Article(id=1322942416839385845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, issueId=1322941842395889747, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.13809/j.cnki.cn32-1825/te.2024353, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1745510400000, receivedDateStr=2025-04-25, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1793343651256, onlineDateStr=2026-10-30, pubDate=1784995200000, pubDateStr=2026-07-26, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1793343651256, onlineIssueDateStr=2026-10-30, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1793343651256, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1793343651256, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1322941842395889747, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, year='2026', volume='16', issue='4', pageStart='737', pageEnd='948', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='1784995200000', pubDateStr='2026-07-26', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1793343514297, creator='13701087609', updateTime=1793344192960, updator='13701087609', preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, articleTotal=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1322944689019695905, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, issueId=1322941842395889747, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1322944689019695906, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, issueId=1322941842395889747, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null, downloadFileDto=null}, startPage=800, endPage=806, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1322942417116209910, articleId=1322942416839385845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, language=EN, title=Prediction and application of shale oil fractures: A case study of second member of Funing Formation in Huazhuang area, Gaoyou Sag, Subei Basin, columnId=1322941494130258079, journalTitle=Petroleum Reservoir Evaluation and Development, columnName=Oil and Gas Exploration, runingTitle=null, highlight=

The thick shale layers of the second member of the Funing Formation (hereafter referred to as E₁ f ²) in the Huazhuang area of the Gaoyou Sag, Subei Basin, are dissected by faults into multiple narrow fault blocks, forming a complex fault-block shale oil reservoir characterized by intensive fault development and narrow fault blocks. The shale of E₁ f ² in the favorable Huazhuang area has an average burial depth of 3 800 m, where conventional seismic techniques fail to identify micro-faults with throws less than 30 m or quantitatively characterize fracture-developed zones. To address these challenges, this study innovatively integrated ant tracking, maximum likelihood attribute analysis, dispersion-based fracture prediction, and discrete fracture network (DFN) modeling to establish a multi-scale fault classification and quantitative fracture prediction method. Faults were classified based on fault throw and lateral extent. For micro-faults (throw ≤30 m), forward modeling combined with multi-attribute joint analysis (coherence, curvature, maximum likelihood, and ant tracking) identified key seismic indicators for micro-fault recognition in E₁ f ². Ant tracking was found to provide the best performance for micro-fault detection, but it required constraints from regional fault characteristics to reduce uncertainties caused by steep formation dips and low signal-to-noise ratios. For natural fracture prediction, fracture-enhancing filtering and anisotropic diffusion filtering were applied to preprocess seismic data and improve data quality. DFN modeling was then used to characterize fracture occurrence and spatial distribution, providing a three-dimensional geological model for fracturing design and microseismic anomaly analysis. The results showed that the integrated fault classification and quantitative fracture prediction method effectively supported differentiated well-type deployment. Dynamic micro-fault identification and trajectory optimization were critical to ensuring a high “sweet spot” drilling encounter rate, exceeding 95%. Natural fracture models provided a scientific basis for the dynamic adjustment of fracturing parameters. Guided by these findings, multi-well-type shale oil well deployment in the Huazhuang area is optimized through geology-engineering integration of well trajectories and fracturing schemes, achieving a “sweet spot” drilling encounter rate greater than 95% in complex fault blocks, with single-well estimated ultimate recovery (EUR) exceeding 3 × 10⁴ t, and significantly improving the exploration performance of fault-block shale oil wells.

, articleAbstract=null, authors=YAN YANG1, ZHIMIN LIU1, RICHENG WANG1, CHUANFANG JIANG1, XUEGANG WU1, JIANJUN ZHOU2, YAXIONG SUN1, authorsList=YAN YANG, ZHIMIN LIU, RICHENG WANG, CHUANFANG JIANG, XUEGANG WU, JIANJUN ZHOU, YAXIONG SUN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=YAXIONG SUN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1322942420459070208, articleId=1322942416839385845, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, language=CN, title=页岩油裂缝预测与应用——以苏北盆地高邮凹陷花庄地区阜宁组二段为例, columnId=1322941494327390371, journalTitle=油气藏评价与开发, columnName=油气勘探, runingTitle=null, highlight=

苏北盆地高邮凹陷花庄地区阜宁组二段（以下简称阜二段）厚层页岩被断层切割成若干断块，形成了断裂发育、断块狭窄的复杂断块型页岩油藏。花庄有利区阜二段页岩平均埋深3 800 m，传统地震技术难以识别断距不大于30 m的微断层及定量刻画裂缝发育区。针对上述挑战，创新融合蚂蚁体追踪、最大似然属性分析、弥散裂缝预测及离散裂缝网络（DFN）建模技术，构建了多尺度断层分级描述与裂缝定量预测方法。研究基于断距与延伸距离对断层进行分级，针对断距不大于30 m的微断层，通过正演模拟与多属性（相干体、曲率体、最大似然体、蚂蚁体）联合分析，明确阜二段微断层识别关键标志，认为蚂蚁体对微断层识别效果最优，但需结合区域断裂特征约束以降低地层倾角与低信噪比导致的多解性。针对天然裂缝预测，采用断裂增强滤波与各向异性扩散滤波预处理提升地震数据质量，利用DFN建模刻画裂缝产状与空间分布，为压裂设计与微地震异常分析提供三维地质模型。研究表明：多技术融合的断层分级与裂缝定量预测方法可有效支撑差异化井型部署；微断层动态识别与轨迹优化是保障“甜点”高钻遇率的关键；天然裂缝模型为压裂参数动态调整提供科学依据。研究成果指导花庄地区多井型页岩油井位部署，通过地质-工程一体化优化井轨迹与压裂方案，实现复杂断块区“甜点”钻遇率大于95%，单井估算最终可采储量（EUR）突破3×10⁴ t，断块型页岩油井勘探效果显著提升。

, articleAbstract=null, authors=杨艳1, 刘志敏1, 王日成1, 姜传芳1, 吴雪刚1, 周建军2, 孙雅雄1, authorsList=杨艳, 刘志敏, 王日成, 姜传芳, 吴雪刚, 周建军, 孙雅雄, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=孙雅雄, authorNote=, correspAuthorsNote=, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=3wtWC7l6FPvKytfoeWM5RQ==, magXml=w9a/Q06GC3UHNgV/Ynu7xw==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=JvOc3L+S/7iovFMRqQsjmw==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=RXragdX7deHoN15bySk4HQ==, mapNumber=null, fund=null)}, authors=[Author(id=1322942421411177224, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942416839385845, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=yangyan.jsyt@sinopec.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1322942421767693066, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942416839385845, authorId=1322942421411177224, language=EN, stringName=YAN YANG, firstName=YAN, middleName=null, lastName=YANG, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=¹ Research Institute of Exploration and Development, Sinopec Jiangsu Oilfield Company, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1322942421855773451, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942416839385845, authorId=1322942421411177224, language=CN, stringName=杨艳, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=¹　中国石化江苏油田分公司勘探开发研究院，江苏　 　扬州　225009, bio={"content":"

杨艳（1981—），女，本科，高级工程师，从事油气勘探研究。地址：江苏省扬州市维扬路188号江苏油田勘探开发研究院，邮政编码：225009。E-mail：yangyan.jsyt@sinopec.com

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杨艳（1981—），女，本科，高级工程师，从事油气勘探研究。地址：江苏省扬州市维扬路188号江苏油田勘探开发研究院，邮政编码：225009。E-mail：yangyan.jsyt@sinopec.com

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断层级别	断层断距/m	延伸距离/km	有利区内数量/条	密度/（条/ km）
一、二级断层	>300	>10	1
三级断层	>100~300	>5~10	14	0.6~0.8
四级断层	>50~100	>2~5	36	0.9~1.1
五级断层	>30~50	>1~2	>200	2.0~4.5
微断层	≤30	≤1	>200	2.0~4.5

), ArticleFig(id=1322942430152106815, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942416839385845, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

苏北盆地高邮凹陷北斜坡断层分级

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

断层级别	断层断距/m	延伸距离/km	有利区内数量/条	密度/（条/ km）
一、二级断层	>300	>10	1
三级断层	>100~300	>5~10	14	0.6~0.8
四级断层	>50~100	>2~5	36	0.9~1.1
五级断层	>30~50	>1~2	>200	2.0~4.5
微断层	≤30	≤1	>200	2.0~4.5

), ArticleFig(id=1322942430219215680, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942416839385845, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=Comparison of applicability of fault description techniques, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

类别	原理	优势	缺陷	适用性分析
相干体属性	利用相邻地震道的相似性描述地层和岩性的横向非均匀性	参数少、速度快	沿层切片解释痕迹较重	适用于大范围断裂快速分析
多尺度曲率体属性	曲线或曲面上任意一点的弯曲程度。地震资料中最大正曲率和最小正曲率对地质构造形变敏感	运算简单、速度快	参数多、输出成果多、适用于断层预测，结果受主观选择影响较大	适用于大范围断裂快速分析
最大似然体	基于相似属性，将相邻样点间相似性的对比关系放大，突出断裂成像	断层自动追踪，减少解释影响，运算速度快	断裂连续性较差，应用范围仅限于断层，大尺度裂缝刻画效果较差	小断层
蚂蚁体	凸出断裂线状构造特征的断裂结算	三维空间立体刻画小范围内速度快，受解释结果影响小	追踪参数多，不同参数对结果影响大，小尺度参数结果杂乱，无法表征裂缝发育方向及密度	微小断层及大尺度裂缝刻画

), ArticleFig(id=1322942430315684673, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1322258508890079423, articleId=1322942416839385845, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

断层描述技术适用性对比

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=

类别	原理	优势	缺陷	适用性分析
相干体属性	利用相邻地震道的相似性描述地层和岩性的横向非均匀性	参数少、速度快	沿层切片解释痕迹较重	适用于大范围断裂快速分析
多尺度曲率体属性	曲线或曲面上任意一点的弯曲程度。地震资料中最大正曲率和最小正曲率对地质构造形变敏感	运算简单、速度快	参数多、输出成果多、适用于断层预测，结果受主观选择影响较大	适用于大范围断裂快速分析
最大似然体	基于相似属性，将相邻样点间相似性的对比关系放大，突出断裂成像	断层自动追踪，减少解释影响，运算速度快	断裂连续性较差，应用范围仅限于断层，大尺度裂缝刻画效果较差	小断层
蚂蚁体	凸出断裂线状构造特征的断裂结算	三维空间立体刻画小范围内速度快，受解释结果影响小	追踪参数多，不同参数对结果影响大，小尺度参数结果杂乱，无法表征裂缝发育方向及密度	微小断层及大尺度裂缝刻画

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