Article(id=1244316347564405093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, issueId=1244316342938087728, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.16285/j.rsm.2024.00583, pmid=null, cstr=32223.14.j.rsm.2024.00583, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1733673600000, receivedDateStr=2024-12-09, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1746633600000, acceptedDateStr=2025-05-08, onlineDate=1774597735538, onlineDateStr=2026-03-27, pubDate=1763049600000, pubDateStr=2025-11-14, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1774597735538, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-03-27, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1774597735538, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774597735538, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1244316342938087728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, year='2025', volume='46', issue='11', pageStart='3329', pageEnd='3672', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1774597734436, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1774597825220, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1244316723801862468, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, issueId=1244316342938087728, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1244316723806056773, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, issueId=1244316342938087728, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=3549, endPage=3561, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1244316347883172212, articleId=1244316347564405093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, language=EN, title=Fractal characteristics of joint surface morphology of Pengshui shale and anisotropic characterization based on joint roughness coefficient, columnId=1244316343936332083, journalTitle=Rock and Soil Mechanics, columnName=Fundamental Theory and Experimental Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Quantitative characterization of the anisotropy of rock joint roughness is crucial for evaluating joint mechanical properties. However, the complex structure of joint surfaces and the limitations of current analytical methods pose significant challenges to roughness calculation and anisotropy evaluation. This study focuses on shale from the Pengshui area in Chongqing, China, combining fractal topography theory and the joint roughness coefficient (JRC) to characterize the anisotropy of joint surfaces. Using a 3D laser scanner, the morphology of joint surfaces from shale samples fractured in different directions was captured. JRC and Fractal Dimension (D) of joint profiles were then calculated in various directions to compare joint surface anisotropy. The results indicate that: (1) JRC, which considers both fractal properties and amplitude characteristics of joint profiles, shows a stronger correlation with fracture orientation than D. Using the bedding plane of shale as a reference, a larger angle between the reference plane and the fracturing direction results in a higher JRC value for the joint surface. (2) The JRC values for a single joint surface can be approximated by an elliptical fit, with the area of the ellipse increasing as the angle between the rock bedding and the fracturing direction increases. This implies that when the fracturing direction is perpendicular to the bedding plane, the fracture surface is rougher. This research provides a reference for characterizing joint surface anisotropy and offers guidance for understanding the relationship between fracturing direction and joint surface roughness.

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岩石节理粗糙度各向异性的定量表征对其力学特性的评估具有重要意义,然而,节理面形貌结构的复杂性以及现有分析方法的局限性给粗糙度计算及各向异性评估带来诸多挑战。以重庆彭水地区的页岩为研究对象,结合分形拓扑理论与节理粗糙度系数JRC(joint roughness coefficient)定量表征节理面形貌各向异性。首先,利用三维激光扫描仪获取了不同劈裂方向的页岩样品表面粗糙形貌;随后,在各个方向上计算了节理剖面线的JRC及分形维数D以比较节理面的各向异性特征。研究结果表明:(1)JRC综合考虑了节理剖面的分形特征与振幅特征,较分形维数D而言,与劈裂方向表现出更强的相关性,以页岩纹理面为参考面,该面与劈裂方向之间的夹角越大,节理面的JRC值越高。(2)单个节理面的JRC值分布可采用椭圆近似拟合,且该椭圆的面积随着纹理面与劈裂方向夹角的增大而增大,这表明当劈裂方向垂直于纹理面时,裂隙面更加粗糙。为岩石节理面各向异性特征的定量表征提供了方法参考,也为劈裂方向对节理面粗糙度控制机制的挖掘提供了新思路。

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牛然,男,1990年生,硕士,工程师,主要从事煤田地质及煤层气地质相关研究工作。E-mail:
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董佳斌,男,1990年生,博士,讲师,主要从事裂隙型多孔介质渗流、孔隙型介质定量表征方面的研究。E-mail:

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董佳斌,男,1990年生,博士,讲师,主要从事裂隙型多孔介质渗流、孔隙型介质定量表征方面的研究。E-mail:

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董佳斌,男,1990年生,博士,讲师,主要从事裂隙型多孔介质渗流、孔隙型介质定量表征方面的研究。E-mail:

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caption=Fracture surface morphology displayed using ParaView, figureFileSmall=XSLz73dSVx89qegwTw/wLw==, figureFileBig=SImgzmrhQV8Z1/+LLaT5kg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316371186725246, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=CN, label=图5, caption=采用ParaView展示的断裂面形貌, figureFileSmall=XSLz73dSVx89qegwTw/wLw==, figureFileBig=SImgzmrhQV8Z1/+LLaT5kg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316371333525899, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Fracture surface morphology after coordinate transformation, figureFileSmall=BIGn/wTKc0poxxqtC0i6tw==, figureFileBig=x18BxZ98XV5q98u1X90lhA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316371564212628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=CN, label=图6, caption=经过坐标变换后的断裂面形貌, figureFileSmall=BIGn/wTKc0poxxqtC0i6tw==, figureFileBig=x18BxZ98XV5q98u1X90lhA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316371690041754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Schematic diagram of contour extraction along 0° and 90° directions on the fracture surface, figureFileSmall=GL89olWtrCblTdN3bVIFsw==, figureFileBig=6/hN4lXod22E3XQNDHd+QA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316371920728483, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=CN, label=图7, caption=劈裂面沿0°与90°方向轮廓线提取示意图, figureFileSmall=GL89olWtrCblTdN3bVIFsw==, figureFileBig=6/hN4lXod22E3XQNDHd+QA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316372063334826, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=EN, label=Fig.8, caption=Results of fractal dimension for profile curves at each fracture angle, figureFileSmall=WDduVuVpjrM40x+4DLzezw==, figureFileBig=dfMTMchNyPK4mcsETXQl1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316372197552564, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=CN, label=图8, caption=不同劈裂角度下轮廓曲线的分形维数计算结果, figureFileSmall=WDduVuVpjrM40x+4DLzezw==, figureFileBig=dfMTMchNyPK4mcsETXQl1Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316373799776702, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=EN, label=Fig.9, caption=Results of JRC calculation for profiles at each fracture angle, figureFileSmall=/pzNpgBlo/6JXVAkYiLTkA==, figureFileBig=rOJyDKqWuPF2b6ISTIxhTQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316373917217221, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=CN, label=图9, caption=各劈裂角度下轮廓曲线的JRC计算结果, figureFileSmall=/pzNpgBlo/6JXVAkYiLTkA==, figureFileBig=rOJyDKqWuPF2b6ISTIxhTQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316374076600780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=EN, label=Fig.10, caption=Schematic diagram of extracting the anisotropic profiles of the cleavage surface, figureFileSmall=pLylz+VN5oasKVXYNQp+4w==, figureFileBig=O3glBjTCK22uVVOKNNA3kA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316374219207124, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=CN, label=图10, caption=劈裂面剖线提取方案示意图, figureFileSmall=pLylz+VN5oasKVXYNQp+4w==, figureFileBig=O3glBjTCK22uVVOKNNA3kA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316374382784988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=EN, label=Fig.11, caption=Extraction results of fracture surface 2-7-1 from different angles under the same coordinate scale, figureFileSmall=72OEwVNIpDmOPcMaoIY7cw==, figureFileBig=FX3tAq0CAZcn+k9tb23ZAA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316374491836898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=CN, label=图11, caption=2-7-1节理面沿不同方向提取的横截面形貌, figureFileSmall=72OEwVNIpDmOPcMaoIY7cw==, figureFileBig=FX3tAq0CAZcn+k9tb23ZAA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316374634443242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=EN, label=Fig.12, caption=Statistical results of fractal dimension calculation value of fracture surfaces, figureFileSmall=exHXy7qYNw4XNOXLlRjOHA==, figureFileBig=bhqa0J+R8DQxcmNJYLPo/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316374785438193, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=CN, label=图12, caption=节理面分形维数的统计分布, figureFileSmall=exHXy7qYNw4XNOXLlRjOHA==, figureFileBig=bhqa0J+R8DQxcmNJYLPo/g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316374911267320, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=EN, label=Fig.13, caption=Fractal dimension distribution along different directions for fracture surfaces, figureFileSmall=LNCyWeLyFdN89PtuCo2x9w==, figureFileBig=lDgAW32bQKkabSaq9zp7Sw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316375011930621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=CN, label=图13, caption=劈裂面沿不同方向上的分形维数分布, figureFileSmall=LNCyWeLyFdN89PtuCo2x9w==, figureFileBig=lDgAW32bQKkabSaq9zp7Sw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316375150342662, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=EN, label=Fig.14, caption=Statistical results of JRC calculation values of fracture surfaces, figureFileSmall=SJOyDwzpnsUMuciEKAMeHg==, figureFileBig=wvokDQdeX69DWvXH8lVLjA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316375297143309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=CN, label=图14, caption=劈裂面的JRC统计结果, figureFileSmall=SJOyDwzpnsUMuciEKAMeHg==, figureFileBig=wvokDQdeX69DWvXH8lVLjA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316375431361051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=EN, label=Fig.15, caption=Calculation results of JRC anisotropy of fracture surfaces, figureFileSmall=s3SG7+qdCqty2m9gDArcUw==, figureFileBig=dy2RJ3guRu5qU66QgCj0Fg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316375565578781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=CN, label=图15, caption=节理面各向异性的JRC计算结果, figureFileSmall=s3SG7+qdCqty2m9gDArcUw==, figureFileBig=dy2RJ3guRu5qU66QgCj0Fg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316375699796516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=EN, label=Fig.16, caption=Schematic diagrams of the ellipse fit to the JRC data of the anisotropic profiles of the cleavage surface, figureFileSmall=C95MyZFmvLFF+awdVlhhiQ==, figureFileBig=VwsmRsE6pakdSYnm43sJRA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316375783682606, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=CN, label=图16, caption=劈裂面各向异性轮廓的JRC数据椭圆拟合示意图, figureFileSmall=C95MyZFmvLFF+awdVlhhiQ==, figureFileBig=VwsmRsE6pakdSYnm43sJRA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316375938871858, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=EN, label=Fig.17, caption=Relationship between cleavage angle and fitted ellipse eccentricity, figureFileSmall=fYQsNg2k/kX31ugGnDrzSg==, figureFileBig=VnUzQuryeCsOJeISstFeBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316376056312381, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=CN, label=图17, caption=劈裂角与椭圆偏心率的关系, figureFileSmall=fYQsNg2k/kX31ugGnDrzSg==, figureFileBig=VnUzQuryeCsOJeISstFeBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316376219890249, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=EN, label=Fig.18, caption=Relationship between cleavage angle and fitted ellipse area, figureFileSmall=VhbdEFRVNUBW/NHtlo5oUQ==, figureFileBig=gvRi3nOjbZa0IuqQJxo2Ug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316376383468113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=CN, label=图18, caption=劈裂角与JRC拟合椭圆面积的关系, figureFileSmall=VhbdEFRVNUBW/NHtlo5oUQ==, figureFileBig=gvRi3nOjbZa0IuqQJxo2Ug==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1244316376534463065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Ten standard JRC curves

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号JRC曲线类型JRC反算值
10~20.4
22~42.8
34~65.8
46~86.7
58~109.5
610~1210.8
712~1412.8
814~1614.5
916~1816.7
1018~2018.7
), ArticleFig(id=1244316376605766242, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

十条标准JRC曲线

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
编号JRC曲线类型JRC反算值
10~20.4
22~42.8
34~65.8
46~86.7
58~109.5
610~1210.8
712~1412.8
814~1614.5
916~1816.7
1018~2018.7
), ArticleFig(id=1244316376744178282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Fitted results of H and C for the Barton curves

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
节理面序号JRC H C
10~20.904 80.031 6
22~40.452 70.027 8
34~60.611 10.061 5
46~80.575 20.062 4
58~100.646 50.081 6
610~120.836 50.145 6
712~140.802 70.138 7
814~160.867 70.200 0
916~180.757 80.163 3
1018~200.732 90.189 7
), ArticleFig(id=1244316378283487855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

巴顿曲线拟合所得HC

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
节理面序号JRC H C
10~20.904 80.031 6
22~40.452 70.027 8
34~60.611 10.061 5
46~80.575 20.062 4
58~100.646 50.081 6
610~120.836 50.145 6
712~140.802 70.138 7
814~160.867 70.200 0
916~180.757 80.163 3
1018~200.732 90.189 7
), ArticleFig(id=1244316378426094197, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Related parameters of splitting test samples

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序数劈裂角度/(°)几何尺寸轴向力-变形轴向应力-轴向应变
圆柱直径/mm样品高度/mm最大压力/kN变形/mm最大应力/MPa应变/10−3
第1组PL-1-1050.4060.301.0330.0830.3401.650
PL-1-21549.7060.106.5370.0172.1880.337
PL-1-33050.1060.508.4430.0982.7851.950
PL-1-44550.2060.606.4740.0842.1281.670
PL-1-56050.1060.2013.8740.2624.6005.230
PL-1-67550.3060.9212.4260.4024.0558.000
PL-1-79050.0259.7017.6610.2275.9144.530
第2组PL-2-1049.7060.402.0460.0690.8021.380
PL-2-21550.2060.045.9540.1651.9753.290
PL-2-33049.9660.509.4420.0853.1241.690
PL-2-44550.1060.509.8280.0873.2421.750
PL-2-56050.2060.508.2250.1392.7082.760
PL-2-67550.6460.309.9220.1813.2493.570
PL-2-79050.2060.6411.390.1123.7422.230
), ArticleFig(id=1244316378543534712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

劈裂试验中相关参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
序数劈裂角度/(°)几何尺寸轴向力-变形轴向应力-轴向应变
圆柱直径/mm样品高度/mm最大压力/kN变形/mm最大应力/MPa应变/10−3
第1组PL-1-1050.4060.301.0330.0830.3401.650
PL-1-21549.7060.106.5370.0172.1880.337
PL-1-33050.1060.508.4430.0982.7851.950
PL-1-44550.2060.606.4740.0842.1281.670
PL-1-56050.1060.2013.8740.2624.6005.230
PL-1-67550.3060.9212.4260.4024.0558.000
PL-1-79050.0259.7017.6610.2275.9144.530
第2组PL-2-1049.7060.402.0460.0690.8021.380
PL-2-21550.2060.045.9540.1651.9753.290
PL-2-33049.9660.509.4420.0853.1241.690
PL-2-44550.1060.509.8280.0873.2421.750
PL-2-56050.2060.508.2250.1392.7082.760
PL-2-67550.6460.309.9220.1813.2493.570
PL-2-79050.2060.6411.390.1123.7422.230
), ArticleFig(id=1244316378660975233, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

The maximum and minimum D and corresponding directions of fractured surfaces

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
节理面编号最小分形维数角度/(°)最大分形维数角度/(°)JRC变化范围
第1组的左侧节理面1-1-11.130 2901.388 11650.257 9
1-2-11.073 41051.230 8150.157 4
1-3-11.112 1901.306 01050.193 9
1-4-11.062 3901.294 8450.232 5
1-5-11.038 0901.222 41050.184 4
1-6-11.044 61201.229 9150.185 3
1-7-11.046 5451.272 51350.226 0
第1组的右侧节理面1-1-21.136 401.226 31650.089 9
1-2-21.065 91051.281 71650.215 8
1-3-21.121 0901.332 1150.211 1
1-4-21.071 9751.390 2150.318 3
1-5-21.018 2751.178 200.160 0
1-6-21.055 7151.255 81200.200 1
1-7-21.010 01651.325 1450.315 1
第2组的左侧节理面2-1-11.115 3601.180 91050.065 6
2-2-11.165 31651.273 2600.107 9
2-3-11.052 6751.364 01650.311 4
2-4-11.103 31051.251 5300.148 2
2-5-11.095 5751.280 3600.184 8
2-6-11.017 9751.158 31500.140 4
2-7-11.083 9151.193 21050.109 3
第2组的右侧节理面2-1-21.126 1751.212 1300.086 0
2-2-21.175 9901.322 91500.147 0
2-3-21.073 31051.249 01650.175 7
2-4-21.114 71201.277 61500.162 9
2-5-21.088 8901.267 7750.178 9
2-6-21.064 6601.253 5300.188 9
2-7-21.062 21651.168 6750.106 4
), ArticleFig(id=1244316378799387272, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

节理面在不同方向上的最大最小分形维数统计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
节理面编号最小分形维数角度/(°)最大分形维数角度/(°)JRC变化范围
第1组的左侧节理面1-1-11.130 2901.388 11650.257 9
1-2-11.073 41051.230 8150.157 4
1-3-11.112 1901.306 01050.193 9
1-4-11.062 3901.294 8450.232 5
1-5-11.038 0901.222 41050.184 4
1-6-11.044 61201.229 9150.185 3
1-7-11.046 5451.272 51350.226 0
第1组的右侧节理面1-1-21.136 401.226 31650.089 9
1-2-21.065 91051.281 71650.215 8
1-3-21.121 0901.332 1150.211 1
1-4-21.071 9751.390 2150.318 3
1-5-21.018 2751.178 200.160 0
1-6-21.055 7151.255 81200.200 1
1-7-21.010 01651.325 1450.315 1
第2组的左侧节理面2-1-11.115 3601.180 91050.065 6
2-2-11.165 31651.273 2600.107 9
2-3-11.052 6751.364 01650.311 4
2-4-11.103 31051.251 5300.148 2
2-5-11.095 5751.280 3600.184 8
2-6-11.017 9751.158 31500.140 4
2-7-11.083 9151.193 21050.109 3
第2组的右侧节理面2-1-21.126 1751.212 1300.086 0
2-2-21.175 9901.322 91500.147 0
2-3-21.073 31051.249 01650.175 7
2-4-21.114 71201.277 61500.162 9
2-5-21.088 8901.267 7750.178 9
2-6-21.064 6601.253 5300.188 9
2-7-21.062 21651.168 6750.106 4
), ArticleFig(id=1244316378921022094, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

The maximum value and the direction of JRC of fracture surfaces

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
节理面编号JRC最小值方向/(°)JRC最大值方向/(°)JRC变化范围
第1组的左侧节理面1-1-11.671656.35904.68
1-2-14.103017.429013.32
1-3-12.8008.46905.66
1-4-14.624511.01756.39
1-5-12.97039.8610536.89
1-6-18.471541.717533.24
1-7-15.0515042.844537.79
第1组的右侧节理面1-1-22.981656.3903.41
1-2-23.9316515.089011.15
1-3-22.591056.88904.29
1-4-24.1513511.41757.26
1-5-22.66072.967570.30
1-6-212.747537.412024.66
1-7-26.2416561.0216554.78
第2组的左侧节理面2-1-12.4105.25902.84
2-2-13.03605.491202.46
2-3-14.6815023.247518.56
2-4-17.04021.927514.88
2-5-113.93027.127513.19
2-6-14.6516571.777567.12
2-7-110.094526.4912016.40
第2组的右侧节理面2-1-22.3206.18903.86
2-2-23.201657.28904.08
2-3-25.0016517.8410512.84
2-4-26.89021.3910514.50
2-5-213.97029.229015.25
2-6-24.7216523.277518.55
2-7-213.124526.7815013.66
), ArticleFig(id=1244316379051045524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1244215477623373855, articleId=1244316347564405093, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

节理面JRC的最大、最小值及其所在角度

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
节理面编号JRC最小值方向/(°)JRC最大值方向/(°)JRC变化范围
第1组的左侧节理面1-1-11.671656.35904.68
1-2-14.103017.429013.32
1-3-12.8008.46905.66
1-4-14.624511.01756.39
1-5-12.97039.8610536.89
1-6-18.471541.717533.24
1-7-15.0515042.844537.79
第1组的右侧节理面1-1-22.981656.3903.41
1-2-23.9316515.089011.15
1-3-22.591056.88904.29
1-4-24.1513511.41757.26
1-5-22.66072.967570.30
1-6-212.747537.412024.66
1-7-26.2416561.0216554.78
第2组的左侧节理面2-1-12.4105.25902.84
2-2-13.03605.491202.46
2-3-14.6815023.247518.56
2-4-17.04021.927514.88
2-5-113.93027.127513.19
2-6-14.6516571.777567.12
2-7-110.094526.4912016.40
第2组的右侧节理面2-1-22.3206.18903.86
2-2-23.201657.28904.08
2-3-25.0016517.8410512.84
2-4-26.89021.3910514.50
2-5-213.97029.229015.25
2-6-24.7216523.277518.55
2-7-213.124526.7815013.66
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彭水页岩节理面形貌的分形特征及基于节理粗糙度系数的各向异性表征
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董佳斌 1, 2 , 鲁一帆 1 , 金毅 1, 2, 3 , 董文浩 1 , 侯鹏 4 , 刘顺喜 1 , 牛然 5
岩土力学 | 基础理论与实验研究 2025,46(11): 3549-3561
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岩土力学 | 基础理论与实验研究 2025, 46(11): 3549-3561
彭水页岩节理面形貌的分形特征及基于节理粗糙度系数的各向异性表征
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董佳斌1, 2 , 鲁一帆1, 金毅1, 2, 3, 董文浩1, 侯鹏4, 刘顺喜1, 牛然5
作者信息
  • 1.河南理工大学 资源环境学院,河南 焦作 454003
  • 2.河南理工大学 河南省煤系非常规资源成藏与开发重点实验室,河南 焦作 454003
  • 3.河南理工大学 河煤炭安全生产与清洁高效利用省部共建协同创新中心,河南 焦作 454003
  • 4.武汉大学 土木建筑工程学院,湖北 武汉 430072
  • 5.河南省地质研究院,河南 郑州 450016
  • 董佳斌,男,1990年生,博士,讲师,主要从事裂隙型多孔介质渗流、孔隙型介质定量表征方面的研究。E-mail:

通讯作者:

牛然,男,1990年生,硕士,工程师,主要从事煤田地质及煤层气地质相关研究工作。E-mail:
Fractal characteristics of joint surface morphology of Pengshui shale and anisotropic characterization based on joint roughness coefficient
Jia-bin DONG1, 2 , Yi-fang LU1, Yi JIN1, 2, 3, Wen-hao DONG1, Peng HOU4, Shun-xi LIU1, Ran NIU5
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Resources and Environment, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China
  • 2.Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Measure Unconventional Resources Accumulation and Exploitation, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China
  • 3.Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, Henan 454003, China
  • 4.School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China
  • 5.Henan Academy of Geology, Zhengzhou, Henan 450016, China
出版时间: 2025-11-14 doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2024.00583
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岩石节理粗糙度各向异性的定量表征对其力学特性的评估具有重要意义,然而,节理面形貌结构的复杂性以及现有分析方法的局限性给粗糙度计算及各向异性评估带来诸多挑战。以重庆彭水地区的页岩为研究对象,结合分形拓扑理论与节理粗糙度系数JRC(joint roughness coefficient)定量表征节理面形貌各向异性。首先,利用三维激光扫描仪获取了不同劈裂方向的页岩样品表面粗糙形貌;随后,在各个方向上计算了节理剖面线的JRC及分形维数D以比较节理面的各向异性特征。研究结果表明:(1)JRC综合考虑了节理剖面的分形特征与振幅特征,较分形维数D而言,与劈裂方向表现出更强的相关性,以页岩纹理面为参考面,该面与劈裂方向之间的夹角越大,节理面的JRC值越高。(2)单个节理面的JRC值分布可采用椭圆近似拟合,且该椭圆的面积随着纹理面与劈裂方向夹角的增大而增大,这表明当劈裂方向垂直于纹理面时,裂隙面更加粗糙。为岩石节理面各向异性特征的定量表征提供了方法参考,也为劈裂方向对节理面粗糙度控制机制的挖掘提供了新思路。

分形拓扑  /  分形维数  /  劈裂面  /  粗糙度  /  各向异性

Quantitative characterization of the anisotropy of rock joint roughness is crucial for evaluating joint mechanical properties. However, the complex structure of joint surfaces and the limitations of current analytical methods pose significant challenges to roughness calculation and anisotropy evaluation. This study focuses on shale from the Pengshui area in Chongqing, China, combining fractal topography theory and the joint roughness coefficient (JRC) to characterize the anisotropy of joint surfaces. Using a 3D laser scanner, the morphology of joint surfaces from shale samples fractured in different directions was captured. JRC and Fractal Dimension (D) of joint profiles were then calculated in various directions to compare joint surface anisotropy. The results indicate that: (1) JRC, which considers both fractal properties and amplitude characteristics of joint profiles, shows a stronger correlation with fracture orientation than D. Using the bedding plane of shale as a reference, a larger angle between the reference plane and the fracturing direction results in a higher JRC value for the joint surface. (2) The JRC values for a single joint surface can be approximated by an elliptical fit, with the area of the ellipse increasing as the angle between the rock bedding and the fracturing direction increases. This implies that when the fracturing direction is perpendicular to the bedding plane, the fracture surface is rougher. This research provides a reference for characterizing joint surface anisotropy and offers guidance for understanding the relationship between fracturing direction and joint surface roughness.

fractal topography  /  fractal dimension  /  fracture surface  /  roughness  /  anisotropy
董佳斌, 鲁一帆, 金毅, 董文浩, 侯鹏, 刘顺喜, 牛然. 彭水页岩节理面形貌的分形特征及基于节理粗糙度系数的各向异性表征. 岩土力学, 2025 , 46 (11) : 3549 -3561 . DOI: 10.16285/j.rsm.2024.00583
Jia-bin DONG, Yi-fang LU, Yi JIN, Wen-hao DONG, Peng HOU, Shun-xi LIU, Ran NIU. Fractal characteristics of joint surface morphology of Pengshui shale and anisotropic characterization based on joint roughness coefficient[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2025 , 46 (11) : 3549 -3561 . DOI: 10.16285/j.rsm.2024.00583
岩石在沉积、埋藏与成岩作用的长期演化过程中形成显著各向异性的非连续体;构造应力场进一步加剧了其结构面粗糙度与空间非均质性特征[1-2]。深入研究岩石节理粗糙度各向异性,对于揭示岩体力学响应机制和流体渗流行为具有重要意义:力学上,它主导着岩体的变形破坏过程;水动力学上,它决定着地下储层中诸如页岩气、煤层气等非常规能源的运移路径与赋存状态[3-5]。然而,实际勘查结果表明,岩石裂隙系统中广泛发育形貌复杂、尺度多变的劈裂面结构,传统统计方法在面对这类强非线性、方向性显著的粗糙特征时,难以实现准确有效的各向异性描述[6-8]。这一固有局限削弱了粗糙度各向异性评估的精度,因此,亟需建立一种高精度的岩石劈裂面粗糙度表征方法,揭示构造应力驱动下粗糙特征的各向异性演化机制,以期为非常规油气资源,如页岩气、煤层气储层裂隙结构表征及渗流研究提供试验支撑与理论依据。
劈裂面粗糙度制约着结构面间的摩擦系数,进而决定岩体的抗剪强度、变形特性及稳定性等力学特征,因此,节理粗糙度的表征得到了学术界的广泛关注和研究。Barton[9]率先提出了基于节理粗糙度系数JRC(joint roughness coefficient)的定量表征体系;随后,Barton等[10]建立了JRC标准参考值体系。Andrade等[11]对变质岩JRC的多种计算方法进行了对比研究;Kumar等[12]构建了一个基于粗糙度影响的剪切行为预测模型。随后,Wu等[13]系统研究了劈裂面粗糙度对岩石剪切机制的影响。然而,传统方法多依赖于劈裂面形貌的人工对比来估算JRC值,存在显著的主观性与尺度依赖性问题。
Mandelbrot等[14]提出分形几何理论,转变了分形的研究范式,分形维数D被确立为一种稳健的粗糙度量化指标。Kruhl[15]系统综述了分形理论在复杂岩石结构分析中的应用,Stigsson等[16]将分形维数D引入裂隙粗糙度建模中作为关键参数。近年来的研究表明,JRC与分形参数之间存在复杂的非线性关系,Carr[17]、Yu[18]等相继提出了经验性的D–JRC的关系模型。Lee等[19]通过分析天然剖面验证了二者之间的显著相关性,并据此建立了JRC的数值评估方法。Odling[20]、Li等[21]进一步完善了该模型,提出了定量的D–JRC转换关系。然而,传统的分形维数计算方法基于测量尺度与特征长度的幂律拟合,无法有效识别自仿射结构中不同方向的尺度变化,从而难以准确表征节理粗糙度的各向异性特征。为此,Jin等[22]提出了分形拓扑理论,使得不同方向上尺度特征的判识成为可能,提升了自仿射分形对象的表征能力。此外,单一参数体系在粗糙度评价中的可靠性问题依然突出,研究正逐步迈向多参数融合的表征框架,其中分形拓扑理论作为一种多维度参数量化工具,在综合粗糙度表征中展现出显著优势。
同一结构面的粗糙形貌沿不同采样方向表现出显著的各向异性,这种内在的各向异性特征在粗糙度表征与评估过程中将进一步导致计算结果的不唯一性。针对结构面粗糙度的各向异性特征,开展了大量研究工作。Roko等[23]运用分形理论分析了剖面粗糙度的各向异性;Bae等[24]系统研究了结构面上JRC值随方向性的变化特征。Yan等[25]引入基于平均等效高差的各向异性参数AAHD,捕捉了节理面粗糙度的方向性差异。Xie等[26]通过分析天然裂隙表面分形维数的各向异性,实现了裂隙渗流行为随方向性变异的定量表征。此外,Huang等[27]采用小波分割方法对3种岩性的天然节理进行了分段分析,借助变异系数定量判识了其各向异性特征,进一步强调了节理粗糙度的方向依赖性。广泛的研究充分表明岩石结构面形貌各向异性是岩石力学及流体运移行为研究中的重点问题[28]
因此,本文融合分形拓扑理论在表征尺度不变特征上的优势与现有节理粗糙度评估方法中单参数表征不准的现状,开展岩体结构面粗糙度定量表征的研究,分析表面沿各个方向的粗糙度变化并建立其与节理面各向异性之间的关系。研究以重庆彭水地区的页岩样品为研究对象,利用三维激光扫描仪获取了不同方向劈裂角度下的页岩劈裂面表面形貌,计算剖线上分形维数和JRC,对比分析两者沿不同方向上的分布特征,借助椭圆方程拟合其分布特征,查明了结构面粗糙度及其各向异性受劈裂角度的控制。结果表明,JRC值在表征劈裂面各向异性方面具有更强的适用性。
在深入挖掘传统分形理论的基础上,Jin等[22]提出了分形拓扑理论,实现了自相同、自相似及自仿射结构等随机分形对象的统一定义,为分形对象的尺度不变性提供了系统性的解释。他们的研究表明,分形属性可通过两个尺度不变参数——缩放间隙度P和缩放覆盖率F进行有效表征,并对这两个参数作了如下定义:
式中:缩放间隙度P为同一分形体内两个连续尺度对象G之间的特征尺度比;lili+1分别为相应的特征尺度;而缩放覆盖率F表示对应尺度对象的数量(N)比。由式(1)、(2)可知,PF均具有严格的尺度不变性,是与缩放对象G无关的无量纲参数,能够唯一地表征分形行为。因此,其分形拓扑可表示为ΩPF)。
自然界中确定性分形行为极少,分形对象通常表现为随机性、非均质性、各向异性以及多重分形等复杂特征。为厘清这些复杂性,Jin等[29]在原有狭义分形拓扑理论的基础上进行拓展,提出了广义分形拓扑理论。在这一广义框架中,自仿射分形的形式被定义为,其中ζ为尺度因子,H为Hurst指数。基于缩放覆盖率P的定义,Hurst指数H可通过下式表示:
式中:PxPy分别为在x方向与y方向上的尺度间隙度。
利用该公式,Dong等[30]采用分离水平方向与垂直方向尺度信息的方式改进了自仿射剖面中Hurst指数计算方法,其形式如下:
式中:δh为水平尺度,通过变步长划分获得;Vδh)为对应于δh的等效竖直高度;C为常数。在Dong等[30]的研究中,式(4)在Weierstrass-Mandelbrot函数和分数布朗随机过程中得到了验证,同时表明该方法具有较高的准确性与计算效率。因此,本文剖切节理面所得粗糙曲线的Hurst指数采用式(4)进行计算,结合D≈2−H可近似得到剖面曲线的分形维数[30]
Barton[9]于1973年首次提出节理粗糙度系数JRC的概念,用于量化结构面粗糙度。通过对岩石样本进行的136次剪切试验,Barton等[10]选取了10条标准结构面剖面曲线,JRC的值为0~20。通过对样本与这10条标准节理形貌的相似性,从而评估样本的JRC。此后,众多用于定量计算JRC的模型被提出,主要采用坡度均方根、结构函数、粗糙度剖面指数及分形维数等中间变量进行计算[31-33]
基于式(4)以及表1所示的10条标准曲线的数字化数据,计算了其对应的Hurst指数和系数C(如表2所示)。通过形态对比与理论分析发现,H控制着曲线频率变化的速率,C主要反映粗糙剖面在空间中的高度信息,分析JRC与CH的关系可得
十条标准剖面的JRC值分别设定为1、3、5、7、9、11、13、15、17和19,其中最光滑曲线对应的JRC范围为0~2,平均值为1。利用式(5)建立的JRC方程以及所评估的HC值,计算了每条劈裂面剖面的JRC。对比计算所得JRC与原始JRC,如图1所示,所有数据均紧密分布在y=x的趋势线附近,进一步表明式(5)计算结果与Barton数值相同。
本研究旨在定量表征与评估岩石裂隙面的粗糙度及各向异性。单一节理面难以揭示应力分布对粗糙度各向异性的控制机制,因此试验选取重庆东南彭水地区的页岩样品,共加工了20个规则的圆柱体试件,直径约为50 mm,高度约为60 mm。在此基础上,选出14个完整致密、纹理发育良好的页岩样品,见图2,用于开展巴西劈裂试验,图中,红线表示劈裂,蓝色的线表示页岩纹理方向。根据页岩纹理方向,将页岩岩心样品分为两组:劈裂组1和劈裂组2,每组包含编号为1~7的试件。各试件中纹理方向与加载方向的夹角分别为0°、15°、30°、45°、60°、75°和90°。
试样预处理之后,采用RMT-150C岩石力学试验系统进行了巴西劈裂试验,并获取相应的劈裂面(见图3,图中,FN为施加到页岩样品的力,θ为劈裂角)。RMT-150C是一款数字控制的电液伺服试验机,专为岩石、混凝土等材料的力学性能测试而设计。该系统由多个传感器、液压动力源、手动控制器、数字控制器及系统软件组成,具有优良的控制性能和高度自动化水平,可开展单轴压缩、单轴间接拉伸、三轴压缩及剪切等多种岩石力学试验,满足本研究的试验需求。巴西劈裂试验的操作步骤如图3所示。
(1)准备试样,清洁其表面以及上下压板和钢丝垫条。将下边垫块平稳放入试验装置中,并将钢丝垫条稳固地嵌入其指定槽内。
(2)将圆柱形试样置入试验装置中,进行轴向找正,确保钢垫块、钢丝以及圆盘试样位置及方位正确。施加预载荷,直至两侧的力传感器在等压作用下刚好与试样接触。
(3)启动劈裂试验,并开启声发射采集装置。以预定加载速率逐步增加载荷,直至裂缝贯穿试样。当试样发生劈裂时,立即停止试验机并关闭声发射分析仪。保存破裂后的试样并记录试验数据,供后续分析。
劈裂过程中测量并记录了劈裂角以及峰值载荷等关键参数(见图4表3)。结果表明,劈裂角显著影响峰值载荷。总体上,随着劈裂角的增大,即加载方向与纹理面方向的偏离程度增大,峰值载荷相应增加。
本研究采用KSCAN20三维点云数据采集系统对劈裂试验后的每个节理面进行扫描。扫描过程中需注意,激光偶尔会超出节理面范围,产生大量噪点;此外,由于节理面粗糙形貌较为复杂,一些局部区域可能会被遮挡或遗漏,为此,系统内置的“孔洞填补”功能可有效修复扫描结果,同时还配有“贴片”和“平滑”等基本后处理功能。
扫描得到的初始点云数据的分布趋势往往与水平面不对齐(见图5),且节理面长轴方向各不一致,这为统一方向上的切面选取及进一步的表面各向异性分析带来困难。因此,本研究采用开源软件ParaView(https://www.paraview.org/)对点云数据进行了进一步处理。从法向方向观察,节理面整体呈近似矩形,但边缘与参考平面并不平行(见图5)。这种不对齐源于扫描器与节理面在扫描过程中的相对位置关系。为便于统一样品方向,保证节理面剖线选取方位的一致性,必须将点云坐标对齐至规则的三维参考坐标系中:即将节理面的长轴方向对齐为y轴,短轴对齐为x轴,法向对齐到z轴(见图6)。
为研究劈裂角度对裂隙面粗糙度的影响,本文选取分形维数与JRC两个参数作为定量分析参数。从每个裂隙面的中心区域提取水平(0°)与垂直(90°)方向的剖面线,如图7所示,其中0°方向平行于劈裂面的长轴,90°方向平行于劈裂面短轴。分形维数通过式(4)进行计算。图8展示了不同劈裂角度下两侧劈裂面在水平和垂直方向上剖面线的分形维数计算结果。粗糙度分布表明,这些剖面线的分形维数D介于1.0~1.3之间。
样品的底面及其对应的顶面源于同一节理,理论上应具有相似或一致的表面形貌。然而,在劈裂和扫描过程中,一些小的岩块不可避免地会从大样本中松动或脱落,导致形成两组表面不完全相同。图8中,劈裂面1和劈裂面2分别表示底面的分形维数及其对应的顶面的分形维数。对于同一个样品,上下端面所得分形维数表现出相似的变化趋势。
图9进一步对比了JRC与劈裂角之间的关系。与图8相似,底面与其对应顶面的JRC值基本一致。但不同的是,图9中JRC值与劈裂角之间呈现出上升趋势,特别是在第2组数据中(图9(b)和9(d))表现得更加显著。在水平与垂直两个方向上,JRC随着劈裂角的增大而增加。
第1组试样中,样品在劈裂后出现较为显著的形貌差异,其原因可能是样品破碎现象较发育,从而导致一定的计算误差。此外,该组也显示出劈裂角与JRC值之间存在正相关关系。因此,可以推断:施加力的方向与劈裂面之间的夹角对劈裂过程中形成的裂隙表面粗糙特征具有显著影响。具体而言,在较小角度下,即加载方向与纹理面趋于平行时,劈裂所需的力较小,裂面相对光滑;而随着角度的增大,断裂所需压力也随之增大,从而形成更粗糙的裂隙面。
图9中红色参考线表示JRC = 20。尽管Barton曲线的JRC范围为0~20,但由于岩石节理表面具有较大起伏特征,部分计算得到的JRC值可能超过该上限。
评估结构面粗糙度各向异性的重要步骤是提取其轮廓曲线。具体流程如下:将圆柱状试件劈裂后,所得裂面轮廓近似处理为矩形。经过坐标变换获得近似水平的裂隙节理面,如图10所示。随后,在该表面上以15°的间隔布设12条剖面线,提取粗糙轮廓曲线。最后,采用所提出的JRC计算方法,分别计算每条轮廓曲线对应的JRC和分形维数D值。
为方便对比岩石节理面不同方向上剖面的粗糙度,采用“1-3-2”格式标记粗糙曲线。其中,第1个数字“1”表示样品组编号(共2组,因此该值为“1”或“2”);第2个数字“3”表示第3个节理面(对应的劈裂角度为0°、15°、30°、……、90°中30°所对应的节理面);第3个数字“2”表示劈裂样品的右块体。根据图10所示的剖面提取示意图,随机选取一个劈裂面,比较不同方向上轮廓形态的差异(见图11)。结果表明,相邻角度的曲线形态具有相似的趋势,但随着提取角度的变化,截面逐渐呈现出明显差异。
根据式(4)和D≈2-H,粗糙剖面的分形维数列于表4中,其直方图和分布分别展示在图1213中。从图12的分布图可以明显看出,D的变化范围为0~1.40,大多集中在1.1~1.2之间。该结果与以往研究结论一致[34-36],也验证了计算方法的可靠性。对该分布的拟合表明D近似服从正态分布,平均值为1.159 9,标准差为0.067 9。在图13中,第1行的两幅图表示第1组样品的分形维数,第2行是第2组节理的数据。图中左右分别展示左侧和右侧块体的数据。由于多数D聚集在1.15附近,不同劈裂角度下节理间的D值差异不显著。然而,不同方向上的D仍然存在各向异性特征,为此本文还计算了各剖面的JRC值,并在图1415中进行了对比分析。
图14展示了所有剖面的JRC分布情况。除少数实际存在的特例外(其JRC值异常偏高,在40~70之间,见表5),大多数JRC值均小于30,且多数集中在20以下。从JRC的变化范围可以看出,其分布并不服从正态分布。由于拟合所采用原始JRC范围为0~20,当JRC值超过20时,其与实际岩体节理力学性质之间的对应关系可能变得不准确,从而导致在工程实践中较高的JRC值失去实际意义。因此,将该模型应用于远高于20的JRC值时,可能会产生误差。但由于这类离群值数量较少,且目前尚无更好的校正方法,故在统计分析中仍予以保留。
图13相比,图15展示的是两组样品劈裂面在各方向上的JRC值分布。在JRC的整体分布中,劈裂角较小的剖面分布在图形中心区域,而劈裂角较大的剖面则分布在外围,说明JRC值随着劈裂角的增大而逐渐升高。这一趋势在图15底部的两张图中更为显著。
若一个节理面表现为各向同性,则JRC在不同方向上应近似相同,并在以平均JRC为半径的圆环附近分布。然而,在图15的4张图中,JRC呈现椭圆形分布。其中较大的JRC值主要集中在45°~135°方向之间,而较小的值则集中在150°~225°之间。JRC最大值集中在特定角度区间,可能受到岩层纹理面的影响。地质作用力使岩层中的矿物沿纹理方向排列,从而对物理性质(如粗糙度)产生定向性作用。
对JRC各向异性分布的分析显示:当劈裂角小于30°时,JRC值相对较小且变化幅度较窄,这可能是因为在小角度劈裂时,节理的形成及其粗糙度主要受控于岩石的纹理面;而当劈裂角大于30°时,JRC随角度增加而升高,表面的形成则是由纹理面与劈裂角的共同作用所致。
对于结果中的少数离群值,如1-2-1劈裂面在90°方向出现的异常高JRC值,可能属于特殊情况。此外,由于分形维数与参数H存在关系D≈2−H,而JRC的计算又依赖于HC两个参数,因此最大与最小的JRC值在分布上不会表现出完全相反的趋势。
在比较JRC和分形维数D时,节理面的JRC各向异性更为明显。如前所述,JRC值多沿椭圆形轮廓分布,为更好地分析这种各向异性,将JRC的极坐标数据通过坐标变换转换为直角坐标系中的JRCx和JRCy。随后,采用最小二乘法对转换后数据进行椭圆拟合,从而分析节理面的各向异性特征。
式中:β为在节理面上提取剖面的角度;JRCx和JRCy分别为JRC在x轴和y轴方向上的分量。
本研究共分析了两个样本组的28个节理面,并将部分椭圆拟合结果展示在图16中。根据拟合结果提取了每个椭圆的关键参数,如偏心率和面积。椭圆的偏心率用于衡量其“扁平”程度,数值介于0与1之间,偏心率越接近1,即椭圆越扁平,表明JRC分布的方向性越强;反之,偏心率越小,表明椭圆越接近圆形,JRC的方向性分布越弱。
这些参数可以有效表征节理面粗糙度的各向异性特征,而椭圆的面积反映了整体的粗糙程度。因此,本文将椭圆的偏心率和面积与劈裂角的关系进行了对比分析(见图1718)。
椭圆偏心率(见图17):第1组样本中拟合椭圆的偏心率介于0.35~0.95之间,波动较大。部分偏心率较小可能源于JRC分布的不规则性,如节理面1-6-2(见图15)所示。而第2组样本中,偏心率多集中在0.8左右,表明拟合椭圆的长轴远大于短轴,反映出显著的粗糙度各向异性。
椭圆面积(见图18):与JRC数值类似,椭圆面积越大,节理面形貌越复杂。两组样本中,椭圆面积均随劈裂角的增大而增长。这表明,当劈裂方向平行于岩层面时,节理面较为平整,粗糙度小;而当劈裂方向垂直于岩层面时,裂面更粗糙、不规则。
以上内容探讨了岩体结构面粗糙度系数的定量计算方法及其在各向异性评价中的应用。虽然取得了一定成果,但仍存在以下问题需进一步研究:
(1)本文对裂隙面的定量评估是基于二维剖面粗糙度,方法简单、便于验证,但是否能全面反映实际裂隙面的三维特征仍需进一步探讨。
(2)本研究主要研究了两组页岩样品,其代表性相对缺乏,未来研究中可以采用更多岩石样本开展更全面的验证。
本研究以重庆东南部彭水地区的页岩为研究对象,利用三维激光扫描技术获取节理面高精度形貌数据。基于分形拓扑理论分解节理面在不同方向上的尺度信息,评估了表面粗糙度的各向异性,分别采用分形维数和JRC进行量化分析,并通过JRC拟合椭圆对劈裂面的各向异性进行了系统研究。主要研究结论如下:
(1)分形维数D可以通过几何尺度变化反映JRC趋势,但由于其为单一参数,难以有效揭示粗糙面在高度起伏方面的信息。基于拟合参数HC构建了新的JRC模型,并用于粗糙度的定量表征。与D相比,JRC与劈裂角之间的相关性显著增强。这归因于模型中引入了表征高度信息的系数C,使得粗糙度形貌得以更加全面地表征。
(2)分形维数与JRC的分布规律均验证了节理面的各向异性特征,该各向异性可以通过JRC拟合椭圆的离心率进行表征,在本研究中页岩节理面JRC椭圆的平均离心率约为0.85,表明粗糙度的各向异性显著。
(3)劈裂节理面的表面粗糙度可通过JRC拟合椭圆的面积来衡量。随着劈裂方向与岩层面夹角的增大,拟合椭圆面积也随之增大,即劈裂面越粗糙。该结果揭示了表面粗糙度与劈裂方向之间的相关性,为页岩水力压裂效果评估提供各向异性表征参考。
  • 国家自然科学基金(42502167; 41972175)
  • 河南理工大学博士基金(B2021-78)
  • 河南省杰出青年基金(232300421025)
  • 河南省高校基本科研业务费专项(NSFRF220427)
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2025年第46卷第11期
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doi: 10.16285/j.rsm.2024.00583
  • 接收时间:2024-12-09
  • 首发时间:2026-03-27
  • 出版时间:2025-11-14
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  • 收稿日期:2024-12-09
  • 录用日期:2025-05-08
基金
National Natural Science foundation of China(42502167; 41972175)
国家自然科学基金(42502167; 41972175)
Doctoral Foundation of Henan Polytechnic University(B2021-78)
河南理工大学博士基金(B2021-78)
Excellent Youth Foundation of Henan Scientific Committee(232300421025)
河南省杰出青年基金(232300421025)
Fundamental Research Funds for the Universities of Henan Province(NSFRF220427)
河南省高校基本科研业务费专项(NSFRF220427)
作者信息
    1.河南理工大学 资源环境学院,河南 焦作 454003
    2.河南理工大学 河南省煤系非常规资源成藏与开发重点实验室,河南 焦作 454003
    3.河南理工大学 河煤炭安全生产与清洁高效利用省部共建协同创新中心,河南 焦作 454003
    4.武汉大学 土木建筑工程学院,湖北 武汉 430072
    5.河南省地质研究院,河南 郑州 450016

通讯作者:

牛然,男,1990年生,硕士,工程师,主要从事煤田地质及煤层气地质相关研究工作。E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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