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Ms8.6 earthquake in Xizang Autonomous Region, China, columnId=null, journalTitle=Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
On 15 August 1950, an Ms8.6 earthquake struck the Medog—Zayu region in the Eastern Himalayan syntaxis, with a maximum intensity of XII and an area with intensity≥VIII of about 2.19×105 km2. This mainshock-dominated event released seismic energy in a highly concentrated manner and triggered extensive landslides and related geological hazards. To systematically reveal the spatial distribution and the river-blocking patterns of coseismic landslides, we integrate multi-temporal historical imagery since 1961, archival records and field investigations to analyse the intensity distribution. For the high-intensity zone (X–XII) from Milin Wolong to downstream of Duden in the Namcha Barwa region, a coseismic landslide inventory is constructed for the first time, resulting in a dataset of 920 landslides. Quantitative analysis reveals that landslides predominantly occurred at 2 000–4 000 m elevation, on 20°–50° slopes, and within 4 km of active faults. The landslide distribution is strongly controlled by the main central thrust fault, the Motuo fault, and the Apalong fault. Based on statistical analysis and morphological characteristics, we delineate four types of earthquake-induced landslide-damming patterns: seated landslides, high-altitude remote hazards, whole gully-scale landslides and multi-landslide clusters, typified by the Gengbangla, Zelongnong Gully, the Jamaqiming Gully, and Zhaqu—Xirang landslide groups, respectively. The maximum duration of river blockage reached 15–16 hours. The unique geomorphic and tectonic environment of the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis provides favorable conditions for the occurrence and evolution of high-altitude remote geological hazards. As the region is currently in a seismically active phase, it is critical to enhance research on the failure mechanisms and early warning of under extreme earthquake conditions, thereby improving disaster preparedness, resilience, and emergency response capabilities in the region.
, correspAuthors=Yueping YIN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* YIN Yueping (1960–), research fellow, is engaged in geological hazard prevention and mitigation. E-mail:
yinypcgs@hotmail.com , copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yueping YIN, Shaohua GAO, Wenpei WANG, Bin LI, Yang GAO), CN=ArticleExt(id=1274300288396714426, articleId=1274300283535516051, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, language=CN, title=1950年西藏自治区墨脱—察隅8.6级地震触发特大滑坡研究, columnId=1274300283824923030, journalTitle=岩石力学与工程学报, columnName=陈宗基讲座, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
1950年8月15日,喜马拉雅东构造结地区墨脱—察隅一带发生Ms8.6级大地震,极震区烈度达XII度,其中VIII区及以上总面积达21.9万km2,诱发大面积、大规模的滑坡等地质灾害,为典型的主震型能量集中释放事件。为系统揭示此次极端地震触发滑坡的空间分布规律及堵江模式,利用1961年以来多期珍贵历史影像、历史文献资料及野外现场调查,分析了烈度分布特征,并首次在地震高烈度区(X~XII度)南迦巴瓦地区米林卧龙至墨脱都登下游段构建地震滑坡数据库,共编录滑坡920处。通过对滑坡空间分布控制因子的定量分析,表明滑坡主要分布于海拔2 000~4 000 m、坡度20°~50°、距断层4 km范围内,受主中央逆冲断裂、墨脱断裂和阿帕龙断裂控制显著。根据滑坡统计结果及其发育特征,提出坐落型滑坡、超高位超远程型滑坡、整沟域崩滑型和群发型滑坡4种典型地震滑坡堵江模式,分别以更邦拉山、则隆弄沟、加玛其名沟和扎曲—希让段滑坡群为代表,最长堵江时间达15~16 h。东构造结地区独特的孕灾环境为高位远程地质灾害的发生与演化提供有利条件。目前该地区正处于孕震阶段,未来应加强极端地震条件下高位远程地质灾害的成灾机制与监测预警研究,提升地震地质灾害防灾减灾能力。
, correspAuthors=殷跃平, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
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1.Guide Center of Prevention Technology for Geo-Hazard, MNR, China Institute of Geo-Environment Monitoring, Beijing 100081, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1274368956677775873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, companyId=1274368956660998655, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
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2.Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100081, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1274368956782633476, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, companyId=1274368956765856258, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=
2.中国地质科学院 地质力学研究所,北京 100081)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1274368970170851883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=zcS8+zGumTufdcxwvW0E9w==, figureFileBig=sdKRqeHbM4cC3yvmUrz90w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368970607059500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=CN, label=Fig.1, caption=
Distribution of active faults and earthquakes(M ≥ 7) since the 20th century in the Qinghai—Xizang Plateau and adjacent regionsNote: This map was created based on publicly available DEM data (https://www.gscloud.cn), and the base map has not been modified.
, figureFileSmall=zcS8+zGumTufdcxwvW0E9w==, figureFileBig=sdKRqeHbM4cC3yvmUrz90w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368971026489901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=FNwjYfp5lNS5WY8xAoyJrQ==, figureFileBig=0efAj63BuHS8/V0/k4zWuA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368971085210158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=CN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Isoseismal map of the 15 August 1950 Ms 8.6 Medog—Zayu earthquake,Xizang Autonomous Region(Modified from Department of Science and Technology of Xizang Autonomous Region and Department of Science and Technology Monitoring,China Earthquake Administration[1]), figureFileSmall=FNwjYfp5lNS5WY8xAoyJrQ==, figureFileBig=0efAj63BuHS8/V0/k4zWuA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368971534000687, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=5sEOdwutmswmhga/Mw7n7g==, figureFileBig=scUSSRluK5WHQaxmf0LmSg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368971601109552, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=CN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Typical post-earthquake geomorphological features triggered by the 1950 Medog—Zayu earthquake, figureFileSmall=5sEOdwutmswmhga/Mw7n7g==, figureFileBig=scUSSRluK5WHQaxmf0LmSg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368971835990577, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=iHkTi1h000zVR960VPrYlw==, figureFileBig=aT6SLVsZvUpgas+pNZuMPw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368971932459570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=CN, label=Fig.4, caption=
Landslides distribution in the Namcha Barwa region triggered by the 1950 Ms 8.6 Medog—Zayu earthquake(interpreted from Keyhole–1 satellite imagery acquired in 1961 and 1969)Note: F1 - Jiali Fault Zone; F2 - Aparong Fault Zone; F3 - Dongjiu - Milin Fault Zone; F4 - Xixingla Fault; F5 - Gandai - Jiudangka Fault; F6 - Medog Fault Zone.
, figureFileSmall=iHkTi1h000zVR960VPrYlw==, figureFileBig=aT6SLVsZvUpgas+pNZuMPw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368972268003891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=UhObXj4MWo4RFoxy16GXvw==, figureFileBig=DVxHfsLGyPTOE3PtPFsltg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368972343501364, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=CN, label=Fig.5, caption=
Contributing factors for analyzing the spatial distribution of landslides triggered by the 1950 Ms 8.6 Medog—Zayu earthquake in the Namcha Barwa region, figureFileSmall=UhObXj4MWo4RFoxy16GXvw==, figureFileBig=DVxHfsLGyPTOE3PtPFsltg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368972410610229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=V843Slcb77GWq8M1WK/MVA==, figureFileBig=Lhk6RznKOodpBogtkW1jPA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368972490302006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=CN, label=Fig.6, caption=
Statistical relationships between earthquake-induced landslides and controlling factors in the Namcha Barwa region triggered by the 1950 Ms 8.6 Medog—Zayu earthquakeNote: The numbers at the top of each column represent the corresponding number of landslides.
, figureFileSmall=V843Slcb77GWq8M1WK/MVA==, figureFileBig=Lhk6RznKOodpBogtkW1jPA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368972695822903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=gVl9z+bWWK/wxX92D3o5LA==, figureFileBig=VqwxNdYclxzPxmqbxouVAQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368972762931768, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=CN, label=Fig.7, caption=
Seismic landslide damming modes triggered by the 1950 Ms 8.6 Medog—Zayu earthquake in the Namcha Barwa Region, figureFileSmall=gVl9z+bWWK/wxX92D3o5LA==, figureFileBig=VqwxNdYclxzPxmqbxouVAQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368972821652025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=mqkRgiC4tPCpLOjsMxxadQ==, figureFileBig=efkbQaPNDCvtEPHTcQiwog==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368972901343802, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=CN, label=Fig.8, caption=
Historical imagery and longitudinal profile of the Genbangla Mountain high-altitude rockslide, figureFileSmall=mqkRgiC4tPCpLOjsMxxadQ==, figureFileBig=efkbQaPNDCvtEPHTcQiwog==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368972964258363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=NUwjVp6Qh44vuXLFAhrMeA==, figureFileBig=gnw8rD9hxRM2fAHNsRP1Bw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368973085893180, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=CN, label=Fig.9, caption=
High-altitude remote geological hazards in the Zelongnong Gully triggered by the 1950 Ms 8.6 Medog—Zayu earthquake, figureFileSmall=NUwjVp6Qh44vuXLFAhrMeA==, figureFileBig=gnw8rD9hxRM2fAHNsRP1Bw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368973173973565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=3MHKlg6VCprSJ2gLEnkJ5w==, figureFileBig=1mp/7G7qPseC/cz0nEn66g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368973224305214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=CN, label=Fig.10, caption=
The dynamic analysis and longitudinal profile of the Zelongnong disaster event in 1950, figureFileSmall=3MHKlg6VCprSJ2gLEnkJ5w==, figureFileBig=1mp/7G7qPseC/cz0nEn66g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368973291414079, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=5dYYtt2XvqLtaIHiYopyOw==, figureFileBig=gFQcHT9e+SafU7e1FXfNGA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368973354328640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=CN, label=Fig.11, caption=
Entire gully-scale landslide damming event in the Jiamaqiming Gully triggered by the 1950 Ms 8.6 Medog—Zayu earthquake, figureFileSmall=5dYYtt2XvqLtaIHiYopyOw==, figureFileBig=gFQcHT9e+SafU7e1FXfNGA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368973417243201, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=SgraYWarxjDq/EL1dfBeOg==, figureFileBig=II5uk/y+2ol8SX2JclmCLQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368973475963458, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=CN, label=Fig.12, caption=
Belt-like distribution of landslide clusters triggered by the 1950 Ms 8.6 Medog—Zayu earthquake, figureFileSmall=SgraYWarxjDq/EL1dfBeOg==, figureFileBig=II5uk/y+2ol8SX2JclmCLQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368973538878019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=7k09h6vzYdwrNC2oNWhjCA==, figureFileBig=pXT60mQMUMyM0iD1FWyvcA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368973601792580, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=CN, label=Fig.13, caption=
Three-component seismograms of the 1950 Ms 8.6 Medog—Zayu earthquake recorded at Nanjing Seismic Station(Source:Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration), figureFileSmall=7k09h6vzYdwrNC2oNWhjCA==, figureFileBig=pXT60mQMUMyM0iD1FWyvcA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368973664707141, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=zLc5dLuOd8Ghtcat/+9KuA==, figureFileBig=BaRf+xKBS9VU7bznikNBiw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368973736010310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=CN, label=Fig.14, caption=
Magnitude–time(M-T) distribution and cumulative seismic energy release curve in the Eastern Himalayan Syntaxis since the 20th century, figureFileSmall=zLc5dLuOd8Ghtcat/+9KuA==, figureFileBig=BaRf+xKBS9VU7bznikNBiw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368973828284999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=jhCAih2Ujb43SIwFBqjTkA==, figureFileBig=+TS/MsN2Nv4HABBsRObFog==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368973903782472, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=CN, label=Fig.15, caption=
Deformation monitoring of high-altitude remote geological hazards, figureFileSmall=jhCAih2Ujb43SIwFBqjTkA==, figureFileBig=+TS/MsN2Nv4HABBsRObFog==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368973970891337, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=mOSnqmeuWJlg4BPmG2wvhA==, figureFileBig=/UJ6XMjRwq685jcukS/ERQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368974029611594, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=CN, label=Fig.16, caption=
Typical high-altitude remote geological hazards and engineering disaster effects, figureFileSmall=mOSnqmeuWJlg4BPmG2wvhA==, figureFileBig=/UJ6XMjRwq685jcukS/ERQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1274368974100914763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Intensity | Major axis/km | Minor axis/km | Area/km2 | Spatial extent | Representative hazards |
|---|
| Ⅻ | 90 | 54 | 3 800 | The northern boundary extends to Ani Bridge; the western boundary lies between Gengbangla Mountain and Dudeng; the southwestern boundary reaches Liga, while the eastern boundary is inferred. | Gengbangla Mountain High- altitude landslide;Jiang'e a qu landslide and debris flow; Yedong Village and Bibo Village landslides |
| Ⅺ | 170 | 130 | 17 000 | The northeastern boundary reaches Damu; the northwestern boundary extends to Duoxiongla Pass; the western boundary reaches Manigang and areas east of Nanying; the southern boundary extends to Baxika; and the eastern boundary is inferred to extend to the Apalong | Yarang Village landslides and Here Village landslides;Baimala landslide;High- altitude landslides along the Ani Bridge–Duoxiongla Pass |
| Ⅹ | 280 | 240 | 53 000 | The southern boundary extends along the Dibrugarh–Sadiya line; the western boundary reaches the Milin; the northern boundary extends to Zhaqu and adjacent regions; and the eastern boundary reaches areas west of Dazongpu | Zelongnong Gully high- altitude avalanche; Xingkai Village debris flow;High- altitude landslide along the Zhaqu River |
| Ⅸ | 420 | 340 | 112 000 | The western boundary extends to Wolong, Milin and Jiuba, Nyingchi; the northern boundary reaches Yuren, Bomi; the eastern boundary extends to Ranwu, Basu and Baga, Zayu. The southern boundary includes extensive areas of the Brahmaputra River basin and the Zayu River downstream | Zaxiong Village landslide; Larigong Mountain avalanche |
| Ⅷ | 620 | 450 | 219 000 | The western boundary extends from Qonggyai and Lang County eastward to Tingdang; the northern boundary reaches the southern part of Luolong County; the eastern boundary extends to Basu and Chawalong. The southern boundary includes the northern mountainous regions of Myanmar and the southern hilly areas of the Brahmaputra Plain, India. | Small-scale rock collapses, landslides, and rockfalls |
), ArticleFig(id=1274368974184800844, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=CN, label=Table 1, caption=
Intensity zoning parameters, affected areas, and typical hazards (intensity≥VIII) of the 1950 Ms 8.6 Medog—Zayu earthquake
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Intensity | Major axis/km | Minor axis/km | Area/km2 | Spatial extent | Representative hazards |
|---|
| Ⅻ | 90 | 54 | 3 800 | The northern boundary extends to Ani Bridge; the western boundary lies between Gengbangla Mountain and Dudeng; the southwestern boundary reaches Liga, while the eastern boundary is inferred. | Gengbangla Mountain High- altitude landslide;Jiang'e a qu landslide and debris flow; Yedong Village and Bibo Village landslides |
| Ⅺ | 170 | 130 | 17 000 | The northeastern boundary reaches Damu; the northwestern boundary extends to Duoxiongla Pass; the western boundary reaches Manigang and areas east of Nanying; the southern boundary extends to Baxika; and the eastern boundary is inferred to extend to the Apalong | Yarang Village landslides and Here Village landslides;Baimala landslide;High- altitude landslides along the Ani Bridge–Duoxiongla Pass |
| Ⅹ | 280 | 240 | 53 000 | The southern boundary extends along the Dibrugarh–Sadiya line; the western boundary reaches the Milin; the northern boundary extends to Zhaqu and adjacent regions; and the eastern boundary reaches areas west of Dazongpu | Zelongnong Gully high- altitude avalanche; Xingkai Village debris flow;High- altitude landslide along the Zhaqu River |
| Ⅸ | 420 | 340 | 112 000 | The western boundary extends to Wolong, Milin and Jiuba, Nyingchi; the northern boundary reaches Yuren, Bomi; the eastern boundary extends to Ranwu, Basu and Baga, Zayu. The southern boundary includes extensive areas of the Brahmaputra River basin and the Zayu River downstream | Zaxiong Village landslide; Larigong Mountain avalanche |
| Ⅷ | 620 | 450 | 219 000 | The western boundary extends from Qonggyai and Lang County eastward to Tingdang; the northern boundary reaches the southern part of Luolong County; the eastern boundary extends to Basu and Chawalong. The southern boundary includes the northern mountainous regions of Myanmar and the southern hilly areas of the Brahmaputra Plain, India. | Small-scale rock collapses, landslides, and rockfalls |
), ArticleFig(id=1274368974268686925, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Earthquake intensity | Blockage location | Coordinates/(°) | Name of the dammed river | Blockage time | Cause of blockage |
|---|
| Ⅻ | 5 km south of Xirang Village, Medog County | 95.025,29.139 | Yarlung Tsangpo River | 15~16 h | Gengbangla Mountain High- altitude landslide |
| Ⅻ | 2.5 km northeast of Beibeng Town, Medog County | 95.199,29.249 | Yarlung Tsangpo River | 2~3 h | High- altitude landslide and debris flow |
| Ⅹ | Zelongnong Gully, Pai Town, Milin | 94.995,29.616 | Yarlung Tsangpo River | 6 h | Zelongnong Gully high- altitude avalanche |
| Ⅹ | Confluence of the Parlung Tsangpo River and the Yarlung Tsangpo River | 95.130,29.905 | Parlung Tsangpo River | 24 h | High- altitude landslide |
| Ⅹ | Gedang Town, Medog County | – | Jinzhu Tsangpo River | 24 h | High- altitude debris flow |
| Ⅹ | Between Manigang and Karao, Medog County | – | Yongmu River | 72 h | Landslide |
| Ⅸ | Near Zaxiong, Upper Zayu, Zayu County | – | Dulai River | 7 d | Landslide |
| Ⅸ | Jiamaqiming Gully, Bomi County | 95.129,30.079 | Parlung Tsangpo River | – | Jamajiming Gully landslide and debris flow |
), ArticleFig(id=1274368974344184398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=CN, label=Table 2, caption=
Typical river blockages triggered by the 1950 Ms 8.6 Medog—Zayu earthquake,Xizang Autonomous Region
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Earthquake intensity | Blockage location | Coordinates/(°) | Name of the dammed river | Blockage time | Cause of blockage |
|---|
| Ⅻ | 5 km south of Xirang Village, Medog County | 95.025,29.139 | Yarlung Tsangpo River | 15~16 h | Gengbangla Mountain High- altitude landslide |
| Ⅻ | 2.5 km northeast of Beibeng Town, Medog County | 95.199,29.249 | Yarlung Tsangpo River | 2~3 h | High- altitude landslide and debris flow |
| Ⅹ | Zelongnong Gully, Pai Town, Milin | 94.995,29.616 | Yarlung Tsangpo River | 6 h | Zelongnong Gully high- altitude avalanche |
| Ⅹ | Confluence of the Parlung Tsangpo River and the Yarlung Tsangpo River | 95.130,29.905 | Parlung Tsangpo River | 24 h | High- altitude landslide |
| Ⅹ | Gedang Town, Medog County | – | Jinzhu Tsangpo River | 24 h | High- altitude debris flow |
| Ⅹ | Between Manigang and Karao, Medog County | – | Yongmu River | 72 h | Landslide |
| Ⅸ | Near Zaxiong, Upper Zayu, Zayu County | – | Dulai River | 7 d | Landslide |
| Ⅸ | Jiamaqiming Gully, Bomi County | 95.129,30.079 | Parlung Tsangpo River | – | Jamajiming Gully landslide and debris flow |
), ArticleFig(id=1274368974402904655, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=EN, label=null, caption=null, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| Source type and ID | Distribution location | Distribution of material sources in elevation range/m | Volume/(103 m3) |
|---|
| Rock mass (Y1) | Rear lateral wall of the northern branch of Zelongnong Gully | 5 740~6 230 | 15 682.43 |
| Moraine deposits (BQ1) | Within the channel of the northern branch of Zelongnong Gully | 3 790~4 300 | 63 110.03 |
| Moraine deposits (BQ2) | Within the channel of the southern branch of Zelongnong Gully | 3 790~4 690 | 158 690.64 |
), ArticleFig(id=1274368974470013520, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1272208980697911299, articleId=1274300283535516051, language=CN, label=Table 3, caption=
Source material types and parameters of the Zelongnong gully triggered by the 1950 Medog—Zayu earthquake
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| Source type and ID | Distribution location | Distribution of material sources in elevation range/m | Volume/(103 m3) |
|---|
| Rock mass (Y1) | Rear lateral wall of the northern branch of Zelongnong Gully | 5 740~6 230 | 15 682.43 |
| Moraine deposits (BQ1) | Within the channel of the northern branch of Zelongnong Gully | 3 790~4 300 | 63 110.03 |
| Moraine deposits (BQ2) | Within the channel of the southern branch of Zelongnong Gully | 3 790~4 690 | 158 690.64 |
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