Article(id=1147999685685539276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, issueId=1147999683156370319, articleNumber=1000-8063(2025)01-0037-05, orderNo=null, doi=10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2024.07.03, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1720540800000, receivedDateStr=2024-07-10, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1751634053869, onlineDateStr=2025-07-04, pubDate=1739980800000, pubDateStr=2025-02-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1751634053869, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-04, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1751634053869, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1751634053869, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1147999683156370319, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, year='2025', volume='44', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='150', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1751634053267, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1759123824852, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1179414062141158321, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, issueId=1147999683156370319, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1179414062141158322, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, issueId=1147999683156370319, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=37, endPage=41, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1147999686046249457, articleId=1147999685685539276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, language=EN, title=Leaching Method for Difficultly Leaching Resources in a Acid Leaching Uranium Mine, columnId=1175805041752556213, journalTitle=Uranium Mining and Metallurgy, columnName=MINING AND HYDROMETALLURGY, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The in-situ leaching of uranium is influenced by deposit conditions, leaching environments, and various other factors, resulting in a low utilization rate for certain resources. To facilitate the rational development of these resources, a device for preparing leaching agents was designed to enhance the leaching process by increasing the concentration of sulfuric acid in areas where the resources is difficult to leach. The results show that the relative deviation in concentration remains below 1.5%, allowing for precise and stable preparation of acid either regionally or at individual boreholes. By using a 15~20 g/L sulfuric acid solution as a leaching agent, the unit uranium leaching rate of the refractory leaching uranium resources can be increased from 24.8% to 53.7%. The amount of sulfuric acid used and the increase in residual acid are only 11.1% of those used for strengthening leaching results in the entire mining area. This device achieves the leaching of the refractory leaching uranium resources with low consumption of sulfuric acid and has little impact on subsequent hydrometallurgical processes.

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地浸采铀受矿床条件、溶浸环境等因素的影响,部分资源的利用率较低。为实现对这部分资源的合理开发,设计了浸出剂配制装置,在局部难浸出区域内,通过提高浸出剂(硫酸)浓度以强化浸出。试验结果表明,采用该装置进行浸出剂配制,浓度相对偏差在1.5%以内,可实现按区域或单孔精确稳定配酸;采用15~20 g/L硫酸做浸出剂,通过有针对性地局部加酸对难浸出铀资源进行强化浸出,可将单元铀浸采率由24.8%提高到53.7%。局部强化浸出方法的硫酸用量、余酸增量仅为整个采区强化浸出时的11.1%,能以较低的硫酸消耗实现对难浸出铀资源的浸出,且对后续水冶工艺的影响较小。

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王如意(1982—),男,内蒙古呼和浩特人,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为地浸采铀。

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王如意(1982—),男,内蒙古呼和浩特人,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为地浸采铀。

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王如意(1982—),男,内蒙古呼和浩特人,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为地浸采铀。

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Basic situation of the intensified leaching test unit

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井号 浸出液
ρ(U)/(mg/L)
浸出液
ρ(H2SO4)/(g/L)
浸出液
Eh/mV
浸采率/% 开拓平米铀量/
(kg/m2)
保有平米铀量/
(kg/m2)
KC15460 10.71 4.80 299 24.6 2.75 2.07
), ArticleFig(id=1179340501313536203, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1147999685685539276, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

强化浸出试验单元基本情况

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
井号 浸出液
ρ(U)/(mg/L)
浸出液
ρ(H2SO4)/(g/L)
浸出液
Eh/mV
浸采率/% 开拓平米铀量/
(kg/m2)
保有平米铀量/
(kg/m2)
KC15460 10.71 4.80 299 24.6 2.75 2.07
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某酸法地浸铀矿山难浸出资源浸出研究
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王如意 , 桂增杰 , 阳奕汉 , 任晓宇 , 韩军宁
铀矿冶 | 开采·选冶 2025,44(1): 37-41
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铀矿冶 | 开采·选冶 2025, 44(1): 37-41
某酸法地浸铀矿山难浸出资源浸出研究
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王如意, 桂增杰, 阳奕汉, 任晓宇, 韩军宁
作者信息
  • 中核内蒙古矿业有限公司, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010
  • 王如意(1982—),男,内蒙古呼和浩特人,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为地浸采铀。

Leaching Method for Difficultly Leaching Resources in a Acid Leaching Uranium Mine
Ruyi WANG, Zengjie GUI, Yihan YANG, Xiaoyu REN, Junning HAN
Affiliations
  • Inner Mongolia Mining Co., Ltd., CNNC, Hohhot 010010, China
出版时间: 2025-02-20 doi: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2024.07.03
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地浸采铀受矿床条件、溶浸环境等因素的影响,部分资源的利用率较低。为实现对这部分资源的合理开发,设计了浸出剂配制装置,在局部难浸出区域内,通过提高浸出剂(硫酸)浓度以强化浸出。试验结果表明,采用该装置进行浸出剂配制,浓度相对偏差在1.5%以内,可实现按区域或单孔精确稳定配酸;采用15~20 g/L硫酸做浸出剂,通过有针对性地局部加酸对难浸出铀资源进行强化浸出,可将单元铀浸采率由24.8%提高到53.7%。局部强化浸出方法的硫酸用量、余酸增量仅为整个采区强化浸出时的11.1%,能以较低的硫酸消耗实现对难浸出铀资源的浸出,且对后续水冶工艺的影响较小。

地浸采铀  /  局部强化  /  浸出剂配制  /  强化浸出

The in-situ leaching of uranium is influenced by deposit conditions, leaching environments, and various other factors, resulting in a low utilization rate for certain resources. To facilitate the rational development of these resources, a device for preparing leaching agents was designed to enhance the leaching process by increasing the concentration of sulfuric acid in areas where the resources is difficult to leach. The results show that the relative deviation in concentration remains below 1.5%, allowing for precise and stable preparation of acid either regionally or at individual boreholes. By using a 15~20 g/L sulfuric acid solution as a leaching agent, the unit uranium leaching rate of the refractory leaching uranium resources can be increased from 24.8% to 53.7%. The amount of sulfuric acid used and the increase in residual acid are only 11.1% of those used for strengthening leaching results in the entire mining area. This device achieves the leaching of the refractory leaching uranium resources with low consumption of sulfuric acid and has little impact on subsequent hydrometallurgical processes.

in-situ leaching of uranium  /  local intensification  /  preparation of leaching agent  /  enhancing the leaching
王如意, 桂增杰, 阳奕汉, 任晓宇, 韩军宁. 某酸法地浸铀矿山难浸出资源浸出研究. 铀矿冶, 2025 , 44 (1) : 37 -41 . DOI: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2024.07.03
Ruyi WANG, Zengjie GUI, Yihan YANG, Xiaoyu REN, Junning HAN. Leaching Method for Difficultly Leaching Resources in a Acid Leaching Uranium Mine[J]. Uranium Mining and Metallurgy, 2025 , 44 (1) : 37 -41 . DOI: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2024.07.03
地浸采铀工艺通过注液井将配制好的浸出剂注入矿层,使浸出剂与铀矿物发生化学反应,选择性地溶解矿石中的铀,再经抽液井将含铀溶液提升至地表进行铀提取,是集“采、选、冶”于一体的铀矿开采工艺,主要适于对砂岩型铀矿的开采[1-5]
自20世纪70年代以来,中国在新疆、内蒙古等地建立了一批地浸采铀矿山[6]。总体上地浸采铀效果较好;但受铀矿床矿体分布、铀矿物赋存状态、岩性、渗透性、浸出工艺等因素的影响,存在弱浸出区、非浸出区,这在一定程度上影响了铀资源的回收[7-9]。为了提高铀资源回收利用率,可通过浸采率、浸出液铀浓度、液固体积质量比、保有资源量、浸出剂消耗等参数确定残存资源赋存位置,并通过井网优化、加氧化剂、提高酸浓度等物理化学方法强化浸出[10-18]
内蒙古某砂岩型铀矿具有矿石品位低、含矿层渗透性强、含矿含水层厚度较大等特点,采用酸法地浸采铀工艺开采,井型设计为“五点型”,抽注液井间距为27~35 m,过滤器长度为8~12 m,浸出剂为8~10 g/L的H2SO4。目前,部分浸出单元的浸出液铀质量浓度低于10 mg/L,其单元浸采率甚至不足30%。针对该部分难浸出资源,进行强化浸出研究,设计可局部强化浸出的浸出剂配制装置,并在该矿山进行试验验证。
该铀矿床前期工业试验结果表明,氧化剂对铀的浸出率影响不大,而将浸出剂ρ(H2SO4)提高到15~20 g/L可显著提高铀浸出率。在某采区,当浸出剂ρ(H2SO4)由9.3 g/L提升至15 g/L时,局部单元的浸出液铀浓度得到明显提升;与此同时,受现有浸出剂配酸采用主管道加酸方式(图1)的影响,整个采区浸出液中的ρ(H2SO4)在2个月内由5.8 g/L上升至10.4 g/L。
当余酸较高的浸出液汇入生产系统时,吸附原液的ρ(H2SO4)由6.0 g/L升高至7.0 g/L,使离子交换树脂的工作容量降低,导致吸附尾液的铀浓度偏高,已采出铀金属的回收率偏低。另外,该配酸方式也导致该采区铀金属的酸耗大幅增加,达1 000 t/tU,远超强化浸出前的酸耗(350 t/tU)。鉴于此,有必要对难浸出资源进行选择性强化浸出,在实现铀资源开发利用的同时有效控制生产成本,保障整个生产工艺的有序运行。
单个注液井的注液量较小(一般小于10 m3/h),在浸出液中需要补充的工业硫酸量不超过0.07 m3/h。在操作时,不易控制硫酸流量,工业硫酸中夹杂的微量酸泥易使管道堵塞。
为此设计了局部强化浸出装置。在待强化浸出区的集控室内安装一个管道混合器,从集控室内的注液主管引出未补酸的溶液至管道混合器,经计量的工业硫酸从管道混合器上部加入,与未补酸的溶液混合。在操作过程中,可根据强化浸出区域采用统一配酸方案或差异化配酸方案,而灵活调整设备的连接方式。在统一配酸时,向未补酸的溶液中加入所需的工业硫酸,一步配酸到位,补酸后的浸出剂经过计量后直接通过注液支管注入相应注液井(图2);在差异化配酸时,使用该装置对工业硫酸进行稀释(一般稀释10倍以上),再根据单孔酸度需要,将稀释后的硫酸溶液与未补酸溶液在注液支管中按比例混合,然后再注入相应注液井(图3)。
该铀矿某采区采用“五点型”井型,抽注液井间距为35 m,已运行2.5年,采区浸采率为57.33%,浸出液ρ(U)为9.83 mg/L。该采区共有36个浸出单元,其中浸采率低于平均浸采率70%的单元有7个,占总浸出单元的19.4%,选择浸采率为24.6%的KC15460单元(图4)进行强化浸出试验,试验单元基本情况见表1
局部强化浸出装置采用自动化设备控制单孔抽注液量为8.0~8.5 m3/h,浸出剂ρ(H2SO4)为20 g/L。从对应的4个注液井每隔1 h取样1次,连续取样8次。测定样品中的硫酸浓度,结果见图5。试验过程中单元浸出情况见图6
图5~图6计算可得出:1)8次取样中ρ(H2SO4)单次极差最大值为0.4 g/L(第6次),相对偏差为2.0%,该差异在化学分析方法的允许范围内,表明通过管道混合器能将工业硫酸与溶液混合均匀。2)8次取样的化学分析结果较稳定,实际酸度与设定的浸出剂酸度的最大偏差为0.3 g/L,相对偏差为1.5%,浸出剂的配制稳定可靠。3)强化浸出初期浸出液余酸迅速上升,主要是因为浸出剂配酸的提高;其后浸出液余酸缓慢上升,主要是因为随着浸出的进行单元内的耗酸物质逐步减少。4)局部加酸强化浸出过程中,浸出液铀浓度呈现迅速上升然后逐渐下降趋势,可见该矿石中铀浸出需要的酸度较高,提升浸出剂酸度是提升浸出液铀浓度和浸出效率的有效方法;浸出液铀浓度逐渐下降,主要是试验单元内保有资源量随着浸出过程的进行而减少所导致的,此时高配酸的作用已大幅减弱。5)根据浸出液铀浓度与浸出液量统计,在强化浸出的300 d内,浸出铀金属占单元开拓金属量的28.9%,单元浸采率由24.8%提升到53.7%,铀资源得到有效浸出。6)采用局部加酸方式对一个单元强化浸出,在4注1抽情况下(注液井注入的溶液既流向试验单元也流向周边单元),将局部浸出剂ρ(H2SO4)由9.3 g/L提高到20 g/L后,对应单元浸出液ρ(H2SO4)由4.8 g/L提高到14.7 g/L。以此作为平均值进行计算,预计硫酸消耗和试验单元所在采区余酸仅为整采区强化浸出的11.1%,局部强化浸出具有明显优势。
采用局部强化浸出装置,将多个注液井所需硫酸统一配制,再进行二次分配,能有效解决单井加酸时硫酸流量过小而产生的堵塞和加入量不稳定问题;通过连接方式的变化可实现区域性统一配酸和差异化配酸。局部强化浸出方式既可优化局部浸出环境,又避免了浸出液余酸过高问题,是一种实现难浸出铀资源开发的可行方法。
  • 中国铀业有限公司铀矿冶科研项目(巴彦乌拉铀矿床巴润矿段地浸采铀工业性试验研究)
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doi: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2024.07.03
  • 接收时间:2024-07-10
  • 首发时间:2025-07-04
  • 出版时间:2025-02-20
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  • 收稿日期:2024-07-10
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中国铀业有限公司铀矿冶科研项目(巴彦乌拉铀矿床巴润矿段地浸采铀工业性试验研究)
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    中核内蒙古矿业有限公司, 内蒙古 呼和浩特 010010
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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Percentage of
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Number of
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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