Article(id=1171165155560824968, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, issueId=1171165154017321083, articleNumber=1000-8063(2025)03-0035-06, orderNo=null, doi=10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2025.01.01, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1735747200000, receivedDateStr=2025-01-02, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=null, acceptedDateStr=null, onlineDate=1757157132281, onlineDateStr=2025-09-06, pubDate=1757433600000, pubDateStr=2025-09-10, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1757157132281, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-09-06, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1757157132281, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1757157132281, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1171165154017321083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, year='2025', volume='44', issue='3', pageStart='1', pageEnd='154', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=1, specialIssue=null, createTime=1757157131914, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1757582122913, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1172947695539994987, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, issueId=1171165154017321083, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1172947695539994988, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, issueId=1171165154017321083, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=35, endPage=40, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1171165155766345866, articleId=1171165155560824968, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, language=EN, title=Optimization of Leaching Process Parameters of Hard Rock Uranium Ore, columnId=null, journalTitle=Uranium Mining and Metallurgy, columnName=null, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Due to the change in ore properties of a certain hard rock uranium mine with the increase of mining depth, the heap leaching process of the ore encountered the problem of heap scaling. In order to solve the problem, the effects of leaching agent acidity, spray intensity, column height and particle size on heap scaling were studied. The results show that when the acidity of the leaching agent is 50.0 g/L, the spray intensity is 40.0 L/(m2·h), and the leaching period is 30 days, there is no scaling in the column leaching test, and the uranium leaching rate of -10 mm ore reaches 83.40%. The results of the 800 t ore pilot test confirms that there is no scaling in the heap with high acidity and large spray intensity, and the uranium leaching rate reaches 86.57%.

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康佳红(1981—),男,辽宁铁岭人,学士,高级工程师,主要从事硬岩铀矿浸出技术管理工作。

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康佳红(1981—),男,辽宁铁岭人,学士,高级工程师,主要从事硬岩铀矿浸出技术管理工作。

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康佳红(1981—),男,辽宁铁岭人,学士,高级工程师,主要从事硬岩铀矿浸出技术管理工作。

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Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Engineering and Metallurgy, CNNC, Beijing 101149, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1171206376740143463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1171165155560824968, companyId=1171206376727560549, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3.核工业北京化工冶金研究院,北京 101149)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1171206381144162757, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1171165155560824968, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=New heap and the condition of heap scaling, figureFileSmall=bQytGCjmLHmxbY6s+WvwsQ==, figureFileBig=Yhu78OIVpwMMmiNag/IfvQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1171206381228048839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1171165155560824968, language=CN, label=图1, caption=新堆及矿堆板结情况, figureFileSmall=bQytGCjmLHmxbY6s+WvwsQ==, figureFileBig=Yhu78OIVpwMMmiNag/IfvQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1171206381332906441, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1171165155560824968, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Schematic diagram of column leaching test apparatus, figureFileSmall=hAXA22ZlcNHDLNB7zLfJfA==, figureFileBig=NgSw99ZoVYVaVBye52zc8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1171206381420986827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1171165155560824968, language=CN, label=图2, caption=柱浸试验装置示意图, figureFileSmall=hAXA22ZlcNHDLNB7zLfJfA==, figureFileBig=NgSw99ZoVYVaVBye52zc8g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1171206381504872910, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1171165155560824968, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=No heap scaling in the first turn, figureFileSmall=LkY3MWmSRbTalU+zMZV4fw==, figureFileBig=fPVjHNIT8rQliVMPoNxOoQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1171206381571981776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1171165155560824968, language=CN, label=图3, caption=第一次翻堆矿堆无板结, figureFileSmall=LkY3MWmSRbTalU+zMZV4fw==, figureFileBig=fPVjHNIT8rQliVMPoNxOoQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1171206381630702034, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1171165155560824968, language=EN, label=Table 1, caption=

Mass fraction of main scaling components in deep and shallow ore

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
浅部(-100 m)矿石质量分数/%
S FeO SiO2 MgO Fe2O3 Al2O3 CaO
0.73 0.85 86.03 0.40 1.90 3.97 1.05
深部(-150 m)矿石质量分数/%
SiO2 FeO Fe2O3 Al2O3 CaO MgO MnO TiO2 P2O5
74.69 0.76 0.48 6.70 7.29 0.86 0.108 0.084 0.006
), ArticleFig(id=1171206381706199508, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1171165155560824968, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

深浅部矿石主要结垢成分质量分数

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
浅部(-100 m)矿石质量分数/%
S FeO SiO2 MgO Fe2O3 Al2O3 CaO
0.73 0.85 86.03 0.40 1.90 3.97 1.05
深部(-150 m)矿石质量分数/%
SiO2 FeO Fe2O3 Al2O3 CaO MgO MnO TiO2 P2O5
74.69 0.76 0.48 6.70 7.29 0.86 0.108 0.084 0.006
), ArticleFig(id=1171206381857194454, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1171165155560824968, language=EN, label=Table 2, caption=

Influence of spray intensity on ore scaling

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
喷淋强度/
[L/(m2·h)]
板结情况 渣中铀
品位/%
铀浸出率/
%
10.0 有结块 0.033 9 77.84
20.0 结块 0.031 4 79.48
30.0 有结块 0.029 2 80.92
40.0 少量结块 0.028 8 81.18
50.0 少量结块 0.028 3 81.50
), ArticleFig(id=1171206381953663448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1171165155560824968, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

喷淋强度对矿石板结的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
喷淋强度/
[L/(m2·h)]
板结情况 渣中铀
品位/%
铀浸出率/
%
10.0 有结块 0.033 9 77.84
20.0 结块 0.031 4 79.48
30.0 有结块 0.029 2 80.92
40.0 少量结块 0.028 8 81.18
50.0 少量结块 0.028 3 81.50
), ArticleFig(id=1171206382050132441, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1171165155560824968, language=EN, label=Table 3, caption=

Influence of leaching agents acidity on ore scaling

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
淋浸剂酸度/(g/L) 板结情况 渣中铀品位/% 铀浸出率/%
5.0 有结块 0.051 9 66.08
10.0 有结块 0.047 5 68.95
20.0 有结块 0.032 3 78.89
30.0 有结块 0.029 2 80.92
40.0 略有结块 0.026 3 82.81
50.0 无结块 0.025 4 83.40
60.0 无结块 0.025 2 83.53
), ArticleFig(id=1171206382117241307, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1171165155560824968, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

淋浸剂酸度对矿石板结的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
淋浸剂酸度/(g/L) 板结情况 渣中铀品位/% 铀浸出率/%
5.0 有结块 0.051 9 66.08
10.0 有结块 0.047 5 68.95
20.0 有结块 0.032 3 78.89
30.0 有结块 0.029 2 80.92
40.0 略有结块 0.026 3 82.81
50.0 无结块 0.025 4 83.40
60.0 无结块 0.025 2 83.53
), ArticleFig(id=1171206382268236253, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1171165155560824968, language=EN, label=Table 4, caption=

Influence of column height on ore scaling

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
装柱高度/m 板结情况 渣中铀品位/% 铀浸出率/%
1.0 0.025 4 83.40
1.3 0.025 5 83.33
1.5 0.028 5 81.37
1.8 0.031 4 79.48
2.0 0.035 2 76.99
), ArticleFig(id=1171206382377288159, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1171165155560824968, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

装柱高度对矿石板结的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
装柱高度/m 板结情况 渣中铀品位/% 铀浸出率/%
1.0 0.025 4 83.40
1.3 0.025 5 83.33
1.5 0.028 5 81.37
1.8 0.031 4 79.48
2.0 0.035 2 76.99
), ArticleFig(id=1171206382431814113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1171165155560824968, language=EN, label=Table 5, caption=

Influence of particle size on ore scaling

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粒度/mm 板结情况 渣中铀品位/% 铀浸出率/%
-10 0.025 4 83.40
-9 0.024 7 83.86
-8 0.022 5 85.29
-6 0.017 3 88.69
-4 0.013 7 91.05
-3 略有结块 0.012 4 91.90
), ArticleFig(id=1171206382494728675, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1146123346816638986, articleId=1171165155560824968, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

粒度对矿石板结的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
粒度/mm 板结情况 渣中铀品位/% 铀浸出率/%
-10 0.025 4 83.40
-9 0.024 7 83.86
-8 0.022 5 85.29
-6 0.017 3 88.69
-4 0.013 7 91.05
-3 略有结块 0.012 4 91.90
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硬岩铀矿淋浸工艺参数优化
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康佳红 1 , 邓建国 1 , 曹彪 1 , 刘环 2 , 师留印 3 , 刘再道 1 , 刘俊 1 , 王应财 1 , 马文涛 1
铀矿冶 | 开采·选治 2025,44(3): 35-40
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铀矿冶 | 开采·选治 2025, 44(3): 35-40
硬岩铀矿淋浸工艺参数优化
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康佳红1, 邓建国1, 曹彪1, 刘环2, 师留印3, 刘再道1, 刘俊1, 王应财1, 马文涛1
作者信息
  • 1.中核韶关锦原铀业有限公司,广东 韶关 511100
  • 2.中核广东矿业有限公司,广东 韶关 511100
  • 3.核工业北京化工冶金研究院,北京 101149
  • 康佳红(1981—),男,辽宁铁岭人,学士,高级工程师,主要从事硬岩铀矿浸出技术管理工作。

Optimization of Leaching Process Parameters of Hard Rock Uranium Ore
Jiahong KANG1, Jianguo DENG1, Biao CAO1, Huan LIU2, Liuyin SHI3, Zaidao LIU1, Jun LIU1, Yingcai WANG1, Wentao MA1
Affiliations
  • 1. Shaoguan Jinyuan Uranium Co., Ltd., CNNC, Shaoguan 511100, China
  • 2. Guangdong Mining Co., Ltd., CNNC, Shaoguan 511100, China
  • 3. Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Engineering and Metallurgy, CNNC, Beijing 101149, China
出版时间: 2025-09-10 doi: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2025.01.01
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随着开采深度的增加,某硬岩铀矿矿性发生变化,在矿石堆浸过程中出现矿堆板结现象。为了解决矿堆板结问题,研究了淋浸剂酸度、喷淋强度、装柱高度、粒度等对矿堆板结的影响。结果表明,在淋浸剂酸度50.0 g/L、喷淋强度40.0 L/(m2·h)、浸出周期30 d条件下,柱浸试验后无板结,-10 mm矿石的铀浸出率达83.40%。800 t矿石的中试试验结果证实,在浸出剂酸度高、喷淋强度大时,矿堆无板结现象,铀浸出率可达86.57%。
铀矿  /  堆浸  /  板结  /  浸出率  /  浸出剂  /  喷淋强度

Due to the change in ore properties of a certain hard rock uranium mine with the increase of mining depth, the heap leaching process of the ore encountered the problem of heap scaling. In order to solve the problem, the effects of leaching agent acidity, spray intensity, column height and particle size on heap scaling were studied. The results show that when the acidity of the leaching agent is 50.0 g/L, the spray intensity is 40.0 L/(m2·h), and the leaching period is 30 days, there is no scaling in the column leaching test, and the uranium leaching rate of -10 mm ore reaches 83.40%. The results of the 800 t ore pilot test confirms that there is no scaling in the heap with high acidity and large spray intensity, and the uranium leaching rate reaches 86.57%.

uranium mine  /  heap leaching  /  scaling  /  leaching rate  /  leaching agent  /  spray intensity
康佳红, 邓建国, 曹彪, 刘环, 师留印, 刘再道, 刘俊, 王应财, 马文涛. 硬岩铀矿淋浸工艺参数优化. 铀矿冶, 2025 , 44 (3) : 35 -40 . DOI: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2025.01.01
Jiahong KANG, Jianguo DENG, Biao CAO, Huan LIU, Liuyin SHI, Zaidao LIU, Jun LIU, Yingcai WANG, Wentao MA. Optimization of Leaching Process Parameters of Hard Rock Uranium Ore[J]. Uranium Mining and Metallurgy, 2025 , 44 (3) : 35 -40 . DOI: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2025.01.01
堆浸技术是中国硬岩铀生产采用的主要技术之一[1],其成本较低、原材料消耗少。某硬岩铀矿山始建于1969年,采用分层崩落法自上而下开采,随着井下开采深度的增加,当采用堆浸技术浸出时,在矿石筑堆喷淋初期(小于7天)距堆面约1 m以下出现了矿堆板结现象。
堆场板结实际是矿石中的钙、镁、铝、铁化合物与硫酸反应后,由于反应产物溶解度和pH变化,导致这些物质再结晶析出的过程[2-4],这一过程在工业生产中被称为结垢。结垢类型主要有析晶结垢、微粒结垢、化学反应结垢等形式,包括起始、运移、附着、剥蚀及老化过程[5]。为了有效应对结垢问题,需有效减小垢的形成和运移;在结垢初期,延长诱导期是防止污垢产生的有利措施[6]。矿堆内的液体流速对污垢的生长起决定性作用[7],当溶液中有杂质离子存在时,会改变硫酸钙结晶的介稳区间,促进硫酸钙的转晶过程[8]
为使沉淀物快速溶解而不生成酸不溶物,降低其与矿石胶结成不渗透层的概率,应尽快降低pH或使用外力使其松散[9]。降低板结的方法主要有物理法、化学法或二者结合,物理法通常采用挖掘机打破板结;化学法需要添加EDTA等螯合剂、磷酸盐型等阻垢剂,主要用于应对油气行业或水溶液中的硫酸盐型结垢[10-17]。醇类、有机酸、金属氯化物等外加剂,有利于改善水冶厂铀矿石硫酸浸出过程中硫酸钙晶须的表观形貌并增大其长径比[18-21]
堆浸操作处于水冶工艺前端,为了不造成后续吸附—淋洗—沉淀工序的紊乱,避免阻垢剂影响产品质量,并减少工艺设备和阻垢剂材料投入,笔者通过试验改变淋浸剂酸度和喷淋强度等浸出条件,进而改变矿石中Ca、Fe、Al溶出速度,旨在解决矿堆板结问题。
目前,该水冶厂采用挖掘机强制打破结块,挖掘机翻堆用时由2019年前的2天/堆变为2019年后的7天/堆。在相同的浸出周期内,矿堆板结使浸出率降低,堆场利用率大幅下降,产能下降。每个浸出堆如果在浸出15 d后翻堆,堆内会形成坚硬结构,翻堆用时长;提前翻堆(小于7 d),堆内有结块但较软,翻堆效果较好,但提前翻堆不能根本解决结垢问题。在水冶堆浸过程中,曾尝试通过清水配酸制备淋浸剂,用于喷淋新堆,以减少杂质离子进入系统,但矿堆仍存在板结现象。
铀矿石从井下采出,深浅部(-150 m,-100 m)矿石成分见表1。随着开采深度的增加,矿性发生变化,氧化性降低。矿石经破碎至粒度-10 mm后筑堆,浸出堆规格50 m×20 m×3 m,用20 g/L硫酸溶液喷淋,喷淋强度15 L/(m2·h),矿石中的铀和杂质共同溶出;在矿堆喷淋酸液重力下降过程中,由于酸液与可溶性物质反应消耗,酸度降低,pH升高,因析出硫酸钙、硫酸铝、硫酸铁结晶或水解而造成矿堆板结。新堆及喷淋15 d第一次翻堆板结情况见图1
表1可看出,浅部(-100 m)矿石中CaO质量分数为1.05%;深部(-150 m)矿石中CaO质量分数为7.29%、Al2O3质量分数在6.70%,深部矿石中的Ca、Al质量分数增加。由于Fe3+与Al3+分别在pH大于2.5和4.0开始水解沉淀,根据矿堆喷淋生产实际,随着矿石淋浸过程中硫酸被消耗,喷淋3 d时矿堆底部的pH升高至5.0,Al3+、Fe3+形成氢氧化物沉淀,Ca2+形成硫酸钙沉淀堵塞淋浸剂下降通道,使矿堆渗透性变差,钙镁铝结晶析出造成板结。随着喷淋时间推移,淋浸剂向下迁移,矿堆中下部pH降低,板结层向中下部移动。
仪器:YP300001D型电子天平,上海衡际科学仪器有限公司;BT100S-1型蠕动泵(泵头YZ15,单通道流量范围0.006~420 mL/min、压力0.1~0.3 MPa),保定雷弗流体科技有限公司;PHS-3E型精密pH计,上海仪电科学仪器股份有限公司。
矿样:采用12点网格状取新堆未喷淋前样品,矿石组分见表1,粒度为-10 mm。喷淋剂为硫酸溶液,根据需要用清水和工业级98%硫酸配制。
浸出柱:采用自制ϕ100 mm和ϕ200 mm有机玻璃管,柱高度1.2~2.2 m不等,在柱底部铺设粒径10~20 mm的鹅卵石渗滤层(厚30 mm),以优化液流分布。
淋浸过程采用BT100S-1型蠕动泵实现恒流供液,通过PLC控制系统实时监测流量波动(误差±2%)。
在不同流量与酸度条件下进行试验,喷淋一定周期后观察结垢情况并测量浸出渣品位。每个柱喷淋结束后放置2 d,然后将矿渣倒出观察板结情况,如矿渣颜色均匀、无结块,则认为无板结;如矿渣内部有黄色结块,则认定为板结。测渣品位时,将倒出的矿渣采用四分法缩分至2 kg左右,磨至-0.074 mm,根据渣品位及柱内矿石情况确定最佳酸度。淋浸剂为不同浓度的硫酸溶液。如无特别说明,试验用矿石粒度均为-10 mm。柱浸试验装置示意图见图2
均匀取样10.0 kg装柱(ϕ100 mm柱),在淋浸剂酸度30.0 g/L、连续喷淋条件下浸出30 d,进行不同喷淋强度试验,结果见表2。可以看出,当喷淋强度≥40.0 L/(m2·h),柱内均有少量结块;随喷淋强度增大,结块不消失,渣品位有降低趋势,但降低不明显,铀浸出率变化不大。试验选定喷淋强度为40.0 L/(m2·h)。
均匀取样10.0 kg装柱(ϕ100 mm柱),在喷淋强度40.0 L/(m2·h)、连续喷淋条件下浸出30 d,进行不同淋浸剂酸度试验,结果见表3。可以看出,当淋浸剂酸度≥50.0 g/L时,柱内无结块,铀浸出率达83.40%;随淋浸剂酸度增加,渣品位变化不大。试验选定淋浸剂酸度为50.0 g/L。
浸出初期,矿石被浸出剂(硫酸)润湿,位于矿堆表面的矿石先与酸反应,铀被溶解;同时矿石中的水云母和其他硅铝酸盐也与酸发生反应,Fe3+、Al3+和可溶性硅也进入溶液。当含铀和杂质的浸出液从堆表面向堆内渗透时,自矿堆表面至内部pH逐渐升高,溶液中的Fe3+、Al3+和可溶性硅可能水解形成水铝石英胶体,该胶体被矿石吸附并沉积在矿石堆空隙中,失水老化后形成夹杂石膏的结垢物。浸出过程中生成的这些沉淀物,一方面覆盖在矿石颗粒表面,减缓甚至阻止浸出液与矿石中有用矿物的接触反应;另一方面在矿石颗粒之间形成板状化学结垢,阻碍浸出剂的横向和纵向流动,降低矿堆的渗透性,从而影响浸出[22]
均匀取样装柱(ϕ200 mm柱),在喷淋强度40.0 L/(m2·h)、淋浸剂酸度50.0 g/L条件下浸出30 d,进行装柱高度试验,结果见表4。可以看出,随装柱高度增加,柱内无板结;但渣品位逐渐增加,铀浸出率降低。这可能是由于随装柱高度增加,矿石下层浸出液与矿石内部的铀浓度差降低,内扩散减弱,导致铀浸出率降低。堆浸工艺实际操作中,根据月度盘点结果,单堆铀浸出率一般在75%~77%,而柱浸试验的铀浸出率明显高于堆场实际浸出率。
取样破碎至不同粒度,装柱(ϕ100 mm柱),在淋浸酸度50.0 g/L、喷淋强度40.0 L/(m2·h)条件下浸出30 d,结果见表5。可以看出,当柱内矿石粒度≥4 mm时均不会出现板结;相同浸出周期下,随矿石粒度减小,渣品位明显下降,铀浸出率增加。
进行筑堆中试试验,验证柱浸试验结果。筑堆矿量800 t,矿石粒度-10 mm,喷淋强度40.0 L/(m2·h),淋浸剂酸度50.0 g/L,堆高3 m,喷淋10 d后进行第一次翻堆,结果见图3。第一次翻堆,堆内无板结。继续喷淋30 d,每天取样分析浸出液铀浓度、pH,统计喷淋量,计算得到液计铀浸出率达86.57%。喷淋30 d后进行第二次翻堆,效果与第一次相近,堆内也无板结。未改变喷淋工艺参数前,矿堆板结在第一次翻堆时(喷淋10 d)就已出现,第二次翻堆时(喷淋30 d)板结情况减轻,30 d液计铀浸出率一般在70%~75%。筑堆试验证实采用高酸度、大流量喷淋条件可以消除矿堆板结,并提高铀浸出率。
该硬岩铀矿石堆浸工艺,在矿石粒度-10 mm、喷淋强度≥40.0 L/(m2·h)、淋浸剂酸度≥50.0 g/L、浸出周期30 d条件下,矿堆不会板结。堆浸过程中,如矿石中Al、Ca、Fe含量高,应通过加大喷淋强度、提高淋浸剂酸度迅速溶出杂质,防止杂质的结晶板结。
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2025年第44卷第3期
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doi: 10.13426/j.cnki.yky.2025.01.01
  • 接收时间:2025-01-02
  • 首发时间:2025-09-06
  • 出版时间:2025-09-10
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    1.中核韶关锦原铀业有限公司,广东 韶关 511100
    2.中核广东矿业有限公司,广东 韶关 511100
    3.核工业北京化工冶金研究院,北京 101149
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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