Article(id=1322942077121737547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, issueId=1322941842395889747, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024521, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1730995200000, receivedDateStr=2024-11-08, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793343570259, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1784995200000, pubDateStr=2026-07-26, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793343570259, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793343570259, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793343570259, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322941842395889747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, year='2026', volume='16', issue='4', pageStart='737', pageEnd='948', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1784995200000', pubDateStr='2026-07-26', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793343514297, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793344192960, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322944689019695905, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, issueId=1322941842395889747, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322944689019695906, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, issueId=1322941842395889747, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=892, endPage=898, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322942077348229964, articleId=1322942077121737547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, language=EN, title=Ultimate bearing capacity analysis of deepwater jacket platforms in Qiongdongnan Basin under multiple influencing factors, columnId=1322941621217657699, journalTitle=Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, columnName=Engineering Techniques, runingTitle=null, highlight=

The average water depth of a certain investment block in the Qiongdongnan Basin of the South China Sea is about 200 m. Jacket platforms in deepwater environments are affected by multiple factors, and their ultimate bearing capacity analysis differs from that of conventional jacket platforms. Taking a deepwater jacket platform as the research object, an integrated model was established using the structural response analysis software USFOS. The study calculated the dynamic amplification factor, the second-order gravitational effect (P-Delta effect), and the optimized lateral load P-Y curves of the pile foundation based on correction formulas under deepwater conditions. A comparative analysis of the platform’s ultimate bearing capacity was conducted, and the sensitivity of three individual influencing factors was quantified. The results showed that in terms of the reserve strength ratio (RSR), when all three influencing factors were considered, the RSR of the deepwater jacket platform decreased by approximately 0.4 under 90° environmental loading. Additionally, the time for the platform to reach plastic strain was shortened, and its ultimate bearing capacity declined. The base shear force and overturning moment of the platform were reduced by 3% and 6%, respectively. Regarding structural failure modes, insufficient pile foundation bearing capacity was identified as the primary cause of the overall failure of the deepwater jacket platform. In addition, the connection between the launching truss and the main leg was also found to be a weak point in structural resistance. The influence of the three factors on the ultimate bearing capacity of deepwater jacket ranked as follows: The dynamic amplification factor had the greatest impact, reducing the RSR change rate by 7.2% compared to pre-optimization. The P-Delta effect ranked second. The soil degradation effect (P-Y load) had the least influence. The optimized calculation method more accurately reflects the effects of loading in deepwater environments, providing a theoretical basis for evaluating the ultimate bearing capacity of deepwater jacket platform structures.

, articleAbstract=null, authors=JUAN LIU, QING YAN, authorsList=JUAN LIU, QING YAN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322942080066138969, articleId=1322942077121737547, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, language=CN, title=琼东南盆地深水导管架平台多因素影响的极限承载力分析, columnId=1322941621964243813, journalTitle=油气藏评价与开发, columnName=工程工艺, runingTitle=null, highlight=

南海琼东南盆地某招商区块平均水深约200 m,导管架平台在深水环境下受到多重因素影响,其极限承载能力分析不同于常规导管架平台。本文以某深水导管架平台为研究对象,通过结构响应分析软件USFOS建立一体化模型,分别计算深水环境下的动力放大系数、重力二阶效应(P-Delta效应)荷载和修正公式优化后的桩基侧向荷载P-Y曲线,在此基础上开展平台极限承载能力对比分析,并量化3个单一影响因素对深水平台极限承载能力的敏感性。研究结果表明:在储备强度系数(RSR)方面,叠加考虑3个影响因素后,深水导管架平台的储备强度系数在90°环境荷载作用下最大降幅约为0.4,且平台达到塑性应变的响应时间缩短,极限承载力下降,其基底剪力和倾覆力矩分别降低3%和6%;在结构失效模式方面,桩基承载力不足是导致深水导管架平台整体失效的最主要原因,此外,下水桁架与主腿的连接节点也为结构抗力薄弱部位。3个因素对深水导管架极限承载力的影响程度依次为:动力放大系数的敏感性最高,其对应的RSR变化率较优化前降低7.2%;P-Delta效应次之;土壤退化效应对应的P-Y荷载的影响最小。本文优化后的计算方法更真实地反映出深水环境下的荷载作用效应,为准确评估深水导管架平台结构的极限承载力提供理论依据。

, articleAbstract=null, authors=刘娟, 闫晴, authorsList=刘娟, 闫晴, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=

刘娟(1991—),女,硕士,工程师,主要从事海洋工程结构设计研究工作。地址:上海市浦东新区商城路1225号,邮政编码:200120。E-mail:

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刘娟(1991—),女,硕士,工程师,主要从事海洋工程结构设计研究工作。地址:上海市浦东新区商城路1225号,邮政编码:200120。E-mail:

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刘娟(1991—),女,硕士,工程师,主要从事海洋工程结构设计研究工作。地址:上海市浦东新区商城路1225号,邮政编码:200120。E-mail:

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土壤类型 α β κ n
a0<0.025 a0≥0.025
软黏土1-180-200800.18
介质黏土1-120-360840.19
硬黏土1-2 900-8281000.19
饱和中密实砂13 3201 640-1000.10
不饱和中密实砂11 960960-200.10
饱和密实砂16 0001 876-1000.15
), ArticleFig(id=1322942084793119615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942077121737547, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

参数取值

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土壤类型 α β κ n
a0<0.025 a0≥0.025
软黏土1-180-200800.18
介质黏土1-120-360840.19
硬黏土1-2 900-8281000.19
饱和中密实砂13 3201 640-1000.10
不饱和中密实砂11 960960-200.10
饱和密实砂16 0001 876-1000.15
), ArticleFig(id=1322942084868617088, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942077121737547, language=EN, label=Table2, caption=P-Delta effect loads, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
一阶侧向位移/m总桩腿力/kN平均受压荷载/MPa屈服强度/MPa计算长度/m
0.3573.6×1050.47355280
惯性半径/m欧拉应力/MPa弹性临界力/MPa整体位移/m附加弯矩/kN·m
2.1429.829.80.36130 579
), ArticleFig(id=1322942084944114561, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942077121737547, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

P-Delta效应荷载

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
一阶侧向位移/m总桩腿力/kN平均受压荷载/MPa屈服强度/MPa计算长度/m
0.3573.6×1050.47355280
惯性半径/m欧拉应力/MPa弹性临界力/MPa整体位移/m附加弯矩/kN·m
2.1429.829.80.36130 579
), ArticleFig(id=1322942085023806338, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942077121737547, language=EN, label=Table3, caption=RSR calculation results in different directions, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方向/(°)04590135180225270315
储备强度系数(优化前)2.862.642.492.602.912.622.522.63
储备强度系数(优化后)2.522.242.152.292.632.312.192.27
), ArticleFig(id=1322942085111886723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942077121737547, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同方向的储备强度系数计算结果

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方向/(°)04590135180225270315
储备强度系数(优化前)2.862.642.492.602.912.622.522.63
储备强度系数(优化后)2.522.242.152.292.632.312.192.27
), ArticleFig(id=1322942085262881668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942077121737547, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=Ultimate bearing capacity values using different calculation methods, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方向/(°)基底剪力/kN倾覆力矩/kN·m
优化前优化后优化前优化后
06.92×1046.74×1042.69×1062.56×106
456.90×1046.75×1042.73×1062.59×106
905.12×1044.98×1042.44×1062.28×106
1356.69×1046.50×1042.68×1062.53×106
1806.72×1046.57×1042.70×1062.52×106
2256.65×1046.48×1042.68×1062.51×106
2706.03×1045.48×1042.47×1062.30×106
3156.98×1046.79×1042.74×1062.62×106
), ArticleFig(id=1322942085376127877, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942077121737547, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同计算方法的极限承载力值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
方向/(°)基底剪力/kN倾覆力矩/kN·m
优化前优化后优化前优化后
06.92×1046.74×1042.69×1062.56×106
456.90×1046.75×1042.73×1062.59×106
905.12×1044.98×1042.44×1062.28×106
1356.69×1046.50×1042.68×1062.53×106
1806.72×1046.57×1042.70×1062.52×106
2256.65×1046.48×1042.68×1062.51×106
2706.03×1045.48×1042.47×1062.30×106
3156.98×1046.79×1042.74×1062.62×106
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琼东南盆地深水导管架平台多因素影响的极限承载力分析
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刘娟 , 闫晴
油气藏评价与开发 | 工程工艺 2026,16(4): 892-898
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油气藏评价与开发 |工程工艺 2026 , 16 (4) : 892 -898
琼东南盆地深水导管架平台多因素影响的极限承载力分析
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刘娟(1991—),女,硕士,工程师,主要从事海洋工程结构设计研究工作。地址:上海市浦东新区商城路1225号,邮政编码:200120。E-mail:

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刘娟 , 闫晴
作者信息
  • 中国石化上海海洋油气分公司石油工程技术研究院,上海   200120
作者简介:

刘娟(1991—),女,硕士,工程师,主要从事海洋工程结构设计研究工作。地址:上海市浦东新区商城路1225号,邮政编码:200120。E-mail:

Ultimate bearing capacity analysis of deepwater jacket platforms in Qiongdongnan Basin under multiple influencing factors
JUAN LIU , QING YAN
Affiliations
  • Petroleum Engineering Technology Research Institute, Sinopec Shanghai Offshore Oil & Gas Company, Shanghai 200120, China
出版时间: 2026-07-26 doi: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024521
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极限承载力  /  动力放大系数  /  重力二阶效应荷载  /  土壤退化效应  /  USFOS
ultimate bearing capacity  /  dynamic amplification factor  /  second-order gravitational load  /  soil degradation effect  /  USFOS
刘娟, 闫晴. 琼东南盆地深水导管架平台多因素影响的极限承载力分析. 油气藏评价与开发, 2026 , 16 (4) : 892 -898 . DOI: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024521
JUAN LIU, QING YAN. Ultimate bearing capacity analysis of deepwater jacket platforms in Qiongdongnan Basin under multiple influencing factors[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2026 , 16 (4) : 892 -898 . DOI: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024521
随着中国对石油能源需求的日益增长,海上油气勘探开发的作业范围逐渐从浅海向深海扩展。目前,固定式导管架平台是海上应用最为广泛的海工设施之一。平台整体倒塌是导管架结构面临的最极端失效模式,一旦发生,将对海上人员安全及平台设备设施造成巨大威胁。因此,开展结构倒塌分析并掌握平台极限承载能力,是保障海工设施安全可靠运行的关键措施。
国内外学者针对导管架平台极限承载力已开展了大量研究。GOLAFSHANI等[1]提出了考虑波高变化和甲板上浪荷载的增量波分析法,并以塌波高度(CWH)替代原有的极限承载力评价参数储备强度系数(RSR);刘续等[2]基于USFOS软件对自升式钻井平台进行极限承载力分析;朱本瑞等[3-7]和林红等[8]对导管架极限抗力开展系列研究,包括超强台风下的弹塑性分析、极端环境下平台连续倒塌鲁棒性分析,以及环境荷载动力特性对平台极限抗力的影响等;GHOLAMI等[9]考虑桩土结构相互作用研究导管架平台倒塌机理;崔震等[10]计算结构出现腐蚀或部分缺陷状态下的结构响应;王维刚等[11]和杜彬等[12]研究不同直线度对导管架平台极限承载力的影响。然而,上述研究主要集中于浅水导管架开展的倒塌分析,对于深水环境下的动力放大效应、P-Delta效应和桩基土壤往复运动引起的退化效应等影响平台结构极限承载力的因素均未涉及,导致计算结果偏向保守。因此,需结合南海琼东南盆地某招商区块深水环境特点[13-14],综合考虑上述3个因素,开展固定式导管架平台极限承载力的分析研究。
导管架平台是一个结构复杂且高冗余度的集合体,属于高阶超静定体系。其高冗余度保障了平台结构在超过设计工况的极端荷载作用下,能够避免发生整体倒塌等灾难性失效。针对深水导管架开展倒塌分析,是评估导管架结构极限承载能力的重要手段。
基于USFOS软件进行倒塌分析,将百年一遇的风、浪、流环境力作用在平台上,通过增量加载法对结构施加一定倍数的环境力,在每次荷载步施加后,结构自身刚度不断适应调整,同时系统自动校核杆件的受力是否超过其对应截面的塑性承载能力,一旦发现超过塑性承载能力,程序将自动在杆件连接端设置1个虚拟塑性铰,随着荷载因子的持续增大,当首个构件因塑性发展丧失承载能力后,系统荷载将重新分布达到稳定,随后继续加载,直至系统丧失整体稳定性并发生倒塌破坏。
基于上述分析原理,提出储备强度系数[15]概念作为衡量平台承载能力的1个重要指标。RSR定义为结构倒塌状态下,平台所承受的极限荷载与百年一遇环境荷载的比值:
R=Fu/Fd
式中:Fu为平台倒塌时对应的荷载,单位kN;Fd为设计百年一遇环境荷载,单位kN;R为储备强度系数,用于反映平台结构体系的储备强度水平,一般要求大于1.6。
深水导管架平台结构的自振周期大于3 s或当水深大于120 m时,需要考虑波浪的动力放大效应影响[16-17]。在深水环境中,导管架平台所受的环境荷载与浅水环境存在较大差异,尤其是波浪荷载的动力效应更为突出。当平台在动态波浪荷载作用下进入非线性响应阶段时,其动力响应会显著增加。因此,在分析平台的塑性行为时,应充分考虑动力放大效应的影响,以提高评估的准确性和可靠性。动力放大系数[18](Dynamic Amplification Factor,DAF)公式为:
FDA=1[1-(Tn/T)2]2+(2ξTn/T)2
式中:FDA为动力放大系数,指深水导管架平台在波浪动力荷载作用下,动力响应与同等幅值静荷载响应的比值;Tn为深水导管架平台单自由度的自振周期,单位s;T为环境波浪周期,单位s;ξ为阻尼因子,一般取2%。
在海洋环境荷载的作用下,深水导管架平台的重心会发生水平向的偏移,从而导致桩基础产生附加弯矩,使平台水平位移进一步加大,甚至造成整体倾覆,此现象称为P-Delta效应。对于深水导管架平台,此效应尤为显著,因此在分析时需充分考虑其对结构极限承载力的影响[19],按下式计算P-Delta效应荷载:
Δ=δ1-P/PE
式中: Δ为平台整体位移,单位m;δ为深水导管架平台一阶侧向位移,单位m;P为深水导管架桩基础平均受压荷载,单位N;PE为深水导管架平台整根桩腿的弹性临界力,单位N。
PE的计算公式如下:
PE=σE,σE≤σS2σS1-σS/4σE,σE>σS2
式中:σE为欧拉应力,单位MPa;σS为材料屈服强度,单位MPa。
其中,σE利用下式计算所得:
σE=π2EKl/r2
式中:π为圆周率;E为弹性模量,单位MPa,取2.06×105 MPa;r为惯性半径,单位m;l为桩腿计算长度,单位m;K为桩腿有效长度系数,一般取2.0。
在百年一遇极端环境荷载作用下,深水导管架平台因波浪与海流的周期性作用产生往复运动。这种运动导致桩-土交界面区域的土体发生刚度退化效应,从而降低平台结构的整体极限承载力。桩身各接触点的桩-土相互作用考虑用非线性弹簧进行模拟,桩-土相互作用的关键本构曲线包括:桩基侧向荷载P-Y曲线、桩基轴向荷载T-Z曲线和桩端承载力Q-Z曲线。其中,为了考虑桩侧土体的耗能和退化效应,采用以下公式对P-Y曲线进行修正[20]计算:
Pd=Psα+βa02+κa0ωydn
式中:Pd为修正后的横向荷载,单位N;Ps为修正前的横向荷载,单位N;ω为荷载频率,单位rad/s;d为桩基直径,单位m;a0为无量纲频率,a0=ωr0/Vs;r0为桩基半径,单位m;Vs为剪切波速,单位m/s;y为入泥深度x米处的桩基侧向位移,单位m;α、β、κ、n为常数,各参数取值如表1所示。
莺琼盆地(由莺歌海盆地、琼东南盆地组成)位于南海北部大陆架边缘,其南海某招商区块总面积1 272 km2,油气资源丰富,天然气资源量预计超过4×1012 m3,占总体资源量的2/3,资源潜力巨大。2020年5月,中国石化上海海洋油气分公司获得该区域2个区块的探矿权,分别为莺歌海盆地49/09区块、琼东南盆地64/07区块。其中,琼东南盆地位于陵水凹陷西北坡、陵水低凸起,平均水深约为200 m。
目标深水导管架平台采用“4腿转8腿”的结构型式,可大幅降低自身的结构重量,平台设置独立辅助腿式兼作下水桁架。导管架主体为4腿12裙桩,总高度290 m,共设置10个水平层,泥面处尺寸为107 m×104 m,顶部尺寸为(13+15+13)m×18 m(三跨布置)。导管架结构重量约32 000 t,上部组块钢材重12 000 t,可变荷载重15 000 t。采用USFOS软件建立深水导管架倒塌分析模型(图1)。模型材料的弹性模量为2.1×105 MPa,屈服强度为355 MPa,泊松比为0.3,材料密度为7 850 kg/m3。由于USFOS主要采用梁单元模拟导管架结构,且不考虑网格划分密度的影响,可以大幅节省计算时间。
在计算平台极限承载力时,主要考虑百年一遇环境荷载的影响[21],目标深水导管架平台在南海某招商区块百年一遇工况下的最大波高为19.2 m,对应周期为14.1 s。USFOS计算中采用Stokes五阶波浪理论,海域垂向流速分布为:表层2.43 m/s,中层2.06 m/s,底层1.55 m/s。由于风荷载主要作用于上部组块对应的受风区域,其强度相对于波浪和海流荷载较小,占比不超过10%,此次分析暂不考虑风荷载影响。环境力按0°、45°、90°、135°、180°、225°、270°、315° 8个方向施加,考虑波浪和海流荷载最大值出现在同向。此外,通过对深水导管架平台模态分析计算得知,目标平台的一阶自振周期为3.22 s,计算得到动力放大系数为1.045。
P-Delta效应荷载计算,是基于SACS软件完成的平台静力分析结果开展的,主要得到平台水平位移量以及各桩腿的支反力情况。根据式(3)—式(5)计算求得的各参数及P-Delta效应荷载如表2所示,施加在深水导管架上的附加弯矩值为130 579 kN·m。荷载施加依次执行永久荷载(平台自重及设备荷载)、计入P-Delta效应产生的附加弯矩、叠加百年一遇风暴环境荷载,并按比例增量加载直至平台整体失稳失效。
深水导管架平台桩径2.6 m,桩腿入泥102.0 m,根据南海某招商区块土壤数据资料,将土层划分为10层(图2)。取22.8 m的土层参数,通过输入土壤参数程序自动计算,同时考虑土壤退化效应的影响,根据修正公式得到的P-Y值前后对比如图3所示。在相同荷载条件下,计入土壤退化后的影响,桩身受到的侧向荷载小幅增加。
RSR表征平台在达到极限状态时所能承受百年一遇环境荷载的倍数。通过分析RSR的变化趋势,可直观掌握平台极限承载能力。按照上述分析方法,分别计算得到深水导管架平台优化前后的RSR值,表3显示了8个不同方向上的储备强度系数。通过表中数据可知,当环境荷载从不同方向作用时,平台的储备强度系数各不相同[22]。其中,RSR最大值出现在环境力从180°方向(正东面)作用工况下;当环境力沿90°方向(正南面)加载时,平台的RSR值最小,为2.15,接近规范要求的最低限值1.60,说明在90°方向上的极限承载力最薄弱,此方向上的导管架立面结构需要进一步加强。
由于45°环境力作用时,设计优化前后的RSR值变化最大,因此选取45°环境荷载工况,绘制RSR随平台整体位移变化的曲线(图4)。分析表明:平台整体位移小于0.1 m时,设计优化前后RSR值变化较小,此阶段结构响应主要受自重及固定设备荷载支配;随着环境力增强,设计优化后的最大RSR值响应时间明显缩短,当整体位移达到0.7 m时,平台开始倒塌。这证实了新增考虑的动力放大系数、P-Delta效应荷载、土壤退化效应会削弱平台整体抗力,减小其整体位移能力,使得结构在更小的整体位移下便达到极限承载力临界值,RSR值相应降低。数据显示,优化后曲线峰值较基准工况下降约0.4,直观反映了平台整体极限承载力的降低。
通过倒塌分析计算得到2种不同方法下的深水导管架平台的基底剪力和倾覆力矩(表4),对比优化前后的计算结果可以发现,不考虑动力放大效应、P-Delta效应和土壤退化效应的基底剪力和倾覆力矩均大于优化后的结果,说明优化前的计算方法更保守,忽略了深水环境对导管架倒塌抗力的影响,优化后的方法能更真实反映平台实际极限承载力。同时,在8个环境力方向作用下,90°方向的基底剪力和倾覆力矩均最小,说明该方向结构抗力最弱。
图5为优化计算得到的不同方向倾覆力矩曲线,从图中可以看出,各方向倾覆力矩值存在差异,但随着平台整体位移的增加,倾覆力矩变化趋势与储备强度系数曲线一致,即呈现先增大至峰值,随后卸载小幅下降,最终趋于平稳,与深水导管架倒塌过程中结构受力机理一致。同时,在8个方向中,90°环境力作用下平台的倾覆力矩最小,表明该方向抗外载的能力最弱,此方向上的RSR也表现出最小值。
通过计算结果发现,深水导管架平台在8个不同方向上的倒塌失效模式呈现共性特征,即土壤对桩的承载力不足造成桩顶部发生较大的弯曲变形,并伴随着平台局部构件的失效变形。图6是深水导管架平台在90°方向深水导管架塑性利用率云图,可清晰辨识各构件在抗倒塌过程中的失效时序及其损伤演化程度。
在图6a中荷载作用的初始阶段,平台在自重与设备荷载等垂向力作用下,通过桩基传递荷载。监测数据显示浅层土体率先发挥承载作用,此时导管架主体尚未参与抗倒塌机制。随着环境荷载的加入,土壤对桩端部的应力进一步增大,同时,导管架裙桩套筒处局部杆件也开始参与抵抗平台倒塌,当位移达到0.2 m时(图6b),下水桁架支腿与主腿连接处的水平横撑发生首根构件失效。随着RSR增至峰值(图6c),更多构件进入塑性阶段,结构达到极限承载力状态,此时下水桁架结构杆件出现较大弯曲变形。最终失效模式(图6d)表现为土壤承载力不足,在桩基泥面处发生大的弯曲变形,致使平台发生整体倾覆。
针对深水导管架平台极限承载力的影响因素,通过改变动力放大系数、P-Delta效应荷载和土壤退化效应3个参数值,以深水平台储备强度系数RSR为输出进行参数敏感性分析[23-24]。计算结果表明,分别考虑动力放大效应、P-Delta效应荷载和土壤退化效应3个单一影响因素时,深水平台RSR的变化率依次为-7.2%、-4.0%、-2.8%。动力放大效应对深水环境下的平台极限承载力影响最大,其次是P-Delta效应荷载。当平台作业水深超过100 m时,应计入P-Delta效应荷载的作用,土壤退化效应对极限承载力的影响最弱。
1) 通过考虑深水导管架动力放大效应、P-Delta效应和土壤退化效应计算得到的极限承载力较传统计算结果更加精确,储备强度系数在90°方向上降低约0.4,平台达到塑性应变时间也相应缩短,同时能更真实地反映导管架构件失效模式。因此,在评估深水导管架极限承载能力时,应综合考虑平台动力放大效应、P-Delta效应和土壤退化效应的影响。
2) 从平台的失效模式来看,桩基承载力不足导致桩基础失效是引起深水导管架结构整体倒塌的最主要原因,下水桁架与导管架的连接处也表现为抗力薄弱区。因此,在设计阶段,应着重提高这2个区域的构件强度。
3) 深水环境中,动力放大效应对于导管架平台的极限承载力影响最大,RSR变化率较优化前减少7.2%,其次是P-Delta效应荷载,土壤退化效应的影响最小。

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doi: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024521
  • 接收时间:2024-11-08
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2026-07-26
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    中国石化上海海洋油气分公司石油工程技术研究院,上海   200120
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
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