Article(id=1147999673136181645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, issueId=1147999671055802382, articleNumber=1000-8063(2024)04-0014-06, orderNo=null, doi=10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2024.04.08, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1712764800000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-11, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1751634050877, onlineDateStr=2025-07-04, pubDate=1732032000000, pubDateStr=2024-11-20, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1751634050877, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-07-04, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1751634050877, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1751634050877, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1147999671055802382, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, year='2024', volume='43', issue='4', pageStart='1', pageEnd='126', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1751634050380, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1759123758692, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1179413784637617069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, issueId=1147999671055802382, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1179413784641811374, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, issueId=1147999671055802382, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=14, endPage=19, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1147999673354285467, articleId=1147999673136181645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, language=EN, title=Variation Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Groundwater Level in Mengqiguer Uranium Deposit During In-situ Leaching Process, columnId=1175805041752556213, journalTitle=Uranium Mining and Metallurgy, columnName=MINING AND HYDROMETALLURGY, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The previous studies of Mengqiguer uranium deposit centred on the directing exploration work and summary of metallogenic regularity. There are few studies on groundwater hydrodynamic field in upstream and downstream of the mining area affected by in-situ leaching. It is found that the linkage between groundwater level and seasonal variation is not obvious in the process of uranium exploration outside the mining area. These changes are quite different from the understanding of the natural flow field of groundwater in the previous exploration process. Previous studies have shown that the groundwater level throughout the deposit varies seasonally. In view of this, this paper analyzes the influence of in-situ leaching mining on the groundwater system of Mengqiguer deposit by collecting the hydrogeological data in the exploration stage and the actual measurement. Through the analysis, it is concluded that the upstream of the in-situ leaching mining area is not affected, the underground water level in the mining area is slowly declining, and the underground water level in the downstream of the mining area continues to decline. This study can provide a new idea for the understanding of groundwater hydrodynamic field in the process of uranium exploration outside the mining area, and also provide data reference for in-situ leaching of uranium.

, correspAuthors=Xianzhen WEI, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Fudong WANG, Cheng CHEN, Hujun ZHANG, Haohao ZHANG, Xianzhen WEI), CN=ArticleExt(id=1147999676466459232, articleId=1147999673136181645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, language=CN, title=地浸过程中蒙其古尔铀矿床地下水位变化特征及影响因素, columnId=1175805041991631542, journalTitle=铀矿冶, columnName=开采·选冶, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

矿床的地下水位一般随季节变化而变化,但在采区外围进行铀矿勘探时,发现地下水位与季节变化的联动不明显,这与前人对该矿床地下水天然流场的认识存在较大差异。通过收集矿床勘探阶段的水文地质资料,并结合实际测量结果,分析了地浸开采对蒙其古尔矿床地下水系统产生的影响。结果显示,地浸采区上游未受地浸开采影响,采区内部地下水位出现缓慢下降现象,采区下游地下水位呈持续下降趋势。

, correspAuthors=魏显珍, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
魏显珍(1987—),女,内蒙古翁牛特旗人,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事生态环境研究。
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王福东(1984—),男,内蒙古奈曼人,学士,高级工程师,主要从事铀矿水文地质、工程地质、环境地质等研究。

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王福东(1984—),男,内蒙古奈曼人,学士,高级工程师,主要从事铀矿水文地质、工程地质、环境地质等研究。

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王福东(1984—),男,内蒙古奈曼人,学士,高级工程师,主要从事铀矿水文地质、工程地质、环境地质等研究。

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Change of groundwater level in the downstream of in-situ leaching mining area

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
观测点 水位埋深/m
L5720
L4903
97.40 95.62 105.85 108.31 127.54 135.44 138.70
152.04 162.17 166.10 161.54 144.80 144.70 164.00
观测时间 2020-05-21 2020-06-21 2020-08-29 2020-10-09 2021-05-11 2021-06-11 2021-07-15
), ArticleFig(id=1179500710052905093, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1147999673136181645, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

地浸采区下游地下水位变化

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
观测点 水位埋深/m
L5720
L4903
97.40 95.62 105.85 108.31 127.54 135.44 138.70
152.04 162.17 166.10 161.54 144.80 144.70 164.00
观测时间 2020-05-21 2020-06-21 2020-08-29 2020-10-09 2021-05-11 2021-06-11 2021-07-15
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地浸过程中蒙其古尔铀矿床地下水位变化特征及影响因素
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王福东 1 , 陈程 1 , 张虎军 1 , 张浩浩 1 , 魏显珍 2
铀矿冶 | 开采·选冶 2024,43(4): 14-19
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铀矿冶 | 开采·选冶 2024, 43(4): 14-19
地浸过程中蒙其古尔铀矿床地下水位变化特征及影响因素
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王福东1, 陈程1, 张虎军1, 张浩浩1, 魏显珍2
作者信息
  • 1 核工业二一六大队, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
  • 2 2.中华全国供销合作总社天津再生资源研究所, 天津 300191
  • 王福东(1984—),男,内蒙古奈曼人,学士,高级工程师,主要从事铀矿水文地质、工程地质、环境地质等研究。

通讯作者:

魏显珍(1987—),女,内蒙古翁牛特旗人,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事生态环境研究。
Variation Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Groundwater Level in Mengqiguer Uranium Deposit During In-situ Leaching Process
Fudong WANG1, Cheng CHEN1, Hujun ZHANG1, Haohao ZHANG1, Xianzhen WEI2
Affiliations
  • 1 Geologic Party No.216, CNNC, Urumqi 830011, China
  • 2 Tianjin Recyclable Resources Institute, China CO-OP, Tianjin 300191, China
出版时间: 2024-11-20 doi: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2024.04.08
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矿床的地下水位一般随季节变化而变化,但在采区外围进行铀矿勘探时,发现地下水位与季节变化的联动不明显,这与前人对该矿床地下水天然流场的认识存在较大差异。通过收集矿床勘探阶段的水文地质资料,并结合实际测量结果,分析了地浸开采对蒙其古尔矿床地下水系统产生的影响。结果显示,地浸采区上游未受地浸开采影响,采区内部地下水位出现缓慢下降现象,采区下游地下水位呈持续下降趋势。

蒙其古尔  /  铀矿床  /  原地浸出  /  地下水动力场  /  气象因素

The previous studies of Mengqiguer uranium deposit centred on the directing exploration work and summary of metallogenic regularity. There are few studies on groundwater hydrodynamic field in upstream and downstream of the mining area affected by in-situ leaching. It is found that the linkage between groundwater level and seasonal variation is not obvious in the process of uranium exploration outside the mining area. These changes are quite different from the understanding of the natural flow field of groundwater in the previous exploration process. Previous studies have shown that the groundwater level throughout the deposit varies seasonally. In view of this, this paper analyzes the influence of in-situ leaching mining on the groundwater system of Mengqiguer deposit by collecting the hydrogeological data in the exploration stage and the actual measurement. Through the analysis, it is concluded that the upstream of the in-situ leaching mining area is not affected, the underground water level in the mining area is slowly declining, and the underground water level in the downstream of the mining area continues to decline. This study can provide a new idea for the understanding of groundwater hydrodynamic field in the process of uranium exploration outside the mining area, and also provide data reference for in-situ leaching of uranium.

Mengqiguer  /  uranium deposit  /  in-situ leaching  /  groundwater hydrodynamic field  /  meteorological factors
王福东, 陈程, 张虎军, 张浩浩, 魏显珍. 地浸过程中蒙其古尔铀矿床地下水位变化特征及影响因素. 铀矿冶, 2024 , 43 (4) : 14 -19 . DOI: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2024.04.08
Fudong WANG, Cheng CHEN, Hujun ZHANG, Haohao ZHANG, Xianzhen WEI. Variation Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Groundwater Level in Mengqiguer Uranium Deposit During In-situ Leaching Process[J]. Uranium Mining and Metallurgy, 2024 , 43 (4) : 14 -19 . DOI: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2024.04.08
近十几年来,新疆伊犁盆地自东向西陆续查明了一系列的铀矿床、铀矿点,位于盆地南缘中部的蒙其古尔铀矿床在成矿规模、成矿条件方面均具有代表性。目前已在蒙其古尔铀矿床中部采用原地浸出方法进行了系统化、全方位的开采,矿山开采对矿床上、下游地下水动力场产生的影响是地下水研究中急需解决的关键问题。
自蒙其古尔铀矿床发现以来,前人已对该矿床及其周边的大地构造背景及铀资源条件[1-2]、岩性岩相[3]、盆地古气候[4]、水文地球化学条件[5]、矿床水动力特征[6]等进行了系统研究,这些研究结果为指导勘查工作、总结成矿规律提供了丰富的研究方法和理论思路。对于其他具有相似水文地质条件的铀矿床,前人研究了鄂尔多斯盆地北部铀煤共生地层中,煤矿的开采疏干对含铀地层地下水位的影响[7];对比分析了部分国外地浸铀矿山地下水修复技术[8];预测了某铀煤矿区煤矿排水对铀矿地下水位的影响,并提出了对铀矿影响最小的煤矿开采方案[9];模拟了煤矿开采疏干排水对纳岭沟铀矿含矿含水层的影响,认为开采煤矿形成的区域性地下水降落漏斗会导致纳岭沟地区铀矿含水层地下水位下降[10]。这些研究多集中于铀的伴生矿产(煤)开采对采铀的影响,对地浸开采影响采区上下游地下水动力场的研究较少。
地下水水头反映了地下水水流方向等水动力场信息,笔者拟通过收集蒙其古尔铀矿床在勘探阶段的含水层地下水动力场研究成果,并分析原地浸出过程中采区地下水水头的监测数据和采区下游地下水水位长期观测结果,进而研究地浸开采过程中砂岩型铀矿床地下水动力场的影响因素及地下水水位恢复条件。
蒙其古尔铀矿床位于伊犁盆地南缘,夹持于阻水断裂F1和西部F3断裂之间,东西距离约12 km。地层以2种形式出露于南部山区,矿床西部地层以3~9°倾角出露地表,侏罗系地层的出露部位为开启型水动力窗口;而矿床东部地区受F1断裂的影响,侏罗系地层呈直立倒转形式出露[11],地层的天然露头开启程度较差。上述侏罗系地层的天然露头区构成了矿床含水层补给区,构造破碎带也构成了地下水的补给窗口(图1)。
地下水主要接受扎吉斯坦河、蒙其古尔沟等地表水入渗补给,其中扎吉斯坦河流量最大,对地下水的补给量较大。蒙其古尔铀矿床在F3断裂附近地下水矿化度大,具有明显的滞留迹象,这验证了F3为阻水断裂,排除了其为局部排泄源的可能性[12]。由于切金沟断裂被第四系地层覆盖,未见地表排泄源,因此推测地下水沿切金沟断裂排泄于上覆第四系地层,地下水交替缓慢。
蒙其古尔铀矿床的铀矿体主要赋存于三工河组上段(J2s2)、三工河组下段(J2s1)和西山窑组上段(J2x3)、西山窑组下段(J2x1)砂体中。西山窑组下段铀矿体在整个矿床中的占比最大,是主要的地浸采矿层位;因此选取西山窑组下段作为本研究的目的层。截至目前,蒙其古尔铀矿床的开采区位于整个矿床的中部,是矿床地下水运移的径流通道。地浸开采范围影响了整个矿床地下水运移的通道[13](图2)。
该采区采用“CO2+O2”中性浸出工艺[14]。铀矿物的溶浸主要以扩散方式进行,提取金属的速度主要取决于溶解物流出的速度。在地浸开采过程中,长期保持抽液量略大于注液量,在蒙其古尔铀矿床中部形成了1个以采区为中心的降落漏斗。通过对采区地下水位的长期观测发现,受开采工艺的影响,采区内地下水位短期内上下波动幅度较大,整体上有缓慢下降趋势(图3)。
在地浸开采时,确定浸出剂的最佳注入强度,以提高浸出液的渗透速度,是地浸水文地质工作的重要任务之一[15]。由于含矿地层的渗透系数可以看成是不变的,因此提高浸出液的渗透速度主要表现在抽水孔的出液量上。当通过钻孔抽取含水层中的液体时,便在集水工程周围形成1个降落漏斗;为方便分析地浸开采对水动力参数的影响,从以下方面进行讨论。
蒙其古尔铀矿床在勘探阶段进行的地下水监测表明,整个矿床地下水等水位线沿F3断裂逐渐降低,承压水头由37.58 m增至562.90 m(图4),整体符合地下水位运移规律,由补给区到排泄区地下水承压水头逐渐升高,等水位线逐渐降低。
对矿床中部的地下水水位进行长期动态观测。由观测数据绘制地下水动态变化曲线(图5)。可以看出,在观测期内地下水水位变化不大,未见明显的季节性差异,水位基本保持在47.18~47.33 m。这表明在地浸开采之前该处承压水与大气降水联系不密切,直接受气候影响较小,动态稳定。
地浸试验及开采使采区地下水水位发生明显波动。因开采位置不同,影响结果也不同;2012年对其中3处水位观测点进行观测并绘制了地下水动态曲线(图6)。可以看出,距离试验位置较近的观测点水位下降20~30 m,距离生产试验位置较远的观测点水位下降10~20 m;这与矿山试验层位的西山窑组上段含水层水位略有下降(仅为1.47 m)差距较大。
由此可知,地浸开采改变了含矿含水层的水平衡,开采时的水位变化远大于自然条件下的水位变化。对地浸采区下游的含水层进行长期观测,结果表明地浸开采对不同含水层影响不同(表1)。可以看出,L5720观测点所处含水层地下水位呈单边下降趋势,在观测期未见明显的回升迹象;L4903观测点含水层地下水位短期内上下波动幅度较大,与地浸开采前强承压水变化情况不一致。在地浸开采过程中,长期保持浸出过程中抽液量略大于注液量,在蒙其古尔铀矿床中部形成了1个以采区为中心的降落漏斗。同时矿床受断层限制,地下水补给渠道单一,仅接受上游的顺层补给。降落漏斗阻断了大部分地下水的径流通道,由此导致矿床下游地下水位降低,水量不足。
气温和降水因素对承压含水层的影响主要体现在含水层的补给和排泄方面。蒙其古尔铀矿床地下承压水主要由降雨、融雪、融冰等汇聚成的扎吉斯坦河补给。补给量受温度、蒸发量等因素影响。自然情况下地下水水位随季节的变化而变化,且根据补给条件的差异有2~3个月的滞后期,即在枯水期2个月后地下水位达到最低值,在丰水期2个月后地下水位达到最高值。
为分析气温和降水对蒙其古尔铀矿床地下水位的影响,选取采区上游的地下水位观测点SK2423-1进行了长期水位观测,蒙其古尔铀矿床上游地下水动态与气温和降水量的关系见图7。可以看出,采区上游的地下水水位并未受到地浸开采的影响,仅随气候变化在小范围内波动。
蒙其古尔铀矿床经过多年的地浸开采,虽然采用抽注大致平衡的开采方式,但采区内地下水位呈现缓慢下降的趋势。整个矿床受断层影响,地下水补给渠道单一,径流通道狭窄。采区的降落漏斗阻断了大部分地下水的径流通道,导致矿床下游地下水位降低,水量不足。
  • 中国核工业地质局“新疆伊犁盆地及周边地区砂岩型铀矿资源调查评价与勘查”项目
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2024年第43卷第4期
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doi: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2024.04.08
  • 接收时间:2024-04-11
  • 首发时间:2025-07-04
  • 出版时间:2024-11-20
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  • 收稿日期:2024-04-11
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中国核工业地质局“新疆伊犁盆地及周边地区砂岩型铀矿资源调查评价与勘查”项目
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    1 核工业二一六大队, 新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
    2 2.中华全国供销合作总社天津再生资源研究所, 天津 300191

通讯作者:

魏显珍(1987—),女,内蒙古翁牛特旗人,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事生态环境研究。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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