Article(id=1322942085350958000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, issueId=1322941718441623734, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025100, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1745251200000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-22, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793343572222, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1779724800000, pubDateStr=2026-05-26, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793343572222, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793343572222, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793343572222, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322941718441623734, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, year='2026', volume='16', issue='3', pageStart='489', pageEnd='736', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1779724800000', pubDateStr='2026-05-26', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793343484745, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793344165564, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322944574066402279, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, issueId=1322941718441623734, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322944574070596584, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, issueId=1322941718441623734, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=630, endPage=641, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322942085896217521, articleId=1322942085350958000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, language=EN, title=Research on optimization of favorable production and construction areas and development technical policies for Dingshan block, columnId=1322941693024141328, journalTitle=Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, columnName=Oil and Gas Development, runingTitle=null, highlight=

The Dingshan block in the Qijiang shale gas field has abundant shale gas resources and great potential for production increase. However, due to the combined influence of geological factors such as complex structures, faults, and in-situ stress, gas well productivity varies significantly. The favorable production and construction units are not yet clear, and the design of targeted development technical policies is difficult, posing significant challenges for achieving overall efficient development. Through detailed reservoir characterization, seven geological factors were selected, including structure, fractures, burial depth, formation dip angle, gas content, formation pressure coefficient, and in-situ stress, to establish zoning evaluation criteria. On this basis, combined with the analysis of the main controlling factors of productivity and zone-specific investment-benefit calculations, zone 2 and zone 3 were identified as favorable areas for production and construction. An integrated technology of geological modeling, fracturing simulation, and numerical simulation centered on “natural fracture + hydraulic fracture” coupled propagation simulation was adopted to simulate the horizontal and vertical propagation patterns of hydraulic fracturing fractures under different stimulation scales. An embedded discrete fracture model (EDFM) was constructed, and numerical simulation models of EDFM were established for different zones. Through the integrated technical-economic evaluation, well pattern deployment schemes with different target window positions, horizontal well orientations, well spacings, and horizontal section lengths were designed, and differentiated development technical policies for different zones were optimized and formulated. The results showed that under the current development conditions, economic and effective development could be achieved in zone 2 and zone 3. The reasonable horizontal well traverse layers were the 12th to 32nd sublayers, with a horizontal section length of 1 900-2 100 m, an angle between the horizontal well and the maximum horizontal principal stress of 60°-85°, and a well spacing of 300-350m. Well spacing could be appropriately increased by 50-100 m in fracture-developed areas and near existing wells. The research findings provide technical support for the formulation of production and construction plans for zone 2 and zone 3 in the Dingshan block, and offer a feasible technical approach and method for efficient shale gas development under complex geological conditions.

, articleAbstract=null, authors=NANYING LI1, YONG ZHAO1, QIN LI2, HAITAO CAO1, XIANCHAO CHEN2, XINGMENG WANG1, LIUYANG XIANG1, authorsList=NANYING LI, YONG ZHAO, QIN LI, HAITAO CAO, XIANCHAO CHEN, XINGMENG WANG, LIUYANG XIANG, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=YONG ZHAO, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322942095073354706, articleId=1322942085350958000, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, language=CN, title=丁山区块有利产建区优选及开发技术政策研究, columnId=1322941693259022355, journalTitle=油气藏评价与开发, columnName=油气开发, runingTitle=null, highlight=

綦江页岩气田丁山区块页岩气资源量丰富,上产潜力巨大,但受复杂构造、断缝及地应力等地质因素综合影响,气井产能差异显著,有利产建单元尚不明确,针对性开发技术政策设计难度较大,整体效益开发面临较大挑战。通过开展气藏精细描述研究,选取构造、裂缝、埋深、地层倾角、含气量、地层压力系数、地应力7项地质要素,建立了分区评价标准。在此基础上,结合产能主控因素分析、分区投资-效益测算,明确落实中2区、中3区为有利产建区。采用以“天然裂缝+人工裂缝”耦合扩展模拟为核心的地质建模-压裂模拟-数值模拟一体化技术,模拟不同改造规模下水力压裂裂缝横纵向扩展规律,构建嵌入式离散裂缝模型(EDFM),建立不同分区EDFM数值模拟模型。通过技术-经济一体化评价,设计不同靶窗位置、水平井方位、井距及水平段长度的井网部署方案,优化并制定分区差异性开发技术政策。研究结果表明:在现有开发条件下,中2区、中3区可实现经济有效开发;合理水平井穿行层位为12—32小层,水平段长度1 900~2 100 m,水平井与最大水平主应力夹角为60°~85°,井距300~350 m;裂缝发育区及老井附近井距可适当增加50~100 m。研究成果为丁山区块中2区、中3区产建方案编制提供了技术支撑,为复杂地质条件下页岩气高效开发提供了可行的技术思路和方法。

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李南颖(1991—),女,硕士,副研究员,从事页岩气气藏工程与数值模拟研究。地址:四川省成都市高新区吉泰路688号,邮政编码610500。E-mail:

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赵勇(1981—),男,本科,副研究员,从事页岩气气藏工程与数值模拟研究。地址:四川省成都市高新区吉泰路688号,邮政编码610500。E-mail:
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李南颖(1991—),女,硕士,副研究员,从事页岩气气藏工程与数值模拟研究。地址:四川省成都市高新区吉泰路688号,邮政编码610500。E-mail:

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articleId=1322942085350958000, language=EN, label=Fig. 12, caption=Relationship between EUR of new wells and well spacing under different cumulative gas production levels of existing wells, figureFileSmall=xObN2Pafb6aj4AYew6/51w==, figureFileBig=NMzyqxQBysMTHiZqTHEXcw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322942111422750752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942085350958000, language=CN, label=图12, caption=老井不同累计产气量下不同开发井距与新井EUR关系, figureFileSmall=xObN2Pafb6aj4AYew6/51w==, figureFileBig=NMzyqxQBysMTHiZqTHEXcw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322942111489859617, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942085350958000, language=EN, label=Fig. 13, caption=Numerical simulation models with different horizontal section lengths, figureFileSmall=p1JaSbrOD4lAdc3XBL+9xg==, figureFileBig=A5RJXFiawNU5jvnpDoieBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322942111552774178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942085350958000, language=CN, label=图13, caption=不同水平段长度数值模拟模型, figureFileSmall=p1JaSbrOD4lAdc3XBL+9xg==, figureFileBig=A5RJXFiawNU5jvnpDoieBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322942111611494435, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942085350958000, language=EN, label=Fig. 14, caption=Relationship of horizontal section length with EUR increment and unit oil and gas development cost, figureFileSmall=phFuYYM3qJfD/vVcvl2OFg==, figureFileBig=I37dtXZAiXS/DxOZ0i7Log==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322942111674408996, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942085350958000, language=CN, label=图14, caption=不同水平段长度与EUR增量和单位油气开发成本关系, figureFileSmall=phFuYYM3qJfD/vVcvl2OFg==, figureFileBig=I37dtXZAiXS/DxOZ0i7Log==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1322942111741517862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942085350958000, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=Evaluation criteria for fine zoning of Dingshan block, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

构造

部位

裂缝发育

程度

埋深/m

地层倾角/

(°)

含气量/(m3/t)地层压力系数最小水平主应力/MPa
鼻核发育<2 000(中浅层)<10<6

低压

(<0.9)

低应力(<70)
鼻中、鼻端较发育2 000~<3 500(中深层)10~<206~<7

常压

(0.9~<1.3)

中应力(70~<90)
翼部欠发育3 500~<4 500(深层)≥20≥7

高压

(≥1.3)

高应力(≥90)
), ArticleFig(id=1322942111837986855, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942085350958000, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

丁山区块精细分区评价标准

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

构造

部位

裂缝发育

程度

埋深/m

地层倾角/

(°)

含气量/(m3/t)地层压力系数最小水平主应力/MPa
鼻核发育<2 000(中浅层)<10<6

低压

(<0.9)

低应力(<70)
鼻中、鼻端较发育2 000~<3 500(中深层)10~<206~<7

常压

(0.9~<1.3)

中应力(70~<90)
翼部欠发育3 500~<4 500(深层)≥20≥7

高压

(≥1.3)

高应力(≥90)
), ArticleFig(id=1322942111934455848, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942085350958000, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=Comprehensive evaluation of geological zoning in Dingshan block, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分区埋深/m厚度/m含气量/(m3/t)地层倾角/(°)裂缝发育程度地层压力系数最小水平主应力/MPa水平应力差/MPa
西1区3 500~4 50030~336.520~30欠发育1.3~1.690~11015~25
西2区1 800~3 50026~315.710~30局部发育1.0~1.345~7010~20
中1区4 000~4 50032~347.35~15局部发育1.6~1.990~11015~20
中2区3 500~4 00030~337.010~20发育1.3~1.670~9013~20
中3区1 800~3 50026~316.610~20较发育1.0~1.350~7010~15
东1区4 000~4 50028~337.110~20欠发育1.6~2.090~11015~28
东2区3 500~4 00028~307.010~30局部发育1.3~1.670~9010~18
东3区1 800~3 50025~305.610~30局部发育1.0~1.350~7010~15
), ArticleFig(id=1322942112035119145, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942085350958000, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

丁山区块地质分区综合评价

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分区埋深/m厚度/m含气量/(m3/t)地层倾角/(°)裂缝发育程度地层压力系数最小水平主应力/MPa水平应力差/MPa
西1区3 500~4 50030~336.520~30欠发育1.3~1.690~11015~25
西2区1 800~3 50026~315.710~30局部发育1.0~1.345~7010~20
中1区4 000~4 50032~347.35~15局部发育1.6~1.990~11015~20
中2区3 500~4 00030~337.010~20发育1.3~1.670~9013~20
中3区1 800~3 50026~316.610~20较发育1.0~1.350~7010~15
东1区4 000~4 50028~337.110~20欠发育1.6~2.090~11015~28
东2区3 500~4 00028~307.010~30局部发育1.3~1.670~9010~18
东3区1 800~3 50025~305.610~30局部发育1.0~1.350~7010~15
), ArticleFig(id=1322942112177725482, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942085350958000, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=Production capacity-investment benefit evaluation of zoning in Dingshan block, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分区

单井平

均段长/

m

单井平

均投资/

万元

井均

EUR/

108 m3

经济极限可采储量/108 m3经济可行性
西1、2区1 700~1 8505 000~8 0000.40~0.530.60~0.78不可行
中1区1 6008 4000.650.90不可行
中2区1 8006 2000.740.73可行
中3区2 0004 8000.620.60可行
东1、2、3区1 600~2 0504 800~8 4000.45~0.650.60~0.90不可行
), ArticleFig(id=1322942112240640043, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942085350958000, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

丁山区块分区产能-投资效益评价

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分区

单井平

均段长/

m

单井平

均投资/

万元

井均

EUR/

108 m3

经济极限可采储量/108 m3经济可行性
西1、2区1 700~1 8505 000~8 0000.40~0.530.60~0.78不可行
中1区1 6008 4000.650.90不可行
中2区1 8006 2000.740.73可行
中3区2 0004 8000.620.60可行
东1、2、3区1 600~2 0504 800~8 4000.45~0.650.60~0.90不可行
), ArticleFig(id=1322942112316137516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942085350958000, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=Parameters and simulation results of hydraulic fracture propagation models for zone 2 and zone 3 in Dingshan block, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分区方案

用液强度/

(m3/m)

加砂强度/

(m3/m)

施工排量/

(m3/min)

模拟结果
缝长/m缝高/m
中2区方案一151.4188025.5
方案二201.81810926.0
方案三252.11813027.5
方案四302.31814328.5
方案五252.41813029.0
方案六302.61814330.0
中3区方案一151.2188627.0
方案二201.41811729.0
方案三251.51813630.5
方案四301.61815131.5
方案五251.81813632.0
方案六302.01815132.5
), ArticleFig(id=1322942112588767277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942085350958000, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

丁山区块中2区、中3区人工裂缝扩展模拟模型参数及模拟结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分区方案

用液强度/

(m3/m)

加砂强度/

(m3/m)

施工排量/

(m3/min)

模拟结果
缝长/m缝高/m
中2区方案一151.4188025.5
方案二201.81810926.0
方案三252.11813027.5
方案四302.31814328.5
方案五252.41813029.0
方案六302.61814330.0
中3区方案一151.2188627.0
方案二201.41811729.0
方案三251.51813630.5
方案四301.61815131.5
方案五251.81813632.0
方案六302.01815132.5
), ArticleFig(id=1322942112668459054, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942085350958000, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=Statistical geological parameters of different development sublayers in zone 2 and zone 3,Dingshan block, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

地质

小层

开发

小层

孔隙度/

%

含气量/

(m3/t)

TOC含量/

%

脆性矿物

含量/%

最小水平主应力/MPa

水平两向

应力差/MPa

综合

评价

664.132.851.3857.4585.3316.06Ⅲ
554.182.991.5258.9385.1116.28Ⅲ
444.413.372.2259.1884.8914.78ⅡB
3334.703.942.6663.0785.5014.89ⅡB
325.094.823.3368.7983.1714.61ⅡA
315.355.624.0474.8082.7614.67ⅡA
225.626.555.2681.3982.2815.56ⅡA
1134.754.772.8876.9584.2217.28ⅡA
125.265.474.2073.0282.7815.92ⅡA
114.734.112.6963.0184.6115.67ⅡB
), ArticleFig(id=1322942113004003375, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942085350958000, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

丁山区块中2区、中3区不同开发小层地质参数统计

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

地质

小层

开发

小层

孔隙度/

%

含气量/

(m3/t)

TOC含量/

%

脆性矿物

含量/%

最小水平主应力/MPa

水平两向

应力差/MPa

综合

评价

664.132.851.3857.4585.3316.06Ⅲ
554.182.991.5258.9385.1116.28Ⅲ
444.413.372.2259.1884.8914.78ⅡB
3334.703.942.6663.0785.5014.89ⅡB
325.094.823.3368.7983.1714.61ⅡA
315.355.624.0474.8082.7614.67ⅡA
225.626.555.2681.3982.2815.56ⅡA
1134.754.772.8876.9584.2217.28ⅡA
125.265.474.2073.0282.7815.92ⅡA
114.734.112.6963.0184.6115.67ⅡB
), ArticleFig(id=1322942113100472368, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942085350958000, language=EN, label=Table 6, caption=Well trajectory orientation deployment patterns in zone 2 and zone 3 of Dingshan block, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分区断层地应力方位/(°)井轨迹部署原则井轨迹方位/(°)部署模式
级别走向
中2区C级、D级北东向70~95D级及以下断层(含断裂不发育),井轨迹方向垂直于最大水平主应力;C级及以上断层,井轨迹方向顺断层部署与最大主应力夹角应尽量大于60°5~34
中3区B级、C级北东向—近南北向85~9510~45
), ArticleFig(id=1322942113175969841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942085350958000, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

丁山区块中2区、中3区井轨迹方向部署模式

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分区断层地应力方位/(°)井轨迹部署原则井轨迹方位/(°)部署模式
级别走向
中2区C级、D级北东向70~95D级及以下断层(含断裂不发育),井轨迹方向垂直于最大水平主应力;C级及以上断层,井轨迹方向顺断层部署与最大主应力夹角应尽量大于60°5~34
中3区B级、C级北东向—近南北向85~9510~45
), ArticleFig(id=1322942113477959730, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942085350958000, language=EN, label=Table 7, caption=Parameters of EDFM numerical simulation models for well groups in zone 2 and zone 3, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
井组

大小/

(m×m)

网格储量丰度/(108 m3/km2)

地层压力/

MPa

渗透率/10-3 μm2
基质SRV
X52 240×2 580112×129×115.956.410-510-2~10-4
X32 010×1 600105×80×94.128.510-510-2~10-4
), ArticleFig(id=1322942113587011635, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942085350958000, language=CN, label=表7, caption=

中2区、中3区EDFM井组数值模拟模型参数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
井组

大小/

(m×m)

网格储量丰度/(108 m3/km2)

地层压力/

MPa

渗透率/10-3 μm2
基质SRV
X52 240×2 580112×129×115.956.410-510-2~10-4
X32 010×1 600105×80×94.128.510-510-2~10-4
), ArticleFig(id=1322942115407339573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942085350958000, language=EN, label=Table 8, caption=Differentiated development technical strategies for zone 2 and zone 3 in Dingshan block, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
研究区靶窗位置水平井参数
长度/m方位/(°)井距/m
中2区12—32小层1 9005~34(与最大主应力夹角61~85)350(裂缝发育区400~450)
中3区12—32小层2 10010~45(与最大主应力夹角60~80)300(裂缝发育区350~400)
), ArticleFig(id=1322942115533168694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942085350958000, language=CN, label=表8, caption=

丁山区块中2、中3区差异化开发技术政策

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
研究区靶窗位置水平井参数
长度/m方位/(°)井距/m
中2区12—32小层1 9005~34(与最大主应力夹角61~85)350(裂缝发育区400~450)
中3区12—32小层2 10010~45(与最大主应力夹角60~80)300(裂缝发育区350~400)
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丁山区块有利产建区优选及开发技术政策研究
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李南颖 1 , 赵勇 1 , 李沁 2 , 曹海涛 1 , 陈先超 2 , 王幸蒙 1 , 向刘洋 1
油气藏评价与开发 | 油气开发 2026,16(3): 630-641
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油气藏评价与开发 |油气开发 2026 , 16 (3) : 630 -641
丁山区块有利产建区优选及开发技术政策研究
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李南颖(1991—),女,硕士,副研究员,从事页岩气气藏工程与数值模拟研究。地址:四川省成都市高新区吉泰路688号,邮政编码610500。E-mail:

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李南颖1 , 赵勇1, 李沁2, 曹海涛1, 陈先超2, 王幸蒙1, 向刘洋1
作者信息
  • 1 中国石化西南油气分公司勘探开发研究院,四川   成都 610500
  • 2 成都理工大学,四川   成都 610059
通讯作者:
赵勇(1981—),男,本科,副研究员,从事页岩气气藏工程与数值模拟研究。地址:四川省成都市高新区吉泰路688号,邮政编码610500。E-mail:
作者简介:

李南颖(1991—),女,硕士,副研究员,从事页岩气气藏工程与数值模拟研究。地址:四川省成都市高新区吉泰路688号,邮政编码610500。E-mail:

Research on optimization of favorable production and construction areas and development technical policies for Dingshan block
NANYING LI1 , YONG ZHAO1, QIN LI2, HAITAO CAO1, XIANCHAO CHEN2, XINGMENG WANG1, LIUYANG XIANG1
Affiliations
  • 1 Exploration and Development Research Institute, Sinopec Southwest Oil & Gas Company, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
  • 2 Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
出版时间: 2026-05-26 doi: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025100
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复杂构造区  /  有利区评价  /  地质建模-压裂模拟-数值模拟一体化  /  技术-经济一体化  /  差异化开发技术政策
complex structural area  /  favorable area evaluation  /  integrated geological modeling-fracturing simulation-numerical simulation  /  technical-economic integration  /  differentiated development technical policy
李南颖, 赵勇, 李沁, 曹海涛, 陈先超, 王幸蒙, 向刘洋. 丁山区块有利产建区优选及开发技术政策研究. 油气藏评价与开发, 2026 , 16 (3) : 630 -641 . DOI: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025100
NANYING LI, YONG ZHAO, QIN LI, HAITAO CAO, XIANCHAO CHEN, XINGMENG WANG, LIUYANG XIANG. Research on optimization of favorable production and construction areas and development technical policies for Dingshan block[J]. Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, 2026 , 16 (3) : 630 -641 . DOI: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025100
四川盆地东南缘龙马溪组页岩气资源量达6 641.3×108 m3,实现该区域页岩气勘探突破与效益开发有助于提升中国天然气供给保障能力,具有重大战略意义。2013年,丁山区块龙马溪组一口水平探井获得高产工业气流,揭示了川东南复杂构造区页岩气良好的勘探潜力,短短几年内,该区块勘探工作取得快速发展与突破。2022年,綦江页岩气田丁山区块提交千亿立方米级探明储量,成为中国石化在四川盆地发现的第3个超千亿立方米页岩气田,是中国石化西南油气分公司“十五五”期间的核心上产阵地[1-2]。近十年来,四川盆地及其周缘页岩气藏开发取得积极进展,郭彤楼等[3]分析了四川盆地及其周缘常压-高压-超高压页岩气藏的地质异同特征,提出总有机碳(TOC)含量>3%、孔隙度>3%、含气量>3 m3/t可作为常压页岩气藏有利区选取依据;车世琦[4]结合产能主控因素,选取埋深、构造曲率、地层倾角、断裂发育特征、全烃含量等参数,建立涪陵气田复杂构造带地质综合评价体系,优选平桥东断层夹持区域的北部、南部背斜倾没端为I类区;刘超等[5]创建涪陵白马区块“两类六项”开发选区评价参数体系,明确白马向斜核部以南区域为效益建产最有利目标区,形成以天然裂缝发育特征为核心的差异化开发技术政策;何希鹏等[6]针对渝东南构造复杂区地质特征,明确气井产能主要受地层压力系数及有效改造体积,围绕优质储层钻遇率、水平段长度、井眼方位及改造规模,提出开发技术政策及压裂改造工艺优化方案;周德华等[7]建立了渝东南常压页岩气藏“变井距、长水平段、小夹角、强改造、低高差、控压差”的开发技术政策,提升单井产量。上述研究表明,不同复杂构造带页岩气藏地质特征差异显著、产能主控因素复杂,其开发分区评价及开发技术政策需开展针对性研究。
丁山区块紧邻齐岳山断裂带,受多期构造运动叠加影响,构造、断缝、地应力条件复杂,整体开发面临较大挑战:①气藏类型多样、地质条件差异显著,有利区优选评价难度较大;②地层倾角、断缝及地应力特征复杂,井网优化部署难度较大;③气井产能呈现明显的分区差异性,效益开发难度较大[8-9]。针对丁山区块特殊的地质特征及开发难点,开展地质精细分区评价、有利产建区优选及差异化开发技术政策等相关研究[10-11],为区块效益建产提供技术支撑,以期带动盆缘复杂构造带千亿立方米级储量的规模动用与效益开发。
丁山区块位于四川盆地盆缘复杂构造带,以逆冲推覆背斜为主要形变特征,整体表现为北西向复杂鼻状构造。地层走向由鼻状构造西翼的南北向过渡为东翼的近东西向,地层倾角0°~37°。根据构造样式、地层产状及断缝发育差异,将区块划分为5个构造单元:鼻核、鼻中、鼻端、西翼、东翼(图1)。鼻状构造主体区发育北西向、北东向2个组系断裂,以Ⅳ级断层为主;根据断距及延伸长度,将Ⅳ级断层进一步划分为4类:A(断距>150 m)、B(断距<80~150 m)、C(断距30~80 m)、D(断距<30 m),主要分布于鼻中、鼻端及东翼区,以B、C、D类断层为主。气藏埋深呈环带状深浅变化,总体范围介于1 500~5 000 m,地层压力系数介于0.98~1.98。在斜坡构造背景下,龙马溪组埋深变化显著、保存条件差异大、压力系数变化明显,从盆缘常压逐渐过渡为盆内超高压,属于中深层—深层、常压—超高压多类型页岩气藏。
五峰组—龙马溪组一段(以下简称龙一段)发育半深水—深水陆棚相沉积。根据岩性、电性特征及古生物特征,自下而上可划分为1至9号层,水体呈逐渐变浅趋势,下部硅质深水陆棚为有利沉积微相;1至4号层页岩品质及含气性较优,厚度介于31~33 m,页岩平面展布稳定,盆内到盆缘略有减薄。储层具有“高TOC含量(2.9%~3.2%)、高孔隙度(4.4%~4.9%)、高脆性矿物含量(60.1%~66.4%)、高含气量(5.7~7.4 m3/t)”的特征,储层品质较优。受构造变形及断裂活动的影响,区域地应力方向、大小及状态平面差异显著,最大水平主应力方向以东西向为主,在断层及构造转折部位发生扰动,方向变化范围75°~140°,最小水平主应力介于50~105 MPa、水平应力差值介于5~28 MPa。
丁山区块前期已实施勘探井及评价井20余口,测试产气量介于(3.4~55.2)×104 m3/d,单井投资介于0.4~0.9亿元,不同构造单元气井产能及经济效益差异显著。在前期地质分区评价的基础上,结合气井产能主控因素分析,优选具备较好产能潜力及经济效益的有利产建区,为区块储量经济有效开发动用提供滚动推进思路。
采用Pearson分析法对区块现有地质-工程参数进行相关性分析,筛选出裂缝密度、孔隙度、含气量、水平应力差值、水平段长度、加砂强度、用液强度、AB靶高差等10项地质-工程参数,基于灰色关联分析法量化各主要因素对气井产能的影响程度,明确构造、断缝、地应力为丁山区块气井产能的主控因素(图2)。
丁山区块与平桥—东胜等区块同属川东南盆缘构造带,地质特征相近,借鉴邻区分区评价经验[12-15],选取构造、裂缝发育程度、埋深、地层倾角、含气量、地层压力系数和地应力7项地质要素,建立丁山区块精细分区七要素评价标准(表1)。
依据上述分区评价标准,结合构造、裂缝发育程度、地层倾角、地层压力系数及探明储量分界线,将丁山区块划分为8个评价单元。各分界线具体界定如下:分界线①、③为探明储量边界线;分界线②为储量边界对应的构造线;分界线④、⑥、⑦为地层压力系数及最小水平主应力分界线;分界线⑤、⑨、⑪为构造分区线;分界线⑧、⑩为地层倾角及断缝发育程度分界线,综合评价结果见图3、表2。
在前期地质分区评价的基础上,结合各分区气井产能及投资效益测算结果,得出不同分区气井的经济极限可采储量介于(0.6~0.9)×108 m3。在当前技术及经济条件下,中2区、中3区可达到效益开发底线,确定为有利产建区;东翼、西翼储层倾角大、非均质性强、可压性较差,划为暂无效益区带,待气价上浮、工程工艺技术攻关取得突破后再进行接替动用(表3)。
合理的开发技术政策是实现地质储量充分动用、保障气藏高效开发的关键。页岩气藏属于人造气藏,压裂缝网直接决定井网部署参数,因此,压裂缝网刻画的精细程度成为决定开发技术政策适配性的关键。在三维地质建模的基础上,攻关不同分区考虑人工裂缝与天然裂缝耦合的缝网扩展模拟技术,模拟不同改造规模下裂缝三维(横、纵向)扩展特征,利用嵌入式离散裂缝模型(EDFM),建立不同分区EDFM数值模拟模型,通过技术-经济指标一体化优化,针对性制定分区差异化开发技术政策,为中2区、中3区产建部署提供技术指导,流程图见图4。
在岩石力学模型及地应力模型的基础上,通过建立流体受力变形方程、岩石骨架受力变形方程及岩石-流体流-固耦合方程,模拟人工裂缝横纵向扩展规律,形成复杂构造区裂缝耦合扩展模拟技术,为丁山区块中2区、中3区开发技术政策优化设计奠定基础。
1)裂缝纵向扩展模型
裂缝纵向扩展模拟基于内聚力模型,采用Traction-separation (T-S)本构模型[16]描述过程区的断裂,水力压裂过程中岩石的断裂准则表达式为:
σnσnmax2+τsτsmax2+τtτtmax2=1
式中:σn为法向应力,单位MPa;τs、τt为两个切向上的施加应力,单位MPa;σnmax为法向临界应力,单位MPa;τsmax、τtmax为两个切向方向临界应力,单位MPa。
2)裂缝横向扩展模型
裂缝横向扩展模拟基于固体变形及损伤演化模型,通过构建流体受力变形方程、岩石骨架受力变形方程及岩石-流体的流-固耦合方程[17],采用有限元方法,实现了流-固全耦合模拟。
基质力学形变方程:
σ'=σ-αpI=(1-ω)D:ε
受拉破坏判定:
ωt=0,κt≥εt01-ftrEκt,κt<εt0
受压破坏判定:
ωc=0,κc≥εc01-fcrEκc,κc<εc0
流动控制方程:
∂(ρwφ)∂t+∇·(ρwU)=Q=ρwα∂εv∂t
式中:σ'为有效应力张量,单位MPa;σ为总应力张量,单位MPa;α为Biot系数;p为孔隙流体压力,单位MPa;I为单位张量;ω为损伤变量;D为弹性刚度张量,MPa;ε为应变张量;ωt为拉伸损伤变量;κt为拉伸历史应变参数;εt0为初始拉伸损伤阈值应变;ftr为拉伸强度,单位MPa;E为弹性模量,单位MPa;ωc为受压破损变量;κc为受压历史应变参数;εc0为初始受压损伤阈值应变;fcr为受压强度,单位MPa;ρw为水密度,单位kg/m3;φ为孔隙度;t为时间,单位d;U为速度矢量,单位m/s;Q为源项,单位kg/(m3·s);εv为骨架体积应变。
天然裂隙法向闭合量:
bn=br+(b0-br)exp(-ξσn')
应力影响下的基质渗透率:
km=k0φmφ03exp(ζω)
式中:bn为法向孔径,单位μm;b0为初始孔径,单位μm;br为残余孔径,单位μm;σn'为有效法向应力,单位MPa;ξ为应力-开度系数;km为基质渗透率,单位10-3 μm2;φm为基质孔隙度;φ0为初始孔隙度;k0为初始基质渗透率,单位10-3 μm2;ζ为损伤-渗透系数。
3)人工裂缝扩展模拟
在裂缝三维扩展模型的基础上,结合中2区、中3区的压裂施工参数,分区模拟不同改造规模下压裂裂缝扩展特征(表4、图5)。中2区设计用液强度15~30 m3/m、加砂强度1.4~2.6 m3/m,施工排量18 m3/min,模拟人工裂缝长度80~143 m、裂缝高度25.5~30.0 m,其中在主体改造参数下(用液强度25~30 m3/m、加砂强度2.1~2.6 m3/m),模拟裂缝长度130~143 m、裂缝高度27.5~30.0 m;中3区设计用液强度15~30 m3/m、加砂强度1.2~2.0 m3/m,施工排量18 m3/min,模拟人工裂缝长度86~151 m、裂缝高度为27.0~32.5 m,其中在主体改造参数下(用液强度20.0~25.0 m3/m、加砂强度1.4~1.5 m3/m),模拟裂缝长度117~136 m、裂缝高度29.0~30.5 m。
靶窗位置优化应遵循以下两项原则:①靶窗段需为地质-工程双“甜点”段,有利于实现气井产能最大化;②需实现裂缝纵向扩展最大化,以最大限度动用地质储量。
1)储层综合评价
地质综合评价结果表明:中2区、中3区龙马溪组气藏12—32小层具有“高孔隙度、高含气量、高TOC含量、高脆性矿物含量、低最小水平主应力、低水平两向应力差”的特征,为最优甜点段,地质综合评价等级为ⅡA类储层(表5)。
2)压裂模拟
基于人工裂缝纵向扩展模型,分别建立靶心线位于12、2、32、33号小层的压裂模拟模型,设计加砂强度1.2~2.0 m3/m、用液强度15~30 m3/m,施工排量18 m3/min,模拟考虑天然裂缝的缝网耦合纵向扩展特征(图6)。压裂模拟结果表明:靶心线位于靶窗内的12—32小层时,裂缝纵向扩展能力较强,缝高可达32 m,能够充分动用1至4层地质储量;靶心线上偏至33小层时,裂缝纵向扩展受限,无法突破1号小层的高应力层段,缝高仅为27 m。以实现纵向扩缝高、最大限度动用地质储量为目标,建议靶窗位置确定为12—32小层。
综上,结合地质-工程双“甜点”评价及纵向裂缝扩展模拟结果,确定中2区、中3区最优靶窗位置为12—32小层。
丁山区块地应力条件复杂,在构造转折区及断裂附近,地应力方向常发生较大变化。基于前文裂缝扩展模拟技术,建立不同水平井方位的压裂模拟模型,论证井轨迹与地应力夹角对储层改造体积(SRV)的影响(图7)。模拟结果表明:随着水平井与最大水平主应力夹角的增大,SRV逐渐增大;当夹角为90°时,单井SRV最大;当夹角<60°时,SRV急剧下降。因此,针对丁山区块这类复杂构造区,建议在部署不受限区域,水平井方位垂直于最大水平主应力方向;在断裂及构造转折区,为保障优质储层钻遇率,同时兼顾AB靶点的高程差,水平井与最大水平主应力的夹角可适当减小,但不应低于60°(图8)。
借鉴同类型复杂构造区永川南区开发实践经验[18-19],水平井部署应遵循“大夹角、断层大避小穿”的原则,结合中2区、中3区2个有利产建单元的断层精细描述成果及地应力模拟结果,建立丁山区块水平井井位部署模式(表6)。
在丁山区块三维地质建模基础上,截取中2区X5井组、中3区X3井组地质模型,建立井距250~400 m的嵌入式离散裂缝数值模拟模型,预测期末地层压力分布如图9所示,模型基础参数见表7。预测20 a评价期内井组生产指标,结合单井开发成本,计算不同井距方案的经济效益,开展水平井井距优化设计。
数值模拟结果表明:井距越小,地质储量动用程度及采出程度越高;但当井距过小时,会出现井间干扰现象,单井评估可采储量(EUR)迅速降低。从经济指标分析,井距过小会导致单井投资逐步增加(图10、图11)。确定中2区、中3区分别在井距350、300 m时技术-经济指标最优。
结合中3区开发实践,X3井组6口井微地震事件波及长度为296.1~327.0 m,平均为305.8 m。该井组南半支天然裂缝在局部区域相对发育,X1井为前期投入试采的评价井,其两侧的X4井、X5井开展压裂施工,新井与X1井的距离分别为350、300 m。从2口新井压裂期间X1井的井口压力响应看,与X1井距离为350 m的X4井压裂期间,X1井井口压力平稳;与X1井距离为300 m的X5井压裂期间,X1井发生较明显的井口压力响应现象。因此,基于X3井组压裂干扰试验结果,建议裂缝发育区水平井井距适当增加50 m。
为支撑老井亏空区水平井井距优化,在X3井组数值模拟的基础上,分别建立老井累计产气量为0.2×108、0.3×108、0.4×108 m3的数值模拟模型,模拟结果见图12。研究结果表明:当老井累计产气量分别为0.2×108、0.3×108、0.4×108 m3时,井距分别大于400、450、500 m时,老井对新井EUR的影响较小;随着井距减小,新老井井间干扰显著增强。本区老井平均累计产气量为0.24×108 m3,因此,建议老井附近调整井距在主体井距300~350 m的基础上适当增加100 m。
基于井组压裂干扰试验分析结果,综合数值模拟及经济评价结果,确定中2区、中3区最优井距分别为350、300 m,裂缝发育区及老井附近井距需适当增加50~100 m。
在中2区X5井组、中3区X3井组数值模拟模型的基础上,分别建立水平段长度1 500~2 300 m的单井数值模拟模型(图13)。预测20 a评价期内气井生产指标,通过技术-经济一体化评价,开展水平段长度优化设计。
数值模拟结果表明:当中2区水平段长度为1 900 m、中3区水平段长度为2 100m时,单位水平段长度的EUR增幅达到最高。经济指标分析显示:当水平段长度由1 500 m增加至2 100 m,中2区、中3区单位油气开发成本均逐渐降低;当水平段长度>2 100 m后,单位油气开发成本开始上升(图14)。综合技术-经济指标优化结果,确定中2区最佳水平段长度介于1 900~2 100 m,平均约为2 000 m;中3区最佳水平段长度介于2 000~2 200 m,平均约为2 100 m。
综上所述,基于人工裂缝扩展及井组数值模拟研究结果,综合技术-经济一体化评价结果,针对丁山区块中2区、中3区2个有利产建单元,提出以“长水平段长、大夹角、变井距、断层大避小穿”为核心的矢量化井网部署模式,制定了分区差异化开发技术政策,详细参数见表8。
1) 丁山区块为北西向复杂鼻状构造,不同构造单元埋深、断缝、地应力特征差异显著。建立“构造、断缝、埋深、地层倾角、含气量、地层压力系数及地应力”七要素复杂构造区分区评价标准,将区块划分为8个评价单元,在现有经济及技术条件下,中2区、中3区可实现效益开发。
2) 基于内聚力模型、固体变形及损伤演化模型,形成“天然裂缝+人工裂缝”耦合裂缝扩展模拟技术,明确人工裂缝扩展规律:中2区模拟裂缝缝高27.5~30.0 m、裂缝半长130~143 m;中3区模拟裂缝缝高29.0~30.5 m、裂缝半长117~136 m。
3) 采用“建模-压裂模拟-数数值模拟”一体化技术,结合技术-经济指标评价,制定中2区、中3区差异化开发技术政策:中2区水平井水平段长度约1 900 m,井轨迹方位5°~34°,合理井距350 m(裂缝发育区400~450 m);中3区水平井水平段长度约2 100 m,井轨迹方位10°~45°,合理井距300 m(裂缝发育区350~400 m)。

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doi: 10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2025100
  • 接收时间:2025-04-22
  • 首发时间:2026-10-30
  • 出版时间:2026-05-26
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  • 收稿日期:2025-04-22
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    1 中国石化西南油气分公司勘探开发研究院,四川   成都 610500
    2 成都理工大学,四川   成都 610059

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赵勇(1981—),男,本科,副研究员,从事页岩气气藏工程与数值模拟研究。地址:四川省成都市高新区吉泰路688号,邮政编码610500。E-mail:
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
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红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
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