Article(id=1147999692924907576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, issueId=1147999688122430098, articleNumber=1000-8063(2025)02-0126-07, orderNo=null, doi=10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2024.10.03, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1728835200000, receivedDateStr=2024-10-14, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1751634055595, onlineDateStr=2025-07-04, pubDate=1747670400000, pubDateStr=2025-05-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1751634055595, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-04, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1751634055595, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1751634055595, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1147999688122430098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, year='2025', volume='44', issue='2', pageStart='1', pageEnd='160', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1751634054451, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1759123795578, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1179413939365491632, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, issueId=1147999688122430098, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1179413939365491633, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, issueId=1147999688122430098, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=126, endPage=132, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1147999693159788623, articleId=1147999692924907576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, language=EN, title=Exploration and Application of Safety Big Data Management System Based on Python in a Mining Enterprise, columnId=1175805042197152439, journalTitle=Uranium Mining and Metallurgy, columnName=SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

In order to promote the informationization construction of mining enterprises and enhance the safety informationization management capabilities, we explore the application of Python programming language and PyCharm editor to establish a basic database and big data analysis model for safety inspections in a certain mining enterprise. We construct a multi-dimensional analysis and evaluation system for historical safety inspection issues, new safety inspection issues, and other data, including time, space, problem categories, and causes. We explore the laws and development trends of intrinsic safety and safety inspection problems, and take targeted solutions accurately. The establishment of databases and analysis model can also be used for comprehensive evaluation of security inspection issues, visually displaying important information such as the time, place, category, and cause of the problem, providing objective data support for timely detection of repetitive problems and hidden danger investigation, avoiding the long-term existence of security problems that cannot be eradicated, and effectively reducing security risks. At present, the security big data model is mainly applied in security inspection work, and there is still room for exploration in the fields of security management system construction, "dual control" system operation, security education and training, accident prediction and warning in the future.

, correspAuthors=Wen ZHANG, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Wei LIU, Wen ZHANG), CN=ArticleExt(id=1147999696343265689, articleId=1147999692924907576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, language=CN, title=基于Python的矿山企业安全大数据管理系统的探索与应用, columnId=1175805042343953080, journalTitle=铀矿冶, columnName=安全·环保, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

针对某露天矿山安全管理中存在的问题,采用Python编程语言及PyCharm编辑器,建立安全检查基础数据库和大数据分析模型,分析安全问题。基于安全检查历史数据库、新增安全检查问题等数据,构建时间、空间、致因、问题类别等多维度评价体系,探求本质安全和安全检查发现问题的规律及发展趋势,并采取针对性的解决措施。数据库和分析模型的建立还可辅助开展安全检查问题综合性评价,直观展示问题产生的时间、场所、原因、类别等重要信息,为及时发现重复性问题隐患提供客观数据支撑,避免重复性问题隐患风险长期存在,有效降低安全风险。安全大数据模型现阶段主要应用于安全检查工作,在安全管理制度体系建设、“双控”体系运行、安全教育培训、事故预测警示等领域的应用仍有探索空间。

, correspAuthors=张文, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
张文(1983—),男,吉林延吉人,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事地质、矿业工程、安全管理等研究。
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刘伟(1986—),男,辽宁绥中人,学士,高级工程师,主要从事地质、矿业工程、安全管理等研究。

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刘伟(1986—),男,辽宁绥中人,学士,高级工程师,主要从事地质、矿业工程、安全管理等研究。

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刘伟(1986—),男,辽宁绥中人,学士,高级工程师,主要从事地质、矿业工程、安全管理等研究。

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figureFileBig=UBvGCCbFbyMkW0YqmSVpzQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1179483346867467018, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1147999692924907576, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Arithmetic operator

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运算符 方法
* mul
+ add
- sub
/ div
** pow
), ArticleFig(id=1179483346934575883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1147999692924907576, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

算术运算符

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
运算符 方法
* mul
+ add
- sub
/ div
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基于Python的矿山企业安全大数据管理系统的探索与应用
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刘伟 , 张文
铀矿冶 | 安全·环保 2025,44(2): 126-132
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铀矿冶 | 安全·环保 2025, 44(2): 126-132
基于Python的矿山企业安全大数据管理系统的探索与应用
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刘伟, 张文
作者信息
  • 中核沽源铀业有限责任公司, 河北 张家口 076561
  • 刘伟(1986—),男,辽宁绥中人,学士,高级工程师,主要从事地质、矿业工程、安全管理等研究。

通讯作者:

张文(1983—),男,吉林延吉人,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事地质、矿业工程、安全管理等研究。
Exploration and Application of Safety Big Data Management System Based on Python in a Mining Enterprise
Wei LIU, Wen ZHANG
Affiliations
  • Guyuan Uranium Industry Co., Ltd., CNNC, Zhangjiakou 076561, China
出版时间: 2025-05-20 doi: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2024.10.03
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针对某露天矿山安全管理中存在的问题,采用Python编程语言及PyCharm编辑器,建立安全检查基础数据库和大数据分析模型,分析安全问题。基于安全检查历史数据库、新增安全检查问题等数据,构建时间、空间、致因、问题类别等多维度评价体系,探求本质安全和安全检查发现问题的规律及发展趋势,并采取针对性的解决措施。数据库和分析模型的建立还可辅助开展安全检查问题综合性评价,直观展示问题产生的时间、场所、原因、类别等重要信息,为及时发现重复性问题隐患提供客观数据支撑,避免重复性问题隐患风险长期存在,有效降低安全风险。安全大数据模型现阶段主要应用于安全检查工作,在安全管理制度体系建设、“双控”体系运行、安全教育培训、事故预测警示等领域的应用仍有探索空间。

矿山企业  /  安全管理  /  大数据  /  模型构建  /  Python  /  分析模型

In order to promote the informationization construction of mining enterprises and enhance the safety informationization management capabilities, we explore the application of Python programming language and PyCharm editor to establish a basic database and big data analysis model for safety inspections in a certain mining enterprise. We construct a multi-dimensional analysis and evaluation system for historical safety inspection issues, new safety inspection issues, and other data, including time, space, problem categories, and causes. We explore the laws and development trends of intrinsic safety and safety inspection problems, and take targeted solutions accurately. The establishment of databases and analysis model can also be used for comprehensive evaluation of security inspection issues, visually displaying important information such as the time, place, category, and cause of the problem, providing objective data support for timely detection of repetitive problems and hidden danger investigation, avoiding the long-term existence of security problems that cannot be eradicated, and effectively reducing security risks. At present, the security big data model is mainly applied in security inspection work, and there is still room for exploration in the fields of security management system construction, "dual control" system operation, security education and training, accident prediction and warning in the future.

mining enterprises  /  safety management  /  big data  /  model construction  /  Python  /  analysis model
刘伟, 张文. 基于Python的矿山企业安全大数据管理系统的探索与应用. 铀矿冶, 2025 , 44 (2) : 126 -132 . DOI: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2024.10.03
Wei LIU, Wen ZHANG. Exploration and Application of Safety Big Data Management System Based on Python in a Mining Enterprise[J]. Uranium Mining and Metallurgy, 2025 , 44 (2) : 126 -132 . DOI: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2024.10.03
矿山企业一般位于较偏远地区,工作条件复杂,生产作业环节多,安全风险点多,管理难度较大。随着安全标准化、“双控”体系建设的深入推进,安全管理工具不断丰富,某矿山企业安全管理能力和水平得到了较大提升;但仍存在高风险作业管控不利、重复性隐患时有发生、突击性整改、安全履职能力不到位等情况[1-2]。目前,某企业仅对安全检查发现的问题下发整改通知单,落实问题隐患闭环管理,建立问题隐患台账;但未对问题隐患台账进行深入分析,探寻发生的原因和发展趋势,存在明显的碎片化现象。安全风险复杂多样化使得传统的安全管理模式难以满足企业高质量发展的需求,迫切需要引进新技术和新方法。
在数字化时代,数据已成为企业经营的核心资源[3-6]。大数据技术为企业提供了强大的数据处理能力和分析工具,可为企业提供更高效、精准和智能的决策依据[7-10]。Python的数据处理能力强、用于数据处理的库丰富,可高效清洗、整理和分析各种规模的数据[11-12];Python语法简洁、易掌握、代码可读性高、结构清晰、能够快速理解和修改代码,支持Python框架和库的PyCharm编辑器多[13];Python拥有Matplotlib、Seaborn等可视化工具,处理后的数据可通过多种形式的图表进行可视化展示,直观呈现数据的分布和趋势,提升对数据的理解,发现数据的规律和潜在信息;同时Python的可扩展性强。在数据处理领域,Python可以根据不同场景下的数据处理要求,选择合适的库进行扩展,通过强大的扩展性来处理特定类型的数据,并实现复杂的算法;Python与其他编程语言和工具相比,便于集成,可满足矿山企业不同的安全管理需求。
以某矿山企业为研究对象,根据安全管理体系数据处理需求,建立安全管理相关模型,高效获取预期数据,并洞察数据、文字背后的逻辑关系,分析问题产生的原因,及时提出改进措施,旨在提升企业安全管理能力和信息化水平。
根据矿山安全管理要求,结合该矿山企业实际情况,整理和检查安全问题台账。对检查出的安全问题进行汇总,每年度相同工作台账汇总成一个Excel表格,月度工作内容分别位于不同的sheet页,并逐月将月度累计内容单独汇总至一个sheet页。
规范表格,统一行名、列名,确保每类台账分项名称、内容描述的统一性;核实问题表述、问题分类等信息,修正完善台账内容,提高台账文字内容的逻辑性和准确性。针对不同检查批次的检查内容,在确保问题表述准确的情况下,规范语句结构,使同地点、同作业、同设备、同类“三违”问题隐患的表述一致,最终形成安全历史数据基础数据库。
根据基础数据库数据内容、类型及结构,结合安全工作实际需求,确定安全检查数据分析统计方法。将基础数据库分类汇总表sheet页导入Python编程语言中形成Dataframe,利用Pandas库对Dataframe数据进行选取、设置,对缺失的数据进行处理,确保数据分析结果的准确性;与缺失值数据一样,重复数据也会对数据分析的可靠性造成负面影响,使用drop_duplicates方法清理重复数据。
向量化技术可实现数据的算术运算,利用Pandas自动数据对齐功能,对多个Dataframe使用算数运算符,Pandas会自动将数据按照列或行索引对齐。
文本数据中通常包含特殊符、多余的空格等噪声,通过处理文本列去除噪声,提高数据质量[14-17]。从文本中提取关键词、词频等特征,为后续的分析和建模做准备。将文本数据进行分类或聚类,以便更好地理解和组织数据。检测文本中的重复内容,避免数据冗余。
算法是建模的核心工具,是建模需求实现的具体方法和步骤。高效的算法能极大地提高建模程序运行速度,算法的准确性直接影响建模结果的可靠性,合理选择算法能够确保文本数据分析和处理的准确性。建模过程中算法的选择将直接影响建模结果的质量和价值。根据模型功能需求,结合数据类型特征,确定模型算法[18-20]
通过点的提取与标识对输入的安全风险辨识清单进行处理,对矿山设备设施、作业活动的安全风险进行统计,分析点的分布规律,使用可视化工具展示点的分布,探索点分布的模式和趋势,从中获取有价值信息。
根据功能需求确定校验指标,采用交叉验证法进行模型校验并在测试集上评估性能,通过结果判断是否存在过拟合或欠拟合情况,根据结果调整模型反复校验。通过不断评估模型性能以选择最佳模型,确保模型的可靠性、稳定性及模型功能需求的实现。
利用Pandas、Jieba、Wordcloud、Matplotlib等模块自然语言处理工具包,实现对安全检查表关键词的统计,通过数据结构字典存储关键词及对应频次,以图表形式展示结果,探索数据所反映的主题和重要信息。
通过建立的安全大数据模型,开展安全检查数据分析处理;通过不同形式的图表可视化展示,探求数据存在的内部规律和发展趋势。对相关规律进行研究,从问题产生的时间、空间、特征,及致成因素等维度,对安全问题隐患进行综合分析研判,预测发展趋势,及时采取针对性措施,精准消除安全生产中存在的问题隐患,确保企业安全平稳发展。
某矿山企业按功能划分为露天矿山、水冶厂和办公区。露天矿山的主要生产系统有开拓和运输系统、穿孔和采装系统、排土系统、防水和排水系统、供电系统等;水冶厂由破磨车间、浸出车间、萃取车间、沉淀车间、水处理车间、辅助车间及其他场所组成;液氨库和双氧水库为公司级重大危险源。
该企业风险辨识清单按红、橙、黄、蓝分级建档,共计1 568项,其中重大风险7项、较大风险19项、一般风险417项、低风险1 125项。制定了风险管控清单和较大以上风险管控方案,建立了重大危险源及重大风险档案,按领导分工进行挂牌管控,实施包保责任制。
根据年度安全工作总体目标,制定了安全生产方针和安全检查计划,建立了较完善的安全管理体系,开展了定期安全检查、专项安全检查、日常安全检查、季节性安全检查及节假日安全检查。通过各类安全检查,制定整改措施,编制安全整改通知单,逐项开展整改,实现安全问题隐患的闭环管理。
在以人为本的安全生产背景下,对矿山企业安全生产工作提出了更高的要求。该企业本质安全度仍存在较大差距,安全管理数字化水平仍较低。矿山安全管理呈现明显的碎片化特征,安全检查工作侧重于问题隐患的闭环整改,未对出现的问题与历史台账进行对比分析,存在一定程度的“头疼治头,脚疼治脚”情况。
根据建立的模型,构建多维度分析体系,进一步拓展和深化模型建立成果。从不同的维度和视角全面审视数据与模型,深度挖掘数据背后隐藏的重要信息,便于为安全管理工作提供决策依据,不断提升安全管理工作质量。
通过模型从空间维度对安全检查数据进行可视化数据分析,洞察数据与空间位置的关系,确定安全问题整改重点场所,安全管理短期整改工作重心。依据安全检查问题,结合公司露天矿山、水冶厂和办公区等功能区划分,对问题存在场所进行分类。以某年安全检查问题汇总表为例,通过模型算法对检查发现问题按空间场所进行展示,见图1~图2
图1可看出,水冶厂发现的问题占比最大,与水冶厂作业车间厂房、设备设施、人员数量呈现正相关。由图2可看出,在辅助车间内发现的问题最多,浸出车间次之。应对安全管理体系运行情况进行全面梳理,加强作业人员安全教育培训,提高其安全技能。安全监管部门应对相关场所加大监督检查力度,加强与相关安全管理人员的沟通,强化安全工作指导。
通过对不同时间节点的安全检查问题数据进行分析,能够清晰地发现检查结果的演变过程,初步判断潜在规律和发展趋势。根据宏观安全态势变化评价安全管理工作,对时间节点内的安全问题不降反升、停止不前的单元或作业采取有效应对措施,以便构建更加稳固的安全生产防线。选取该矿山企业2020—2024年安全检查数据进行时间维度分析(图3)。
图3可知,该企业自2021年起安全检查问题数量呈明显上升趋势,在2022年达到高峰;2023年与2024年中间的实线点数据为2024年6月末数据,预测全年问题数量450个。该企业自2022年开始检查出的问题明显增多,安全生产形势面临一定压力。
从2022年开始检查出的问题数量显著增加,部分归因于该企业安全标准的提升,安全管理力度的加大。由于整改手段和制度没有明显提升和改善,近3年内安全检查发现问题数量均在400个以上,未出现明显下降;表明在一定程度上管理措施的针对性不强,举一反三隐患排查不到位,应进一步加强安全隐患排查力度。根据2024年上半年安全检查问题数量,若不采取强有力措施,全年问题数量将维持在400个以上的震荡区间。只有采取针对性措施,强化岗位作业人员隐患排查治理能力,将问题数量限制在400个以内,才能使问题数量呈现下降趋势。
该企业某年安全检查发现的问题,一周内整改完成率达60%,半个月内整改完成率达80%,一个月内整改完成率达95%,两个月内整改完成率达99.5%。整改完成率时限表明,大部分问题整改均能在半个月内完成,反映出大部分问题整改所需的人力、物力等资源较少,难度较小或适中。在日常安全管理工作中,应强化岗位作业人员的安全意识教育,提升安全风险隐患排查和治理能力,强化安全绩效考核管理工作,提升岗位人员自查自改能力,及时发现问题,立行立改。
在空间和时间维度分析的基础上,开展致因维度分析,探寻在不同空间和时间范围内,安全问题产生的原因,以便采取措施有针对地进行整改提升。选取该矿山企业某年安全检查问题数据开展致因维度分析,结果见图4~图5
图4~图5可看出,在人的不安全行为、物的不安全状态、环境的不安全因素和管理上的缺陷4个致因中,物的不安全状态导致问题产生的占比最大,达65.93%;环境的不安全因素次之,达19.51%;两项合计占比85.44%。在物的不安全状态中,安全防护类问题占比最大(46.07%),标志标识、消防安全类问题占比分别为16.48%、14.23%,三项合计占比达76.78%。
安全检查中物的不安全状态和环境不安全因素占比过高,表明安全管理重点存在偏差,可能存在过多管理聚焦在人的不安全行为上,对物的状态和环境因素重视程度不足。现有评估体系可能存在缺陷,没有充分识别和评估物的不安全状态和环境的不安全因素,需重新审视和完善风险评估流程与方法。同时,应加大对安全防护、标志标识、消防安全的投入,适当增加设备维护、更新及环境改善方面的预算资金投入。
利用Python模型的强大文字处理能力,对安全检查发现的问题进行文字分析统计,通过问题出现的关键高频词汇,可以快速获取问题集中存在的场所、类型、特征等信息,直接反映现场安全管理的总体水平和状况。利用某次检查发现的问题与历史台账对比,为重复性隐患的判定提供基础性依据。选取该企业某年度安全检查问题进行词云图分析,结果见图6
图6可知,安全检查问题隐患主要在水冶厂车间内,其中检查问题最多的是浸出和辅助车间,应在企业日常管理工作予以适当关注,向人力、物力、工艺技术改进等方面予以倾斜。从“应急”“标识”关键词可以看出,应急管理、标志标识工作仍有欠缺,存在问题较多,预示着重复性隐患存在的概率较大,应加强提升相关安全管理工作的质量。“不规范”“不符合要求”“损坏”“缺少”等关键词反映出,在企业安全管理中对标准的执行还存在欠缺,日常检查还不够细致,存在安全责任落实不到位的情况,未做到“严、慎、细、实”的要求,同时也反映出安全培训对标准规范的培训效果有待提升。
通过对安全问题隐患不同维度的分析,充分展示了安全问题隐患在空间、时间、致因及问题特征维度的数据规律及发展趋势。对问题隐患产生的场所、发展变化趋势、整改难度及时间、产生原因及总体分布特征等,进行了全方位的可视化展示,指出了该矿山企业安全管理工作的薄弱点和工作重点,为针对性开展安全管理工作提供了有效的数据支撑,提升了该企业的总体安全管理能力和水平。
通过收集整理安全检查数据、统一规范格式,建立安全基础数据库,根据功能需求明确数据和文本处理方法,制定模型算法,建立安全大数据模型,并进行反复校验,得到了该企业的安全大数据模型。该模型能够实现安全数据的高效处理,瞬间完成几十至上百个Excel表的计算。模型不同维度的可视化展示,可形象呈现安全检查数据的发展趋势和规律,为安全决策提供基础数据支撑。安全大数据模型可以通过安全检查问题展示问题共性特征,反映安全管理总体状况,对重复性问题能够实现快速查询,避免隐患长期存在,有效提升了安全管理能力和水平。
基于Python的安全大数据管理系统在矿山企业的应用仍处于探索阶段,已建立的安全大数据模型仍需不断优化,进一步提升服务企业安全管理的能力和水平。现阶段安全大数据模型主要应用于安全检查工作,在制定体系统一性与自洽性、安全检查与“双控”体系运行、安全检查与安全教育培训、事故预测警示等方面仍有较大应用空间。
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doi: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2024.10.03
  • 接收时间:2024-10-14
  • 首发时间:2025-07-04
  • 出版时间:2025-05-20
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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-14
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    中核沽源铀业有限责任公司, 河北 张家口 076561

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张文(1983—),男,吉林延吉人,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事地质、矿业工程、安全管理等研究。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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