Article(id=1322957304672432413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, issueId=1322957283147252214, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025556, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1767024000000, receivedDateStr=2025-12-30, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793347200792, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1774454400000, pubDateStr=2026-03-26, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793347200792, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793347200792, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793347200792, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322957283147252214, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, year='2026', volume='16', issue='2', pageStart='225', pageEnd='488', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1774454400000', pubDateStr='2026-03-26', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793347195659, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793348987089, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322964796999611071, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, issueId=1322957283147252214, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322964796999611072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, issueId=1322957283147252214, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=256, endPage=265, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322957304890536222, articleId=1322957304672432413, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, language=EN, title=Practices and prospects of digital and intelligent transformation in Sinopec’s upstream sector in China, columnId=1322941556788953582, journalTitle=Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, columnName=Specialist Forum, runingTitle=null, highlight=

Accelerating digital and intelligent transformation is a crucial measure for oil and gas enterprises to advance industrial transformation and upgrading and foster new productive forces. Sinopec’s upstream sector in China has thoroughly implemented the “Digital and Intelligent Sinopec” initiative, focusing on supporting corporate reform and management. By closely aligning with the development trends of digital and intelligent technologies and the demands of exploration and production operations, the digital and intelligent transformation has been steadily advanced. A group-level Exploration and Development Data Center (EPDC) has been established, aggregating 17.2 PB of various types of exploration and development data, which has enabled centralized data management and shared applications. An Internet of Things network covering oil and gas production sites has been nearly completed, with digital coverage rates for oil, gas, and water wells, and station facilities reaching 94.90% and 92.30%, respectively. This has fundamentally transformed the traditional manual management model of stationing personnel at wells and stations, effectively supporting the reform of production operation modes and labor organization under digital and intelligent conditions. The construction and deepened application of unified systems have been advanced coordinately, continuously improving the digital coverage across all exploration and development business operations. Sinopec has also actively promoted the construction of artificial intelligence (AI) scenarios and their pilot applications, achieving notable results in scenarios such as intelligent seismic processing and interpretation, intelligent rock thin-section identification and analysis, intelligent reservoir numerical simulation, intelligent drilling, intelligent fracturing, and intelligent well condition diagnosis. Looking ahead to the “15th Five-Year Plan”, Sinopec’s upstream sector in China aims to build intelligent oil and gas fields, accelerate the integration of data flow, business flow, value flow, and supervision flow (“four flows in one”), and promote the construction and application of high-value AI scenarios across the entire business chain. These efforts will support the deeper and more substantive integration of digitalization and intellectualization, enhancing the operational efficiency, economic benefits, and management capability of oil and gas exploration, development, and production.

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油气田企业加快数智化转型,是推进产业转型升级、培育壮大新质生产力的重要举措。中国石化国内上游深入落实建设“数智中国石化”部署,聚焦支撑石油公司改革管理,紧密结合数智技术发展趋势和勘探开发业务需求,扎实推进数智化转型。建成集团级勘探开发数据资源中心,汇聚勘探开发各类数据17.2 PB,实现了数据集中管理与共享应用;基本建成了覆盖油气生产现场的物联网,油气水井、站库数字化覆盖率分别为94.90%、92.30%,彻底改变了传统驻井驻站的人工管控模式,有力支撑了数智化条件下生产运行模式和劳动组织方式变革;统筹推进统建系统建设及深化应用,勘探开发全业务数字化覆盖程度不断提升;积极推进人工智能场景建设与试点应用,地震智能处理解释、岩石薄片智能鉴定分析、油藏智能数值模拟、智能钻井、智能压裂、工况智能诊断等场景均见到较好成效。展望“十五五”,中国石化国内上游将以建设智能油气田为目标,加快推进数据流、业务流、价值流、监督流“四流合一”,开展全业务链高价值人工智能场景建设应用,支撑“两化”融合走深走实,助力油气勘探开发生产运行效率、经营效益、管理水平的提升。

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李冰(1981—),男,硕士,高级经济师,主要从事企业改革与管理、油气勘探开发数智化、地面工程、设备设施等管理工作。地址:北京市朝阳区朝阳门北大街22号,邮政编码:100728。E-mail:

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李冰(1981—),男,硕士,高级经济师,主要从事企业改革与管理、油气勘探开发数智化、地面工程、设备设施等管理工作。地址:北京市朝阳区朝阳门北大街22号,邮政编码:100728。E-mail:

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李冰(1981—),男,硕士,高级经济师,主要从事企业改革与管理、油气勘探开发数智化、地面工程、设备设施等管理工作。地址:北京市朝阳区朝阳门北大街22号,邮政编码:100728。E-mail:

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时间阶段油气生产现场物联网建设数据资源建设业务数智化建设
油气水井数字化覆盖率/%油气水井自动化覆盖率/%站库数字化覆盖率/%站库自动化覆盖率/%专业系统建设智能化建设
“十三五”末79.7059.3369.8026数据分散在企业,未实现集中管控;未形成统一的数据资源目录及标准建成PCS、EPBP、EPCP等统建系统,在各企业分散部署无统一顶层设计,各单位自主开展单点智能化应用探索,未能规模化推广应用
“十四五”末94.9074.6092.3040依托EPDC建设,实现数据集中管控及共享应用;制定了统一的勘探开发数据资源目录及数据标准一级部署的PCS、EPBP、IPPE等系统全面推广应用,覆盖全业务的统建系统均已启动建设制定国内上游人工智能顶层设计,优选有能力、有基础的单位分类有序开展建设,避免一哄而上、重复建设,建成后依托统建系统全面推广应用
), ArticleFig(id=1322957309915312452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322957304672432413, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

数智化领域的关键指标变化情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
时间阶段油气生产现场物联网建设数据资源建设业务数智化建设
油气水井数字化覆盖率/%油气水井自动化覆盖率/%站库数字化覆盖率/%站库自动化覆盖率/%专业系统建设智能化建设
“十三五”末79.7059.3369.8026数据分散在企业,未实现集中管控;未形成统一的数据资源目录及标准建成PCS、EPBP、EPCP等统建系统,在各企业分散部署无统一顶层设计,各单位自主开展单点智能化应用探索,未能规模化推广应用
“十四五”末94.9074.6092.3040依托EPDC建设,实现数据集中管控及共享应用;制定了统一的勘探开发数据资源目录及数据标准一级部署的PCS、EPBP、IPPE等系统全面推广应用,覆盖全业务的统建系统均已启动建设制定国内上游人工智能顶层设计,优选有能力、有基础的单位分类有序开展建设,避免一哄而上、重复建设,建成后依托统建系统全面推广应用
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中国石化国内上游数智化转型实践与展望
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李冰
油气藏评价与开发 | 专家论坛 2026,16(2): 256-265
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油气藏评价与开发 |专家论坛 2026 , 16 (2) : 256 -265
中国石化国内上游数智化转型实践与展望
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李冰(1981—),男,硕士,高级经济师,主要从事企业改革与管理、油气勘探开发数智化、地面工程、设备设施等管理工作。地址:北京市朝阳区朝阳门北大街22号,邮政编码:100728。E-mail:

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

李冰(1981—),男,硕士,高级经济师,主要从事企业改革与管理、油气勘探开发数智化、地面工程、设备设施等管理工作。地址:北京市朝阳区朝阳门北大街22号,邮政编码:100728。E-mail:

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李冰
作者信息
  • 中国石化油田勘探开发事业部,北京 100728
作者简介:

李冰(1981—),男,硕士,高级经济师,主要从事企业改革与管理、油气勘探开发数智化、地面工程、设备设施等管理工作。地址:北京市朝阳区朝阳门北大街22号,邮政编码:100728。E-mail:

Practices and prospects of digital and intelligent transformation in Sinopec’s upstream sector in China
BING LI
Affiliations
  • Sinopec Oilfield Exploration Production Department, Beijing 100728, China
出版时间: 2026-03-26 doi: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025556
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物联网  /  数据治理  /  数智化转型  /  智能油气田架构  /  “四流合一”
Internet of Things  /  data governance  /  digital and intelligent transformation  /  architecture of intelligent oil and gas fields  /  “four flows in one”
李冰. 中国石化国内上游数智化转型实践与展望. 油气藏评价与开发, 2026 , 16 (2) : 256 -265 . DOI: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025556
BING LI. Practices and prospects of digital and intelligent transformation in Sinopec’s upstream sector in China[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2026 , 16 (2) : 256 -265 . DOI: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025556
当前,以云计算、大数据、物联网、数字孪生、人工智能等为代表的数智技术蓬勃发展,成为新一轮科技革命和产业变革的核心驱动力,是推动传统产业改造升级的重要引擎[1-6]。党的十八大以来,党中央牢牢把握数字化、网络化、智能化发展趋势,提出建设网络强国、数字中国、智慧社会等战略目标,加快数字化与绿色化协同转型。党的二十大报告指出,推动战略性新兴产业融合集群发展,构建新一代信息技术、人工智能等一批新的增长引擎。2025年8月,国务院印发《关于深入实施“人工智能+”行动的意见》,指出要推动人工智能与经济社会各行业各领域广泛深度融合,加快形成人机协同、跨界融合、共创分享的智能经济和智能社会新形态[7-10]。2025年9月,国家发展改革委、国家能源局印发《关于推进“人工智能+”能源高质量发展的实施意见》,在“人工智能+”油气方面,提出聚焦跨专业协同研究、现场作业操控、生产运行管控等方向,推动油气产业链智能化升级建设[7-8]。2025年10月,党的二十届四中全会提出要坚持智能化、绿色化、融合化方向,优化提升传统产业,培育壮大新兴产业和未来产业,构建现代化产业体系,深入推进数字中国建设[9-18]。近年来,中国各大油气田企业积极引进数智技术,在油气勘探开发、生产运营、工程工艺等业务领域融合数智技术,培育壮大新质生产力,旨在助力降本提质增效、提升安全生产水平、实现油气全产业链高质量发展[19-25]。
“十三五”以来,按照中国石化集团有限公司统一部署,中国石化油田勘探开发事业部(以下简称油田事业部)深入落实“六统一”(统一规划、统一标准、统一设计、统一投资、统一建设、统一管理)和业务域“域长”负责制,紧密结合数智技术发展趋势和勘探开发业务需求,把数智化转型作为深化改革管理的重要抓手,注重顶层设计、标准先行、示范引领、有效投入,积极应用物联网、云计算、大数据、数字孪生、人工智能等技术,遵循“石化智云”体系,建成了集团级勘探开发数据资源中心(Exploration & Production Data Center,简称EPDC),基本完成了油气生产前端数字化自动化改造,打造了一级部署的油气生产信息化系统(Production Control System,简称PCS)、勘探开发业务协同平台(Exploration & Production Business Cooperation Platform,简称EPBP)、石油工程业务管控系统(Intelligent Management Platform of Petroleum Engineering,简称IPPE)、勘探开发云(Exploration&Production Cloud Platform,简称EPCP)等统建系统,启动了透明盆地、勘探开发决策、注采输管控、油气藏经营管理等统建系统建设,在此基础上全面推进勘探开发工程全业务数字化覆盖,统筹推进高价值人工智能场景建设与落地应用,有力提升了勘探开发工程运行效率、经营效益、管理水平,为智能油气田建设奠定了坚实基础。
1) 建成集团级勘探开发数据资源中心
为系统解决数据源头不唯一问题,2015年,油田事业部决定以江苏油田勘探开发一体化数据中心及业务协同平台为基础,打造中国石化EPBP,2018年建成并在全部油气田企业推广应用,做到数据源头一次采集、岗位业务操作规范一致、标准一致,实现勘探开发业务统一管控和数据集中管理。2022年,为实现勘探开发数据资源的统一管理和共享应用,打造敏捷高效的数据应用服务能力,在EPBP的基础上,组织石油勘探开发研究院启动EPDC建设,并于2025年全面建成,实现油气生产和石油工程施工现场实时数据、勘探开发业务数据、时空数据、化验分析等数据的全面实时汇聚以及地球物理体数据的逻辑汇聚。同时,按照“应补尽补、急用先补”的原则,统筹推进勘探开发历史数据补录。截至2025年10月,通过EPDC累计汇聚各类数据17.2 PB,支撑跨企业、跨专业、跨地域、跨盆地的数据共享应用。
2) 建立数据管理体系及三级数据质控机制
油田事业部组织编制并发布中国石化国内油气勘探开发域数据资源目录(图1)及数据标准1.0版,共计3 727项数据标准;制定《中国石化国内油气勘探开发数据资源管理实施细则》,建立覆盖数据采集、汇聚、质控、服务、安全、保密等全生命周期的数据资源管理体系,明确数据共享应用范围,配套形成数据申请、审批、应用等管理流程。同时油田事业部依托EPDC常态化开展数据治理,构建了“企业-EPDC-应用”三级质控机制和运行流程,其中企业采集端按照“业务主导、信息统筹”原则做好源头采集质量控制。EPDC汇聚端通过制定发布数据六性(完整性、有效性、及时性、一致性、唯一性、准确性)质量控制规则,对汇聚至EPDC的数据资源进行全面检查,累计发布质控规则4 313条。例如,数据及时性规则:对于正在钻进的井,若当日钻井作业记录中有“纯钻进”大类的作业记录,则应在当日10:30前录入钻井参数;数据有效性规则:录井过程中全烃峰值和全烃基值均不为空的记录,全烃峰值应大于等于全烃基值。应用端以业务用户检查为主,达到“以建促用、以用促治”的目的。通过三级质控机制的常态化运行,促进问题数据及时整改,数据质量达标率由“十三五”末的91.3%提升至98.9%。
3) 打造高效便捷的数据服务能力
建成的EPDC数据管控服务平台满足每秒1 000次访问数据服务需求。EPDC依托统一的数据服务发布管理能力,实现服务的创建、发布、授权、监控、黑白名单、限流策略,通过可视化配置、注册授权API(应用程序编程接口)来进行数据服务的统一创建和管理。目前EPDC依托统一的数据服务支撑各类统建系统及企业应用系统共计3 586个数据服务,累计提供数据服务接近10亿次。在EPDC建成了分盆地的数据共享应用专题,建设了单井自定义查询、单井业务资源目录查询、业务组件查询、GIS(地理信息系统)、主题查询、地球物理数据申请等6个数据共享应用功能,用户可通过盆地、时间、井别等多维度查询所需GIS、地球物理、单井等数据。针对科研人员需求,研发了圈闭评价、钻井工程设计等6大应用场景、515个业务组件及图版服务,为科研人员开展研究工作提供了有效手段。
2016年以来,油田事业部注重有效投入、建立标准规范,历经胜利探索、示范建设、全面推广3个阶段,新区统一纳入产建方案同步设计实施,老区油气水井加快完善配套、站库提升与地面优化简化统筹推进,油气生产现场物联网建设见到了显著成效。创建了低成本、标准化、可推广的油气生产信息化建设模式,实现了“以最优投入快速实现最大程度数字化”的目标,目前基本建成了覆盖国内上游油气生产现场物联网,为油气生产一体化联动、精准化管控、精细化管理提供了技术手段。
1) 建立油气生产物联网建设技术标准体系
油田事业部聚焦解决传统数智化建设标准不一、建设投入较高、自主可控能力低的问题,组织胜利油田开展油气生产数智化建设标准提升技术研究,形成实时数据采集、传输标准体系,研制全面自主可控的工业控制产品和工业控制软件;实时数据采集、传输标准方面,针对传统油气生产工业物联网通信协议多样、不同品牌仪表难以联通的难题,组织对通信协议、编码规则、标识点位开展标准化研究,形成IEC104(电力系统运动通信协议)、GRM(工业远程通信模块)等39项油气田专有通信协议,实现不同品牌产品互换互用;组织编制《中国石化油气生产信息化建设指导意见》《中国石化油气生产信息化建设技术规范》《中国石化油气工业控制系统网络安全防护建设规范》等标准规范,制定涵盖建设、产品、通信、施工、运维和管理6大类、137项生产信息化标准,完成温度变送器、压力变送器等20项核心产品采购技术规范编制,建立油气生产物联网标准体系,形成低成本可复制的油气开采数智化解决方案。
2) 油气生产现场基本实现数字化
截至“十四五”末,采油(气)管理区生产信息化改造基本完成,94.90%的油气水井完成生产信息化覆盖,站库参数自动采集率、长输管道高后果区视频监控覆盖率等均大幅提升。油气生产现场基本实现数字化,做到了数据自动采集、电子自动轮巡、远程自动管控,基本构建了“以生产指挥中心为核心、内外操高效协同”的新型管理模式,实现了“集中监控、无人(少人)值守、有人巡检、专业维修、应急联动”,彻底改变了传统驻井驻站的人工管控模式,有力支撑了数智化条件下生产运行模式和劳动组织方式变革,推动油气田企业从“没有围墙的工厂”向“一体化透明化数智化工厂”转变。
3) 加强油气生产数智化技术攻关和智能化装备应用
油田事业部组织开展油井动液面预测、含水率趋势预测、视频智能分析等现场智能化技术的攻关与应用,彻底改变了人工或仪表传统测量调控方式,优化简化了地面工艺和布站方式,增压站取代接转站,功图计产优化了计量站;积极推进智能化装备试点应用,在胜利、西北等7家企业累计配套150余架无人机应用于管线巡护、油区巡检、应急抢险、电力线路巡检等场景,提高了巡检效率,降低了劳动强度,在胜利、西南等8家企业累计配套20余台机器人支撑变电站巡检、站库巡检、消防灭火,有效降低了高危场景下的安全风险。
在油田事业部统筹组织下,中国石化国内上游板块经过近十年的持续建设,已成功建成PCS、EPBP、IPPE和EPCP,正加快推进透明盆地、勘探开发决策支持、地质工程一体化、注采输管控、设备设施管理和油气藏经营管理等系统建设,基本实现勘探开发工程全业务全流程数字化覆盖。
1) 油气生产信息化系统
在推进油气生产现场物联网建设的基础上,2016年建成的PCS历经多轮次版本迭代提升,于2024年底实现一级部署和PCS1.5功能全面推广,形成生产监控,动态分析,协同管理,评价考核,QHSE(质量、健康、安全、环境)管理,应急处置6大功能模块,支撑了油气生产现场“实时监控-报警预警-动态分析-有效处置-效果跟踪”的闭环管理以及油气开采业务异常管控、应急高效联动指挥、能耗与碳排放实时管控、能耗动态优化、源网荷储一体化管控,做到了“油田事业部-油气田分公司-采油(气)厂-采油(气)管理区”的四级贯通应用,日均活跃用户5 000余人,实现横跨大江南北油气区生产现场全流程全过程的实时管控。
2) 勘探开发业务协同平台
在实现EPBP全面推广应用的基础上,2025年油田事业部组织完成EPBP一级部署并加快业务扩展,涵盖物探、地质研究、钻测录、采油气、井下作业、生产管理等10类业务,岗位用户4.2万人、日均活跃用户7 000余人,日增数据97.9万条,实现了业务流程标准化、岗位业务信息化、业务运行协同化、数据管理规范化和数据应用共享化,是EPDC的主要数据来源。
3) 石油工程业务管控系统
为深化石油公司和工程公司一体化运行、支撑总部和企业两级地质工程一体化专家工作室建设,2023年油田事业部组织西南油气分公司对IPPE进行提升,共建设现场动态跟踪、工程参数监测等21个功能模块,覆盖钻、测、录、试等主要石油工程业务,在石油公司和工程公司全面推广,目前注册用户1.2万人、日均活跃用户1 000余人,实现了石油工程数据同平台应用、前后方专家同平台办公、施工全流程实时跟踪监控、技术方案动态优化、KPI(关键绩效指标)自动计算提取、施工队伍管理评价,有力推动了石油工程“四提”(提速、提效、提质、提产)上台阶。
4) 勘探开发云
为支撑勘探开发专业软硬件资源集中管理与共享应用,2016年油田事业部组织启动EPCP建设,落实“十四五”专项规划内容,2018年全面建成勘探开发专业软硬件资源池,并持续提升勘探开发专业软硬件资源共享水平,软硬件利用效率大幅提升。在高性能计算资源共享方面,EPCP依托石油物探技术研究院、石油勘探开发研究院分别建成地震资料处理中心和油气藏数值模拟中心,总算力达73.5 PFLOPs,为各油气田企业提供高性能计算服务。专业软件资源共享方面,EPCP按照“主力软件各企业内部共享、辅助软件集团统一共享”的两级共享模式,实现了6款主力软件、78款辅助软件的共享应用,国产及自研软件得到有力推广。
在以上统建系统全面建成推广的基础上,油田事业部立足于全业务领域数字化覆盖(图2),正加快其他统建系统建设:综合研究领域,组织开展透明盆地系统建设,打造统一的综合研究协同环境,支撑研究成果在线共享、实现三维地质模型多维度应用,推动科学研究范式变革;油气勘探开发领域,组织开展勘探开发决策支持系统建设,支撑勘探全流程管理决策和开发方案编制与评价;石油工程领域,组织扩展IPPE功能、打造地质工程一体化信息系统,进一步支撑石油公司和工程公司一体化运行、地质工程一体化;地面工程领域,组织开展注采输管控系统建设,实现地面工程动静态数据基于GIS一张图展示、“五化”成果集中共享,支撑地面工程规划设计,辅助投资决策。设备设施领域,组织开展设备设施管理系统建设,支撑设备设施全生命周期管理及完整性管理体系建设;新能源领域,基于PCS推进能源与碳排放管控平台和源网荷储系统的融合建设;储气库领域,积极开展智能储气库管理功能建设[26],通过储气库生产运行实时数据的集成及可视化展示,实现对储气库运行状态的实时感知与动态分析;结合注采站运行关键参数,构建运行异常模型,形成关键设备组合参数异常的诊断方法,实现异常运行状态自动报警;油气藏经营管理领域,组织开展油气藏经营管理系统建设,支撑三大计划协同优化和油气藏经营管理价值最大化[27]。在此基础上,油田事业部统筹加强企业自建系统集成应用,积极推进勘探开发专业软件国产化替代,尽快实现全业务链条数字化,支撑数据流、业务流、价值流、监督流“四流合一”。
聚焦勘探开发一体化、地质工程一体化、科研生产一体化、技术经济一体化,打破勘探、开发、工程、生产等专业界限,围绕评价研究、方案设计、实施管控、动态调整四大环节,油田事业部组织完成中国石化国内上游“一件事”全链条人工智能顶层设计(图3),规划了一批人工智能业务场景,统筹组织开展人工智能场景建设与应用并取得积极效果。
1) 地震智能处理解释
针对地震资料处理解释业务中的噪音压制、速度分析、三维地震断点智能识别及断溶体储层预测等关键技术,石油物探技术研究院通过构建可复用的标准化样本库,完成专业小模型的训练,并在多个工区开展了规模化应用。经在胜利、西北等工区试点应用验证,噪音压制、速度分析等处理效率提升超过10倍,效果达到商业软件同等水平;地震解释工作效率提高5倍以上,储层预测精度达到85%以上。
2) 油藏智能数值模拟
针对传统油藏数值模拟求解效率低、算力要求高,难以支撑高效、智能化油藏研究需求的问题,胜利油田基于机器学习的水驱油藏黑油模型模拟成果,利用三维卷积神经网络构建了国产化油藏高效数值模拟方法,对海量历史数值模拟计算过程进行挖掘学习,实现复杂数值模拟问题的高效求解,在胜利、江汉、华东等5个典型区块试点应用,数值模拟计算效率提升2倍以上。
3) 智能压裂优化
为打破基于传统经验决策的限制,江汉油田构建砂堵样本库,学习砂堵样本339段,提取曲线特征建立预测算法库,实现砂堵、漏失等异常预警,可提前60 s进行风险预警提醒,预测精度达到90%以上。综合考虑天然裂缝、地应力等参数实现裂缝扩展实时展布模拟,对比微地震结果,裂缝展布符合率达到80%以上,在江汉油田涪陵工区全面应用,实现用智能化技术为压裂施工决策全程赋能。
4) 油井工况智能诊断
针对传统模式下工况异常诊断依赖人工经验,异常发现效率低、处置周期长等问题,胜利油田攻关形成了“卷积神经网络+深度学习网络”的工况智能诊断技术,创新建立了“错误样本清洗、海量样本训练、融合诊断模型”等方法,实现油管漏、杆断等17种异常工况的实时、精准诊断报警,准确率达到83.5%,已在胜利全面应用,日均诊断1.7万口井。
“十四五”以来,中国石化国内上游板块坚持数智化建设和改革管理协同推进,油气生产物联网、数据治理、全业务数智化建设等相比“十三五”末均有较大提升(表1)。同时,在油气水井数、油气产量油当量保持增长的情况下,劳动生产率相比“十三五”末提升79.8%。
1) 成熟度分析
结合业内数智化转型成熟度评价模型[28],从组织、技术、数据、基础设施资源、资金保障等方面对中国石化国内上游板块数智化转型成熟度进行分析。
组织层面,完成了油田事业部业务流程梳理,在分公司层面加强扁平化体制机制建设,着力构建与数智化条件相适应的新型组织管理体系,推动采油气基层标准化工作,规范了内外操协同的生产运行业务流程,并基于PCS、EPBP实现流程的嵌入与支撑。
技术层面,组织开展技术攻关与创新应用,打造形成了动液面“软测量”、工况智能诊断等10项生产数智化技术,温压变、角位移等5项低成本长寿命产品,地震智能处理解释、油藏智能数值模拟、智能压裂等40余项智能化研究成果并见到较好成效。
数据层面,坚持“抓好数据才能确保数智化转型具有强劲动力和稳健基础”,围绕数据采集、汇聚、治理、共享应用、数据安全等全生命周期管理,构建统一的数据管理和服务平台,常态化开展数据治理,压实“管业务管数据”责任,不断提高数据质量,实现数据高效共享,助力数据资源价值挖掘。
基础设施资源层面,依托“石化智云”,推动基础计算资源由分散部署向“集中部署、共享使用”的云服务模式转变,国内上游应用云部署率达60%,完成上游区域中心上联总部带宽升级,峰值带宽提升2倍以上(平均1.2 Gbps),满足系统应用需求。
资金保障层面,加强资金的统筹管理,建立统建信息化投资摊销与运行维护收费机制,推行成本项目的全口径管理,确保数智化投入效益最大化。
2) 对标国际石油公司
从全球范围看,数智化转型已经成为国际石油公司应对能源行业转型变革、促进自身业务发展的重要手段。壳牌、英国BP公司、雪佛龙分别提出构建Smart Fields、e-field、i-field,致力于打造地上地下一体化模型,集成知识、流程、新技术,实现对油气田生产全过程实时监控与决策优化[29]。斯伦贝谢公司组建数字化与一体化业务集团,将数字化业务明确为四大业务板块之一,与油藏性能、建井、生产系统业务并列[30]。总体来看,国际石油公司聚焦勘探、开发、生产、工程等业务,发挥信息化、数字化、智能化技术赋能优势,积极开展智能油气田建设探索,并在部分业务环节上形成了突破[31]。
对比国际石油公司,中国石化国内上游板块数智化转型更加注重以支撑改革管理为目的,强调要全面建立数智化条件下的新型组织管理体系,通过数智化支撑石油公司改革方案落地。中国石化立足于全面建成智能油气田,注重顶层设计、标准先行、示范引领、有效投入,先后编制《中国石化国内上游数字化转型“十四五”实施方案》《中国石化智能油气田“十五五”发展规划暨三年滚动计划》《中国石化国内上游人工智能顶层设计》,坚持把建立成熟数字化作为构建全业务智能化应用场景的重要前提,把数据治理作为数智化建设的核心关键,把管理配套和人才保障作为数智化建设的根本基础,加强统筹有序推进、统一部署实施,为国内上游板块生产运行模式、劳动组织方式和科学研究范式变革提供有力支撑。
数据要素已成为继土地、劳动力、资本、技术之外的第五大生产要素,数据资源是企业的战略资产和数智化转型的源头和基础。油气行业涉及的勘探、钻井、生产数据,具有“高维度、强噪声、跨模态”特征,数据质量参差不齐,特别是在人工智能场景建设中所需要的高质量数据集还存在一定差距[32],亟须加强多源异构数据治理、消除数据共享壁垒,加快数据分类、清洗、标注,打造油气行业大规模、多模态高质量数据集,满足高价值人工智能场景建设及大模型训练需要,助力数据资源价值挖掘和数智化转型倍增、变革、聚合、杠杆效应的发挥。
油气生产现场工况复杂,生产工艺和设备种类多样,油井工况受油稠、供液不足、地面掺水伴输等多因素影响,识别难度大,频繁调参或作业施工导致生产数据波动频繁,受恶劣天气、大型地面施工、电力线路故障、压限电保供、库容低等多因素影响,注采输平衡管控难度大,被动限液停井,地面系统受油藏、管网、施工等多因素影响导致波动频繁,现场安全风险点多、防控难度大,多专业协同效率低,对生产智能管控能力提出了更高要求。
随着油气开发朝着深层、海上、非常规等高成本领域拓展,如何利用人工智能技术提升油气田企业经营财务分析决策能力,加强生产经营一体化协同,加快储量经济动用、产能经济建设和产量经济运行,支撑高质量发展,成为国内外石油公司油气藏经营管理的新方向,需要聚焦数据流、业务流、价值流、监督流“四流合一”,扎实推进油气藏经营管理数智化建设,支撑油气资源价值最大化。
目前,油气人工智能技术大多为单一应用场景,通常仅适用于某一特定油气藏类型或单一业务场景[33-34]。油气行业业务链条长、区域差异变化大、机理成因复杂,特别是中国石化国内上游板块涵盖页岩油气、火山岩气藏、碳酸盐岩缝洞型油藏、深层煤层气等复杂类型油气藏,且油气开发方式迥异,致使油气人工智能模型泛化能力较弱,难以规模化推广应用,亟须加强模型算法的优化,并扩充学习样本,增强模型泛化能力[35]。
展望未来,中国石化国内上游板块将深入落实集团公司建设“数智中国石化”部署要求,践行“域长”负责制和“六统一”原则,聚焦勘探开发一体化、地质工程一体化、科研生产一体化、技术经济一体化,健全标准规范体系、网络基础设施体系和自主运维保障体系,提升完善智能油气田物联网体系、数据资源中心,打造智能油气田服务平台、应用生态,支撑全业务数据流、业务流、价值流、监督流“四流合一”的数字化,分步骤、分阶段推进高价值人工智能场景建设,全面建成数智化条件下石油公司新型组织管理体系,“十五五”末基本建成智能油气田,2035年全面建成智能油气田(图4)。
围绕建设目标,细化完善智能油气田建设标准,结合实际分常规级、标杆级两类开展建设,其中海上、沙漠、页岩油气田、酸性气田建成标杆级智能油气田,其他油气田建成常规级智能油气田。
第一阶段:2026—2028年,完成全业务数字化,实现“四流合一”,支撑线上运行、上下贯通、管理闭环。加快推进智能处理解释、智能注采、智能采气、智能钻井、智能压裂、智能工程设计等高价值人工智能场景落地应用。
第二阶段:2029—2030年,基于勘探开发工程全业务链数智化建设加速推进,再加上一批高价值人工智能场景落地,以及数智化条件下石油公司新型组织管理体系全面建成,基本建成常规级、标杆级智能油气田。
第三阶段:2031—2035年,全面建成“地面地下实时感知、透明盆地模型支撑、勘探开发工程协同、研究决策智能辅助、生产异常智能管控、技术经济闭环优化”的智能油气田。
1) 完善提升智能油气田数据资源中心
以EPDC为基础,迭代完善数据标准,基于EPBP有序拓展地面工程、能耗、设备、储气库、CCUS(碳捕集、利用与封存)、新能源等数据采集,以及综合研究、矿权储量、地质模型、数模模型等数据管理功能,实现勘探开发业务数据应扩尽扩、全面采集。中国石化强化数据治理,坚持以用促治,制定全业务数据质控规则,加强数据质量管控,做好数据清洗、标注,打造勘探开发领域高质量数据集。开展全域数据指标体系建设,逐步实现油气开发、石油工程、采油气生产、地面工程等指标自动提取和计算,建立数据智能精准搜索、自主组合应用和便捷服务开发等功能,提升数据智能化服务能力。完善数据共享机制,探索数据交易,推动数据资源向效率、效益转化,持续发挥数据核心要素价值,为智能油气田建设筑牢数据根基。
2) 统筹推进智能油气田物联网改造升级
油气生产现场方面,完善油气生产数智化技术规范,新区纳入产能建设同步开展,老区油气水井加强产品更新换代,对于未完成数字化建设的井,综合考虑产出效益、安全风险等,2027年实现数字化全覆盖;站库与地面优化简化统筹推进,2027年完成采出水处理站、注水站、常规集气站、配水间的采集配套,2030年实现自动化应改尽改。工程施工现场方面,完成施工现场数据采集仪表设备全面配套,实现压裂、固井、试油气等工程实时数据的全量采集和统一传输。
3) 加快推进全业务链条数智化
谋划推进PCS和EPBP融合提升,完成透明盆地、勘探开发决策支持、地质工程一体化、注采输管控、设备设施管理、油气藏经营管理等统建系统建设,结合业务需求持续推进功能完善提升,统筹加强企业自建系统集成应用,积极推进勘探开发专业软件国产化替代,2028年实现全业务链条数字化,支撑“四流合一”。有序推进人工智能场景建设应用,按照国内上游“一件事”全链条的人工智能场景顶层设计,聚焦智能处理解释、智能注采、智能采气、智能钻井、智能压裂、智能工程设计等高价值人工智能场景,优选有能力、有基础的单位分类有序开展建设,依托统建系统全面推广应用,推动生产运行模式、劳动组织方式和科学研究范式变革。
4) 全面建成数智化条件下新型组织管理体系
加强数智化条件下业务流程梳理和优化重塑,完成油田事业部、分公司机关、专业化单位、科研单位、采油气基层单位全部业务流程梳理并嵌入统一平台,逐步实现国内上游全业务流程基于一个信息化管理平台的上下贯通、横向协同、管理闭环。结合业务流程梳理,全面建立数智化条件下新型组织管理体系,大幅提高全员劳动生产率。
1)中国石化国内上游板块把数智化转型作为深化改革管理的重要抓手,注重顶层设计、标准先行、示范引领、有效投入,统筹推进数据资源中心、物联网、各业务领域数字化建设,有序开展高价值人工智能场景建设,为智能油气田建设奠定了坚实基础。但数智化转型仍面临数据资源基础需进一步夯实、油气生产现场复杂性对生产数智管控能力提出更高要求、油气人工智能技术泛化能力有待提升等三方面挑战。
2)展望未来,中国石化国内上游板块将坚持“一张蓝图绘到底”,聚焦智能油气田建设,健全完善标准规范体系、网络基础设施体系和自主运维保障体系,提升完善智能油气田数据资源中心、物联网体系,打造智能油气田应用生态,推动数据流、业务流、价值流、监督流“四流合一”,全面构建数智化条件下石油公司新型组织管理体系,支撑生产运行模式、劳动组织方式和科学研究范式变革,助力中国石化油气田企业可持续高质量发展。

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2026年第16卷第2期
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doi: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025556
  • 接收时间:2025-12-30
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2026-03-26
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  • 收稿日期:2025-12-30
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    中国石化油田勘探开发事业部,北京 100728
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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