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Article(id=1171165158958219352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, issueId=1171165154017321083, articleNumber=1000-8063(2025)03-0088-09, orderNo=null, doi=10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2025.03.01, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1740758400000, receivedDateStr=2025-03-01, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1757157133091, onlineDateStr=2025-09-06, pubDate=1757433600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1757157133091, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-09-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1757157133091, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1757157133091, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1171165154017321083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, year='2025', volume='44', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='154', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1757157131914, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1757582122913, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1172947695539994987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, issueId=1171165154017321083, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1172947695539994988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, issueId=1171165154017321083, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=88, endPage=96, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1171165159272792153, articleId=1171165158958219352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, language=EN, title=Design and Application of Digital Integrated Management and Control Platform for In-situ Leaching Uranium Mine, columnId=null, journalTitle=Uranium Mining and Metallurgy, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

The domestic and international situation of digital mine was introduced. Aiming at the problem of information island, taking an in-situ leaching uranium mine in Inner Mongolia as the research object, following the digital uranium mine architecture of CNUC, the digital integrated management and control platform was designed. By analyzing the technical architecture of systems of the mine, the data interface program was researched and developed independently, which is compatible with WebService, OPC and IEC104 standards. Using the data interface program, the values in the database of OA, DCS and electric power system were got and centralized managed. By the digital integrated management and control platform, the digitalization level of in-situ leaching uranium mine was greatly improved.

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分析国内外数字矿山建设现状,针对地浸铀矿山“信息孤岛”问题,以内蒙古某地浸铀矿山为研究对象,遵循中核铀业数字地浸铀矿山总体架构,开展了系统集成技术研究,研发了地浸铀矿山数字化集成管控平台。通过分析现场各系统技术架构,自主研发可兼容WebService、OPC和IEC104等标准的数据集成接口,集成管控平台可读取各系统数据库底层数据,实现了地浸铀矿山数字化集成管控平台与OA办公、生产自动化和电力管理等系统的数据汇聚和集中管控。集成管控平台的应用,有效提升了目标矿山数字化管理水平,为中国铀矿采冶数字化从离散控制到统一集控的跨越式发展夯实了技术基础。

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关键(1985—),男,北京人,硕士,正高级工程师,主要从事铀矿山信息系统建设和数字化转型技术研究。

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关键(1985—),男,北京人,硕士,正高级工程师,主要从事铀矿山信息系统建设和数字化转型技术研究。

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关键(1985—),男,北京人,硕士,正高级工程师,主要从事铀矿山信息系统建设和数字化转型技术研究。

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System construction of the mine

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数据大屏系统 决策支持层 新建子系统 底层代码开发
OA系统 经营管理层 新建子系统 套装软件开发
生产管控系统 经营管理
生产执行层		 新建子系统 快速开发平台开发
生产自动化系统 过程控制层 已有系统 套装软件二次开发
电力系统 过程控制层 已有系统 设备配套系统
车辆衡系统 过程控制层 已有系统 设备配套系统
视频监控系统 过程控制层 已有系统 套装软件二次开发
在线辐射监测系统 过程控制层 新建子系统 底层代码开发
井场自动分析站 设备控制层 新建子系统 底层代码开发
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目标矿山系统建设情况

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系统名称 功能域 系统部署方案 部署模式
数据大屏系统 决策支持层 新建子系统 底层代码开发
OA系统 经营管理层 新建子系统 套装软件开发
生产管控系统 经营管理
生产执行层		 新建子系统 快速开发平台开发
生产自动化系统 过程控制层 已有系统 套装软件二次开发
电力系统 过程控制层 已有系统 设备配套系统
车辆衡系统 过程控制层 已有系统 设备配套系统
视频监控系统 过程控制层 已有系统 套装软件二次开发
在线辐射监测系统 过程控制层 新建子系统 底层代码开发
井场自动分析站 设备控制层 新建子系统 底层代码开发
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Solution of integrated management and control platform

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方案 难度 成本 工作量 灵活性
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快速开发平台开发 中 中 中 中
商业套装软件二次开发 中 中 较小 低
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集成管控平台开发方案

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快速开发平台开发 中 中 中 中
商业套装软件二次开发 中 中 较小 低
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System requirements and interface

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生产自动化系统 数据 OPC/Modbus
电力系统 数据 IEC104
车辆衡系统 数据 无
视频监控系统 数据 ONVIF
在线辐射监测系统 数据 无
井场自动分析站 数据 无
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系统需求与接口

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生产自动化系统 数据 OPC/Modbus
电力系统 数据 IEC104
车辆衡系统 数据 无
视频监控系统 数据 ONVIF
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井场自动分析站 数据 无
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System requirements and interface

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序号 系统名称 系统用户
1 数据大屏系统 综合车间自控班
2 OA系统 全部员工
3 生产管控系统 与生产有关员工
4 生产自动化系统 综合车间自控班
5 电力系统 综合车间自控班
6 车辆衡系统 综合车间称重人员
7 视频监控系统 综合车间自控班
8 在线辐射监测系统 安防环保科
9 井场自动分析站 综合车间分析中心
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系统需求与接口

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4 生产自动化系统 综合车间自控班
5 电力系统 综合车间自控班
6 车辆衡系统 综合车间称重人员
7 视频监控系统 综合车间自控班
8 在线辐射监测系统 安防环保科
9 井场自动分析站 综合车间分析中心
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地浸铀矿山数字化集成管控平台设计与应用
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关键 , 吕文亮 , 丁俊兰
铀矿冶 | 开采·选治 2025,44(3): 88-96
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铀矿冶 | 开采·选治 2025, 44(3): 88-96
地浸铀矿山数字化集成管控平台设计与应用
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关键, 吕文亮, 丁俊兰
作者信息
  • 中核矿业科技集团有限公司,北京 101149

    • 关键(1985—),男,北京人,硕士,正高级工程师,主要从事铀矿山信息系统建设和数字化转型技术研究。

Design and Application of Digital Integrated Management and Control Platform for In-situ Leaching Uranium Mine
Jian GUAN, Wenliang LÜ, Junlan DING
Affiliations
  • China Nuclear Mining Science and Technology Corporation, CNNC, Beijing 101149, China
出版时间: 2025-09-10 doi: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2025.03.01
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摘要
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分析国内外数字矿山建设现状,针对地浸铀矿山“信息孤岛”问题,以内蒙古某地浸铀矿山为研究对象,遵循中核铀业数字地浸铀矿山总体架构,开展了系统集成技术研究,研发了地浸铀矿山数字化集成管控平台。通过分析现场各系统技术架构,自主研发可兼容WebService、OPC和IEC104等标准的数据集成接口,集成管控平台可读取各系统数据库底层数据,实现了地浸铀矿山数字化集成管控平台与OA办公、生产自动化和电力管理等系统的数据汇聚和集中管控。集成管控平台的应用,有效提升了目标矿山数字化管理水平,为中国铀矿采冶数字化从离散控制到统一集控的跨越式发展夯实了技术基础。

地浸铀矿山  /  数字化  /  系统集成  /  集成管控平台  /  数据接口  /  数据库

The domestic and international situation of digital mine was introduced. Aiming at the problem of information island, taking an in-situ leaching uranium mine in Inner Mongolia as the research object, following the digital uranium mine architecture of CNUC, the digital integrated management and control platform was designed. By analyzing the technical architecture of systems of the mine, the data interface program was researched and developed independently, which is compatible with WebService, OPC and IEC104 standards. Using the data interface program, the values in the database of OA, DCS and electric power system were got and centralized managed. By the digital integrated management and control platform, the digitalization level of in-situ leaching uranium mine was greatly improved.

in-situ leaching uranium mine  /  digital  /  system integration  /  integrated management and control platform  /  data interface  /  database
关键, 吕文亮, 丁俊兰. 地浸铀矿山数字化集成管控平台设计与应用. 铀矿冶, 2025 , 44 (3) : 88 -96 . DOI: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2025.03.01
Jian GUAN, Wenliang LÜ, Junlan DING. Design and Application of Digital Integrated Management and Control Platform for In-situ Leaching Uranium Mine[J]. Uranium Mining and Metallurgy, 2025 , 44 (3) : 88 -96 . DOI: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2025.03.01
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2017年,习近平总书记在十九大报告中首次提出建设“数字中国”。工信部明确指出“数字中国”有助于实现工业经济发展动力和发展方式的转变[1]。中核集团坚决贯彻中央和上级部委要求,确立了“数字核工业”发展战略,数字铀矿山作为“数字核工业”的重要组成部分被提上了日程[2]。到“十三五”末,地浸铀矿山已全面应用可编程逻辑控制器(PLC)和组态软件,普遍引入了信息化管理系统,生产自动化达到国际先进水平。但面对日益增长的人工成本和企业精益化管理需求,铀矿企业急需突破两化融合集成关键技术,将不同层面的系统集成到一起[3],发挥数据集聚效应,进一步提质增效,提升企业核心竞争力。为此,以内蒙古某地浸铀矿山为研究对象,开展数字地浸铀矿山系统集成技术研究,初步建立了数字化集成管控平台,打造了数字化地浸铀矿山新标杆。
1 数字矿山发展现状
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1.1 国内外数字矿山建设情况
20世纪60年代,部分发达国家开始进行矿山自动化、数字化相关技术的研发实践[4],建设了奥林匹克坝铜铀矿等多个智能矿山。发达国家在智能开采和专业软件等技术领域处于领先地位,一是依托智能化生产装备,实现矿产资源的远程自动开采。以日本小松和美国卡特彼勒公司为代表的矿山开采装备企业,通过深度融合先进技术与电液控制系统、工作面自动化控制系统,成功实现了在地下采煤工作面的自动化开采[5]。二是利用先进信息技术,实现矿山系统集成,激活数据价值。20世纪90年代,AMSKAN矿山信息系统[6]和AQUILA采矿系统公司的实时信息管理系统等在国外矿山得到广泛应用。随着信息系统应用逐步成熟,更多企业将数字化建设的重点转向系统集成。以美国埃克森美孚公司为代表的跨国矿产、能源企业一直致力于建立能够使全球工厂共享数据和管理信息的信息平台,将分布在全球的数字化炼厂,通过集成设计系统(CAD/PDM)、制造过程管理系统(MPM)、生产运行系统(MES)[7]和企业资源管理系统(ERP),实现设计、建设、生产运营全过程数字化。
中国是世界采矿大国,矿山开发建设与工程技术水平已处于世界前列,矿山智能化建设已成为新时期中国矿业高质量发展的主题[8]。石油和煤炭行业的智能化处于国内领先地位。中石油在大庆油田提出了数字油田、智能油田和智慧油田的“三步走”战略[9],所属庆新油田实现了所有井、间、站数据自动采集、故障智能分析、生产参数远程调控,生产站场“有人巡检、无人值守”,形成了一个整体的外围油田数字化管理模式。国能集团联合华为公司在布尔台煤矿打造全国首家基于“矿鸿”操作系统的综采工作面,首次在煤矿领域以统一的接口和协议标准,实现了智能设备的集成交互[10]。
1.2 中国地浸铀矿山数字化建设情况
1.2.1 发展现状
“十三五”以来,中国地浸铀矿山生产自动化技术高速发展,OA等信息化系统广泛应用,基本实现矿山现场的无人值守、少人巡检。目前,中国数字地浸铀矿山发展成绩突出,但总体上还是落后于国内外其他先进矿产能源企业,数据孤岛现象严重,存在系统数据无法共享和数据不一致等问题[11],亟待开展系统集成技术研究,建立集成管控平台,以支撑地浸采铀企业数字化转型升级。
1.2.2 目标矿山问题分析
数字矿山是一个巨系统工程,绝不是各个子系统的简单拼凑[12]。目标矿山建设了自动化控制系统、生产数据报表和电力管理等系统,除生产数据报表可以采集自动化控制系统数据外,其他系统彼此独立,形成了“信息孤岛”,数据无法共享和集中分析,汇总统计工作量大、效率低,每月需要10~12人·天使用Excel统计各系统导出的数据,严重制约了企业高效管理。
为解决“信息孤岛”问题,重点要突破数字地浸铀矿山系统集成技术,研发数字化集成管控平台,系统开发存在以下难点:1)系统类型多,技术架构繁杂。经过多年数字化建设,在目标矿山部署了生产自动化控制、生产数据报表、电力控制、车辆衡、视频监控和OA办公等多个信息系统,涵盖生产、管理不同应用层级,系统开发中使用java、C、C++和.Net等不同语言,采用B/S和C/S不同架构,信息化部署技术架构较复杂,系统集成接口开发难度大。2)系统集成接口和协议不统一。目标矿山信息系统建设缺乏顶层设计,未提前考虑数据接口标准,不同品牌企业采用的数据通信协议各不相同,数据接口形式不一致,部分老旧系统甚至不具备集成功能。
2 系统集成方案设计
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梳理现场已有系统,厘清信息化管理体系架构是研发数字化集成管控平台的关键。参考中核铀业数字地浸铀矿山总体架构,梳理了系统建设清单和应用架构,分析了各系统技术架构,明确了各系统间数据架构,确定集成管控平台与各子系统集成方案,全面实现地浸铀矿山数字化转型升级。
2.1 系统架构
中核铀业数字地浸铀矿山总体架构以铀矿数字化生产和企业信息化管理为主线,分为自动化生产系统和信息化管理系统,在国际通用的ISA-95标准的生产、管控、经营三层架构的基础上[13],设计了设备控制层、过程控制层、生产执行层、经营管理层和决策支持层结构[14](图1),为企业管理系统的集成建模和开发提供参考标准。
目标矿山从决策层到设备控制层共有9大系统,包括4个已有系统和5个新建系统(表1)。新建系统中,OA系统作为办公自动化系统,采用商业成熟套装软件开发;生产管控系统包括ERP和MES模块,需要针对地浸采铀行业优化、重组生产管理流程[15],考虑定制二次开发成本较高,底层代码开发难度较大,因此采用信息系统快速开发平台(简称快速开发平台)实施部署;数据大屏系统、环境监测软件等功能简单,开发难度较低,采用底层代码开发方式。
2.2 集成管控平台
2.2.1 系统建设方案
为了实现现场各系统数据的纵向贯通和横向集成,需要建立集成管控平台。目前主流的集成管控平台建设方案有4种(表2),包括数据总线平台部署、底层代码开发、快速开发平台开发和商业套装软件二次开发。综合考虑开发难度、成本、工作量和灵活性维度,目标矿山现场成熟套装OA系统数据接口较为全面,具备数据集成基础;因此,采用以商用OA系统二次开发方式,打造集成管控平台。
2.2.2 集成接口方案
本项目从集成需求、权限范围和接口形式3个维度对现场9个系统进行分析(表3)。除OA和生产管控系统具有集成审批流信息需求外,其他系统只需满足个别班组对特定数据集中管理要求。因此,本项目要实现OA和生产管控系统流程代办集成功能,其他系统仅需实现数据抓取和集中显示功能。为了在OA系统上显示生产管控系统待办信息,必须保证各系统组织架构和人员账号的一致性,为此还需要开发OA和生产管控系统组织架构同步功能。
深入分析各系统接口功能,确定了集成方案(图2)。OA系统作为成熟商业套装软件,支持WebService网络服务接口;自控系统等工业软件普遍具备OPC接口,能够对工业现场的多源异构数据进行采集、汇聚[16];其他定制化小型软件不具备数据接口,但可通过开放数据库方式实现数据远程读取。本项目以生产管控系统作为数据交互中心,编写数据库远程采集程序,直接读取生产数据报表、车辆衡和在线辐射监测系统底层数据;设计OPC通信模块,读取生产控制系统数据,进而获取井场自动分析工作站铀浓度、pH等在线分析数据;按照电力系统数据接口标准,编写通信模块,读取电力系统能源数据;建立数据大屏系统,通过读取生产管控系统数据,实现各系统数据统一上屏显示;通过WebService接口与集成管控平台(OA系统)连接,实现组织架构同步和统一代办等功能,最终实现系统间数据交互[17]。
本项目开展前,铀矿企业已经通过开发中间件程序实现标准工业接口系统数据采集,本项目研究的重点在于通过WebService接口实现生产管控系统和商业成熟OA产品的集成。
3 生产管控系统集成开发
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3.1 OA系统集成
集成管控平台以成熟OA商业软件为基础进行二次开发,利用自带WebService接口,完成与生产管控系统的集成,实现组织架构同步和统一代办功能;在OA系统首页增加专属代办显示区,并将生产管控系统用户待办在该区统一展示。该方案的难点在于生产管控系统采用快速开发平台部署,需要分析OA系统数据接口协议,进行二次开发。
3.1.1 接口功能分析
组织架构同步方面,OA系统提供了34个数据接口,包括公司、部门、岗位和用户4类企业信息,可满足组织架构同步需要,生产管控和OA系统自带接口,通过系统配置即可完成数据交互。统一代办方面,生产管控系统与OA系统要相互交换流程状态数据,但是OA系统的WebService接口不能推送业务流程信息,生产管控系统也不具备该类数据接口,因此要对OA系统和生产管控系统进行二次开发。
3.1.2 组织机构同步功能配置
分析OA系统和生产管控系统组织机构信息,共有24个字段可以形成映射关系并进行同步。利用生产控制系统底层的快速开发平台,设计定时服务Interface.java类和基于WebService接口的组织架构同步服务——HRAMwebservice。Interface.java定期启动HRAMwebservice服务,通过OA系统的WebService接口获取并解析返回的xml格式数据,并将解析出的组织机构和人员信息存储在数据库中(图3),实现生产管控系统信息同步。
3.1.3 统一代办功能开发
1)功能开发
本项目在OA首页增加了显示控件,用于展示生产管控系统代办信息,编制了init.jsp文件,并与显示控件绑定,赋予该控件数据通信响应能力;开发了TaskInfo.java网络服务(图4),用于生产管控系统向OA系统推送代办信息。当OA系统显示控件响应用户点击操作或系统定时刷新服务启动时,即可自动调用init.jsp文件代码,与生产管控系统TaskInfo.java网络服务进行数据交换。
init.jsp文件将OA系统当前登录用户名和时间通过加密算法形成通证字符串,并传递给生产管控系统。生产管控系统通过TaskInfo.java服务监听OA系统信息,接到通证后反向解码,判断请求的用户名是否为合法注册用户。握手成功后,生产管控系统将待办信息生成waitActivity.w文件,推送给OA系统代办显示控件调用(图5)。
3.2 其他子系统集成开发
3.2.1 生产自控系统
生产管控系统采用OPC接口采集生产自控系统数据。OPC接口作为工业自动化标准,已经成功应用到各种自动化系统中[18]。本项目通过开发数据采集程序,读取生产自控系统WinCC组态软件硫酸液位、流量等数据,并写入生产管控系统数据库,用于前台查询统计分析(图6)。
3.2.2 电力系统
生产管控系统采用电力行业IEC104规约读取电力系统数据。在工业协议中,IEC104协议被广泛应用于电力行业和轨道交通行业[19]。本项目开发了数据通信程序,采用TCP/IP协议,按照IEC104规约与现场电力系统进行数据通信,并通过生产管控系统显示(图7)。
3.2.3 其他开放数据库子系统
在线辐射监控等不具备数据接口功能的系统,均通过开放数据库的方式进行数据采集。本项目开发了数据库读写中间件程序,通过网络远程读取各子系统数据库,写入生产管控系统数据库;并在系统前端建立数据台账,用于数据查询与统计(图8)。
3.2.4 数据大屏系统
数据大屏系统即BI系统(Business Intelligence System)[20],作为现场各系统数据集中展示的平台,没有数据存储功能,通过调用生产管控系统数据库,显示现场生产工况(图9)。
4 生产管控系统应用效果
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数字化集成管控平台的成功上线,实现了目标矿山现场9大系统的有效集成,各级用户通过单点登录和数据集成查询等功能实现综合数据统计耗时从天到分钟的跨越式发展,全流程数字化管理覆盖率超过90%,系统集成度达100%(表4)。
5 结论
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本项目遵循中核铀业数字地浸铀矿山总体架构,以成熟商业化OA系统为底座,二次开发了WebService、IEC104和OPC等多种数据接口,实现地浸铀矿山现场9大系统的有效集成,解决了因铀矿企业系统架构繁杂和接口不一致造成的数据集成难题,企业管理效率大幅提升。该综合管理平台的设计和应用缩短了与国内外先进矿山企业数字化差距,为打造中国首个集约化数字化地浸铀矿山奠定了基础。
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2025年第44卷第3期
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doi: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2025.03.01
  • 接收时间：2025-03-01
  • 首发时间：2025-09-06
  • 出版时间：2025-09-10
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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