Article(id=1244316347740565868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, issueId=1244316342938087728, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16285/j.rsm.2024.1553, pmid=null, cstr=32223.14.j.rsm.2024.1553, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1734451200000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-18, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1743609600000, acceptedDateStr=2025-04-03, onlineDate=1774597735580, onlineDateStr=2026-03-27, pubDate=1763049600000, pubDateStr=2025-11-14, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774597735580, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-27, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774597735580, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774597735580, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1244316342938087728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, year='2025', volume='46', issue='11', pageStart='3329', pageEnd='3672', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774597734436, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774597825220, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1244316723801862468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, issueId=1244316342938087728, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1244316723806056773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, issueId=1244316342938087728, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3637, endPage=3648, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1244316348197745027, articleId=1244316347740565868, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, language=EN, title=Stability and failure mode analysis of tunnel face in composite ground with upper sand and lower clay layers, columnId=1244316348088693118, journalTitle=Rock and Soil Mechanics, columnName=Numerical Analysis, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
To investigate the stability of the excavation face during tunnel traversal through an upper-sand-lower-clay composite stratum, centrifugal model tests and numerical simulations were combined to analyze the displacement variation in instability zones, profile characteristics of final instability zones, earth pressure evolution patterns, and ultimate support pressure under different stratigraphic boundary positions and burial depth ratios. Test results indicate: Significant instability occurs when the stratigraphic boundary is at the tunnel face center, while stability is maintained when the boundary is at the tunnel crown. Displacements concentrate in the upper sandy layer with negligible changes in the clay layer, demonstrating that initial instability disturbance influences subsequent instability zone development. Analysis of normalized vertical earth pressure and excavation face retreat displacement curves reveals that increased burial depth ratios and clay layer thickness enhance formation resistance to disturbances. Support pressure ratio-displacement curves for two instability cases exhibit three distinct stages, with the upper side central point of the excavation face reaching ultimate support pressure first. When the burial depth ratio increases from 1.0 to 1.5, the ultimate support pressure shows minimal change. 3D finite element simulations of the excavation process validate the ultimate support pressure, failure patterns in instability zones, and earth pressure evolution, with numerical results showing good agreement with experimental data.
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为研究隧道穿越上砂下黏复合地层时开挖面的稳定性,采用离心模型试验与数值模拟相结合的方法,得出了不同地层分界线与埋深比条件下的失稳区位移变化、最终失稳区轮廓特征、土压力变化规律以及开挖面极限支护力。试验结果表明:当地层分界线位于开挖面中心处时,开挖面前方土体随位移后撤发生失稳破坏;当分界线处于拱顶处时,开挖面前方土体始终保持稳定状态。失稳区位移都发生在上部砂土地层,黏土地层在后撤过程中几乎不发生变化,证明开挖面失稳初期土体受到的扰动会影响后续失稳区发展趋势。由归一化竖向土压力与开挖面后撤曲线分析可知,埋深比和下侧黏土地层厚度越大,地层抵抗扰动能力越强。对试验中发生失稳破坏的两组工况进行分析,发现开挖面支护应力比随归一化后撤位移的变化曲线存在3个阶段。两组工况均是开挖面上侧中心点支护力先达到极限值,且当埋深比由1.0增大到1.5时,极限支护力变化较小。通过对试验工况开挖过程进行三维有限元数值模拟,对开挖面极限支护力、失稳区破坏模式与土压力变化规律进行分析,数值分析结果与试验结果基本吻合。
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1.长安大学 公路学院,陕西 西安 710064, bio={"content":"
张昕晔,女,2001年生,硕士研究生,主要从事岩土工程方面的研究。E-mail:2023121136@chd.edu.cn
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张昕晔,女,2001年生,硕士研究生,主要从事岩土工程方面的研究。E-mail:2023121136@chd.edu.cn
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Schematic diagram of experimental apparatus, figureFileSmall=Rs+gHQVpEkF9q77l8FVqZQ==, figureFileBig=Jfje4kqnu6ZV6sllvnRaig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316361674044325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
试验装置示意图, figureFileSmall=Rs+gHQVpEkF9q77l8FVqZQ==, figureFileBig=Jfje4kqnu6ZV6sllvnRaig==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316361879565236, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Schematic of model box (unit: mm), figureFileSmall=zfFnOR6ZLusIE7ZRZ7mdXg==, figureFileBig=YDmbmXaJZxlohxmSbOrhXQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316361967645626, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
模型箱示意图(单位:mm), figureFileSmall=zfFnOR6ZLusIE7ZRZ7mdXg==, figureFileBig=YDmbmXaJZxlohxmSbOrhXQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316362093474755, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Particle gradation curves, figureFileSmall=kCLTdGVsf8zF2jekj5KSHw==, figureFileBig=HBMtJuSBVWYq7zzss5LQfw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316362189943755, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
颗粒级配曲线, figureFileSmall=kCLTdGVsf8zF2jekj5KSHw==, figureFileBig=HBMtJuSBVWYq7zzss5LQfw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316362307384273, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Schematic diagram of stratigraphic divisions, figureFileSmall=Xgk1/zE9NjxcAFqoJ8OZ5A==, figureFileBig=mfcbjvbRZES54oLf5wWvMA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316362416436186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=CN, label=图4, caption=
地层分界示意图, figureFileSmall=Xgk1/zE9NjxcAFqoJ8OZ5A==, figureFileBig=mfcbjvbRZES54oLf5wWvMA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316362521293792, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Layout schematic of earth pressure cells (unit: mm), figureFileSmall=hgIdt+SQs4izGDzMbE/zJA==, figureFileBig=0bEHFKdlx2oA4TpwaMQXQA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316362609374184, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=CN, label=图5, caption=
土压力盒布置示意图(单位:mm), figureFileSmall=hgIdt+SQs4izGDzMbE/zJA==, figureFileBig=0bEHFKdlx2oA4TpwaMQXQA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316362710037487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Displacement diagrams of G1 and G2, figureFileSmall=RAX3E1IvLETKd6LHit+lyw==, figureFileBig=jTh3sViBB27w0T5XmHB2AQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316362814895094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=CN, label=图6, caption=
G1与G2位移图, figureFileSmall=RAX3E1IvLETKd6LHit+lyw==, figureFileBig=jTh3sViBB27w0T5XmHB2AQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316362953307132, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Final outline drawings of G1−G4, figureFileSmall=HLrVAlLGXKFluPiaMASsUg==, figureFileBig=69qFpKDu1BB5+rSYpEf7EA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316363070746625, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=CN, label=图7, caption=
G1~G4最终轮廓图, figureFileSmall=HLrVAlLGXKFluPiaMASsUg==, figureFileBig=69qFpKDu1BB5+rSYpEf7EA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316363196575752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Retreat displacement-normalized vertical earth pressure curves, figureFileSmall=Z92uwPL/GV20xIX7K9BBvQ==, figureFileBig=Is6pohWAV3ENc2NheosbPg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316364744273938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=CN, label=图8, caption=
后撤位移-归一化竖向土压力曲线, figureFileSmall=Z92uwPL/GV20xIX7K9BBvQ==, figureFileBig=Is6pohWAV3ENc2NheosbPg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316364891074585, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=
Displacement- support stress ratio curves, figureFileSmall=ICwtMTuQepuBSYnXs5/MYw==, figureFileBig=JiwKlSUPMDweHHpjXHe/Og==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316365054652455, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=CN, label=图9, caption=
位移-支护应力比曲线, figureFileSmall=ICwtMTuQepuBSYnXs5/MYw==, figureFileBig=JiwKlSUPMDweHHpjXHe/Og==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316365159510063, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=
Schematic diagram of Abaqus 3D numerical model (unit: m), figureFileSmall=o1+td6EQc1BDwLVBYJbIrw==, figureFileBig=ENOLlm7ZaNDU/+RwoXR2QQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316365251784762, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=CN, label=图10, caption=
Abaqus 3D数值模拟模型示意图(单位:m), figureFileSmall=o1+td6EQc1BDwLVBYJbIrw==, figureFileBig=ENOLlm7ZaNDU/+RwoXR2QQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316365386002500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=
Support pressure ratio-displacement curves for G1 and G2, figureFileSmall=x9GBMoCRvXumr115lZ4IDg==, figureFileBig=LANhT889NG42UTuXTWjblA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316365532803150, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=CN, label=图11, caption=
G1与G2支护应力比-开挖面位移曲线, figureFileSmall=x9GBMoCRvXumr115lZ4IDg==, figureFileBig=LANhT889NG42UTuXTWjblA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316365662826584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=
Displacement-support pressure ratio curves for G3 and G4, figureFileSmall=+q9OsBd99rKNxMRbPQlZmg==, figureFileBig=53UyAXEI1q6BwPP6gry1gA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316365805432928, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=CN, label=图12, caption=
G3与G4开挖面位移-支护应力比曲线, figureFileSmall=+q9OsBd99rKNxMRbPQlZmg==, figureFileBig=53UyAXEI1q6BwPP6gry1gA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316365914484843, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=
Comparison of ultimate support pressure, figureFileSmall=9i5HRDMcwSN4Kg+GhiGp2w==, figureFileBig=VY8eI7L2VEPgkAT42Im8fg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316366015148148, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=CN, label=图13, caption=
极限支护力对比结果, figureFileSmall=9i5HRDMcwSN4Kg+GhiGp2w==, figureFileBig=VY8eI7L2VEPgkAT42Im8fg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316366115811451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=EN, label=Fig.14, caption=
Contour plot of instability zone from numerical simulation, figureFileSmall=1De1/BuO2Z0fUXBTb3g04g==, figureFileBig=UuUo+4huaXl7LMCkIB9igg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316366250029191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=CN, label=图14, caption=
数值模拟开挖面失稳区云图, figureFileSmall=1De1/BuO2Z0fUXBTb3g04g==, figureFileBig=UuUo+4huaXl7LMCkIB9igg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316366380052623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=EN, label=Fig.15, caption=
Comparison of displacement profiles in instability zone, figureFileSmall=+MD4twdCdpj1VjnKeLx1Dw==, figureFileBig=isOvzaJJdacWK3O8Z0dtgw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316366535241888, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=CN, label=图15, caption=
失稳区位移轮廓对比, figureFileSmall=+MD4twdCdpj1VjnKeLx1Dw==, figureFileBig=isOvzaJJdacWK3O8Z0dtgw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316366698819756, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=EN, label=Fig.16, caption=
Support pressure ratio-normalized earth pressure curves, figureFileSmall=0LJTc7hPNpTGSriMIhc6Zg==, figureFileBig=1I7mflEPJQovbC75e92rYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316366786900149, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=CN, label=图16, caption=
支护应力比-归一化土压力曲线, figureFileSmall=0LJTc7hPNpTGSriMIhc6Zg==, figureFileBig=1I7mflEPJQovbC75e92rYQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316366900146366, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=
Parameters of the test samples
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 地层 | 密度/(g·cm−3) | 内摩擦角/(°) | 黏聚力/kPa | 压缩模量/MPa | 泊松比 |
|---|
| 砂土 | 1.58 | 30 | 0 | 23 | 0.25 |
| 黏土 | 1.26 | 22 | 18 | 17 | 0.35 |
), ArticleFig(id=1244316367013392584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
试验土性参数
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 地层 | 密度/(g·cm−3) | 内摩擦角/(°) | 黏聚力/kPa | 压缩模量/MPa | 泊松比 |
|---|
| 砂土 | 1.58 | 30 | 0 | 23 | 0.25 |
| 黏土 | 1.26 | 22 | 18 | 17 | 0.35 |
), ArticleFig(id=1244316367118250192, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=
Working condition setting
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 工况编号 | 地层分界面 | 埋深比C/D |
|---|
| G1 | L2 | 1.0 |
| G2 | L2 | 1.5 |
| G3 | L1 | 1.0 |
| G4 | L1 | 1.5 |
), ArticleFig(id=1244316367218913493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347740565868, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
工况设置情况
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 工况编号 | 地层分界面 | 埋深比C/D |
|---|
| G1 | L2 | 1.0 |
| G2 | L2 | 1.5 |
| G3 | L1 | 1.0 |
| G4 | L1 | 1.5 |
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