Article(id=1244340206363591658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, issueId=1244340201636610993, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11776/j.issn.1000-4939.2025.06.018, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1695657600000, receivedDateStr=2023-09-26, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774603423920, onlineDateStr=2026-03-27, pubDate=1765728000000, pubDateStr=2025-12-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774603423920, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-27, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774603423920, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774603423920, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1244340201636610993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, year='2025', volume='42', issue='6', pageStart='1207', pageEnd='1446', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774603422792, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774603751062, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1244341578555306992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, issueId=1244340201636610993, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1244341578555306993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, issueId=1244340201636610993, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1387, endPage=1396, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1244340210415288375, articleId=1244340206363591658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, language=EN, title=Theoretical model of double inverted T-shaped composite beam considering shear deformation and interface slip, columnId=1244340204216107958, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics, columnName=Dynamic and Control, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In steel-concrete composite structures, due to the existence of certain interface slip and web shear deformation, the assumption of flat section is no longer applicable. In order to scientifically study the effects of shear deformation and interface slip on the deflection and interface slip of composite beams, this paper adopts Goodman's assumption and Timoshenko beam's double generalized displacement assumption, introduces the strain relationship of composite beams and element microsegment mechanical equilibrium, and derives the elastic bending differential equation of double inverted T-shaped steel-concrete composite beams considering shear deformation and interface slip. Then based on the equivalent spring model and the equivalent rod spring model, a theoretical calculation formula for the elastic shear stiffness of the embedded web connection is derived. By using the known deformation and constraint conditions of the composite beam, we obtain the analytical solution of deflection and slip of the simply supported composite beam under concentrated load in the span and verify it through the experimental results of four double inverted T-shaped steel-concrete composite beams with different parameters. The results show that the deflection and slip values obtained from theoretical calculations are in good agreement with the measured values, and the correctness of the theoretical calculation formula for the elastic shear stiffness of the embedded web connection is verified. In the deflection deformation of double inverted T-shaped composite beams, the deflection value caused by bending accounts for about 56% of the total deflection, the deflection value caused by interface slip accounts for about 36% of the total deflection, and the deflection value caused by shear deformation accounts for about 8% of the total deflection. This article comprehensively considers the effects of shear deformation and interface slip on the deflection and slip of composite beams, and makes a significant improvement compared to the model structure that does not consider shear deformation and interface slip.

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在钢混组合结构中,由于存在一定的界面滑移及腹板剪切变形,平截面假定不再适用。为科学研究剪切变形及界面滑移对组合梁挠度及界面滑移的影响,通过Goodman假定和Timoshenko梁双广义位移假定,引入组合梁的应变关系和单元微段力学平衡,推导了考虑剪切变形及界面滑移的双倒T型钢-混组合梁弹性弯曲微分方程,并基于等效弹簧模型和等效杆系弹簧模型推导了腹板嵌入式连接件弹性抗剪刚度理论计算式。利用已知的组合梁变形及约束条件,求得简支组合梁在跨中集中荷载作用下的挠度及滑移解析解,并通过4根不同参数的双倒T型钢-混组合梁试验结果进行验证。结果表明:理论计算所得挠度、滑移值与实测值吻合较好,同时验证了腹板嵌入式连接件弹性抗剪刚度理论计算式的正确性;在高跨比为1/10的双倒T型组合梁挠度变形中,弯曲引起的挠度值约为总挠度的56%,界面滑移引起的挠度值约为总挠度的36%,剪切变形引起的挠度值约为总挠度的8%。本研究综合考虑了剪切变形及界面滑移对组合梁挠度及滑移的影响,相比于不考虑剪切变形及界面滑移的模型结构具有明显的改善。

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陈建兵,教授。E-mail:
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remark=苏州科技大学土木工程学院,215011 苏州)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1244340249476842068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, articleId=1244340206363591658, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Coordinate system for the calculation of steel-composite beams, figureFileSmall=D7G5uobVnpXQyyvihQE9kw==, figureFileBig=j18zD3hk1acUKv5HgRIMxg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244340249556533850, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, articleId=1244340206363591658, language=CN, label=图1, caption=钢-混组合梁计算坐标系, figureFileSmall=D7G5uobVnpXQyyvihQE9kw==, figureFileBig=j18zD3hk1acUKv5HgRIMxg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244340249766249058, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, articleId=1244340206363591658, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Schematic diagram of the combined beam strain, figureFileSmall=m54zbTFK3cJjBuz5c3fTXA==, figureFileBig=qUH2ZnjXJl+NNdRHrM7mAg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244340249871106666, 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Detailed dimensions of WDSCB

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试件编号B/mmt/mmbe/mmbu/mmbl/mmd/mm
WDSCB-164045010088200
WDSCB-276045010088200
WDSCB-364065010088200
WDSCB-4640431150138300
), ArticleFig(id=1244340253910221557, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, articleId=1244340206363591658, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

WDSCB试件设计尺寸

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试件编号B/mmt/mmbe/mmbu/mmbl/mmd/mm
WDSCB-164045010088200
WDSCB-276045010088200
WDSCB-364065010088200
WDSCB-4640431150138300
), ArticleFig(id=1244340254006690554, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, articleId=1244340206363591658, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Table of mechanical properties of steel

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材料类型直径(板厚)/mm屈服强度σs/MPa抗拉强度σb/MPa弹性模量E/GPa
钢板4421.0530.9211.6
6477.0567.7219.6
钢筋8527.6649.8227.2
12434.9610.4191.6
), ArticleFig(id=1244340254103159551, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, articleId=1244340206363591658, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

钢材力学性能参数

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材料类型直径(板厚)/mm屈服强度σs/MPa抗拉强度σb/MPa弹性模量E/GPa
钢板4421.0530.9211.6
6477.0567.7219.6
钢筋8527.6649.8227.2
12434.9610.4191.6
), ArticleFig(id=1244340254199628547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, articleId=1244340206363591658, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Basic parameters of test beam

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试件编号A0/mm2d0/mmI0/mm4
WDSCB-11 829.4142.59.692×1073.131.4
WDSCB-21 873.9146.41.02×1082.281.4
WDSCB-32 472.6142.91.119×1083.051.4
WDSCB-41 830.1142.59.692×1073.131.4
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试验梁基本参数

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试件编号A0/mm2d0/mmI0/mm4
WDSCB-11 829.4142.59.692×1073.131.4
WDSCB-21 873.9146.41.02×1082.281.4
WDSCB-32 472.6142.91.119×1083.051.4
WDSCB-41 830.1142.59.692×1073.131.4
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Calculation value of longitudinal shear stiffness for composite joints of test beams

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试件编号k/(kN•mm-1K/(kN•mm-1
WDSCB-1760.27.6
WDSCB-2760.27.6
WDSCB-3969.89.7
WDSCB-4942.36.5
), ArticleFig(id=1244340254522589970, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, articleId=1244340206363591658, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

试验梁叠合缝纵向抗剪刚度计算值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试件编号k/(kN•mm-1K/(kN•mm-1
WDSCB-1760.27.6
WDSCB-2760.27.6
WDSCB-3969.89.7
WDSCB-4942.36.5
), ArticleFig(id=1244340254673584920, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, articleId=1244340206363591658, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

Deflection values of WDSCB mid-span section

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试件编号荷载/kN弯曲挠度ω1/mm滑移挠度ω2/mm剪切挠度ω3/mm总挠度ω/mmω1/ω)/%ω2/ω)/%
WDSCB-10.2 Pp2.411.460.204.065936
0.4 Pp4.822.910.398.135936
0.6 Pp7.244.370.5912.195936
WDSCB-20.2 Pp2.271.440.143.845937
0.4 Pp4.542.870.287.695937
0.6 Pp6.814.310.4211.535937
WDSCB-30.2 Pp2.471.560.204.235837
0.4 Pp4.953.110.408.465837
0.6 Pp7.424.670.6012.695837
WDSCB-40.2 Pp2.271.600.184.065640
0.4 Pp4.543.200.378.115640
0.6 Pp6.814.810.5512.175640
), ArticleFig(id=1244340255000740642, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, articleId=1244340206363591658, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

WDSCB跨中截面挠度值

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试件编号荷载/kN弯曲挠度ω1/mm滑移挠度ω2/mm剪切挠度ω3/mm总挠度ω/mmω1/ω)/%ω2/ω)/%
WDSCB-10.2 Pp2.411.460.204.065936
0.4 Pp4.822.910.398.135936
0.6 Pp7.244.370.5912.195936
WDSCB-20.2 Pp2.271.440.143.845937
0.4 Pp4.542.870.287.695937
0.6 Pp6.814.310.4211.535937
WDSCB-30.2 Pp2.471.560.204.235837
0.4 Pp4.953.110.408.465837
0.6 Pp7.424.670.6012.695837
WDSCB-40.2 Pp2.271.600.184.065640
0.4 Pp4.543.200.378.115640
0.6 Pp6.814.810.5512.175640
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考虑剪切变形及界面滑移的双倒T型组合梁理论模型
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张现通 , 陈建兵 , 刘聪 , 田壮言
应用力学学报 | 动力学与控制 2025,42(6): 1387-1396
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应用力学学报 | 动力学与控制 2025, 42(6): 1387-1396
考虑剪切变形及界面滑移的双倒T型组合梁理论模型
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张现通, 陈建兵 , 刘聪, 田壮言
作者信息
  • 苏州科技大学土木工程学院,215011 苏州

通讯作者:

陈建兵,教授。E-mail:
Theoretical model of double inverted T-shaped composite beam considering shear deformation and interface slip
Xiantong ZHANG, Jianbing CHEN , Cong LIU, Zhuangyan TIAN
Affiliations
  • School of Civil Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, 215011 Suzhou, China
出版时间: 2025-12-15 doi: 10.11776/j.issn.1000-4939.2025.06.018
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在钢混组合结构中,由于存在一定的界面滑移及腹板剪切变形,平截面假定不再适用。为科学研究剪切变形及界面滑移对组合梁挠度及界面滑移的影响,通过Goodman假定和Timoshenko梁双广义位移假定,引入组合梁的应变关系和单元微段力学平衡,推导了考虑剪切变形及界面滑移的双倒T型钢-混组合梁弹性弯曲微分方程,并基于等效弹簧模型和等效杆系弹簧模型推导了腹板嵌入式连接件弹性抗剪刚度理论计算式。利用已知的组合梁变形及约束条件,求得简支组合梁在跨中集中荷载作用下的挠度及滑移解析解,并通过4根不同参数的双倒T型钢-混组合梁试验结果进行验证。结果表明:理论计算所得挠度、滑移值与实测值吻合较好,同时验证了腹板嵌入式连接件弹性抗剪刚度理论计算式的正确性;在高跨比为1/10的双倒T型组合梁挠度变形中,弯曲引起的挠度值约为总挠度的56%,界面滑移引起的挠度值约为总挠度的36%,剪切变形引起的挠度值约为总挠度的8%。本研究综合考虑了剪切变形及界面滑移对组合梁挠度及滑移的影响,相比于不考虑剪切变形及界面滑移的模型结构具有明显的改善。

双倒T型钢-混组合梁  /  剪切变形  /  弹性抗剪刚度  /  滑移  /  挠度

In steel-concrete composite structures, due to the existence of certain interface slip and web shear deformation, the assumption of flat section is no longer applicable. In order to scientifically study the effects of shear deformation and interface slip on the deflection and interface slip of composite beams, this paper adopts Goodman's assumption and Timoshenko beam's double generalized displacement assumption, introduces the strain relationship of composite beams and element microsegment mechanical equilibrium, and derives the elastic bending differential equation of double inverted T-shaped steel-concrete composite beams considering shear deformation and interface slip. Then based on the equivalent spring model and the equivalent rod spring model, a theoretical calculation formula for the elastic shear stiffness of the embedded web connection is derived. By using the known deformation and constraint conditions of the composite beam, we obtain the analytical solution of deflection and slip of the simply supported composite beam under concentrated load in the span and verify it through the experimental results of four double inverted T-shaped steel-concrete composite beams with different parameters. The results show that the deflection and slip values obtained from theoretical calculations are in good agreement with the measured values, and the correctness of the theoretical calculation formula for the elastic shear stiffness of the embedded web connection is verified. In the deflection deformation of double inverted T-shaped composite beams, the deflection value caused by bending accounts for about 56% of the total deflection, the deflection value caused by interface slip accounts for about 36% of the total deflection, and the deflection value caused by shear deformation accounts for about 8% of the total deflection. This article comprehensively considers the effects of shear deformation and interface slip on the deflection and slip of composite beams, and makes a significant improvement compared to the model structure that does not consider shear deformation and interface slip.

double inverted T-shaped steel-concrete composite beam  /  shear deformation  /  elastic shear stiffness  /  deflection  /  slip
张现通, 陈建兵, 刘聪, 田壮言. 考虑剪切变形及界面滑移的双倒T型组合梁理论模型. 应用力学学报, 2025 , 42 (6) : 1387 -1396 . DOI: 10.11776/j.issn.1000-4939.2025.06.018
Xiantong ZHANG, Jianbing CHEN, Cong LIU, Zhuangyan TIAN. Theoretical model of double inverted T-shaped composite beam considering shear deformation and interface slip[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics, 2025 , 42 (6) : 1387 -1396 . DOI: 10.11776/j.issn.1000-4939.2025.06.018
传统的T型钢-混组合梁易发生倾覆及钢腹板屈曲破坏,且一般采用栓钉剪力连接件进行钢混连接,焊接工作量大,焊接疲劳效应显著。基于此,本研究研究了一种新型组合梁结构——腹板嵌入式双倒T型钢-混组合梁(简称WDSCB)。WDSCB省去了剪力连接件焊接工序,嵌入式连接件是在钢梁腹板开槽并嵌入到混凝土翼板中,与混凝土榫和榫内横向钢筋共同起抗剪作用的连接件,保证了施工质量,且钢梁腹板和T型混凝土梁现浇成整体共同参与界面抗剪,提高了该组合梁的承载能力,同时保证了钢梁腹板的稳定性。
然而,即便是完全抗剪连接的组合梁,也会存在一定的弯曲界面滑移,这种滑移会降低组合梁整体刚度,使得挠度增大,且当组合梁跨高比较小时,剪切变形将不可忽略[1]。因此有必要在计算中对界面滑移和剪切变形那种效应给予综合考虑。针对剪切变形和界面滑移对组合梁变形的影响,学者们对其进行了深入的研究。周凌宇等[2]对工字型组合梁界面滑移和剪切变形进行了研究,并利用最小势能原理和变分法建立了挠度控制微分方程。戚菁菁等[3]利用力的平衡原理及变形协调条件,建立了工字型组合梁动力学模型,讨论了界面滑移和剪切变形对组合连续梁振动特性和动力响应的影响程度。SCHNABL等[4]提出了用于分析具有不同材料和几何特性的双层组合梁计算模型,该模型考虑了界面滑移和剪切变形对各层位移的影响。周世军等[5]基于能量变分法推导了单箱双室组合箱梁考虑界面滑移和腹板剪切变形时剪力滞效应的控制微分方程。
现有关于组合梁界面滑移和剪切变形的研究主要基于最小势能原理,进行积分或矩阵求解,求解过程较为复杂,在工程实用上有一定局限性,且未见对双倒T型钢-混组合梁界面滑移和剪切变形的相关研究。因此本研究在Goodman假定和Timoshenko梁双广义位移假定的基础上,通过钢混应变关系和单元微段力学平衡关系,建立了带有腹板嵌入式抗剪连接件的双倒T型钢-混组合梁变形模型,得到了简支组合梁在跨中集中荷载作用下的解析解[6]。通过试验值与理论值的对比,验证推导公式的正确性,通过本研究理论值与既有理论值的对比,验证公式的精确性。
1)钢-混组合梁处于弹性工作阶段,钢和混凝土均为理想弹性体。
2)钢和混凝土变形时曲率相同,且分别符合平截面假定。
3)钢混交界面上水平剪力与相对滑移成正比。
图1为所用的腹板嵌入式双倒T型钢-混组合梁简图,为方便计算,引入{oxyz}坐标系,x轴与组合梁中和轴重合。
根据goodman假定,将混凝土和钢梁交界面视为连续弹性夹层时,组合梁的应变组成如图2所示[7]
混凝土和钢梁产生的弯曲滑移为
式中,θ为剖面转角。
设钢梁与混凝土产生相对滑移为s(x),则界面滑移产生的应变为s′(x)。在滑移作用下,组合梁应保持轴力大小相同,方向相反[1],所以有
式中:为混凝土板滑移应变;为钢梁滑移应变;Aco为混凝土截面面积;As为钢梁截面面积;E为钢梁弹性模量;Ec为混凝土弹性模量。
由式(2)可得到
式中,n=E/Ec
为方便计算,下面考虑将混凝土截面换算成钢截面。
所以混凝土板和钢梁总应变分别为
式中:Ac为混凝土换算截面面积。
根据线弹性假定,法向正应力为
则组合梁上下层分别承担的轴力为
式中,dcds分别为混凝土、钢梁中性轴到组合梁截面中性轴距离。
轴力引起的弯矩与外弯矩方向相反,所以弯矩为
式中:IcIs分别为混凝土换算截面、钢梁截面惯性矩。
组合梁总弯矩为
式中:I0=Ic+Isd0=dc+ds
叠合缝上的相对滑移应变是叠合缝相邻点混凝土部件应变εc与钢部件应变εs不协调所致[8],有
式中,εsp为滑移应变。
由假定3)可知,单位长度上的纵向剪力q(x),在弹性工作阶段,与叠合缝相对滑移s(x)成正比关系,其物理方程为
式中,K为叠合缝纵向抗剪刚度。
由式(9)、式(10),求得
将式(12)代入式(8)中,求得
由式(6)解得θ′,代入式(13)中,求得
式中:
υ2=,上式可化为二阶常系数非齐次微分方程形式,即
对于腹板嵌入式抗剪连接件,单个连接件局部区域共同承担外力对各部件之间的位移作用,钢筋与混凝土协调变形,可将钢筋与混凝土的抗剪刚度等效为弹簧的串联,再与嵌入式连接件并联[9]。剪力件与混凝土榫受剪后由于变形并不同步,为适应各自的变形特征,混凝土和混凝土榫内钢筋的抗剪刚度等效为弹簧模型,只考虑弹簧的抗压贡献;剪力件等效为杆系弹簧模型,同时考虑传力杆弯曲和剪切贡献[10],分别用kbkr表示,如图3所示,则
式中:ks为剪力件抗剪刚度;kb为剪力件弯曲弹簧刚度;kr为剪力件剪切弹簧刚度。
混凝土、连接件、钢板在弹性阶段满足钢性叠加关系,需分别求出剪力件、混凝土榫和榫内贯穿钢筋的抗剪刚度,连接件弹性抗剪刚度k可由式(18)求出。
式中:kc为混凝土榫刚度;ki为榫内贯穿钢筋抗剪刚度。
连接件承受较大荷载时,剪力键周围的混凝土被局部压碎,进而局部破坏在受力方向扩展贯通造成劈裂破坏[11]。所以应考虑混凝土榫的局部受剪破坏,混凝土榫有效长度取为lc.2-lc.1
混凝土榫是混凝土浇筑形成,与其他位置混凝土固结成整体。所以当混凝土榫受剪时,应考虑周边混凝土的贡献值,参考混凝土纵向劈裂破坏时平均最短裂缝距离,增加宽度修正值0.15lc.1[9]lc.1为混凝土榫底宽,即等效截面宽度为0.15lc.1+t,如图4所示。
混凝土榫的抗剪刚度为
将剪力件理想成一个悬臂结构,悬臂长度为混凝土和剪力件最大接触应力点位置到剪力件根部距离。在有限元模拟中[12]可知最大接触应力点为一近似值,取为剪力件的重心位置,如图5所示。
根据剪力件受力特征可知底部受力较大,易发生剪切破坏,为简化计算,剪力件有效宽度取底部长度ls
剪力件杆系弹簧弯曲位移Δb
则剪力件的弯曲弹簧刚度kb
式中,t为剪力件板厚。
剪力件杆系弹簧剪切位移Δr
则剪力件的剪切弹簧刚度kr
式中:Gs为剪力件的切变模量,且μ为剪力件的泊松比。
连接件中钢筋所受的力与剪力件及混凝土提供的被动反作用力有关,钢筋受外力作用时会有变形趋势,这种变形趋势会对周边混凝土产生压力,受压混凝土又会受到近处混凝土的约束作用,因而受压区混凝土强度和延性得到较大提升,其对钢筋作用相当于弹性地基[13]。所以在弹性状态下,钢筋等效为文克尔地基梁模型,钢筋周围反作用混凝土相当于弹性地基,如图6所示。
根据文克尔地基梁基本假设,地基表面任一点的压力强度与该点挠度成正比,即
式中:ki为基床系数,与弹性地基混凝土有关,取ki=0.01 kN/mm3vi为某点力相应点的竖向位移,除剪力件作用点外,荷载
利用文克尔弹性地基模型求解方法,联立地基平衡方程、梁挠度微分方程和变形协调方程可得梁的平衡方程为
式中:Ei为钢筋的弹性模量;Ii为钢筋的截面惯性矩;Di为钢筋直径。
,则式(25)可表示为
钢筋端部几乎不受力[14],所以可认为该梁在距嵌入式连接件作用点较远处不受力。则式(26)的通解为
由变形协调条件可知:当x=0时,,即C1C2
由挠曲线近似微分方程,可求得任一点的剪力,即
由内力平衡可知,当x=0时,
由式(27)、式(28)联立求解可得
所以x=0处的挠度为
钢筋部分对于整体抗剪刚度的贡献值为
式中,ζ为对于钢筋在连接件实际刚度贡献的修正系数,取ζ=4.0[15]
将式(19)、式(21)、式(23)、式(30)代入式(17)、式(18)中,求得嵌入式连接件弹性抗剪刚度表达式为
求得叠合缝纵向抗剪刚度K
式中:ns为连接件列数;u为连接件纵向间距。
对于集中荷载P作用下的简支梁(图7),设坐标原点位于左端支座,梁跨为l
由于边界的对称性,可以只考虑0≤xl/2段,则
将式(33)代入式(16)得到
由式(34)解得
由其荷载对称性可知,跨中边界条件,,再由支座边界条件,,求得其左半梁轴力为
滑移分布为
对式(8)两边同时积分得到
代入式(38)得到
在Timoshenko梁理论中,内力与广义应变的关系式为
式中:C为刚度系数,与梁变形无关,只与剖面形状和所用材料有关,一般取,这里Ks为剪应力分布不均匀系数,一般通过积分求得[16]γ为剪切角。
组合梁所承受的总剪力为
式中:为中心线转角;为混凝土板剪应力分布不均匀系数;为双倒T型钢梁剪应力分布不均匀系数。
对式(40)积分得到
由式(38)、式(39)得到
将式(42)、式(43)代入式(41),得到
式(44)即为组合梁承受集中荷载时左半部的挠度表达式,式中第一项为弯曲引起的挠度,第二项为界面滑移效应引起的挠度,第三项为剪切变形引起的挠度。
设计4根腹板嵌入式双倒T型钢-混组合梁试件,根据不同的结构参数进行编号。其中WDTSCB-1为基准试件,参数变量为混凝土翼缘板宽度、双倒T型钢梁腹板和下翼缘板板厚、剪力件间距,分别对应WDTSCB-2~WDTSCB-4。构件主要根据《组合结构设计规范》(JGJ 138—2016)进行设计,构件尺寸如图8所示。梁长L=3 200 mm,计算跨径L0=3 000 mm;梁高H=300 mm,则试件高跨比为1/10;混凝土翼板厚hc=80 mm;板宽B有640 mm和760 mm两种;钢板厚度t有4 mm和6 mm两种;沿梁长等间距设有5处横隔板,横隔板间距dh=800 mm;倒T型钢梁下翼缘宽bs=64 mm,双倒T型下翼缘宽b=130 mm;钢板嵌入混凝土内部的高度de=35 mm,其中嵌入式剪力键高度dt=30 mm,剪力件上部长度bu=88 mm,下部长度bl=100 mm,剪力件间距d有200 mm和300 mm两种,开槽剪力件距端部距离be=50 mm;板内螺纹钢筋公称直径有8 mm和12 mm两种,横向钢筋间距100 mm,纵向钢筋间距为100 mm,竖向单支箍钢筋长为280 mm,间距为100 mm,钢筋保护层5 mm。各试件详细尺寸参数如表1所示。
构件主钢件采用Q345B级桥梁钢材,钢梁腹板和下翼缘板有4 mm和6 mm两种板厚,钢筋均采用HRB400,有8 mm和12 mm两种直径,依据《金属材料拉伸试验》(GB/T 228.1—2010)的规定制取构件进行拉伸试验,试验结果如表2所示。
根据《混凝土物理力学性能试验方法标准》(GB 50081—2019),测得到混凝土立方体的抗压强度fcu.k=40.7 MPa,根据《混凝土结构设计规范》(GB 50010—2010),求得混凝土轴心抗压强度fc.k=27.2 MPa,混凝土弹性模量Ec=3.28×104MPa。
试验采用1/3点对称加载方式,试验加载示意图如图9所示,试验加载装置如图10所示。
为验证本研究理论公式的正确性,将本研究计算值与试验值进行对比,试验梁各参数如表3所示。
各试件叠合缝纵向抗剪刚度计算值如表4所示。
将上述基本参数代入式(44)可得WDSCB跨中截面受集中荷载时的挠度值,如图11所示,其中,Pp为峰值荷载。由图可知:当荷载处于弹性阶段(0.6PP[9]时,挠度理论计算值与实测值吻合较好,计算值略大于实测值。当荷载大于0.6PP时,随着荷载的增加,试验值与理论计算值的偏差增大,这可能是由于该公式是基于线弹性假设所建立,当构件进入弹塑性阶段后,所推到的理论计算公式已不在适用。
表5列出了试件弹性阶段跨中截面挠度变化值,由表可知在WDSCB构件线弹性挠度变化过程中,弯曲引起的挠度值约为总挠度的56%,界面滑移效应引起的挠度值约为总挠度的36%,剪切变形引起的挠度值约为总挠度值的8%。
图12给出了WDSCB在峰值荷载下跨中截面滑移点到最大滑移点的实测值与理论值对比,数据吻合较好,剪跨段实测值大于理论值,纯弯段实测值小于理论值,推测是由于WDSCB对称加载,纯弯段无剪力,界面滑移由剪跨段滑移引起,叠合缝界面刚度计算时考虑全梁抗剪,较为保守,界面滑移计算较为安全。
既有求解钢-混组合梁挠度计算方法如下。
1)组合梁刚度叠加法[7]
2)组合梁换算截面法[17]
以基准构件(WDSCB-1)模型为例,按式(44)、式(45)、式(46)进行挠度求解,绘出荷载-挠度曲线(图13)进行对比分析。
图13可知,本研究推导的挠度计算公式精确度更高,吻合度更好,刚度叠加法和换算截面法计算数值与实测值误差较大,所以组合梁构件在进行挠度验算时,应考虑界面滑移和剪切变形的影响。
本研究考虑了剪切变形及界面滑移效应对组合梁挠度和滑移的影响,推导了腹板嵌入式双倒T型钢-混组合梁挠度及滑移计算公式,并基于等效弹簧模型和等效杆系弹簧模型,推导了嵌入式连接件弹性抗剪刚度理论计算公式。主要结论如下。
1)基于Goodman假定和Timoshenko梁双广义位移假定,求得了腹板嵌入式双倒T型钢-混组合梁在跨中集中荷载作用下的挠度和滑移计算表达式,表达清晰,易于工程实践。
2)将推导的腹板嵌入式钢-混组合梁挠度及滑移理论公式计算值与实测值进行对比,对于不同参数下的组合梁弹性加载阶段,理论值与实测值吻合较好,验证了理论计算公式的正确性。
3)在高跨比为1/10的腹板嵌入式双倒T型钢-混组合梁挠度变形中,弯曲引起的挠度值约为总挠度的56%,界面滑移效应引起的挠度值约为总挠度的36%,剪切变形引起的挠度值约为总挠度的8%。
4)利用推导的理论计算公式与其他既有理论计算公式进行挠度计算,并与实测结果相对比,显示本研究推导的理论计算公式能较好地反映出界面滑移和剪切变形效应对组合梁挠度的影响,该理论公式可作为结构设计的依据。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(52208187)
  • 江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(KYCX21_3039)
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doi: 10.11776/j.issn.1000-4939.2025.06.018
  • 接收时间:2023-09-26
  • 首发时间:2026-03-27
  • 出版时间:2025-12-15
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  • 收稿日期:2023-09-26
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国家自然科学基金资助项目(52208187)
江苏省研究生科研与实践创新计划项目(KYCX21_3039)
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    苏州科技大学土木工程学院,215011 苏州

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陈建兵,教授。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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