Article(id=1244340206787211629, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, issueId=1244340201636610993, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11776/j.issn.1000-4939.2025.06.012, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1682006400000, receivedDateStr=2023-04-21, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1774603424020, onlineDateStr=2026-03-27, pubDate=1765728000000, pubDateStr=2025-12-15, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774603424020, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-27, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774603424020, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774603424020, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1244340201636610993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, year='2025', volume='42', issue='6', pageStart='1207', pageEnd='1446', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774603422792, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774603751062, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1244341578555306992, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, issueId=1244340201636610993, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1244341578555306993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, issueId=1244340201636610993, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1320, endPage=1329, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1244340208708202899, articleId=1244340206787211629, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, language=EN, title=Study on the seismic behaviour of embedded steel wire mesh-reinforced concrete column, columnId=1244340205327593820, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics, columnName=Solid Mechanics, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to enhance the seismic performance of reinforced concrete columns, a method of embedding steel wire mesh to strengthen concrete columns was proposed. A total of six specimens including reinforced concrete column, four steel mesh-reinforced columns, and one stirrup-reinforced column were designed and poured. Constant axial pressure was applied to the specimens and horizontal quasi-static cyclic loading was carried out. The failure patterns, crack distribution, hysteretic characteristics, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity of each specimen were tested. The seismic performances of steel wire mesh-reinforced specimens and stirrup-reinforced specimens with the same equivalent stirrup ratio were compared and analyzed, and the effects of steel mesh layers and configuration height range on the seismic perform-ance of members were discussed. The research results show that the proper configuration of steel mesh can effectively restrict the formation and development of column sectional crack and“diagonal crack”, and transform the bending-shear failure mode of the specimen into bending failure mode. Therefore, compared with the reference specimen and stirrup-reinforced specimen, the wire mesh-reinforced specimen shows greater initial stiffness, better ductile deformation and cumulative energy dissipation capacity. The research results preliminarily clarify the relationship between the number of wire mesh layers, height range and ductile deformation capacity, stiffness degradation, and energy dissipation capacity of specimens, and the related results can provide reference for the design of embedded wire mesh-reinforced concrete columns.

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为增强钢筋混凝土柱的抗震性能,提出了埋入钢丝网增强混凝土柱的方法。设计浇筑了1个钢筋混凝土柱、4个钢丝网增强柱和1个箍筋加密柱共计6个试件,对试件施加了恒定轴向压力并实施了水平拟静力循环往复荷载,测试了各试件的破坏形态、裂缝分布、滞回特性、延性和耗能能力等。对比分析了含钢量相同的钢丝网增强试件和箍筋加密试件的抗震性能,探讨了钢丝网层数和配置高度范围对构件抗震性能的影响。研究结果表明:适当配置钢丝网能够有效限制柱身贯通裂缝和“对角裂缝”的形成和发展,使试件的弯剪破坏模式转换为弯曲破坏模式。因此,相比于对照试件和箍筋加密试件,钢丝网增强试件表现出更大的初期刚度、更好的延性变形和累计耗能能力。研究结果初步明确了钢丝网层数、高度范围与试件延性变形能力、刚度退化、耗能能力的关系,相关成果可为埋入式钢丝网增强混凝土柱的设计提供参考。

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付李。E-mail:
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label=图10, caption=累计耗能曲线, figureFileSmall=UWcJQ2ClNYNUMtVk6b2Q1w==, figureFileBig=0EFqX4Cwo5fTup1VJlFMPA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244340226152313762, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, articleId=1244340206787211629, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Parameters of specimens

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试件编号轴向钢筋箍筋混凝土抗压强度
fc/MPa
轴压比钢丝网抗拉强度
fu/MPa
配筋率ρt/%屈服强度fy/MPa弹性模量Es/GPa配箍率ρw/%屈服强度fwy/MPa
S1.545732000.5142643.50.4
1D-11.545732000.7742646.50.41 004
1D-21.545732001.0242645.60.41 004
2D-11.545732001.0242644.30.41 004
2D-21.545732001.5342647.30.41 004
S-21.545732001.0242647.80.4
), ArticleFig(id=1244340226307503021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, articleId=1244340206787211629, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

试件参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试件编号轴向钢筋箍筋混凝土抗压强度
fc/MPa
轴压比钢丝网抗拉强度
fu/MPa
配筋率ρt/%屈服强度fy/MPa弹性模量Es/GPa配箍率ρw/%屈服强度fwy/MPa
S1.545732000.5142643.50.4
1D-11.545732000.7742646.50.41 004
1D-21.545732001.0242645.60.41 004
2D-11.545732001.0242644.30.41 004
2D-21.545732001.5342647.30.41 004
S-21.545732001.0242647.80.4
), ArticleFig(id=1244340226424943538, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, articleId=1244340206787211629, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Stiffness degradation condition

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编号初始刚度k1/(kN•mm-1破坏时的残余刚度k/(kN•mm-1
S81.510.189
S-27.61.090.143
1D-18.80.750.085
1D-26.81.060.123
2D-19.11.250.137
2D-28.61.10.163
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刚度变化情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号初始刚度k1/(kN•mm-1破坏时的残余刚度k/(kN•mm-1
S81.510.189
S-27.61.090.143
1D-18.80.750.085
1D-26.81.060.123
2D-19.11.250.137
2D-28.61.10.163
), ArticleFig(id=1244340226697573318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, articleId=1244340206787211629, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Displacement ductility coefficients

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试件编号正向屈服位移δy1正向极限位移δu1正向延性系数μ1反向屈服位移δy2反向极限位移δu2反向延性系数μ2平均延性系数μ
S15.1633.002.189.2524.002.592.39
S-211.7031.602.708.8327.003.062.88
1D-19.4922.902.4112.2724.562.002.21
1D-211.0631.402.8410.2031.603.102.97
2D-113.9433.002.379.2124.802.692.53
2D-212.0436.273.019.2435.303.823.42
), ArticleFig(id=1244340226794042317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, articleId=1244340206787211629, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

位移延性系数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
试件编号正向屈服位移δy1正向极限位移δu1正向延性系数μ1反向屈服位移δy2反向极限位移δu2反向延性系数μ2平均延性系数μ
S15.1633.002.189.2524.002.592.39
S-211.7031.602.708.8327.003.062.88
1D-19.4922.902.4112.2724.562.002.21
1D-211.0631.402.8410.2031.603.102.97
2D-113.9433.002.379.2124.802.692.53
2D-212.0436.273.019.2435.303.823.42
), ArticleFig(id=1244340226940842969, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, articleId=1244340206787211629, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Accumulated energy dissipation

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试件编号SS-21D-11D-22D-12D-2
累计耗能/kJ2.112.762.463.422.073.55
), ArticleFig(id=1244340227158946786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244295746212642849, articleId=1244340206787211629, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

试件破坏时的累计耗能

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试件编号SS-21D-11D-22D-12D-2
累计耗能/kJ2.112.762.463.422.073.55
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埋入式钢丝网增强混凝土柱的抗震性能研究
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张莉佳 1, 2 , 付李 1, 2 , 尹强圣 1 , 俞设 1 , 周太全 1
应用力学学报 | 固体力学 2025,42(6): 1320-1329
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应用力学学报 | 固体力学 2025, 42(6): 1320-1329
埋入式钢丝网增强混凝土柱的抗震性能研究
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张莉佳1, 2, 付李1, 2 , 尹强圣1, 俞设1, 周太全1
作者信息
  • 1.江南大学纤维工程与装备技术学院,214401 无锡
  • 2.浙江大学城市学院城市基础设施智能化浙江省工程研究中心,310015 杭州

通讯作者:

付李。E-mail:
Study on the seismic behaviour of embedded steel wire mesh-reinforced concrete column
Lijia ZHANG1, 2, Li FU1, 2 , Qiangsheng YIN1, She YU1, Taiquan ZHOU1
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Fiber Engineering and Equipment Technology, Jiangnan University, 214401 Wuxi, China
  • 2.Zhejiang Engineering Research Center of Intelligent Urban Infrastructure, Zhejiang University City College, 310015 Hangzhou, China
出版时间: 2025-12-15 doi: 10.11776/j.issn.1000-4939.2025.06.012
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为增强钢筋混凝土柱的抗震性能,提出了埋入钢丝网增强混凝土柱的方法。设计浇筑了1个钢筋混凝土柱、4个钢丝网增强柱和1个箍筋加密柱共计6个试件,对试件施加了恒定轴向压力并实施了水平拟静力循环往复荷载,测试了各试件的破坏形态、裂缝分布、滞回特性、延性和耗能能力等。对比分析了含钢量相同的钢丝网增强试件和箍筋加密试件的抗震性能,探讨了钢丝网层数和配置高度范围对构件抗震性能的影响。研究结果表明:适当配置钢丝网能够有效限制柱身贯通裂缝和“对角裂缝”的形成和发展,使试件的弯剪破坏模式转换为弯曲破坏模式。因此,相比于对照试件和箍筋加密试件,钢丝网增强试件表现出更大的初期刚度、更好的延性变形和累计耗能能力。研究结果初步明确了钢丝网层数、高度范围与试件延性变形能力、刚度退化、耗能能力的关系,相关成果可为埋入式钢丝网增强混凝土柱的设计提供参考。

埋入式钢丝网  /  钢筋混凝土柱  /  拟静力循环往复荷载  /  贯通裂缝  /  抗震性能

In order to enhance the seismic performance of reinforced concrete columns, a method of embedding steel wire mesh to strengthen concrete columns was proposed. A total of six specimens including reinforced concrete column, four steel mesh-reinforced columns, and one stirrup-reinforced column were designed and poured. Constant axial pressure was applied to the specimens and horizontal quasi-static cyclic loading was carried out. The failure patterns, crack distribution, hysteretic characteristics, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity of each specimen were tested. The seismic performances of steel wire mesh-reinforced specimens and stirrup-reinforced specimens with the same equivalent stirrup ratio were compared and analyzed, and the effects of steel mesh layers and configuration height range on the seismic perform-ance of members were discussed. The research results show that the proper configuration of steel mesh can effectively restrict the formation and development of column sectional crack and“diagonal crack”, and transform the bending-shear failure mode of the specimen into bending failure mode. Therefore, compared with the reference specimen and stirrup-reinforced specimen, the wire mesh-reinforced specimen shows greater initial stiffness, better ductile deformation and cumulative energy dissipation capacity. The research results preliminarily clarify the relationship between the number of wire mesh layers, height range and ductile deformation capacity, stiffness degradation, and energy dissipation capacity of specimens, and the related results can provide reference for the design of embedded wire mesh-reinforced concrete columns.

embedded steel wire mesh  /  reinforced concrete column  /  quasi-static cyclic loading test  /  sectional crack  /  seismic performance
张莉佳, 付李, 尹强圣, 俞设, 周太全. 埋入式钢丝网增强混凝土柱的抗震性能研究. 应用力学学报, 2025 , 42 (6) : 1320 -1329 . DOI: 10.11776/j.issn.1000-4939.2025.06.012
Lijia ZHANG, Li FU, Qiangsheng YIN, She YU, Taiquan ZHOU. Study on the seismic behaviour of embedded steel wire mesh-reinforced concrete column[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Mechanics, 2025 , 42 (6) : 1320 -1329 . DOI: 10.11776/j.issn.1000-4939.2025.06.012
按照受弯构件设计的钢筋混凝土柱(如桥墩柱)在强震作用下可能遭受脆性剪切破坏或弯剪破坏,这导致构件达不到预期延性性能,严重威胁整体结构的安全[1-3]。前期研究发现,与单调荷载作用不同,地震或往复荷载作用会导致钢筋混凝土柱(以下简称“RC柱”)在塑性铰区域产生贯穿横截面的通缝(以下称为“贯通裂缝”);而贯通裂缝是导致构件抗剪承载力快速衰减和剪切破坏发生的关键变形原因[4]。因此,如何有针对性地限制贯通裂缝的形成对于改善RC柱的抗震性能具有重要意义。
近年来,采用钢丝网加固RC柱成为抗震加固的方法之一。目前的研究主要采用绕丝法:即在柱身表面缠绕数圈钢丝网,并且涂抹厚度约3~4 mm的砂浆保护层来包裹柱身。钢丝网的配筋分散性可对柱身起到抗震加固作用[5-12]。孙延华等[13]通过试验初步明确了钢丝网砂浆层加固混凝土柱的机制,加固层会产生又细又密的纵横裂缝而大量耗能,并且钢丝网可一定程度抑制纵筋与砂浆层的黏结破坏。MARTHONG[14]采用镀锌钢丝网砂浆层加固不同截面形状的混凝土柱,发现加固后的圆柱相比于矩形柱和L形柱具有更高的承载能力和延性。SUN等[15]对仅用钢筋加固和钢筋-钢丝网组合加固的混凝土柱进行抗震性能测试,发现钢筋-钢丝网加固试件的承载力和耗能能力更好。欧乐恩等[16]对不锈钢钢丝网砂浆加固和镀锌钢丝网砂浆加固柱进行了低周往复加载试验,发现加固后柱的抗震性能得到有效提升,不锈钢钢丝网砂浆加固柱比镀锌钢丝网砂浆加固柱的抗震延性增强效果更好。杜丽惠等[17]提出采用钢网板的加固方法,研究结果表明,钢网板与混凝土之间的变形协调良好,该法能增强混凝土的塑性变形能力,提高混凝土的抗剪和抗拉强度。李振宝等[18]以钢板网约束形式为主要参数,设计实施了RC柱的循环往复荷载试验。试验结果表明,钢板网能够提高混凝土的强度和延性,进而增强RC柱的抗震性能。陈高峰[19]实施了钢丝网加固混凝土圆柱体的轴压试验,发现受到钢丝网约束的混凝土在破坏后依旧不碎,最终仍保有较大的残余强度,这表明混凝土圆柱体的延性明显增强。ZHAO[20]尝试应用高强度钢环、钢丝网和改性高强度砂浆组成的复合材料加固混凝土圆柱体试件,并实施了轴压试验。试验结果表明,钢丝网作为一种二次约束,能够显著增强混凝土的延性。EMARA等[21]对钢丝网内、外约束的RC圆柱试件实施了轴压试验,发现将钢丝网用于内部约束可使试件承载力和延性性能的增强效果更好。
以上研究均证实,钢丝网由于其配筋分散性的特点,相较于传统增加配箍的加固方法,能够更好地限制加固区域混凝土的集中开裂行为,并且施工简易。为了增强新设RC柱的抗震性能,并且进一步探索钢丝网配置范围的影响,本研究从限制塑性铰区域贯通裂缝发展的角度,提出在RC柱身底部钢筋骨架的4个侧面埋设钢丝网的抗震增强方法。以钢丝网配置层数和配置高度为主要参数,制作了6个柱试件,包括1个钢筋混凝土柱对照试件、4个钢丝网增强混凝土柱试件以及1个箍筋加密混凝土柱试件,并实施了低周循环往复荷载试验,初步明确了埋入式钢丝网对RC柱抗震性能的增强效果。
用于浇筑柱试件的混凝土设计强度为C40等级,配合比为“水泥∶砂∶石∶水=1∶1.56∶3.41∶0.48”,粗骨料最大粒径不超过20 mm。纵筋采用HRB400级钢筋,直径为14 mm,屈服强度为573 MPa;箍筋采用HRB335级钢筋,直径为6 mm,屈服强度为426 MPa。浇筑混凝土时,每个柱试件配置3个100 mm×100 mm×100 mm的立方体伴随件,与柱试件采用相同的自然养护条件。在柱试件加载当天测试立方体伴随件的平均抗压强度fc,测试结果如表1所示。
为确保混凝土浇筑时,粗骨料能顺利通过钢丝网眼并且分布均匀,同时为确保其中一个钢丝网增强柱试件的含钢量与箍筋加密试件的含钢量相等,试验选定的钢丝网网格大小为30 mm×30 mm,钢丝直径为2.5 mm。钢丝网材质为304不锈钢,横纵钢丝通过焊接嵌入的方式相连接,确保钢丝网的传力性能。
试验共制作了6个柱试件,如图1所示。柱横截面尺寸为200 mm×200 mm,净高为1 150 mm,底梁纵截面尺寸为350 mm×250 mm,总长为1 000 mm,柱身和底梁的混凝土保护层厚度均为20 mm,剪跨比为3.4。
根据配筋条件的不同,对试件编号:nD-m或S。其中,n表示钢丝网的高度是试件横截面有效高度(167 mm)的n倍,m表示钢丝网的层数;S表示不配置钢丝网的对照试件,S-2为箍筋加密试件,其含钢量和钢丝网加固试件2D-1的含钢量相当(表1)。
对于使用单层钢丝网的试件,使用扎丝将钢丝网绑扎于钢筋笼的外侧面(图2),同时将4个相邻垂直的网面绑扎固定,形成环绕钢筋骨架的钢丝网强化圈层。对于两层钢丝网配置的试件,为方便绑扎、防止两层钢丝网的相互干扰以及预留出足够的保护层厚度,将第二层钢丝网布置在钢筋骨架的内侧面,用扎丝将内部钢丝网和纵筋、箍筋以及外层钢丝网固定连接。最后,向模具中浇筑混凝土成型。
加载设备和数据采集设备如图3所示。试验过程中,在距柱底面70 mm的高度位置布置应变片测点,测量纵筋的应变发展。采用300 t电液伺服加载系统以10 kN/s的速率对柱顶施加竖向轴力,当轴压力达到432 kN时加载完成并维持恒定,即达到设定轴压比0.4。随后采用100 t的液压作动器施加水平方向荷载[22]。试验全过程均采用位移控制法加载,在试件屈服前,每个加载阶段位移以1 mm的增量逐级增加,每级位移循环一次,直至试件屈服。试件屈服后,每个加载阶段以屈服位移(约为11 mm)为增量逐级成倍增加,每级位移循环3次,直至试件破坏。当荷载下降至正负方向峰值荷载的85%以下时停止加载(图4)。
水平循环加载的方向为东西方向,在试件南北两侧分别架设高清相机和数字成像系统(digital image correlation,DIC)拍摄试件在两个侧面的开裂变形过程,用于分析钢丝网增强RC柱抗震性能的机制。
图5为所有试件加载破坏后的开裂变形图片和破坏时的DIC成像结果(图例如图所示,颜色变化表示试件侧面受拉应变大小)。其中,开裂变形过大的区域无法成像,试件S-2的DIC成像由于拍摄中受到外部光源的干扰,清晰度较低。
图5(a)可知,在加载初期,距离底梁顶面100 mm和250 mm的高度首先出现横截面受弯裂缝aδ=-4 mm)、bδ=+5 mm)。随着荷载增大,在更高的截面位置出现受弯开裂cδ=-6 mm)、dδ=-7 mm),并且裂缝d向试件中轴线沿斜45°延伸。值得注意的是,试件屈服后(反向屈服位移δy2=-11 mm),受弯裂缝ab及其反向开裂发展加快并最终连接为贯通裂缝(δ=±22 mm)。贯通裂缝形成后,剪切变形显著发展,并控制了开裂变形过程。从贯通裂缝面产生斜向30°的裂缝并快速交叉形成“对角裂缝”。最终,由于柱底塑性铰区域的弯剪复合作用,试件在靠近柱底1倍有效高度范围内发生混凝土压溃剥离现象,进而发生弯剪破坏(δ=±33 mm)。
图5(b)为箍筋加密试件S-2的结果。S-2表现出与对照试件S相似的开裂变形过程。随着侧向位移等级的增大,柱底塑性铰区域先后形成弯曲裂缝aδ=+4 mm)、bδ=+5 mm)、cδ=-5 mm)、dδ=-8 mm)、eδ=+8 mm),并且开裂的位置逐渐增高。轴向钢筋受拉屈服后(反向屈服位移δy2=-11 mm),裂缝de及其反向裂缝向柱轴线斜向延伸,并且后续发展为贯通裂缝(δ=±20 mm),并且裂缝e及其反向的斜裂缝交叉形成“对角裂缝”。与对照试件S的“对角裂缝”相比,相同侧向位移等级的开裂程度和竖向开裂范围均受到抑制,体现出箍筋加密限制开裂的效果。但是,箍筋加密对于贯通裂缝的形成没有明显的限制作用(S、S-2试件均形成两条贯通裂缝)。最终,“对角裂缝”延伸至柱底面塑性铰区域,试件由于塑性铰区域混凝土的压溃、剥落而发生弯剪破坏(δ=±40 mm)。混凝土的压溃范围与对照试件S为同等程度(靠近柱底1倍有效高度范围)。
图5(c)为采用单层钢丝网且配置范围为1倍有效高度(167 mm)的试件(1D-1)的试验结果。可以看出,轴向钢筋屈服前,受弯行为控制试件的开裂变形过程,即:受弯裂缝aδ=+3 mm)、b(δ=+5 mm)、cδ=-7 mm)及其同等高度位置的反向水平裂缝从试件两侧产生并向柱轴线延伸。截面贯通裂缝形成前,从a的开裂面产生了斜向30°的裂缝;此时试件开始屈服(正向屈服位移δy1=+11 mm),且试件不再产生新的受弯裂缝。当侧向位移达到±22 mm,新的斜向开裂形成明显的“对角裂缝”,穿过裂缝abc;与此同时,裂缝a形成贯通裂缝。当侧向位移等级增大至-33 mm,在距离柱身底面425 mm的位置出现新的斜裂缝d;“对角裂缝”的上端e沿轴向向上延伸,形成明显的劈裂裂缝,而“对角裂缝”的下端已延伸至柱底面附近的塑性铰区域。可见,贯通裂缝的形成加剧了斜裂缝的发展。由于钢丝网的增强作用,“对角裂缝”虽然剧烈开展但并未导致荷载的下降;最终,在侧向位移为33 mm的第2周加载中,塑性铰区域混凝土发生压溃剥落导致试件发生弯剪破坏。破坏时,塑性铰区域的“对角裂缝”超过1 mm,混凝土压溃高度相比于对照试件S和箍筋加密试件S-2有显著增大(约250 mm)。
图5(d)为采用两层钢丝网且配置范围为1倍有效高度(167 mm)的试件(1D-2)的试验结果,与试件1D-1的开裂破坏模式相似。由图可知,试件在达到屈服位移(反向屈服位移δy2=-11 mm)之前,受弯开裂主导损伤过程,在试件两侧先后形成水平裂缝a~dδ=±4 mm)、eδ=+5 mm),且不断向柱轴线延伸。试件屈服后(反向屈服位移δy2=-11 mm),裂缝ab的端部斜向发展,同时,裂缝e的对称一侧形成反向水平裂缝。当侧向位移达到±22 mm时,裂缝e与其反向裂缝连接形成贯通裂缝,并且斜向开展的裂缝ab形成“对角裂缝”。此后的加载过程中,“对角裂缝”一支的顶端f逐渐向上延伸形成劈裂裂缝,同时,距柱底面220 mm位置新形成的斜裂缝与裂缝e相连接。当位移等级达到+44 mm时,受拉一侧的底梁出现开裂后,其上表面和柱身相连区域发生翘起、剥离;而受压侧塑性铰区域的混凝土开始出现压溃、剥落现象;最后一圈破坏时,“对角裂缝”和劈裂裂缝开裂严重,斜裂缝延伸至柱底附近的塑性铰区域,试件由于塑性铰混凝土被压溃而失效,试件呈现典型的弯剪破坏模式。混凝土压溃的高度和试件1D-1为同等程度(约250 mm)。
试件1D-1和1D-2的结果表明:1倍有效高度的钢丝网配置能够减少贯通裂缝的数量,增大混凝土压溃的高度范围,但是没能显著增加开裂的密度。同时,“对角裂缝”仍会从钢丝网的顶端附近剧烈发展,试件的弯剪破坏模式没有改变。
图5(e)为采用单层钢丝网且配置范围为2倍有效高度(334 mm)的试件(2D-1)的试验结果。由图可知,试件在达到屈服位移(反向屈服位移δy2=-11 mm)之前,受弯开裂主导损伤过程,在试件两侧先后形成水平裂缝a~bδ=-4 mm)、cδ=+6 mm)、dδ=+9 mm)。
当试件接近屈服时(反向屈服位移δy2=-11 mm),形成最后一条水平裂缝e,并且裂缝d首先呈现斜向下发展的趋势。随后,其余水平裂缝ac也斜向下往柱轴线延伸,但并未与反向裂缝产生明显连接或交叉,换言之,贯通裂缝和“对角裂缝”得到明显限制(δ=±22 mm)。最终,当侧向位移达到±33 mm时,由于柱身连同底梁顶面产生拔起变形,试件发生破坏。斜裂缝在破坏阶段距离柱底面较远,弯曲行为主导了开裂变形过程。
图5(f)为采用两层钢丝网且配置范围为2倍有效高度(334 mm)的试件(2D-2)的试验结果。其试验现象和破坏模式与试件2D-1较为相似。试件屈服前(反向屈服位移δy2=-11 mm),分别在试件两侧距离柱底面550 mm的高度范围内,形成包括a~bδ=±4 mm)、cδ=+5 mm)、dδ=±9 mm)在内的多条水平裂缝,最大长度约为50 mm。试件屈服后,当侧向位移达到±22 mm时,裂缝b向裂缝a、裂缝e向裂缝d斜向下延伸、交叉形成“对角裂缝”;其他水平裂缝均有所发展但未相连。最终,侧向位移达到±55 mm时,底梁呈现较大面积的拔起现象从而导致试件破坏和荷载的下降。
试件2D-1和2D-2的结果表明:与其他试件相比,2倍有效高度的钢丝网配置能够有效限制柱身贯通裂缝的形成和斜裂缝的发展,显著增大水平弯曲裂缝的密度和竖向分布范围,并减小其宽度;更为重要的是,该配置使“对角裂缝”明显上移,使试件的弯剪破坏模式转变为弯曲变形控制的模式。值得强调的是,本次试验的2D-1和2D-2试件由于受到柱身从底梁拔出变形的影响,荷载较早发生下降;因此,后续研究应进一步考虑避免柱身拔起的增强措施,从而充分测试钢丝网对柱身的抗震增强作用。但是,从最终破坏形态来看,试验结果能够证明钢丝网配置对于柱身抗震性能的明显提升;也正是由于柱身得到较好保护,变形集中于柱身和底梁的交界面,从而导致底梁顶面的脱落和柱身拔起。
另外,对比试件2D-1和2D-2的开裂过程可知:钢丝网面层数的增多能够增加弯曲裂缝的密度,有利于增强试件的极限变形能力和耗能能力,后文将进一步定量评价。
本章节将从荷载-侧向位移滞回曲线、骨架曲线、刚度退化曲线、位移延性系数、累计耗能能力指标分析埋入式钢丝网对RC柱抗震性能的影响。
图6所示为6个试件的荷载-侧向位移滞回曲线,正向加载的极限位移标识为红色圆点。本研究将着重对比滞回曲线的形状特征和峰值后的荷载下降特征。
对比对照试件S,钢丝网配置和箍筋加密试件的滞回环更为饱满,这表明试验试件的耗能能力有所增强。当钢丝网配置的高度相同时,随着网面层数的增加,试件的极限位移增大,耗能和延性性能更好。网面层数相同时,钢丝网配置高度对滞回环形状的影响不显著,但是,钢丝网配置高度较大的试件在破坏时的荷载没有发生断崖式下降,延性性能有所改善。
对比含钢量相同的箍筋加密试件S-2和钢丝网增强试件2D-1的结果可知(图5b和图5e),由于2D-1在位移等级为33 mm的加载过程中较早发生柱身拔出变形破坏,没能反映出钢丝网配置的增强优势。
依次连接每个侧向位移等级的荷载极值点可得各个试件的骨架曲线(图7)。图中结果表明,各试件的骨架曲线形状相似。加载初期的骨架曲线呈准线性变化。当试件进入屈服阶段后,骨架曲线则呈现明显的二次刚度,荷载仍继续增长。达到峰值荷载后,荷载随着侧向位移的增大逐步下降,骨架曲线呈现明显的下降段。
对比6个试件的结果可以发现,钢丝网增强试件的初期刚度与对照试件相差不大。这是因为钢丝网不仅在垂直于柱轴线的方向增大了配筋量,同时在轴向也增加了一定的配筋量,这有利于保持试件初期刚度。另外发现,相比于对照试件S,埋入两层钢丝网的试件(1D-2和2D-2)的荷载在峰值后的下降更为缓慢,延性性能更好。
由骨架曲线的结果可得各试件在每一级加载完成时的荷载值及其对应的侧向位移值。这里取相邻两级加载的数据点,可计算荷载差值与侧向位移差值的比值,即为每一级加载后对应的试件残余刚度。以第一级加载的刚度(初期刚度)k1为基准,将各级加载后的残余刚度kk1的比值(k/k1)定义为该级加载后的刚度残余比率。表2为6个试件的初期刚度、破坏时的残余刚度和两者的比值k/k1图8为6个试件的刚度退化曲线(k/k1与侧向位移等级关系曲线)。
结果表明,虽然钢丝网配置试件的初期刚度整体上大于对照试件,但是,钢丝网7高度为1倍有效高度的试件(1D-1、1D-2)的刚度随侧向位移增大的退化速率比对照试件S更快,接近破坏时的残余刚度值更小;而钢丝网高度为2倍有效高度的试件(2D-1、2D-2)的刚度随侧向位移增大的退化速率以及破坏时的残余刚度值与对照试件S差异不大。这是因为试件1D-1和1D-2在钢丝网顶端的附近区域发生了更为明显的弯剪变形(“对角开裂”),显著影响了试件刚度(具体可见第2.3和2.4节的分析)。此外,可以看出箍筋加密试件S-2虽然保持了和对照试件同等程度的刚度退化速率,但是破坏时的残余刚度值明显减小。
对比钢丝网高度相同的试件的结果可以发现,钢丝网层数的增加能够减缓刚度退化的速率,尤其是在试件屈服前的加载阶段。以上结果证明,采用钢丝网增强柱构件时,宜将钢丝网的高度尺寸设定为2倍的截面有效高度。
本研究采用式(1)计算试件的位移延性系数μ来进一步定量评价延性性能。
式中:δu为试件的极限位移,取荷载下降到峰值的85%时的侧向位移等级值(mm);δy为试件的屈服位移值(mm)。这里采用能量法计算屈服位移值,方法如图9所示。
以试件的荷载-侧向位移骨架曲线为基础,绘制双直线ABBC,其中,BC为水平线且C点与荷载峰值点重合。令图形OA(骨架曲线OA段和直线段OA围成的图形)的面积等于三角形ABC的面积,从而得到B点位置,B点横坐标即为屈服位移。
位移延性系数总结于表3。所有试件的平均延性系数均大于对照试件或与其相当。
对比结果可知,钢丝网层数和高度的增加均有增大平均延性系数的趋势;尤其是试件2D-2的平均延性系数比对照试件S增大67%。这证明:如果能够避免试件2D-2的柱身拔出变形,可以期待钢丝网配置发挥出更为突出的延性增强效果。
这里提取每一级侧向位移的第一圈滞回曲线,计算其与横坐标轴围成的图形面积,得到每一级加载的耗能指标;进而将每个位移等级的耗能与之前各位移等级的耗能进行叠加可得累计耗能指标。表4为所有试件破坏时的累计能耗,图10为累计耗能的变化曲线。由图表可知,所有试件在加载初期的累计耗能增长一致;进入屈服阶段后,钢丝网增强试件相比于对照试件S累计耗能增长更快,而箍筋加密则对累计耗能增长速率的影响不明显。
由于钢丝网为1倍有效高度的两个试件均发生了剧烈的弯剪变形,增加钢丝网层数对其累计耗能的增长率影响不明显。但是,增加层数能够明显增大钢丝网为2倍有效高度试件的累计耗能增长率。如果能够防止钢丝网配置试件过早发生拔出变形,试件的累计耗能能力能够得到较大幅度增强。
本研究尝试埋入钢丝网包裹塑性铰钢筋骨架来增强RC柱的抗震性能。以钢丝网的布置高度和层数为参数,对6个柱试件实施了拟静力循环往复加载试验,分析了钢丝网配置对试件抗震性能的影响机制。根据试验结果和机制分析可得以下结论。
1)通过试件的开裂变形过程分析可得钢丝网对柱身抗震性能增强的机制:在距离柱底面2倍截面有效高度的范围内配置钢丝网能够有效限制柱身贯通裂缝和“对角裂缝”的形成和发展,增加弯曲裂缝的密度和分布高度范围,减小开裂程度,并使试件从弯剪破坏模式转变为弯曲破坏模式。而含钢量相同的箍筋加密试件和1倍有效高度的钢丝网布置不具备改变破坏模式的效果。因此,当采用埋入式钢丝网增强RC柱时,配置范围应为距离柱底面2倍横截面的有效高度。
2)由试验获得的各项抗震性能指标可知,本研究中钢丝网增强试件(钢丝网布置高度为2倍截面有效高度)的平均延性系数比对照试件最大增大67%,并且钢丝网布置不影响试件的初期刚度。另外,钢丝网配置能够防止试件破坏时荷载急剧下降的脆性行为。
3)钢丝网布置高度的增大能够增强试件的延性性能,试件刚度退化速率随着钢丝网层数的增加而降低,并且钢丝网层数的增加能够增大试件破坏时的残余刚度。对于钢丝网布置高度为2倍截面有效高度的试件,其累计耗能能力随着钢丝网层数的增加而增强。
4)钢丝网布置高度为2倍截面有效高度的试件由于过早发生柱身拔出变形,其试验结果未能充分展现钢丝网对柱身抗震性能的增强效果。今后应建立防止柱身连同底梁顶面被拔起的保护措施,进一步测试埋入式钢丝网对柱构件的抗震增强效果和应用方法。
5)本研究仅开展了试验研究,为进一步探讨钢丝网增强柱身抗震性能的机理,需要在后续的研究中增加数值模拟研究。同时,有待进一步探讨剪跨比、混凝土强度、配筋率和轴压比等参数对埋入式钢丝网增强混凝土柱抗震性能的影响。
  • 国家自然科学基金资助项目(51908248)
  • 江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20180620)
  • 江苏省“双创博士”资助项目((2019)30711)
  • 浙江大学城市学院城市基础设施智能化浙江省工程研究中心资助项目(IUI2022-YB-09)
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2025年第42卷第6期
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doi: 10.11776/j.issn.1000-4939.2025.06.012
  • 接收时间:2023-04-21
  • 首发时间:2026-03-27
  • 出版时间:2025-12-15
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  • 收稿日期:2023-04-21
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目(51908248)
江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20180620)
江苏省“双创博士”资助项目((2019)30711)
浙江大学城市学院城市基础设施智能化浙江省工程研究中心资助项目(IUI2022-YB-09)
作者信息
    1.江南大学纤维工程与装备技术学院,214401 无锡
    2.浙江大学城市学院城市基础设施智能化浙江省工程研究中心,310015 杭州

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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