient theory,NSGT)[6]
过去二十年间,许多学者将MCST、MSGT以及NSGT与板的各种变形假设相结合以探索微纳米结构静动力学响应新现象和新机理,并取得了丰硕成果。张立民等[7]利用精化高阶剪切变形理论[8]和MCST研究了由Winkler-Pasternak弹性夹层连接的双层微板系统的面内压缩屈曲行为,推导了各层均为四边简支时系统发生同步/异步屈曲的解析解。马云龙等[9]在MCST下建立了静电驱动Kirchhoff微板模型,得到了不同于宏观情形的预测结果。王平等[10-12]分别研究了非局部微薄板在磁场及机械载荷作用下磁弹性稳定性问题、应变梯度双层微板在静电力作用下的首次穿越失效问题以及非局部载流纳米板在磁场及机械载荷作用下的随机振动问题,所考虑边界条件均为四边简支。DUAN等[13-14]结合精化高阶剪切变形理论[8]和MCST建立了受面内复合荷载作用的斜微板的屈曲模型,构造了求解相应边值问题的C1型微分求积有限元,呈现了微板屈曲荷载及模态的尺度依赖性。WEI等[15]在Kirchhoff-Love假设和MCST下预测了双向功能梯度环形微板轴对称静力弯曲、自由振动以及轴向压缩屈曲行为,借助广义微分求积法求解了3类边值问题。KARAMANLI[16]在高阶剪切-法向伸缩变形理论[17]和MCST下构建了求解三向功能梯度微板静力弯曲、自由振动以及轴向压缩屈曲的有限元法,其中材料等效性能参数和材料尺度参数沿3个方向变化,而孔隙率体积分数仅沿厚度方向变化。MIRSALEHI等[18]结合Kirchhoff-Love假设和MSGT提出了分析功能梯度微板振动和屈曲的样条有限元法,揭示了几何尺寸和物理参数对微板临界屈曲载荷和固有频率的影响。TIMOSHIN等[19]从Mindlin剪切变形理论和MSGT出发,发展了预测矩形微板非线性受迫振动响应的C1型有限元法。基于精化高阶剪切变形理论[8]和MSGT,ZHANG等[1720]推导了功能梯度圆形/矩形微板静力弯曲、自由振动与面内压缩屈曲的控制微分方程,依次采用微分求积法和Navier法求解了简支/固支圆形微板和四边简支矩形微板的3类边值问题;THAI等[21]建立了由六方铍晶体组成的功能梯度各向异性圆形/矩形微板的自由振动模型,发展了求解相应边值问题的等几何分析方法,讨论了几何形状、边界条件、长厚比、梯度指数和材料长度尺度参数等对微板振动频率的影响。KARAMANLI等[22]在高阶剪切-法向伸缩变形理论[17]和MCST下构造了面内位移(uv)、纯弯曲挠度(wb)、纯剪切挠度(ws)、法向伸缩挠度(wz)满足C1连续的四节点有限元,以求解多向功能梯度矩形微板静力弯曲、自由振动和面内压缩屈曲问题。需要指出的是,文献[22]中势能泛函包含uvwz的二阶偏导数以及wbws的三阶偏导数,这意味着wbws需具备C2连续性而非C1连续性。KARAMANLI等[23]在文献[22]基础上构造了wbws均满足C1过分连续的四节点有限元以及wbws均满足C2弱连续的四节点有限元,并将之应用于预测正弦阶跃荷载和指数爆炸载荷下功能梯度微板瞬态响应。HUNG等[24]采用等几何分析方法预测了3种类型孔隙率分布下多孔泡沫金属微板自由振动和压缩屈曲特性。TANZADEH等[25]在NSGT下发展了一种半解析高阶有线条法,以求解正交各向异性Kirchhoff纳米板的屈曲问题,其中挠度场及其一阶、二阶导数采用高阶Hermitian形函数来构造,探讨了边界条件、非局部参数、应变梯度参数以及面内加载类型对正交各向异性微板屈曲特性的影响。CUONG-LE等[26]在NSGT下建立了求解S型功能梯度Mindlin纳米板静力弯曲、自由振动以及压缩屈曲问题的等几何分析方法,探讨了微板力学特性随材料沿板厚度方向变化、中性层位置、非局部参数、应变梯度参数以及材料梯度指数的变化。
综上所述,目前关于高阶剪切变形微板力学行为尺度效应的研究工作正在不断增加,且出现了一些重要模型,但已有模型主要基于MCST和NSGT开展,而甚少涉及MSGT的情形。在MSGT和精化高阶剪切变形理论下,微板势能泛函中涉及到纯弯曲挠度和纯剪切挠度的三阶导数,这将导致模型的控制微分方程显著升阶和高阶边界条件的出现,最终给边值问题求解带来了极大困难。本研究拟在MSGT和文献[8]中精化高阶剪切变形理论下,建立微尺度厚板的自由振动模型,构造出相应的微分求积有限元法,探讨振动频率及模态振型随微板边界条件、长厚比、材料尺度参数等因素的变化规律。
在MSGT下,各向同性线弹性体的变形能为[2]
式中:εij是应变张量分量;γi是膨胀梯度张量分量;是偏斜拉伸梯度张量分量;是曲率张量分量;σijpi依次与εijγi能量共轭。以上变形度量定义为[2]
式中:ui为位移分量;δij为Kronecker符号;∈imn为置换符号。
本构方程为
式中:l0l1l2是材料尺度参数;λG依次为第一和第二Lamé常数。
图1所示矩形微板,长度、宽度、厚度分别为LxLyh,材料弹性模量、泊松比、剪切模量、密度分别为EνGρ。笛卡尔直角坐标系o-xyz的坐标面xoy与微板中面Ω重合且原点位于中面左上角。微板的位移场由精化高阶剪切变形理论[8]描述
式中,wbws分别是中面纯弯曲和纯剪切引起的挠度。
利用式(2)和式(4)可得微板的应变张量、膨胀梯度张量、偏斜拉伸梯度张量以及旋转梯度张量的非零分量。
考虑式(1)、式(3)以及式(5)~式(8),可得微板的变形能
式中,Σi为刚度系数,具体表达式参见附录A。
基于式(4)可得微板的动能
考虑式(9)和式(10),可得微板自由振动的Euler-Lagrange方程
对于四边简支微板,其挠度分量wbws可以表示为Navier级数形式
式中:αm=mπ/Lxβn=nπ/Lymn分别为xy方向半波数;WbWs分别为纯弯曲和纯剪切变形引起的挠度幅值。
将式(13)代入式(11)和式(12)可得
式中:
从式(9)、式(11)和式(12)可以看出,本研究模型受控于2个六阶偏微分方程,且要求wbws满足C2连续性,因而解析求解将变得十分困难。近些年来,邹星等[27-32]融合Gauss-Lobatto求积准则和微分求积准则构造了应变梯度Euler-Bernoulli梁、Timoshenko梁、Reddy梁、Kirchhoff板、Mindlin板、精化高阶剪切变形梁以及修正的偶应力精化高阶剪切变形板[13-14]的微分求积有限元法。本研究将该方法进一步拓展至应变梯度高阶剪切变形板的情形。鉴于本研究模型wbwsC2连续性要求,图2给出单元域[0,2a]×[0,2b]上的微分求积几何映射策略以及Gauss-Lobatto(简写为GL)求积点坐标。
单元域上wb的Lagrange插值形式为
式中:为单元GL求积点(xiyj )的挠度;lix)、ljy)分别为x方向第i个、y方向第j个插值基函数。根据微分求积准则可将wb在单元GL求积点处各阶导数表示为矩阵形式,即
式中:
微分求积系数矩阵的具体形式可参见文献[30]中式(37)~式(39)。若采用式(18)离散微板单元的变形能和动能,所得表达式仅包含单元GL求积点处挠度本身。为满足单元间协调性要求,需要将单元GL求积点处位移参数转换为单元节点处位移参数。引入单元节点位移向量[wb]N
利用微分求积准则可得
式中:B为转换矩阵,其表达式见文献[30]中式(45)。
利用式(18)和式(21)可将式(9)离散为
式中:表示位移变量对xm阶偏导数和对yn阶偏导数对应于的微分求积系数矩阵;QGL为单元GL求积点处权系数矩阵,具体形式参见文献[30]中式(42)。
利用式(18)和式(21)可将式(10)离散为
为推导单元刚度矩阵Ke和质量矩阵Me,引入单元节点总体位移向量
于是K(e)M(e)的具体元素可以表示为
其解析表达式可采用MAPLE符号计算软件导出。
矩形微板常见约束有固支(C)、简支(S)和自由(F),数值实施中具体设置如下。
固支(C)约束
简支(S)约束
自由(F):无位移约束。
图3给出了不同边界条件下微板的示意图,边线依照左边-下边-右边-上边排序。
本节通过若干数值算例,验证本研究微分求积有限元的有效性,探究微板无量纲频率及模态振型随长宽比、长厚比、材料尺度参数、边界条件的变化规律。假定微板由环氧树脂组成,弹性模量E=1.44 GPa,泊松比ν=0.3,密度ρ=1 220 kg/m3。需要指出的是,MSGT中3个材料尺度参数并无内在数值关联。为简单起见,本研究取l0=l1=l2=l=15 μm。引入以下无量纲参数。
文献[30]对应变梯度Kirchhoff微板的微分求积有限元的收敛性开展了深入研究,发现在相同节点参数配置下微分求积有限元比标准有限元具有更低的单元矩阵条件数。因此,本节仅对微分求积有限元的收敛性做简单讨论。图4呈现了SSSS和SCSF微板前5阶无量纲频率随网格数的变化。此处,Lx/Ly=1,Lx/h=8,l/h=1。从图4可以看到,随着网格的增多,前5阶无量纲频率值均趋于稳定值。除非特别说明,以下计算中网格密度为30×30。
表1列出了不考虑尺度效应时(l/h=0)本研究C2型和文献[31]中C2型微分求积有限元所预测的环氧树脂Kirchhoff微板的前5阶无量纲频率。表2列出来考虑尺度效应时(l/h=1)两种单元所预测的前两阶无量纲频率。
同时,两表也给出了SSSS微板振动频率的Navier解。为了比较起见,计算参数取为。从表中可以看出,本研究微分求积有限元预测结果略小于文献[31]中结果,且模态阶次越高,两者差异越显著;对于SSSS微板,本研究微分求积有限元预测结果略大于Navier解析解。原因在于本研究模型考虑了剪切变形效应,使其刚度小于文献[31]中Kirchhoff微板模型的刚度。
图5呈现了SSSS和SCSF微板前6阶无量纲频率随无量纲材料尺度参数的变化。从图5可以看出,各阶无量纲频率随无量纲材料尺度参数的增大而增大,并且具有“越小越强”的特点,这是由于应变梯度的出现导致了微板刚度增强。图6呈现了微板前6阶无量纲频比δ=〈ϖnl/h>0/〈ϖnl/h=0随无量纲材料尺度参数的变化。从图6可以看出,尺度效应对不同阶次模态的影响程度不同:对于SSSS微板,模态阶次越高,无量纲频率比越大,这说明尺度效应对SSSS微板高阶模态的影响更加显著;对于SCSF微板,尺度效应对第5阶模态的影响最显著,而对第1阶和第3阶模态的影响最弱;尺度效应对SSSS微板的影响弱于SCSF微板。
图7给出了SSSS微板前6阶无量纲频率随长宽比和长厚比的变化。从图7(a)可以看出,微板各阶无量纲频率随着长宽比增大而减小,但减小趋势会逐渐趋于平缓;模态阶次越高,或无量纲材料尺度参数越大,长宽比对各阶无量纲频率的影响越显著。从图7(b)可以看出,微板各阶无量纲频率随着长厚比的增大而增大,但增大趋势会逐渐趋于平缓;模态阶次越高或无量纲材料尺度参数越大,长厚比对微板各阶无量纲频率的影响越显著。微板无量纲频率随长宽比和长厚比的变化趋于平缓的原因在于,当长宽比增大时,微板逐渐趋向于细长梁,而当长厚比足够大时,高阶剪切变形效应对微板刚度的影响会变得很微弱。
为了量化尺度效应对微板各阶振动模态的影响程度,可以对l/h>0和l/h=0两种情形下对应模态向量进行相关性分析。第i阶模态向量的相关系数Ri定义如下
式中,XiYi分别为l/h>0和l/h=0情形下微板对应的第i阶模态向量,为两者对应的均值。
表3表4分别列出了连续边界(CCFF)和不连续边界(FC-CF-SF-FS)条件下微板的前8阶无量纲频率、模态振型以及相关系数。从表3可以看到,CCFF微板的前4阶模态的相关性都很强,相应的模态等值线变化极小,因而尺度效应对微板前4阶模态的影响十分微弱;而第5阶至第8阶模态对应的相关系数逐渐减小,反映了尺度效应的影响逐渐增强,观察第8阶模态中可以明显看到板中部区域等值线发生了变化。从表4可以看出,尺度效应对FC-CF-SF-FS微板的第1、4、6、7阶模态的影响十分显著,对其余模态的影响比较弱,并且影响程度不符合高阶强于低阶的规律。对比表3表4还可以发现,较之于CCFF微板,FC-CF-SF-FS的相关系数明显更低,微板模态振型的尺度效应更加显著,其原因在于边界约束的不连续性会使应变梯度增强。
本研究将修正的应变梯度理论和精化高阶剪切变形理论相结合,发展了微尺度矩形厚板的自由振动模型。依次采用Navier法和微分求积有限元法获得了四边简支和一般边界条件下微板的自由振动频率。通过具体算例,验证了本研究模型的正确性,探讨了各因素对对微板振动频率及模态振型的影响,主要结论如下。
1)引入尺度效应会增强微板刚度,进而使微板各阶无量纲频率显著增大。
2)尺度效应对微板各阶无量纲频率的影响程度与边界条件、模态阶次、长宽比、长厚比有关。
3)较之于受连续边界约束的微板,受不连续边界约束的微板模态振型的尺度效应更加显著。
  • 国家自然科学青年基金资助项目(11602204)
  • 四川省自然科学基金资助项目(23NSFSC0849)
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2025年第42卷第6期
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doi: 10.11776/j.issn.1000-4939.2025.06.019
  • 接收时间:2023-06-12
  • 首发时间:2026-03-27
  • 出版时间:2025-12-15
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  • 收稿日期:2023-06-12
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国家自然科学青年基金资助项目(11602204)
四川省自然科学基金资助项目(23NSFSC0849)
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    1.应用力学与结构安全四川省重点实验室,610031 成都
    2.西南交通大学力学与航空航天学院,610031成都

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张波,副教授。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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