Article(id=1322941976827535684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, issueId=1322941491332657306, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.20260032, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1777305600000, receivedDateStr=2026-04-28, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793343546348, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1795622400000, pubDateStr=2026-11-26, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793343546348, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793343546348, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793343546348, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322941491332657306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, year='2026', volume='16', issue='6', pageStart='1137', pageEnd='1368', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1795622400000', pubDateStr='2026-11-26', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793343430598, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793344116766, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322944369447285513, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, issueId=1322941491332657306, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322944369447285514, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, issueId=1322941491332657306, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=1297, endPage=1303, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322941977557344583, articleId=1322941976827535684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, language=EN, title=A novel method for characterizing inter-well interference based on similarity of “pressure difference-production” data, columnId=1322941693024141328, journalTitle=Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, columnName=Oil and Gas Development, runingTitle=null, highlight=

During the three-dimensional development of shale oil, inter-well interference is widespread due to factors such as fracturing scale, well spacing, and simultaneous multi-well operations, which severely limit the productivity release of individual wells and the overall development performance. Currently, research methods on inter-well interference mostly rely on numerical simulation or tracer testing, which face issues such as difficulty in obtaining model parameters, high testing costs, significant influence of geological heterogeneity on interpretation results, and difficulty in rapid application at the field scale. The more severe the inter-well interference in production wells, the more significant the pressure superposition, and the more similar the characteristic data of pressure variation over time. Therefore, this study proposed a new method for characterizing inter-well interference in shale oil wells during fracturing production based on the similarity of “pressure difference-production” data. This method was based on the “pressure difference-production” data from the field, introduced the ratio of pressure difference to production to characterize the production pressure difference response characteristics per unit production, eliminated the impact of differences in well production capacity on similarity evaluation through normalization, and further used grey relational analysis to calculate the correlation degree of dynamic responses among different wells. On this basis, an interference correction coefficient determined by production differences was introduced to construct a directional comprehensive interference coefficient, quantitatively characterizing the strength of interference between interfering wells and affected wells. The method was then applied to evaluate the interference conditions in the target block. The results showed that the overall interference in the target block was strong, with interference in the eastern part distributed in strips and the western part in blocks. Peripheral wells and certain internal wells exerted weak interference on other wells. This method does not rely on numerical simulation or additional testing, features stable data sources, low implementation costs, and strong applicability at the field scale, providing technical support for optimizing fracturing parameters of shale oil well groups, adjusting production systems, and managing inter-well interference.

, articleAbstract=null, authors=ZHONGWEI WU1, XIN ZHOU1, ZUPENG LIU2, XIN CAI2, RONGTAO LI2, CHUANZHI CUI3, authorsList=ZHONGWEI WU, XIN ZHOU, ZUPENG LIU, XIN CAI, RONGTAO LI, CHUANZHI CUI, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=null, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322941981042811224, articleId=1322941976827535684, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, language=CN, title=基于“压差-产量”数据相似性的井间干扰表征新方法, columnId=1322941693259022355, journalTitle=油气藏评价与开发, columnName=油气开发, runingTitle=null, highlight=

页岩油立体开发过程中,受压裂规模、井距、多井同步作业等因素影响,井间干扰现象普遍存在,严重制约了单井产能释放与整体开发效果。目前井间干扰研究方法多依赖数值模拟或示踪剂检测,存在模型参数获取困难、测试成本较高、解释结果受地质非均质性影响明显以及矿场快速应用困难等问题。生产井间干扰越严重,压力叠加越显著,压力随时间变化的特征数据越相似。为此,本文提出了一种基于“压差-产量”数据相似性的页岩油井压裂生产井间干扰表征新方法,该方法以矿场“压差-产量”数据为基础,引入压差与产量之比表征单位产量下的生产压差响应特征,通过标准化处理消除井间产能规模差异对相似性评价的影响,同时进一步采用灰色关联分析计算不同井动态响应的关联程度,并在此基础上引入由产量差异确定的干扰修正系数,构建可表征干扰方向性的综合干扰系数,实现干扰井与被干扰井之间干扰强弱的定量表征,并将该方法应用于目标区块干扰情况评价,发现:目标区块整体干扰较强,东部干扰呈条带分布、西部呈块状分布;边缘井及部分内部井对其他井干扰较弱。该方法不依赖数值模拟、额外测试,具有数据来源稳定、实施成本低、矿场适用性强等特点,为页岩油井组压裂参数优化、生产制度调整及井间干扰治理提供技术支撑。

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吴忠维(1990—),男,博士,副教授,主要从事水驱油藏高效开发技术、CO2驱油与埋存技术、非常规油气藏压裂开发技术及储层出砂与控砂技术等方面的科研与教学工作。地址:湖北省武汉市蔡甸区大学路111号,邮政编码:430100。E-mail:

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吴忠维(1990—),男,博士,副教授,主要从事水驱油藏高效开发技术、CO2驱油与埋存技术、非常规油气藏压裂开发技术及储层出砂与控砂技术等方面的科研与教学工作。地址:湖北省武汉市蔡甸区大学路111号,邮政编码:430100。E-mail:

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吴忠维(1990—),男,博士,副教授,主要从事水驱油藏高效开发技术、CO2驱油与埋存技术、非常规油气藏压裂开发技术及储层出砂与控砂技术等方面的科研与教学工作。地址:湖北省武汉市蔡甸区大学路111号,邮政编码:430100。E-mail:

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Applied Mechanics and Materials, 2013, 291/292/293/294: 1259-1262., articleTitle=Petroleum enterprise safety investment-benefit system of gray relational analysis, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1322941981449658713, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322941976827535684, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322941981458047322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322941976827535684, companyId=1322941981449658713, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 School of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan, Hubei 430100, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1322941981470630235, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322941976827535684, companyId=1322941981449658713, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1 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井号h1h2h3h4h5h6h7h8h9h10h11h12h13h14h15h16h17
h1—1.02——1.000.61———————————
h20.74—0.86——0.611.07——————————
h3—0.57————1.081.17—————————
h4—————————————————
h51.00————0.62———0.78———————
h60.660.81——0.76—0.90——0.700.88——————
h7—0.970.83——0.58—0.99——0.960.57—————
h8——0.76———1.01—0.68——0.540.79————
h9———————1.32————1.11————
h10————0.770.68————1.18——0.971.77——
h11—————0.441.08——0.82—0.60——1.591.16—
h12——————1.261.46——0.49—0.63——1.72—
h13———————0.611.02——0.75—————
h14—————————1.03————1.80——
h15—————————0.120.39——0.11—0.55—
h16——————————0.380.17——0.86——
h17—————————————————
), ArticleFig(id=1322941993533448605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322941976827535684, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

综合干扰系数评价结果

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井号h1h2h3h4h5h6h7h8h9h10h11h12h13h14h15h16h17
h1—1.02——1.000.61———————————
h20.74—0.86——0.611.07——————————
h3—0.57————1.081.17—————————
h4—————————————————
h51.00————0.62———0.78———————
h60.660.81——0.76—0.90——0.700.88——————
h7—0.970.83——0.58—0.99——0.960.57—————
h8——0.76———1.01—0.68——0.540.79————
h9———————1.32————1.11————
h10————0.770.68————1.18——0.971.77——
h11—————0.441.08——0.82—0.60——1.591.16—
h12——————1.261.46——0.49—0.63——1.72—
h13———————0.611.02——0.75—————
h14—————————1.03————1.80——
h15—————————0.120.39——0.11—0.55—
h16——————————0.380.17——0.86——
h17—————————————————
), ArticleFig(id=1322941993604751774, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322941976827535684, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=Comparative analysis of tracer detection results and interference characterization results, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
被干扰井井号方法计算结果干扰强度排序示踪剂测试结果干扰强度排序对比结果
h1h5>h2>h6h5>h2基本一致
h2h1>h7>h6>h3h1>h6>h3一致
h3h2>h7>h8h2>h7>h8一致
h5h10>h6h10>h6一致
h6h10>h5>h1>h2>h7>h11h10>h5>h2>h7>h11一致
h7h12>h3>h11>h2>h8>h6h12>h8>h6基本一致
h8h12>h9>h3>h7>h13h7>h3>h13基本一致
h9h13>h8h13>h8一致
h10h14>h11>h5>h6>h15h14>h11>h5>h15>h6基本一致
h11h10>h7>h6>h12>h15>h16h12>h10>h6基本一致
h12h13>h11>h7>h8>h16h11>h8一致
h13h9>h8>h12h9>h8一致
h14h10>h15h10>h15一致
h15h14>h10>h11>h16h14>h16>h10基本一致
h16h12>h11>h15h11>h15一致
), ArticleFig(id=1322941993688637855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322941976827535684, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

示踪剂检测结果与干扰表征结果对比分析

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被干扰井井号方法计算结果干扰强度排序示踪剂测试结果干扰强度排序对比结果
h1h5>h2>h6h5>h2基本一致
h2h1>h7>h6>h3h1>h6>h3一致
h3h2>h7>h8h2>h7>h8一致
h5h10>h6h10>h6一致
h6h10>h5>h1>h2>h7>h11h10>h5>h2>h7>h11一致
h7h12>h3>h11>h2>h8>h6h12>h8>h6基本一致
h8h12>h9>h3>h7>h13h7>h3>h13基本一致
h9h13>h8h13>h8一致
h10h14>h11>h5>h6>h15h14>h11>h5>h15>h6基本一致
h11h10>h7>h6>h12>h15>h16h12>h10>h6基本一致
h12h13>h11>h7>h8>h16h11>h8一致
h13h9>h8>h12h9>h8一致
h14h10>h15h10>h15一致
h15h14>h10>h11>h16h14>h16>h10基本一致
h16h12>h11>h15h11>h15一致
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基于“压差-产量”数据相似性的井间干扰表征新方法
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吴忠维 1 , 周欣 1 , 刘祖鹏 2 , 蔡鑫 2 , 李荣涛 2 , 崔传智 3
油气藏评价与开发 | 油气开发 2026,16(6): 1297-1303
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油气藏评价与开发 |油气开发 2026 , 16 (6) : 1297 -1303
基于“压差-产量”数据相似性的井间干扰表征新方法
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吴忠维(1990—),男,博士,副教授,主要从事水驱油藏高效开发技术、CO2驱油与埋存技术、非常规油气藏压裂开发技术及储层出砂与控砂技术等方面的科研与教学工作。地址:湖北省武汉市蔡甸区大学路111号,邮政编码:430100。E-mail:

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吴忠维(1990—),男,博士,副教授,主要从事水驱油藏高效开发技术、CO2驱油与埋存技术、非常规油气藏压裂开发技术及储层出砂与控砂技术等方面的科研与教学工作。地址:湖北省武汉市蔡甸区大学路111号,邮政编码:430100。E-mail:

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吴忠维1 , 周欣1, 刘祖鹏2, 蔡鑫2, 李荣涛2, 崔传智3
作者信息
  • 1 长江大学石油工程学院,湖北   武汉   430100
  • 2 胜利油田勘探开发研究院,山东   东营   257100
  • 3 中国石油大学(华东),山东   青岛   266580
作者简介:

吴忠维(1990—),男,博士,副教授,主要从事水驱油藏高效开发技术、CO2驱油与埋存技术、非常规油气藏压裂开发技术及储层出砂与控砂技术等方面的科研与教学工作。地址:湖北省武汉市蔡甸区大学路111号,邮政编码:430100。E-mail:

A novel method for characterizing inter-well interference based on similarity of “pressure difference-production” data
ZHONGWEI WU1 , XIN ZHOU1, ZUPENG LIU2, XIN CAI2, RONGTAO LI2, CHUANZHI CUI3
Affiliations
  • 1 School of Petroleum Engineering, Yangtze University, Wuhan, Hubei 430100, China
  • 2 Exploration and Development Research Institute, Dongying, Shandong 257100, China
  • 3 China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, Shandong 266580, China
出版时间: 2026-11-26 doi: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.20260032
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页岩油  /  数据相似性  /  井间干扰  /  灰色关联分析  /  压差-产量
shale oil  /  data similarity  /  inter-well interference  /  grey relational analysis  /  pressure difference-production
吴忠维, 周欣, 刘祖鹏, 蔡鑫, 李荣涛, 崔传智. 基于“压差-产量”数据相似性的井间干扰表征新方法. 油气藏评价与开发, 2026 , 16 (6) : 1297 -1303 . DOI: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.20260032
ZHONGWEI WU, XIN ZHOU, ZUPENG LIU, XIN CAI, RONGTAO LI, CHUANZHI CUI. A novel method for characterizing inter-well interference based on similarity of “pressure difference-production” data[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2026 , 16 (6) : 1297 -1303 . DOI: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.20260032
随着非常规油气资源的大规模开发,页岩油逐渐成为油气增储上产的重要接替资源。受制于页岩储层渗透率低、非均质性强等特征,矿场开发普遍采用大规模体积压裂与立体井网部署方式[1],以提高单井控制储量、储层整体动用程度。然而,在井距不断缩小、多井同步压裂与长期并行生产条件下,井间压力传递与流体相互扰动现象日益突出,井间干扰已成为制约页岩油井组稳产与开发效果的重要因素之一[2-3]。
针对生产井间干扰问题,国内外学者开展了大量研究工作[4-5],这些研究主要可分为三部分:一是基于数值模拟方法,通过构建多井渗流模型或裂缝网络模型,分析不同井距、压裂参数及生产制度等条件下的井间干扰机理及影响因素作用规律[6-8];二是基于压力测试与干扰试井方法,利用压力传播响应特征识别井间连通关系及干扰强弱[9-11];三是运用示踪剂监测、微地震等手段分析裂缝延伸规律与井间连通特征,并进行定性或半定量干扰评价[12-13]。这些方法在机理认识、小尺度分析等方面取得了一定进展,但在实际矿场应用中仍存在明显局限,具体如下:对于基于数值模拟方法的井间干扰研究,其对地质模型、裂缝参数及渗流假设高度依赖,且参数获取难度大,结果不确定性较高;对于基于压力测试与示踪剂等方法的井间干扰研究,其实施成本高、周期长,难以满足密井网条件下多井、长期、连续干扰评价需求。此外,已有研究主要关注井间连通性或干扰强弱,较少从“压差-产量”这类生产动态角度,系统刻画井间干扰的相对贡献关系,尤其难以反映井间干扰的方向性差异(即A井与B井相互干扰强度不同),限制了研究成果在生产优化与井组调整中的指导价值。
随着油田数字化水平的提升,现场生产过程中积累了大量连续、稳定的压力与产量等动态数据,为基于数据驱动的井间干扰分析提供了新思路[14],如李艳静[15]基于“干扰越严重,压力叠加越显著”的认识,以压力数据为对象,运用灰色关联分析实现压裂井生产干扰定量评价。该方法与传统方法相比具有数据来源稳定、实施成本低、矿场适用性强等优势。但该方法存在忽略干扰方向性的关键缺陷。基于此,本文构建了基于“压差-产量”数据相似性的页岩油压裂生产井间干扰表征新方法。该方法以现场压力与产量数据为基础,通过“压差-产量”归一化处理消除井间产能规模差异的影响,引入灰色关联分析方法刻画井间生产动态变化趋势的相似程度,并进一步结合产量权重构建综合干扰系数,实现井间干扰强弱及方向性的定量表征。该研究为页岩油井组开发调整提供技术支撑。
页岩油井生产动态数据主要包括井口压力(油压)、产量等,生产过程中,压力响应与产量变化存在耦合关系,在其他条件基本一致时,井底压力降低(生产压差增大)通常对应产量增加;反之亦然。基于这一认识,可利用压力与产量的组合参数表征不同井生产动态响应特征。井口压力数据的相似性可以通过灰色关联分析方法的关联系数定量评价,但该关联系数直接用于评价生产井间干扰时,忽略了生产井间干扰的方向性。干扰方向性源于产量规模差异:产量越大,压降漏斗越大,其对邻近井干扰也越大[16]。因此,构建了基于“压差-产量”数据相似性的页岩油井压裂生产井间干扰表征新方法,具体步骤包括:页岩油井生产动态数据处理、关联性分析、考虑干扰方向性的综合干扰表征。
无限大油藏压裂水平井井底压降与产量的关系可以通过将水平井离散成多个点源(图1a),再运用压力叠加原理将各点源在井底产生的压降叠加而获得;即以点源所呈现出的压降与产量关系为基础,通过线性运算即可获得压裂水平井井底压降与产量的关系。
基于以上分析,以无限大油藏内一口直井(单个点源)为对象(图1b),厘清压差与产量关系,模型详细假设如下:①储层为均质等厚、各向同性油藏,孔隙度、渗透率保持恒定,无限大储层。②储层中为单相原油流动,原油黏度和体积系数为常数,岩石和流体均为微可压缩,综合压缩系数为常数,满足线性渗流条件。③油井以恒定产量生产,满足不稳定渗流条件,压力传播符合热传导型扩散方程。④不考虑井筒储集效应和表皮系数对压力响应的影响。依据渗流理论,结合以上假设条件,可得油藏点源井底压力与产量的响应关系,见式(1)[17-18]:
pwf(r,t)=pi-qμB345.6πKh[-Ei(-r214.4ηt)]
式中:pwf(r,t)为在时间t时、距离井中心r处的井底流压,单位MPa;pi为地层初始压力,单位MPa;q为井产量,单位m3/d;μ为原油黏度,单位mPa·s;B为体积系数;K为储层渗透率,单位μm2;h为储层厚度,单位m;η为导压系数,单位m2/d。
井间干扰分析的核心,在于对比不同井生产动态变化特征的相似性。由于不同井在储层条件、完井方式及生产制度等方面存在差异,其产量与压力水平往往相差较大,直接基于压力数据进行对比时,易受井间产能规模差异影响,进而干扰井间干扰程度判断。基于此,将生产动态数据(压力、产量)转化为压力与产量之比,其表达式见式(2):
pwf(r,t)q=piq-μB4πKh[-Ei(-r24ηt)]
由式(2)可见,原始地层压力项pi/q会引入与产量相关的“非线性”关联,因此对式(2)进一步化简,消去与初始地层压力相关项,得到生产压差与产量之比表达式,见式(3):
pi-pwf(r,t)q=μB4πKh[-Ei(-r24ηt)]
引入压差与产量之比,将不同井的压力响应转化为单位产量下的生产压差响应特征,可有效消除井间产能规模差异对动态数据相似性评价的干扰,使各井生产动态数据具备横向可比性,为后续基于生产动态特征相似性开展井间干扰识别与分析奠定数据基础。
井间干扰表现为不同井生产动态变化的相互响应,具有非线性强、样本数量有限等特点,传统统计方法难以有效刻画。为进一步定量评估各井之间干扰程度,需引入灰色关联分析方法[19-21]。通过计算“压差与产量之比”的灰色关联度,可以明确各井“压差与产量之比”之间的关联强弱,为后续综合干扰系数的计算提供科学依据,从而实现井间干扰量化表征。
对原始压力、产量动态数据预处理后,各井“压差/产量”参数数值量级差异较大,因此开展极值标准化处理,公式如下:
x'i(k)=xi(k)-min(xi)max(xi)-min(xi)
式中:x'i(k)为标准化后的“压差与产量之比”,xi(k)为第i口井在第k个时间点的原始参数(“压差与产量之比”),k为时间点个数,k=1,2,⋅⋅⋅,n;min(xi),max(xi)为第i口井在整个时间段的“压差与产量之比”最小值和“压差与产量之比”最大值。
标准化后的“压差与产量之比”数据可用于计算每口井与目标井的“压差与产量比”数据的关联度系数:
ξi(k)=Δmin+ρΔmaxΔi(k)+ρΔmax
式中:ξi(k)为第i口井在第k个时间点对目标井的灰色关联系数;Δi(k)=x0'(k)-xi'(k)为目标井与第i口井在第k个时间点的标准化后的“压差与产量之比”差值;Δmin,Δmax为所有标准化后的“压差与产量之比”差值中的最小值和最大值; ρ∈(0,1)为分辨系数,通常取0.5。
基于式(5)可得第i口井对目标井的每个时间点上的“压差与产量之比”数据的灰色关联系数,再将每个时间点的灰色关联系数求平均,即得到第i口井对目标井的灰色关联度:
γi=1n∑k=1nξi(k)
式中:γi为第i口井对目标井的灰色关联度;n为时间点个数。
关联度数值越大,表明井间的“压差与产量之比”数据相似性越强,为后续综合干扰系数的计算提供了依据。
灰色关联度能够反映“压差与产量之比”数据的相似程度,但未考虑不同井与目标井间干扰的方向性,即干扰井对被干扰井、被干扰井对干扰井的干扰程度不同,该方向性是由产量规模差异所引起。因此,在灰色关联度的基础上引入干扰修正系数,构建综合干扰系数,用于定量描述井间干扰强弱。
从矿场实践可知:①生产井产液速度越大,其对邻近井干扰越严重;②生产干扰具有方向性,这种方向性主要是由井产量差异导致;因此当干扰井与被干扰井的产液量增加相同倍数时,井间干扰不变,即评价干扰的综合干扰系数应保持不变。基于以上认识,引入干扰修正系数,计算公式如下:
δ=1+qi¯-q0¯qmax
式中:δ为干扰修正系数,小数;qi¯为干扰井平均产量,单位m3/d;q0¯为被干扰井平均产量,单位m3/d;qmax为干扰井产量、被干扰井产量中的最大值,单位m3/d。
综合“压差与产量之比”灰色关联度、干扰修正系数,建立综合干扰系数表征公式,如下:
γi,c=δγi=(1+qi¯-q0¯qmax)γi
式中:γi,c为综合干扰系数;γi为井间灰色关联度。
综合干扰系数不仅可体现井间干扰的方向性,还能定量表征井间干扰强弱。该井间干扰表征新方法不依赖复杂数值模型和额外监测手段,仅利用常规生产数据即可实现井间干扰关系的定量识别与排序,具有实施成本低、矿场适用性强的特点。
基于某页岩油藏平均物性建立数值模拟机理模型(见图2),其包括2口水平井A与B,A水平井水平段长1 952 m,压裂段数23段,平均段间距24 m;B水平井水平段长2 005 m,压裂段数33段,平均段间距22 m。模型总网格数为450 000(150×150×20),每个网格大小为20 m×20 m×10 m。模型渗透率为0.057 7 μm²,孔隙度为5.8%,最大水平主应力平均值为66.7 MPa,最小水平主应力平均值为56.7 MPa,杨氏模量平均值为18.73 GPa。设置B井产液量分别为45、90、135 m3/d,定量分析产量差异对井间干扰的影响。
图3为A井与B井的综合干扰系数随干扰井产量变化规律。从图中可知:在两口井产液速度为45 m³/d 的投产条件下,两井之间的综合干扰系数一致(A对B与B对A均为0.6623),压力场分布比较均衡,并未体现出明显的方向性特征。而随着干扰井产液速度提高至90 m3/d和135 m3/d,井间干扰逐渐呈现出明显的方向性特征。B井对A井的综合干扰系数分别增加至1.05和1.16,而A井对B井的综合干扰系数则下降至0.35和0.23。
结果表明,井间干扰呈现显著的方向性特征。当两口井的产量差异较小时,井间综合干扰系数呈对称分布,未表现出明显的方向性;而随着干扰井产液速度的增大,井间干扰的方向性特征逐渐凸显:高产井对低产井的干扰作用增强,低产井对高产井干扰减弱。
选取某页岩油区块立体井组作为研究对象,井组共包括17口井,井组中各井纵向分布如图4所示。原油黏度2.42 mPa·s,井距为400 m,排距为42 m。
收集17口井的原始压力、产量动态数据,运用所建立的页岩油井生产井间干扰表征新方法,获得生产井间干扰表征参数——综合干扰系数(表1)。以第一列为例,h2、h5、h6井对h1井存在干扰,且依据综合干扰系数可得,h5井对h1井的干扰影响最强,其次是h2井,干扰最小的井为h6井。依据表1中数据,结合页岩油井组中各井纵向分布位置,获得了该区块井间干扰图(图5)。从图5中可知,以井点为起始的箭头表示该井与周围井的干扰关系,箭头指向受该井强干扰的邻井位置,即箭头所指方向对应干扰贡献较大的井;箭头长度反映综合干扰系数的相对大小,箭头越长,说明该井对目标井的干扰作用越强。从干扰整体分布可知,目标区块整体干扰严重,压裂后形成了统一的压力箱体,但局部干扰差异显著,东部干扰井呈条带分布,而西部干扰井呈块状分布。边缘井h14仅对邻近h10、h15井表现出较强干扰,对其余井无明显干扰;h4、h17及部分内部井(h6、h11)对其他井的干扰较小。
为验证干扰表征新方法可靠性,收集了15口井的示踪剂检测数据,对比示踪剂检测结果与干扰表征结果(表2)。现选取3口井h5、h11及h12井进行对比介绍,图6为h5井示踪剂检测结果,发现h6井与h10井的示踪剂均在h5井的产液中发现,且h10井峰值高、出现快(图6),说明h10井对h5井的生产干扰强于h6井对h5井的生产干扰。结合表1第5列可知,h10井对h5井的综合干扰系数为0.77,h6井对h5井的综合干扰系数为0.76,即h10井对h5井的生产干扰强于h6 井对 h5 井的生产干扰。干扰评价的相对关系与示踪剂检测结果一致。h11井的示踪剂检测结果见图7,从示踪剂检测结果可知,对h11井生产干扰最强的井为h12井,其次为h10井,最弱的为h6井;该示踪剂检测结果与本文方法计算的干扰强弱结果基本一致(其中h12、h10井的干扰强弱排序存在小幅偏差)。h12井示踪剂检测结果见图8,从示踪剂检测结果可知,对h12井生产干扰最强的井为h11井,其次是h8井;该示踪剂检测结果与本文方法计算的干扰强弱结果一致。同理,对比剩余12口井的方法计算结果与示踪剂测试结果,对比结果见表2。由表2可见,两类评价结果整体吻合程度较高,各井判识结果均未出现明显偏差,井间相对关系基本匹配。这表明该方法能够较准确地反映井间连通关系及干扰强度,具有较高可靠性。个别差异主要受储层非均质性、裂缝及示踪剂运移复杂性影响。
针对页岩油立体井组开发过程中井间干扰难以快速、定量表征的问题,依托现场压差-产量生产动态数据,提出了一种基于数据相似性的井间干扰表征新方法,并通过与矿场示踪剂检测结果对比验证了方法的可靠性,主要结论如下:
1)对压差、产量动态数据进行归一化处理,将各井压力响应转化为单位产量下的相对变化特征,消除产能规模差异对干扰评价结果的影响,再引入灰色关联分析方法,对井间生产动态变化趋势的相似性进行定量刻画,并构建综合干扰系数,实现井间干扰强弱与方向性的定量表征。
2)矿场应用表明,目标区块井组内井间干扰程度差异显著,空间上呈明显方向性与集中分布特征。区块整体干扰强烈,东部干扰呈条带分布,西部呈块状分布。边缘井(h4、h14、h17)及部分内部井(h6、h11)对其他井干扰较弱。
3)所建井间干扰表征方法不依赖复杂数值模型与额外监测手段,仅依靠常规生产数据即可实现井间干扰定量识别与排序,具有成本低、矿场适用性强等优势,可为页岩油密井网条件下井位部署优化、生产制度调整及开发效果评价提供有效支撑。

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2026年第16卷第6期
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doi: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.20260032
  • 接收时间:2026-04-28
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2026-11-26
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  • 收稿日期:2026-04-28
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    1 长江大学石油工程学院,湖北   武汉   430100
    2 胜利油田勘探开发研究院,山东   东营   257100
    3 中国石油大学(华东),山东   青岛   266580
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