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The leaching toxicity of lead in rare earth smelting slag is significantly high. Taking rare earth smelting slags (S1, S2, S3) from three Sichuan-based rare earth enterprises as research objects, this study conducted laboratory leaching experiments to investigate the immobilization effects of phosphorus-based materials and alkaline substances, both individually and in combination on lead in rare earth smelting slag, while screening and optimizing the dosage and ratio of phosphorus-based materials to alkaline substances. The results demonstrate that the sole addition of phosphorus-based materials can significantly reduce the leaching concentration of lead. For instance, adding 5% calcium superphosphate (by slag mass) can decrease the lead leaching concentration in S1 from 485 mg/L to 70.2 mg/L. However, this approach will cause pH reduction in slag, potentially inducing secondary pollution. While sole application of alkaline substances also notably reduce lead leaching concentration, excessive dosing risked excessively high pH levels. The combined use of phosphorus-based materials and alkaline substances can synergistically regulate slag pH to 9~10 while effectively reducing lead leaching concentration, achieving significantly superior outcomes compared to single treatments. The phosphorus-alkaline combined approach not only mitigate lead migration risks but also minimize environmental hazards caused by chemical overdosing. These findings provide theoretical basis and technical references for the remediation of multi-metal composite pollution in rare earth smelting slags.

, authors=Shangwen WU, Yang GAO, Juan SUN, authorsList=Shangwen WU, Yang GAO, Juan SUN, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=Juan SUN, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=null, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, fund=null), CN=ArticleExt(id=1311351101799101180, articleId=1311351099752280822, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, language=CN, title=稀土冶炼渣中铅的固定技术研究, columnId=1175805041991631542, journalTitle=铀矿冶, columnName=开采·选冶, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

稀土冶炼渣中铅的浸出毒性高。以3家四川省稀土企业的稀土冶炼渣(S1、S2、S3)为研究对象,通过开展室内浸出试验,探究磷基材料与碱性物质单独及联合作用下对稀土冶炼渣中铅的固定效果,筛选并优化磷基材料与碱性物质的用量及配比。结果表明,单独添加磷基材料可显著降低废渣中铅的浸出质量浓度,加入废渣质量分数5%的过磷酸钙可使S1中铅的浸出质量浓度从485 mg/L降至70.2 mg/L,但会导致废渣的pH降低,可能引发次生污染;单独添加碱性物质亦可显著降低废渣中铅的浸出质量浓度,但过量投加易造成pH过高;联合应用磷基材料与碱性物质可协同调控废渣pH至9~10,同时降低铅的浸出质量浓度,效果显著优于单一处理。磷基材料-碱性物质在降低铅迁移风险的同时减少了药剂过量投加引发的环境隐患,研究结果可为稀土冶炼渣的多金属复合污染治理提供理论依据和技术参考。

, authors=吴尚文, 高扬, 孙娟, authorsList=吴尚文, 高扬, 孙娟, authorCompany=null, correspAuthors=孙娟, authorNote=

吴尚文(1997—),男,河北石家庄人,硕士,助理工程师,主要从事铀矿冶退役治理项目科研工作。

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孙娟(1983—),女,河南项城人,硕士,正高级工程师,主要从事环境评价和环境保护工程设计工作。
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吴尚文(1997—),男,河北石家庄人,硕士,助理工程师,主要从事铀矿冶退役治理项目科研工作。

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吴尚文(1997—),男,河北石家庄人,硕士,助理工程师,主要从事铀矿冶退役治理项目科研工作。

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稀土冶炼渣中铅的固定技术研究
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铀矿冶 | 开采·选冶 2025,44(4): 63-70
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稀土冶炼渣中铅的固定技术研究
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吴尚文, 高扬, 孙娟
作者信息
  • 中核第四研究设计有限工程公司,河北 石家庄 050021
通讯作者:
孙娟(1983—),女,河南项城人,硕士,正高级工程师,主要从事环境评价和环境保护工程设计工作。
作者简介:

吴尚文(1997—),男,河北石家庄人,硕士,助理工程师,主要从事铀矿冶退役治理项目科研工作。

Research on Lead Immobilization Technology in Rare Earth Smelting Slag
Shangwen WU, Yang GAO, Juan SUN
Affiliations
  • The Fourth Research and Design Engineering Corporation of CNNC, Shijiazhuang 050021, China
出版时间: 2025-11-20 doi: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2025.03.14
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稀土冶炼渣中铅的浸出毒性高。以3家四川省稀土企业的稀土冶炼渣(S1、S2、S3)为研究对象,通过开展室内浸出试验,探究磷基材料与碱性物质单独及联合作用下对稀土冶炼渣中铅的固定效果,筛选并优化磷基材料与碱性物质的用量及配比。结果表明,单独添加磷基材料可显著降低废渣中铅的浸出质量浓度,加入废渣质量分数5%的过磷酸钙可使S1中铅的浸出质量浓度从485 mg/L降至70.2 mg/L,但会导致废渣的pH降低,可能引发次生污染;单独添加碱性物质亦可显著降低废渣中铅的浸出质量浓度,但过量投加易造成pH过高;联合应用磷基材料与碱性物质可协同调控废渣pH至9~10,同时降低铅的浸出质量浓度,效果显著优于单一处理。磷基材料-碱性物质在降低铅迁移风险的同时减少了药剂过量投加引发的环境隐患,研究结果可为稀土冶炼渣的多金属复合污染治理提供理论依据和技术参考。

稀土  /  冶炼渣  /  铅  /  化学稳定化  /  磷基材料  /  碱性物质  /  协同效应

The leaching toxicity of lead in rare earth smelting slag is significantly high. Taking rare earth smelting slags (S1, S2, S3) from three Sichuan-based rare earth enterprises as research objects, this study conducted laboratory leaching experiments to investigate the immobilization effects of phosphorus-based materials and alkaline substances, both individually and in combination on lead in rare earth smelting slag, while screening and optimizing the dosage and ratio of phosphorus-based materials to alkaline substances. The results demonstrate that the sole addition of phosphorus-based materials can significantly reduce the leaching concentration of lead. For instance, adding 5% calcium superphosphate (by slag mass) can decrease the lead leaching concentration in S1 from 485 mg/L to 70.2 mg/L. However, this approach will cause pH reduction in slag, potentially inducing secondary pollution. While sole application of alkaline substances also notably reduce lead leaching concentration, excessive dosing risked excessively high pH levels. The combined use of phosphorus-based materials and alkaline substances can synergistically regulate slag pH to 9~10 while effectively reducing lead leaching concentration, achieving significantly superior outcomes compared to single treatments. The phosphorus-alkaline combined approach not only mitigate lead migration risks but also minimize environmental hazards caused by chemical overdosing. These findings provide theoretical basis and technical references for the remediation of multi-metal composite pollution in rare earth smelting slags.

rare earth  /  smelting slag  /  lead  /  chemical stabilization  /  phosphorus based materials  /  alkaline substances  /  synergy effect
吴尚文, 高扬, 孙娟. 稀土冶炼渣中铅的固定技术研究. 铀矿冶, 2025 , 44 (4) : 63 -70 . DOI: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2025.03.14
Shangwen WU, Yang GAO, Juan SUN. Research on Lead Immobilization Technology in Rare Earth Smelting Slag[J]. Uranium Mining and Metallurgy, 2025 , 44 (4) : 63 -70 . DOI: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2025.03.14

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doi: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2025.03.14
  • 接收时间:2025-03-28
  • 首发时间:2026-09-28
  • 出版时间:2025-11-20
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  • 收稿日期:2025-03-28
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    中核第四研究设计有限工程公司,河北 石家庄 050021

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孙娟(1983—),女,河南项城人,硕士,正高级工程师,主要从事环境评价和环境保护工程设计工作。
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)
属
Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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